NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY VOCABULARY Asia (n.) châu Á Asian (adj.) thuộc châu Á, nguòi châu Á On the other hand: mặt khác Contractual marriage: hôn nhân cha mẹ đặt Attitude /'aetitju:d/ (n.) thái độ, quan điểm, tư thế, điệu bộ, dáng dấp Response/ri'spons/(n.) trả lời, câu trả lời, đáp lại, hưởng ứng,sự phản ứng lại; đối phó lại (khi bị kích thích ) Key /ki:/ (n.) đảo nhỏ, bãi cát nông; đá ngầm; chia khoá Value /'vaelju:/(n.) giá trị (bằng tiền hàng hoá khác mà trao đổi được), giá (giá trị so với giá tiên trà cho nó) giá trị (tính chất có ích hay đáng giá quan trọng) To confide/kon'faid/(v.t.) (+ to to) nói riêng; giãi bày tâm sự; phó thác,giao phó Major (n) thiếu tá (lục quân); trai đến tuổi thành niên Majority (n.) phần lớn, phần đông, đa số;đảng (nhóm) đa số phiếu; tuổi thành niên, tuổi trưòng thành Wise /waiz/ (adj.) khôn ngoan, sáng suốt, có suy xét Unwise (adj.) không khôn ngoan, mill xuẩn, khờ, dại dột,không thận trọng Reject (n.) vật bị loại, vật bỏ đi, vật không chọn, người bị loại (trong kì tuyển quân ), người bị đánh hỏng thi Significant (adj.) đầy ý nghĩa, có tính chất gợi ý, có ý nghĩa Romantic (adj.) lãng mạn; tiểu thuyết (về cảm xúc) To precede /pri:'si:d/ (v.t.) trước, dứng trước, đặt trước, trước, có trước, đến trước, nói trước Generation (n.) sinh ra, phát sinh ra, hệ, đời; To celebrate (v.t.) ki niệm, làm lễ kỷ niệm, tán dương, ca tụng A Reading What things make a marriage happy understanding romantic love Marriage sharing And more… partnership of equals Read the passage and the tasks that follow (mp3.1) Traditionally, Americans and Asians have very different ideas about love and marriage Americans believe in “romantic” marriage – a boy and a girl are attracted to each other, fall in love, and decide to marry each other Asians, on the other hand, believe in “contractual” marriage – the parents of the bride and the groom decide on the marriage; and love – if it ever develops – is supposed to follow marriage, not precede it Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội To show the differences, a survey was conducted among American, Chinese and Indian students to determine their attitudes toward love and marriage Below is a summary of each group’s responses to the four key values Physical attractiveness: The Americans are much more concerned than the Indians and the Chinese with physical attractiveness when choosing a wife or a husband They also agree that a wife should maintain her beauty and appearance after marriage Confiding: Few Asian students agree with the American students’ view that wives and husbands share all thoughts In fact, a majority of Indians and Chinese think it is better and wiser for a couple not to share certain thoughts A large number of Indian men agree that it is unwise to confide in their wives Partnership of equals: The majority of Asian students reject the American view that marriage is a partnership of equals Many Indian students agree that a woman has to sacrifice more in a marriage than a man Trust built on love: Significantly, more Asian students than American students agree that a husband is obliged to tell his wife where he has been if he comes home late The Asian wife can demand a record of her husband’s activities The American wife, however, trusts her husband to the right thing because he loves her not because he has to The comparison of the four values suggests that young Asians are not as romantic as their American counterparts Task Explain the meaning of the italicized words/phrases in the following sentences Love is supposed to follow marriage, not precede it to precede = to happen or exist before A survey was made to determine their attitudes toward love and marriage to determine = to find out They agree that it is unwise to confide in their wives to confide = to trust An Indian woman has to sacrifice more in a marriage than a man to sacrifice = to willingly stop having something you want A husband is obliged to tell his wife where he has been obliged = having a duty to something Task Answer the following questions What are the four key values in the survey? They are: Trust on building love; Physical attractiveness; Confiding; Partnership of equals Who are much more concerned with physical attractiveness when choosing a wife or a husband, the young Americans or the young Asians? The Americans were much more concerned than the Indians and Chinese with physical attractiveness when choosing a wife or husband What are the Indian students’ attitudes on a partnership of equals? The Indian students agreed that “a woman has to sacrifice more in marriage than a man” Why does the American wife trust her husband to the right thing? The American wife, for example, trusts her husband to “do the right thing” because “he loves her” not because “he has to” What is the main finding of the survey? Young Asians are not as romantic as their American counterparts Discuss the question: What are the differences between a traditional Vietnamese family and a modern Vietnamese family? * Number of children * The house they like to have * The head of the family * Who works? TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN * Who takes care of the housework and children? * The income… B Listening Find out words relating to the key word "Wedding" groom bride Wedding cake ring Wedding And more champagne flowers Task Listen to the passage and fill in the missing information (mp3.2) The wedding day is carefully chosen by the groom’s parents The gifts are wrapped in _red papers The wedding ceremony starts in front of the _altar Food and drinks are served _at the wedding banquet The guests give the newly wedded couples envelopes containing wedding cards and _money gifts Task Listen again and answer the questions (mp3.2) What is the most important thing the groom’s family has to on the wedding day? What would the groom and the bride usually during the wedding ceremony? When the groom and the bride exchange their wedding rings? Where is the wedding banquet usually held? What the groom, the bride and their parents at the wedding banquet? What is the most important thing the groom’s family has to on the wedding day? -> The most important thing the groom’s family has to on the wedding day is to go to the bride’s house bringing a lot of gifts wrapped in red papers What would the groom and the bride usually during the wedding ceremony? -> They would pray, asking their ancestors’ permission to be married When the groom and the bride exchange their wedding rings? -> After the Master of Ceremony gave the wedding couple advice on starting a new family Where is the wedding banquet usually held? -> The wedding banquet is often scheduled at the groom and bride's home or at a hotel or a restaurant What the groom, the bride and their parents at the wedding banquet? -> They stop by each table to say thank to their guests Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội TOURIST: Can you tell me about wedding ceremonies in VN? TOURIST GUIDE: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese, not only to the couple involved, but also for the both families The wedding day is usually chosen carefully by the groom’s parents TOURIST: What does the groom’s family usually on the wedding day? TOURIST GUIDE: On the wedding day, the groom’s family and relatives go to the bride’s house bringing gifts wrapped in red paper The people who hold the trays of gifts are also carefully chosen TOURIST: Do you have someone in charge of the ceremony? And what does he during the wedding ceremony? TOURIST GUIDE: Yes, we have Master of Ceremonies who introduces the groom, the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families The wedding ceremony starts in front of the altar The bride and the groom would pray, asking their ancestors’ permission to get married The Master of Ceremonies gives the wedding couple advice on starting a new family The groom and the bride then exchange their wedding rings TOURIST: Where is the wedding banquet held? TOURIST GUIDE: Well, it depends Often the wedding banquet is held at the groom and bride’s home or at the hotel or a restaurant and all close relatives, friends, and neighbors are invited TOURIST: What kind of food and drinks are served? TOURIST GUIDE: Traditional food and beer or vine are served During the reception, the groom, bride, and their parents stop by each table to thank their guests The guests in return, will give envelopes containing wedding cards and money to the newly wedded couples along with their blessing TOURIST: Oh That’s very interesting Thank you TOURIST GUIDE: You’re welcome! C Speaking What are they doing? Can you guess where they are? In Viet Nam, people often kiss in public? Why or Why not? What about in America? Express your point of view using the words or expressions in the box Agreement Disagreement I think/ feel/ believe In my opinion, For me It's not true That's wrong I don't agree Example: TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE NGOẠI NGỮ 24H WWW.NGOAINGU24H.VN I think it is a good idea to have three or four generations living under one roof They can help each other a lot Below are some typical features of American culture Find out the corresponding features of Vietnamese culture American Vietnamese Two generations (parents and children) live in a home Old-aged parents live in nursing homes Three or even four generations live under one roof It is not polite to ask questions about age, marriage and salary Asking about age, marriage and salary is acceptable Americans can greet anyone in the family first A Vietnamese greets the head of the family or an older person first, then the younger ones Groceries are bought once a week Groceries are bought every day Christmas and New Year holidays are the most important Tet (Lunar New Year) is the most important Children sleep in their own bedrooms Children often sleep with their parents Elders live with children and are taken care by their sons D Writing • • • Do you know what it is in Vietnamese Do you often wear it? Is it the symbol of Vietnamese girls/ women? leaf rim ribs strap Write a passage of about 150 words about the conical leaf hat of Vietnam, using the outline and information below Đăng ký học: 0962 60 8801 – 04 6260 3948 Địa chỉ: Số 18 Trần Đại Nghĩa – Q Hai Bà Trưng – Hà nội Introduction: − symbol of Vietnamese girls/women − part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation Main body: Materials Shape and size Process − special kind of bamboo and young/soft palm leaves − conical form − diameter: 45 − 50 cm; 25− 30 cm high − covering the form with leaves/sewing leaves around ribs Conclusion: − protecting people from sun/rain − girls/women look pretty/ attractive Example passage: The conical hat is one of the typical features (symbols) of the Vietnamese culture because it cannot be found from anywhere else in the world The leaf hat is not only a symbol of Vietnamese girls (women), but has also become part of the spirit of the Vietnamese nation The hat is made from a special kind of bamboo and young and soft palm leaves The rims are shaped into conical form The diameter of the hat is about 40 - 45 cm and it is about 25 - 30 cm high The form is covered with the palm leaves, which are then sewed into all rims Finally, the hat is trimmed and painted with a coat of attar oil The leaf hat is used like an umbrella to protect people from sun or rain Beneath the broad rims of the leaf hat, the girls and women look pretty and attractive TYPE THE DOCUMENT TITLE