Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh - Tài liệu giới từ phần 2
Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP GIỚI TỪ (P2) I Tóm tắt giảng Giới từ địa điểm AT + địa điểm cụ thể, xác định (specific): at school (ở trường), at work (ở nơi làm việc), at the bridge (ở cầu), at the cross roads (ở ngã tư), at the bus stop (tại bến xe bus) IN + a country / city / square / a forest In the water / the river at the sea: IN / INTO: come into : vào bên ON / ONTO The cat jumped onto the table (Con mèo nhảy lên bàn.) They stepped onto the boat (Họ bước lên thuyền.) ABOVE / OVER / UNDER / BELOW / BENEATH - ABOVE / OVER dùng giống hầu hết trường hợp Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP - ON: bề mặt, ABOVE / OVER: quãng We live above them (Chúng sống họ.) The plane is flying above our heads As was stated above…(Như nói … ) - OVER mang nghĩa trùm lên Ví dụ: We put a rug over us (Chúng phủ chăn lên người.) - BENEATH: tầng lớp, địa vị - IN / INSIDE: trong, bên BETWEEN: vật & AMONG: dùng không xác định có vật Lưu ý: Between dùng có nhiều vật Luxembourg lies between Belgium, Germany and France He was happy to be among his friends again Không dùng “among” , “between” cấp so sánh, mà dùng “of all”: Of all the studnents, he is the tallest Besides: Ngoài I all the cooking and besides that, I help Tom study for the exam Near (prep)& Near by (adj, adv) - We study at the school near the stadium (Chúng học gần sân vận động.) - How about having dinner at a nearby restaurant? - How about having dinner at a restaurant nearby ? By / with He made the cake by hand He cut the cake with a knife You should bring a computer with you (Bạn nên mang theo môt máy tính.) Vị trí giới từ Giới từ + Động từ: Whom are you talking to? = To whom are you talking? (Bạn nói chuyện với ai.) Which drawer does he keep it in? (Anh ta giữ ngăn kéo nào.) The man whom you are talking to is my father = The man to whom you are talking is my father Nhắc lại: Nếu dùng “that” bỏ đại từ quan hệ không đưa giới từ “to” lên trước Giới từ to / for + tân ngữ gián tiếp người I gave him a book →I gave a book to him I bought him a cake → I bought a cake for him But / Except: Ngoại trừ Hay với cụm : Nobody, None, nothing, nowhere Nobody but Tom knew the way (Không có trừ Tom biết đường đi.) Nobody knew the way except Tom Except for / Apart from: ngoại trừ Apart from Jane, everyone knew the answer You can park your car everywhere except here II Bài nhà Exercise Complete the sentences Use in, at or on + the following: the window your coffee the mountains that tree my guitar the river the island the next garage Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP Look at those people swimming One of the strings …… is broken There's something wrong with the car We'd better stop …… Would you like sugar ……….? The leaves …… are a beautiful colour Last year we had a wonderful skiing holiday …… There's nobody living ……… It's uninhabited He spends most of the day sitting …… and looking outside Exercise Complete the sentences with in, at or on There was a long queue of people … the bus stop Nicola was wearing a silver ring … her little finger There was an accident … the crossroads this morning I wasn't sure whether I had come to the right office There was no name … the door There are some beautiful trees … the park You'll find the sports results … the back page of the newspaper I wouldn't like an office job I couldn't spend the whole day sitting …… a desk My brother lives … a small village … the south-west of England The man the police are looking for has a scar … his right cheek 10 The headquarters of the company are … Milan 11 I like that picture hanging … the wall … the kitchen 12 If you come here by bus, get off … the stop after the traffic lights Exercise Complete the sentences Use in, at or on + the following: the west coast the world the back of the class the sky the front row the right the back of this card the way to work It was a lovely day There wasn't a cloud ……… In most countries people drive …… What is the tallest building ………….? I usually buy a newspaper ……… in the morning San Francisco is … of the United States We went to the theatre last night We had seats ……… I couldn't hear the teacher She spoke quietly and I was sitting ………… I don't have your address Could you write it ……….? Exercise Complete the sentences with in, at or on Write your name …… the top of the page Is your sister …… this photograph? I don't recognise her I didn't feel very well when I woke up, so I stayed … bed We normally use the front entrance to the building, but there's another one … the back Is there anything interesting …… the paper today? There was a list of names, but my name wasn't … the list …… the end of the street, there is a path leading to the river I love to look up at the stars … the sky at night When I'm a passenger in a car, I prefer to sit … the front 10 It's a very small village You probably won't find it …… your map Moon.vn Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP 11 Joe works … the furniture department of a large store 12 Paris is … the river Seine 13 I don't like cities I'd much prefer to live … the country 14 My office in …… the top floor It's … the left as you come out of the lift 15 We went to a concert …… the Royal Festival Hall 16 It was a very slow train It stopped … every station 17 My parents live … a small village about 50 miles from London 18 I haven't seen Kate for some time I last saw her … David's wedding 19 We stayed … a very nice hotel when we were … Amsterdam 20 There were fifty rooms … the hotel 21 I don't know where my umbrella is Perhaps I left it …… the bus 22 I wasn't in when you phoned I was … my sister's house 23 There must be somebody …… the house The lights are on 24 The exhibition …… the Museum of Modern Art finished on Saturday 25 Shall we travel …… your car or mine? 26 What are you doing … home? I expected you to be ……… work 27 'Did you like the film?’ "Yes, but it was too hot … the cinema.' 28 Paul lives … Birmingham He's a student … Birmingham Univer Exercise Put in to/at/in/into where necessary If no preposition is necessary, leave the space empty Three people were taken hospital after the accident I met Kate on my way home We left our luggage the station and went to find something to eat Shall we take a taxi the station or shall we walk? I have to go … the bank today to change some money The river Rhine flows … the North Sea 'Have you got your camera?' 'No, I left it … home.' Have you ever been … China? I had lost my key, but I managed to climb the house through a window 10 We got stuck in a traffic jam on our way ……… the airport 11 We had lunch …… the airport while we were waiting for our plane 12 Welcome … the hotel 'We hope you enjoy your stay here 13 We drove along the main road for about a kilometre and then turned … a narrow side street 14 Did you enjoy your visit … the zoo? 15 I'm tired As soon as I get … home I'm going … bed 16 Marcel is French He has just returned … France after two years … Brazil 17 Carl was born … Chicago, but his family moved … New York when he was three He still lives … New York KEY Exercise 1 in the river on that tree Exercise at on at Exercise on my guitar in the moutains on in at the next garage on the island on at in, in Moon.vn in your coffee at the window on 10 in 11 on, in 12 at Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98 Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP in the sky on the right in the world on the west coast in the front row at the back of the class Exercise at in in at in in in 10 on 11 in 12 on 15 at 16 at 17 in 18 at 19 at/in, in 22 at 23 in 24 at 25 in 26 at, at Exercise to no prep at to to to into 10 to 11 at 12 to 15 no prep, to 16 to, in 17 in, to, in Moon.vn on the way to work on the back of this card on 13 in 20 in 27 in At 14 on, on 21 on 28 in, at into 13 into at 14 to Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98