Ngữ pháp tiếng anh - thể bị động

Ngữ pháp tiếng anh - thể bị động

NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN

1

1

Chú ý 1

1.1: Làm quen với thể bị động

He delivered the document in person

S V O

The document was delivered by him in person

So be + PII by + chủ thể hành động (S)

chủ ngữ của thể chủ động (S) đổi thành by + chủ thể hành động

1.2: Exercise

1 You must [sign/ be signed] the employment contract

2 The employment contract must [sign/ be signed] by you

3 The sales department will [hold/ be held] a marketing seminar

4 The marketing seminar will [hold/ be held] by the sales department

Ghi chú

1 Chủ ngữ trong câu bị động là tân ngữ của ngoại động từ trong câu chủ động

You must sign the employment contract

2 Nội động từ không đòi hỏi có tân ngữ nên không bao giờ có trường hợp câu bị động với nội động từ The price increases rapidly

Chủ động => trợ động từ + động từ nguyên mẫu

Bị động => trợ động từ + be + quá khứ phân từ

1.3: Exercise

1 The manager will _ the new safety guidelines

(A) distributing (B) distribute

(C) distributed (D) distribution

2 The parts could not _ to the factory by next week

(A) be shipped (B) shipping

3 Attendance records should _ to the personnel department

(A) submission (B) submit

(C) submitting (D) be submitted

4 The contents of this proposal can _ by the manager

(A) be revised (B) revise

(C) revision (D) revised

5 The company will _ its staff by 20 percent

(A) be reduced (B) reducing

(C) reduce (D) reduction

Chú ý 2

Hình thức chủ động và bị động ở các thì

THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG TRONG BÀI THI TOEIC

TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE

2

Hiện tại

đơn

S + V (s/es) + O S + am/is/are + PII

+

by + O

Ex: The manager sends a memo to all distributors

-> A memo is sent to all distributors

by the manager

Hiện tại

tiếp diễn

S + am/is/are + Ving + O

S + am/is/are + being + PII + by +

O

Ex: The manager is sending a memo

to all distributors at the moment

-> A memo is being sent to all distributors by the manager at the moment

Hiện tại

hoàn thành S + have/has

+ PII + O

S + have/has + been + PII + by +

O

Ex: The manager has sent a memo to all distributors

-> A memo has been sent to all distributors by the manager

Quá khứ

đơn S + Ved/ P-I + O S + was/were + PII + by + O

Ex: The manager sent a memo to all distributors yesterday

-> A memo was sent to all distributors by the manager yesterday

Quá khứ

tiếp diễn

S + was/were + Ving + O

S + was/were + being

+ PII + by + O

Ex: The manager was sending a memo to all distributors this time yesterday

-> A memo was being sent to all distributors by the manager this time yesterday

Quá khứ

hoàn thành

S + had + PII + O S + had + been

+ PII + by + O

Ex: The manager had sent a memo to all distributors before the electricity went off

-> A memo had been sent to all distributors by the manager before the electricity went off

Tương lai

đơn

S + will/ shall + V + O

S + will/ shall + be + PII + by + O

Ex: The manager will send a memo to all distributors tomorrow

-> A memo will be sent to all distributors by the manager tomorrow

Tương lai

hoàn thành

S + will/ shall + have + PII + O

S + will/ shall + have + been + PII + by + O

Ex: The manager will have sent a memo to all distributors by next Monday

-> A memo will have been sent to all distributors by the manager by next Monday

NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN

3

3

Tương lai

gần

S + is/am/are + going to + V + O

S + is/am/are + going to + be + PII + by + O

Ex: The manager is going to send a memo to all distributors this holiday

-> A memo is going to be sent to all distributors by the manager this holiday

Động từ

khuyết

thiếu

S + modal verbs + V + O

S + modal verbs +

be + PII + by + O

Ex: The manager must send a memo

to all distributors

-> A memo must be sent to all distributors by the manager

Exercise 1

1 The company has [reduced/ been reduced] its production cost

2 Its production cost has [reduced/ been reduced] by the company

3 The secretary has [distributed/ been distributed] this pamphlet

4 This pamphlet has [distributed/ been distributed] by the secretary

Exercise 2

1 The proposal has _ by my secretary

(A) revised (B) revising

(C) revise (D) been revised

2 The accounting manager has _ all budget reports

(A) reviewing (B) reviewed

(C) been reviewed (D) reviews

3 The company’s travel budget has _ substantially

(A) reduced (B) reduce

(C) been reduced (D) reducing

4 The researchers have _ a new vaccine

(A) been developed (B) developing (C) developed (D) develops

5 They have consistently _ quality services and products

(A) provides (B) been provided (C) providing (D) provided

CHÚ Ý 3

Ngữ pháp nâng cao

Xác định nhanh thể chủ động/ bị động thông qua tân ngữ

1 Hình thức câu chủ động

chủ ngữ + động từ + tân ngữ

Ex:

The manager sent a memo to all distributors

-> A memo was sent to all distributors by the manager

TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE

4

Do đó, có thể đoán nhanh câu chủ động và câu bị động thông qua sự tồn tại của tân ngữ

2 be + + (cụm) danh từ: có tân ngữ ở sau nên là câu chủ động

 từ điền vào chỗ trống là ngoại động từ ở dạng hiện tại phân từ

Ex: He is inviting all his friends to the party

be + + (cụm) trạng từ: không có tân ngữ (danh từ) ở sau nên là câu bị động

=> từ điền vào chỗ trống là ngoại động từ ở dạng quá khứ phân từ

Ex: All his friends are being invited to the party

Quick Quiz

1 Please remember that all application materials should by next Friday

(A) send (B) be sending (C) be sent (D) sending

2 Money refunds will into your account within 7 days of your claim

(A) deposited (B) to deposit (C) depositing (D) be deposited

Exercise 1

Part V: Chọn từ thích hợp để điền vào chỗ trống dưới đây

1 The new employee handbook was to all employees

(A) distributed (B) distributing (C) distributes (D) distribute

2 You should the rent before the deadline

(A) paid (B) be paid (C) pay (D) paying

3 The research and development budget has substantially

(A) reduced (B) reduces (C) been reduced (D) be reduced

4 The president has a new strategy to increase sales

(A) proposing (B) proposed (C) been proposed (D) propose

5 The terms of the contract must carefully

(A) be reviewing (B) review (C) reviewing (D) be reviewed

Part VI Điền vào chỗ trống trong mẩu quảng cáo sau

Teen Ice Cream Party & Game Night

Thursday August 31 @ 6:30 P.M

All teens and their friends are for an End-of-the-Summer Ice Cream Party and

6 (A) invite

(B) invited

(C) inviting

(D) invites

Game Night All the food for the party will , along with cards and various board games

7 (A) provide

(B) provides

(C) provided

(D) be provided

Registration is to join the event

8 (A) requiring

NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN

5

5

(B) requires

(C) require

(D) required

Exercise 2

Part V: Chọn từ thích hợp điền vào chỗ trống

1 Though a great deal of money had _, the project was a failure

(A) invested (B) be invested (C) been invested (D) invest

2 Public buildings throughout the country will soon a no-smoking policy

(A) implement (B) implementation (C) be implemented (D) implementing

3 It is a great pleasure to inform you that your company has as our new supplier

(A) selecting (B) selected (C) be selected (D) been selected

4 If you require additional information, one of our sales representatives

(A) contacting (B) contact (C) contacts (D) contacted

5 Because of a mechanical problem, the replacement parts could not by tomorrow

(A) shipped (B) be shipped (C) be shipping (D) ship

6 A special luncheon will be held in honor of the sales department, which has monthly sales goals

(A) reached (B) been reached (C) reaching (D) reaches

7 According to a new policy, overnight camping in all national parks is no longer

(A) permits (B) permitting (C) permitted (D) permission

8 Sales personnel extra office supplies should get permission from their supervisor

(A) purchasing (B) to purchase (C) purchased (D) have purchased

9 Beginning next month, a technician will new security cameras on every floor of the building

(A) install (B) be installed (C) installing (D) installed

10 A number of large corporations have recently been _ considerable downsizing

(A) undergo (B) undergone (C) underwent (D) undergoing

11 Tickets to Bob Mollen's charity concert will online starting next Tuesday

(A) have sold (B) selling (C) be sold (D) have been selling

12 Applications for bank mortgages must by the end of this month

(A) to receive (B) be received (C) received (D) receiving

13 Overall company profits at Kaplin Tech, Inc steadily for the last five years

(A) risen (B) were risen (C) have risen (D) have been risen

14 The revisions by the senior accountant should be included in the following budget report

(A) were made (B) was made (C) to make (D) made

Part VI: Chọn đáp án đúng cho câu 15 ~ 17 trong thông báo sau đây

Enrollment policies:

TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE

6

(B) be receiving (C) receiving (D) be received time has expired

_ an email to registration@utuniversity.edu requesting a withdrawal

16 (A) Sending

(B) Send (C) To send (D) Sends You will need to include your name, the course title and the course section number Following the proper withdrawal procedure will ensure an appropriate grade assignment

No extensions will for this course

17 (A) grant

(B) have granted (C) be granted (D) have been granting CÁC EM XEM ĐÁP ÁN CÔ CHỮA TẠI ngoaingu24h.vn NHÉ!!!