8 phuong phap giai hoa vo co luyen thi dai hoc

Cho lng cỏc nguyờn t ca cỏc nguyờn t: H=1; He=4; Be=9; C=12; N=14; O=16; F=19 ; Na=23; Mg=24; Al=27; P=31 ; S=32; Cl=35,5; K=39; Ca=40; Cr=52; Mn=55 ; Fe=56; Cu=64; Zn=65; Br=80; Ag=108; Ba=137; Sn=119; Pb=207 Phư ơng ưpháp BảO TOàN KHốI LƯợNG - VÔ CƠ Cõu 1: Cho 20 gam hn hp kim loi M v Al vo dung dch hn hp H 2SO4 v HCl ( s mol HCl gp ln s mol H2SO4) thỡ thu c 11,2 lớt H2 (ktc) v 3,4 gam kim loi d Lc ly phn dung dch ri em cụ cn thu c m gam mui khan Giỏ tr ca m l A 75,1 gam B 71,5 gam C 57,1 gam D 51,7 gam 2+ 2+ Cõu 2: Dung dch A cha: 0,15 mol Ca ; 0,6 mol Cl ; 0,1 mol Mg ; a mol HCO3- ; 0,4 mol Ba2+ Cụ cn dung dch A c cht rn B Nung B khụng khớ n lng khụng i thu c m gam cht rn khan Giỏ tr ca m l: A 90,1 B 105,5 C 102,2 D 127,2 Cõu 3: Cho 31,9 gam hn hp Al2O3, ZnO, FeO, CaO tỏc dng ht vi CO d, un núng thu c 28,7 gam hn hp X Cho X tỏc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lớt khớ H (ktc) V cú giỏ tr l: A 5,6 lớt B 11,2 lớt C 6,72 lớt D 4,48 lớt Cõu 4: Cho dung dch Ca(OH)2 d vo 100 ml dd Mg(HCO3)2 0,15M phn ng xong c m g kt ta Giỏ tr m l: A 0,87 B 2,37 C 3,87 D 2,76 Cõu 5: Nung núng hon ton 27,3 gam hn hp NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2 Hn hp khớ thoỏt c dn vo nc d thỡ thy cú 1,12 lớt khớ (ktc) khụng b hp th (lng O hũa tan khụng ỏng k) Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 hn hp ban u l: A 4,4 gam B 18,8 gam C 28,2 gam D 8,6 gam Cõu 6: Chia 38,1 gam FeCl thnh phn, phn cú lng gp ln phn em phn phn ng ht vi dung dch KMnO4 d, mụi trng H2SO4 loóng, d, thu ly khớ thoỏt em ton b khớ ny phn ng ht vi phn 2, cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn Giỏ tr ca m l? A 29,640 B 28,575 C 24,375 D 33,900 Cõu 7: Cho 35,48 gam hn hp X gm Cu v FeCO vo dung dch HNO3 loóng, un núng v khuy u Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton thu c NO; 0,03 mol khớ CO 2; dung dch Y v 21,44 gam kim loi Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c lng cht rn khan l: A 38,82 g B 36,24 g C 36,42 g D 38,28 g Cõu 8: Hũa tan hon ton 80 gam hn hp X gm CuSO 4, FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 ú S chim 22,5% v lng nc c dung dch X Thờm NaOH d vo X, lc kt ta em nung khụng khớ n lng khụng i thu c cht rn Y, thi CO d qua Y thu c hn hp rn Z Bit cỏc phn ng xy hon ton Khi lng ca Z l: A 30 gam B 40 gam C 26 gam D 36 gam Cõu 9: Cho m gam hn hp kim loi gm Al, Mg, Zn phn ng ht vi dung dch H 2SO4 loóng, d thỡ thu c dung dch X cha 61,4 gam mui sunfat v 5m/67 gam khớ H Giỏ tr ca m l: A 20,10 B 13,40 C 10,72 D 17,42 Cõu 10: hũa tan hon ton 10 gam bt hn hp Fe, Mg, Zn cn 100 ml dung dch hn hp axit H2SO4 v HCl cú nng tng ng l 0,8M v 1,2M Sau phn ng xong, ly 1/2 -1- lng khớ sinh cho i qua ng s ng a gam CuO nung núng (phn ng hon ton) Sau phn ng kt thỳc ng cũn li 14,08 gam cht rn Khi lng a l A 25,20 gam B 15,20 gam C 14,20 gam D 15,36 gam Cõu 11: Hũa tan 64 gam hn hp mui gm CuSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, MgSO4 ú S chim 25% v lng vo nc c dung dch X Cho X tỏc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 va thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l A 116,5 B 233,0 C 149,5 D 50,0 Cõu 12: X l hn hp khớ H2 v N2 cú t i vi oxi bng 0,225 Dn X vo bỡnh kớn cú xỳc tỏc bt st un núng thỡ thu c hn hp khớ Y cú t i vi oxi bng 0,25 Hiu sut ca quỏ trỡnh tng hp NH3 l A 15% B 25% C 20% D 30% Cõu 13: Hũa tan 17 gam hn hp X gm K v Na vo nc c dung dch Y v 6,72 lớt H (ktc) trung hũa mt na dung dch Y cn dựng dung dch hn hp H 2SO4 v HCl (t l mol 1:2) Tng lng mui c to l A 20,65 gam B 14,97 gam C 42,05 gam D 21,025 gam Cõu 14: Hn hp A gm CuSO4, FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 cú % lng ca S l 22% Ly 50 gam hn hp A hũa tan vo nc v cho tỏc dng vi mt lng va dung dch NaOH thu c kt ta B Lc v nung B khụng khớ n lng khụng i c cht rn D Dn lung khớ CO d i qua D nung núng n phn ng hon ton ta c m gam cht rn E Giỏ tr ca m l A 19 B 18 C 17 D 20 Cõu 15: Hũa tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na, Na 2O, NaOH, Na2CO3 dung dch axit H2SO4 40% (va ) thu c 8,96 lớt hn hp khớ cú t i vi H bng 16,75 v dung dch Y cú nng 51,449% Cụ cn Y thu c 170,4 gam mui Giỏ tr ca m l A 50,4 B 23,8 C 50,6 D 37,2 Cõu 16: Cho 16 gam hn hp Al, Mg, Zn, Cu tỏc dng vi oxi d, thu c m gam hn hp oxit hũa tan m gam hn hp oxit ú cn 160 ml dung dch HCl 3,5M Giỏ tr m l A 27,6 B 20,48 C 18,24 D 24,96 Cõu 17: Hp th hon ton 0,336 lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) vo 200ml dung dch gm NaOH 0,1M v KOH 0,1M thu c dung dch X Cụ cn ton b dung dch X thu c bao nhiờu gam cht rn khan? A 2,58 gam B 2,22 gam C 2,31 gam D 2,44 gam Cõu 18: Mt hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 Ly m1 gam hn hp X cho vo ng s chu nhit, nung núng ri thi mt lung khớ CO i qua Ton b khớ sau phn ng c dn t t vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 19,7 gam kt ta trng Cht rn cũn li ng s cú lng l 19,20 gam gm Fe , FeO v Fe3O4 Giỏ tr ca m1 l A 23,2 gam B 20,8 gam C 22,0 gam D 23,6 gam Cõu 19: Cho 3,76 gam hn hp X gm Mg, Fe, Cu tỏc dng vi dung dch HNO d thu c 1,344 lớt khớ NO (ktc, sp kh nht) v dung dch Y Cho Y tỏc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l A 4,78 B 7,84 C 6,82 D 5,80 Cõu 20: Ho tan hon ton x gam hn hp gm NaI v NaBr vo nc thu c dung dch X Cho Br2 d vo X c dung dch Y Cụ cn Y thu c y gam cht rn khan Tip tc ho tan y gam cht rn khan trờn vo nc c dung dch Z Cho Cl2 d vo Z c dung dch T Cụ cn T thu c z gam cht rn khan Bit cỏc phn ng xy hon ton v 2y = x + z Phn trm lng ca NaBr hn hp ban u l A 7,3% B 3,7% C 6,7% D 4,5% -2- Phư ơng ưpháp BảO TOàN NGUYÊN Tố - VÔ CƠ Cõu 1: Ho tan hn hp X gm 0,1 mol Fe v 0,15 mol Fe2O3 vo dd HCl d c dd D Cho dd D tỏc dng vi NaOH d thu c kt ta Lc b kt ta, sch em nung khụng khớ n lng khụng i thu c m gam cht rn Y Giỏ tr ca m l: A 16,0g B 30,4g C 32,0g D 48,0g Cõu 2: un núng hn hp bt X gm 0,06 mol Al, 0,01 mol Fe 3O4; 0,015 mol Fe2O3 v 0,02 mol FeO mt thi gian Hn hp Y thu c sau phn ng c ho tan hon ton bng dd HCl d, thu c dd Z Thờm NH vo Z cho n d, lc kt ta T, em nung ngoi khụng khớ n lng khụng i thu c mg cht rn Giỏ tr ca m l: A 6,16g B 6,40g C 7,78g D 9,46g Cõu 3: Ly a mol NaOH hp th hon ton 2,64g khớ CO2, thu c ỳng 200ml dd X Trong dd X khụng cũn NaOH v nng ca ion CO32- l 0,1M a cú giỏ tr l: A 0,06 mol B 0,08 mol C 0,10 mol D 0,12 mol Cõu 4: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm x mol FeS v y mol Cu2S vo axit HNO3 (va ), thu c dd X (ch cha mui sunfat) v khớ nht NO T s x/y l: A 6/5 B 2/1 C 1/2 D 5/6 Cõu 5: Hn hp cht rn X gm 0,15 mol Fe2O3 v 0,1 mol Fe3O4 Ho tan hon ton X bng dd HCl d, thu c dd Y Cho NaOH d vo Y, thu c kt ta Z Lc ly kt ta, sch ri em nung khụng khớ n lng khụng i thỡ thu c cht rn cú lng l: A 32,0g B 16,0g C 64g D 48,0g Cõu 6: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,15 mol FeS v a mol Cu2S vo axit HNO3 (va ), thu c dd X (ch cha hai mui sunfat) v khớ nht NO Giỏ tr ca a l: A 0,06 B 0,04 C 0,12 D 0,075 Cõu 7: Ho tan hon ton 0,3 mol hn hp gm Al v l 4C3 vo dd KOH (d), thu c x mol hn hp khớ v dd X Sc khớ CO (d) vo dd X, lng kt ta thu c l 46,8g Giỏ tr ca x l: A 0,55 B 0,60 C 0,40 D 0,45 Cõu 8: Ho tan hon ton mg oxit FexOy bng dd H2SO4 c núng va , cú cha 0,075 mol H2SO4, thu c z gam mui v thoỏt 168 ml khớ SO2 (sn phm kh nht, o ktc) Oxit FexOy l: A FeO B Fe2O3 C Fe3O4 D FeO v Fe3O4 Cõu 9: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,54 gam bt nhụm v 2,04 gam bt Al 2O3 dd NaOH d thu c dd X Cho CO2 d tỏc dng vi dd X thu c kt ta Y, nung Y nhit cao n lng khụng i thu c cht rn Z Bit hiu sut cỏc phn ng u t 100% Khi lng ca Z l: A 2,04g B 2,31g C 3,06g D 2,55g Cõu 10: Dung dch X gm Na2CO3, K2CO3, NaHCO3 Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau: - Phn tỏc dng vi nc vụi d c 20g kt ta Phn tỏc dng vi dd HCl d c V lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) Giỏ tr ca V l: A 2,24 B 4,48 C 6,72 D 3,36 Cõu 11: hn hp X gm Fe2O3 0,1 mol; Fe3O4 0,1 mol; FeO 0,2 mol; Fe 0,1 mol Cho X tỏc dng dd HNO3 loóng d ch sinh NO l sn phm kh nht ca N +5 S mol HNO3 cn dựng l: -3- A 2,6 B C 2,3 D 2,4 Cõu 12: Hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v CuO Cho H2 d i qua 6,32g hn hp X nung núng n phn ng hon ton thu c rn Y v 1,62g H 2O Cho Y tỏc dng ht vi dd HNO 2M thu c 2,24 lớt NO v NO2 (ktc) Th tớch dd HNO3 2M ti thiu cn dựng (ml) l: A 130 B 145 C 80 D 95 Cõu 13: Hũa tan hon ton mg hn hp Al v Ba vi s mol bng vo nc c dd X Cho t t dd HCl 0,5M vo dd X n lng kt ta t giỏ tr ln nht thỡ dựng ht 200 ml Giỏ tr ca m l: A 8,2g B 16,4g C 13,7g D 9,55g Cõu 14: Sc 3,36 lớt CO2(ktc) vo 400 ml dd cha Na2CO3 0,4M v NaOH 0,25M thu c dd X Cho dd BaCl2 d vo dd X thu c kt ta Lc kt ta v em nung n lng khụng i thu c m gam cht rn Tớnh m? A 21,67g B 16,83g C 71,91g D 48,96g Cõu 15: Nung 44g hn hp X gm Cu v Cu(NO 3)2 bỡnh kớn cho n phn ng xy hon ton thu c cht rn Y mu en Y tan ht cn va 600 ml dd H 2SO4 0,5M(loóng) Thnh phn % lng Cu cú hn hp X l: A 14,55% B 21,82% C 29,09% D 16,82% Cõu 16: Hũa tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Na 2O v Al2O3 vo H2O thu c dd Y ch cha chõt tan nht Cho dd cha 0,12 mol HCl vo dd Y thu c 3,12 gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l: A 4,92g B 9,84g C 7,38g D 2,46g Cõu 17: t chỏy hon ton hn hp gm FeS v Ag2S vi s mol bng thu c 3,696 lớt SO2 (ktc) v cht rn B Cho B tỏc dng vi H2SO4 loóng d, sau phn ng hon ton thy cũn li m gam cht rn khụng tan Giỏ tr ca m l: A 11,88 gam B 13,64 gam C 17,16 gam D 8,91gam Cõu 18: Ho tan m gam hn hp X gm m Ure v NH 4NO3 vo lng d dung dch Ca(OH)2 un núng Sau kt thỳc phn ng thu c gam kt ta v thoỏt 4,256 lớt khớ Phn trm lng ca Ure X l A 12,91% B 87,09% C 91,53% D 83,67% Cõu 19: Cho dung dch NaOH d vo 100 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(HCO 3)2 0,5M v BaCl2 0,4M thỡ thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l : A 9,85 gam B 17,73 gam C 14,775 gam D 19,7gam Cõu 20: Cho 23,4 gam hn hp X gm Fe v FeO tỏc dng vi dung dch H 2SO4 c, un núng v khuy u Sau phn ng xy hon ton thu c dung dch Y ch cha cht tan FeSO4 v 5,04 lớt (ktc) khớ SO2 (sn phm kh nht) S mol H2SO4 ó phn ng l A 0,6 B 0,375 C 0,675 D 0,4 -4- Phư ơng ưpháp BảO TOàN ĐIệN TíCH Cõu 1: Chia hn hp X gm kim loi cú hoỏ tr khụng i thnh hai phn bng Phn 1: Ho tan hon ton bng dd HCl d thu c 1,792 lớt H2 (ktc) Phn 2: Nung khụng khớ d, thu c 2,84g hn hp rn ch gm cỏc oxit Khi lng hn hp X l: A 1,56g B 1,8g C 2,4g D 3,12g Cõu 2: Cho hn hp X gm x mol FeS v 0,045 mol Cu2S tỏc dng va vi HNO3 loóng, un núng thu c dd ch cha mui sunfat ca cỏc kim loi v gii phúng khớ NO nht Giỏ tr ca x l: A 0,045 B 0,09 C 0,135 D 0,18 2+ 2+ 2+ Cõu 3: Dung dch X cú cha ion : Mg , Ba , Ca , 0,1 mol Cl v 0,2 mol NO-3 Thờm dn V lớt dd K2CO3 1M vo X n c lng kt ta ln nht thỡ giỏ tr V ti thiu cn dng l: A 150 ml B 300 ml C 200 ml D 250 ml Cõu 4: ho tan hon ton 20g hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 cn va 700 ml dd HCl 1M thu c dd X v 3,36 lớt H (ktc) Cho NaOH d vo dd X ri ly ton b kt ta thu c em nung khụng khớ n lng khụng i thỡ lng cht rn thu c l: A 8g B 16g C 24g D 32g Cõu 5: Dựng CO kh hon ton 2,88 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 thu c 2,24 gam cht rn Mt khỏc cựng lng hn hp X trờn tỏc dng va vi 100ml dung dch HCl thu c 224 ml khớ (ktc) Nng mol/l ca dung dchHCl l A 0,8M B 1M C 1,6M D 0,5M Cõu 6: Hũa tan ht 26,5 gam hn hp bt gm Mg, Al, Al 2O3 v MgO bng 800 ml dd hn hp gm HCl 0,5M v H2SO4 0,75M (va ) Sau phn ng thu c dd X v 4,48 lớt khớ H2 ( ktc) Cụ cn dung dch X thu c lng mui khan l A 88,7 gam B 95,2 gam C 86,5 gam D 99,7 gam Cõu 7: Cho m gam hn hp Cu, Zn, Mg tỏc dng hon ton vi dd HNO loóng, d Cụ cn cn thn dd thu c sau phn ng thu c m + 62 gam mui khan Nung hn hp mui khan trờn n lng khụng i thu c cht rn cú lng l: A m + gam B m + gam C m + 16 gam D m + 32 gam Cõu 8: Cho m gam Fe tỏc dng ht vi dung dch cha y mol CuSO v z mol H2SO4 loóng, sau phn ng hon ton thu c khớ H 2, m gam Cu v dung dch ch cha mt cht tan nht Mi quan h gia y v z l A y = 7z B y = 5z C y = z D y = 3z 2+ + Cõu 9: Dung dch X cha 0,025 mol CO ; 0,1 mol Na ; 0,25 mol NH4 v 0,3 mol Cl- Cho 270 ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,2 M vo v un núng nh (gi s H 2O bay hi khụng ỏng k) Tng lng dd X v dd Ba(OH)2 sau quỏ trỡnh phn ng gim i l: A 4,215g B 5,296g C 6,761g D 7,015g -5- Cõu 10: Hũa tan hon ton 17,88 gam hh X gm kim loi kim v kim loi kim th vo nc thu c dd C v 5,376 lit H ktc Dung dch D gm a mol H 2SO4 v 4a mol HCl Trung hũa 1/4 dd C cn va dd D thu c m gam mui giỏ tri ca m l: A 11,32 B 9,23 C 22,64 D 6,85 Cõu 11: Nhit phõn hon ton 100 gam hn hp X ( Cu(NO 3)2, Mg(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3 ) thu c bao nhiờu gam cht rn bit hn hp X cú cha 67,2 % lng oxi A 45,4 gam B 13,2 gam C 56,6 gam D 24,4 gam Cõu 12: Ho tan hon ton 74 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 bng dd H2SO4 loóng d sinh 178 gam mui sunfat Nu cng cho 74 gam hn hp X trờn phn ng vi lng d khớ CO nhit cao v dn sn phm khớ qua dd nc vụi d thỡ lng kt ta thu c l (cỏc phn ng xy hon ton) A 130 g B 150 g C 180 g D 240 g Cõu 13: Khi cho 7,15 gam hn hp kim loi gm Mg, Zn, Al vo dung dch H 2SO4 loóng (d) thu c 5,60 lớt khớ ( ktc) Khi lng mui clorua thu c cho 7,15 gam hn hp trờn tỏc dng hon ton vi khớ clo l A 26,80 gam B 24,90 gam C 16,03 gam D 25,12 gam 2+ + Cõu 14: Cú 400 ml dung dch X cha Ba , HCO ?, Na v 0,48 mol Cl Cho 100 ml dung dch X tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch NaHSO4 thu c 11,65 gam kt ta v 2,24 lớt khớ (ktc) Nu cụ cn 300 ml dung dch X cũn li thỡ thu c m gam cht rn khan Cỏc phn ng xy hon ton Giỏ tr ca m l A 43,71 B 50,61 C 16,87 D 47,10 Cõu 15: X l hn hp cỏc mui Cu(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, Mg(NO3)2 Trong ú O chim 9,6% v lng Nung 50 gam X bỡnh kớn khụng cú oxi n phn ng xy hon ton thu c m gam oxit Giỏ tr ca m l A 44,6 B 39,2 C 17,6 D 47,3 Cõu 16: Hũa tan hon ton hn hp gm x mol Hg2S v 0,04 mol FeS2 bng dung dch HNO3 m c, un núng, ch thu cỏc mui sunfat kim loi cú húa tr cao nht v cú khớ V lớt NO2 thoỏt (ktc) Tr s ca V l: A 17,92 lớt B 8,96 lớt C 20,16 lớt D 2,24 lớt 3+ 2+ Cõu 17: Dung dch X cha 0,02 mol Al ; 0,04 mol Mg ; 0,04 mol NO3 ; x mol Cl- v y mol Cu2+ Cho X tỏc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c 17,22 gam kt ta Mt khỏc, cho 170 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo X, thu c m gam kt ta Bit cỏc phn ng u xy hon ton Giỏ tr ca m l A 4,86 B 5,06 C 4,08 D 3,30 2+ 2+ Cõu 18: Mt cc nc cha a mol Ca , b mol Mg v c mol HCO3 Dựng V lớt dung dch Ca(OH)2 x mol/l kt ta lng cation cc Mi quan h gia V, a, b, x kt ta tt c cỏc ion dung dch l: A V = (a + 2b)/x B V = (2a + b)/x C V = (a + b)/x D V = (2a + 2b)/x Cõu 19: Cho 31,9 gam hn hp Al2O3, ZnO, FeO, CaO tỏc dng ht vi CO d, un núng thu c 28,7 gam hn hp X Cho X tỏc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lớt khớ H (ktc) V cú giỏ tr l: A 5,6 lớt B 11,2 lớt C 6,72 lớt D 4,48 lớt + + 22Cõu 20: Cú 500 ml dung dch X cha Na , NH4 , CO3 v SO4 Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl thu c 2,24 lớt khớ (ktc) Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2 thy cú 43 gam kt ta Ly 100 ml dung dch X cho tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH thu c 4,48 lớt khớ NH (ktc) Tng lng mui cú 500 ml dung dch X l A 23,8 gam B 119 gam C 43,1 gam D 86,2 gam -6- Phư ơng ưpháp BảO TOàN ELECTRON Cõu 1: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Fe v FeS tỏc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d thu c V lớt khớ (ktc) Mt khỏc nu cho m gam hn hp X vo dung dch HNO d, thu c dung dch Y ch cha mt mui nitrat nht v 2V lớt hn hp khớ (ktc) gm NO v SO Phn trm v lng ca Fe X l A 45,9% B 52,1% C 54,1% D 43,9% Cõu 2: Cho 22,72 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 phn ng ht vi dd HNO3 loóng d thu c V lớt khớ NO (duy nht ktc) v dung dch X Cụ cn dung dch X thu c 77,44 gam mui khan Giỏ tr ca V l A 2,24 B 2,688 C 4,48 D 5,6 Cõu 3: Ho tan hon ton 2,40 gam FeS2 dung dch H2SO4 c, núng (d) Ton b khớ thu c cho li vo dung dch brom d Khi lng brom (theo gam) tham gia phn ng l A 8,80 B 12,00 C 17,60 D 24,00 Cõu 4: Ho tan 7,68 g hn hp Fe 2O3 v Cu dung dch HCl axit ht ngi ta thy cũn li 3,2 gam Cu d Khi lng ca Fe2O3 ban u l A 4,48 gam B 4,84 gam C 3,2 gam D 2,3 gam Cõu 5: Dung dch X cha AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2 cú cựng nng mol Thờm mt lng hn hp gm 0,03 molAl v 0,05 mol Fe vo 100 ml dung dch X cho n phn ng kt thỳc thu c cht rn Y gm kim loi.Cho Y vo HCl d thy thoỏt 0,07g khớ Nng mol ca mui l A 0,45 M B 0,3 M C 0,4 M D 0,5 M Cõu 6: Trn 8,1 gam bt Al vi 10 gam Fe 2O3 ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhụm vi hiu sut 90% Hn hp sau phn ng c ho tan dung dch HNO loóng d thu c hn hp khớ NO, N2 theo t l mol l 2: Th tớch ca hn hp khớ ( ktc) l A 3,78 lớt B 2,016 lớt C 5,04 lớt D 1,792 lớt Cõu 7: Cho 0,5 gam hn hp X gm Li, Na, K vo nc thu c lớt dung dch cú pH = 12 Trn gam hn hp X v 5,4 gam bt Al ri cho vo nc n phn ng hon ton cú V lớt khớ thoỏt ra(ktc).Giỏ tr ca V l: A 11,648 B 8,064 C 10,304 D 8,160 Cõu 8: Cho hn hp gm 9,6 gam Cu v 5,6 gam Fe vo dung dch HNO3 loóng Khy u v phn ng xy hon ton, thy cú 3,136 lớt khớ NO l sn phm kh nht thoỏt ra( ktc) v cũn li m gam cht khụng tan Giỏ tr ca m l A 2,24 B 2,56 C 1,92 D 2,8 Cõu 9: Chia 31,2 gam hn hp X gm Cr, Zn, Ni, Al thnh hai phn bng Ho tan ht phn mt lng d dung dch HCl loóng, núng thu c 7,28 lớt H (ktc) Cho phn tỏc dng vi khớ Cl2 (d) t núng thu c 42,225 gam mui clorua Phn trm lng ca Cr hn hp X l A 26,04 % B 66,67% C 33,33% D 39,07% -7- Cõu 10: Nung núng m gam hn hp gm Al v CuO iu kin khụng cú khụng khớ Cho cht rn sau phn ng vo dung dch NaOH (d) thu c 672 ml khớ H v cht rn X Ho tan ht X dung dch HNO3 loóng (d) thy cú 448 ml khớ NO (cỏc phn ng xy hon ton v cỏc th tớch khớ o ktc) Giỏ tr m l: A 2,94 B 3,48 C 34,80 D 29,40 Cõu 11: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm z mol Fe 2O3 v t mol Fe3O4 vo dung dch HCl thu c dd X, sau ú cho thờm x mol Fe v y mol Cu vo dd X khụng thy khớ cú khớ bay khi bỡnh, dung dch thu c ch cha mui Mi quan h gia s mol cỏc cht l A x + y = 2z + 2t B x + y = 2z +3t C x + 2y = 2z + 2t D x + y = z + t Cõu 12: Hũa tan m gam Fe3O4 425 ml dung dch HCl 2,0 M, thu c mt dung dch X X lm mt mu 100 ml dung dch Br2 0,25 M Giỏ tr ca m : A 11,6 g B 46,4 g C 32,8 g D 23,2 g Cõu 13: Cho 11,2 lớt hn hp khớ A gm clo v oxi phn ng va ht vi 16,98g hn hp B gm magiờ v nhụm to 42,34g hn hp cỏc mui clorua v oxit hai kim loi % lng ca magiờ v nhụm hn hp B l A 77,74% v 22,26% B 48% v 52% C 43,15% v 56,85% D 75% v 25% Cõu 14: Cho 39,2 gam hn hp M gm Fe, FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3, CuO v Cu (trong ú oxi chim 18,367% v lng) tỏc dng va vi 850 ml dung dch HNO nng a mol/l, thu c 0,2 mol NO (sn phm kh nht ca N+5) Giỏ tr ca a l A 2,0 B 1,5 C 3,0 D 1,0 Cõu 15: Dn lung khớ CO i qua hn hp gm CuO, Fe 2O3, Al2O3 v ZnO un núng, sau mt thi gian thu c cht rn X v hn hp khớ Y Cho Y li chm qua bỡnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, kt thỳc phn ng thu c 49,25 gam kt ta Cho ton b X phn ng vi lng d dung dch H2SO4 c núng, kt thỳc cỏc phn ng thu c V lớt khớ SO (sn phm kh nht, ktc) Giỏ tr ca V l A 4,48 B 3,36 C 6,72 D 5,60 Cõu 16: Hũa tan ht 17,44 gam hn hp gm Fe, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, CuO, Cu, Mg, MgO (trong ú oxi chim 18,35% v lng) dung dch HNO3 loóng d, kt thỳc cỏc phn ng thu c dung dch Y v 0,56 lớt (ktc) hn hp khớ Z gm N2 v N2O T ca Z so vi H2 l 18,8 Cho dung dch NaOH ti d vo Y ri un núng, khụng cú khớ thoỏt S mol HNO3 ó phn ng vi X l A 0,67 B 0,47 C 0,57 D 0,37 Cõu 17: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v Cu tan hon ton dung dch H2SO4 loóng, d thu c dung dch X cha cht tan Thờm tip NaNO d vo dung dch X thy thoỏt 0,896 lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh nht ca NO3-, ktc) Giỏ tr m l A 13,92 gam B 13,12 gam C 10,56 gam D 11,84 gam Cõu 18: Cho 16 gam hn hp X gm Fe, Cu, Zn tỏc dng vi oxi thu c 19,2 gam cht rn Y Hũa tan hon ton Y dung dch H2SO4 c, núng d thy thoỏt V lớt khớ SO2 (ktc) SO2 l sn phm kh nht ca H2SO4 Cụ cn dung dch thu c 49,6 gam hn hp mui khan Giỏ tr ca V l: A 2,80 lớt B 4,48 lớt C 3,92 lớt D 3,36 lớt Cõu 19: Hũa tan hon ton m gam hn hp FeS2 v Cu2S dung dch HNO3 c núng thu c 11,2 lớt hn hp khớ gm NO v NO2 (ktc) cú t so vi H2 l 22,2; dung dch sau phn ng ch cha cỏc mui sunfat Giỏ tr ca m l A 6,86 B 5,6 C 6,0 D 6,72 Cõu 20: Cho hn hp gm m gam bt Cu v 27,84 gam Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 loóng d thy tan hon ton thu c dung dch X oxi húa ht Fe2+ dung dch X cn dựng 90 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,5M Giỏ tr ca m l: -8- A 3,36 gam Phư ơng ưpháp B 5,12 gam C 2,56 gam D 3,20gam TĂNG GIảM KHốI LƯợNG - VÔ CƠ Cõu 1: Cho m gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 tan H2SO4 loóng va c dung dch Y sut Chia Y lm phn bng Phn 1, cụ cn c 31,6 gam hn hp mui khan Phn 2, cho mt lung Cl2 d i qua cho n phn ng hon ton ri cụ cn c 33,375 gam hn hp mui khan Giỏ tr m l A 36,4 gam B 32,3 gam C 26,4 gam D 13,2 gam Cõu 2: Cho m gam Fe tan ht 400 ml dung dch FeCl 31M thu c dung dch Y; Cụ cn Y thu c 71,72 g cht rn khan ho tan m gam Fe cn ti thiu V lớt dung dch HNO3 1M v gii phúng khớ NO Giỏ tr ca V l A 540 ml B 480 ml C 160 ml D 320 ml Cõu 3: Cho m gam hn hp bt X gm Fe, Cu vo 600 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M Sau kt thỳc phn ng thu c dung dch Y gm mui (khụng cha AgNO3) cú lng gim 50 gam so vi ban u Giỏ tr ca m l A 64,8 B 17,6 C 114,8 D 14,8 Cõu 4: Nung núng mt hn hp gm CaCO3 v MgO ti lng khụng i, thỡ s gam cht rn cũn li ch bng 2/3 s gam hn hp trc nung Vy % theo lng ca CaCO3 hn hp ban u l A 75,76% B 24,24 % C 66,67 % D 33,33 % Cõu 5: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 800 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO 3)2 0,2M v H2SO4 0,25M Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, thu c 0,6m gam hn hp bt kim loi v V lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh nht, ktc) Giỏ tr ca m v V ln lt l A 10,8 v 4,48 B 17,8 v 4,48 C 17,8 v 2,24 D 10,8 v 2,24 Cõu 6: Hũa tan ht a gam hn hp X gm Fe v mt oxit st b gam dung dch H 2SO4 9,8% ( lng va ), sau phn ng thu c dung dch cha 51,76 gam hn hp hai mui khan Mt khỏc nu hũa tan ht a gam X bng dung dch H 2SO4 c núng thỡ thu c nht 58 gam mui Fe (III) Xỏc nh b ? A 370 B 500 C 220 D 420 Cõu 7: Hũa tan hon ton 104,25 gam hn hp X gm NaCl v NaI vo nc c dung dch Y Sc khớ Cl2 d vo dung dch Y Kt thỳc thớ nghim, cụ cn dung dch thu c 58,5 gam mui khan Khi lng NaCl cú hn hp X l A 17,55 gam B 58,50 gam C 29,25 gam D 23,40 gam Cõu 8: Hũa tan hờt 30,3 gam hn hp CuO, ZnO, Al 2O3, MgO 600ml dd HCl 2M (va ) Tớnh lng mui sinh A 57,9 gam B 57,3 gam C 53,7 gam D 63,3 gam Cõu 9: Ho tan hon ton 18,5 gam hn hp X gm oxit ca st bng dung dch H 2SO4 loóng d sinh 44,5 gam mui sunfat Nu cng cho 37 gam hn hp X trờn phn ng vi -9- lng d khớ CO nhit cao Sau phn ng, dn sn phm khớ qua dung dch nc vụi d thỡ lng kt ta to thnh l m(g) Giỏ tr ca m l (cỏc phn ng xy hon ton) A 90g B 120g C 65g D 75g Cõu 10: Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca cỏc kim loi hoỏ tr I v mui cacbonat ca kim loi hoỏ tr II dung dch HCl Sau phn ng thu c 4,48 lớt khớ (kc) em cụ cn dung dch thu c thỡ lng mui khan l A 13 gam B 15 gam C 26 gam D 30 gam Cõu 11: Cho hn hp A gm Al, Zn, Mg em oxi hoỏ hon ton 28,6 gam A bng oxi d thu c 44,6 gam hn hp oxit B Ho tan ht B dung dch HCl thu c dung dch D Cụ cn dung dch D c hn hp mui khan cú lng l A 99,6 gam B 49,8 gam C 74,7 gam D 100,8 gam Cõu 12: Hũa tan hon ton 2,21 gam hn hp gm Al v Fe bng lng va dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch X cha 7,18 gam mui Cho X tỏc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO d, thu c m gam cht rn Giỏ tr ca m l A 20,09 B 23,68 C 22,79 D 13,55 Cõu 13: em hũa tan hon ton m gam Mg dung dch cha ng thi a mol H 2SO4 v b mol HCl, sau phn ng hon ton thu c dung dch cha mui cú tng lng l 4,1667m Thit lp biu thc liờn h gia s mol ca axit: A b= 8a B b= 4a C b= 7a D b= 6a Cõu 14: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 200 ml dung dch hn hp A cha H2SO4 1M, Fe(NO3)3 0,5M v CuSO4 0,25M Khuy u cho n phn ng kt thỳc thu c 0,75m gam cht rn Giỏ tr ca m l: A 43,2 gam B 56 gam C 33,6 gam D 32 gam Cõu 15: Chia 156,8 gam hn hp L gm FeO, Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 thnh hai phn bng Cho phn th nht tỏc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d c 155,4 gam mui khan Phn th hai tỏc dng va vi dung dch M l hn hp HCl, H 2SO4 loóng thu c 167,9 gam mui khan S mol ca HCl dung dch M l A 1,75 mol B 1,80 mol C 1,50 mol D 1,00 mol Cõu 16: Cho mg hn hp bt Zn v Fe vo lng d dd CuSO Sau kt thỳc cỏc phn ng, lc b phn dd thu c mg bt rn Thnh phn % theo lng ca Zn hn hp ban u l: A 90,28% B 85,30% C 82,20% D 12,67% Cõu 17: Tin hnh thớ nghim: - TN1: Cho mg bt Fe d vo V1 lớt dd Cu(NO3)2 1M - TN2: Cho mg bt Fe d vo V2 lớt dd AgNO3 0,1M Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, lng cht rn thu c thớ nghim u bng Giỏ tr ca V1 so vi V2 l: A V1=V2 B V1=10V2 C V1=5V2 D V1=2V2 Cõu 18: Nung mt hn hp rn gm a mol FeCO v b mol FeS2 bỡnh kớn cha khụng khớ d Sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, a bỡnh v nhit ban u thu c cht rn nht Fe2O3 v hn hp khớ Bit ỏp sut bỡnh trc v sau phn ng bng V sau cỏc phn ng lu hunh mc oxh +4, th tớch cỏc cht rn l khụng ỏng k Mi liờn h gia a v b l: A a = 0,5b B a = b C a = 4b D a = 2b Cõu 19: Nung 47,40g KMnO4 mt thi gian thy cũn li 44,04g cht rn % lng KMnO4 ó b nhit phõn l: A 50% B 70% C 80% D 65% Cõu 20: Dn t t hn hp khớ CO v H qua ng s ng 55,4g hn hp bt CuO, MgO, ZnO, Fe3O4 un núng Sau phn ng xy hon ton thu c 10,08 lớt (ktc) hn hp khớ v hi ch cha CO2 v H2O Khi lng cht rn cũn li ng s l: - 10 - A 48,2g Phư ơng ưpháp B 36,5g C 27,9g D 40,2g PHƯƠNG PHáP ĐƯờNG CHéO 79 Cõu 1: Nguyờn t trung bỡnh ca Brom l 79,91 Brom cú hai ng v bn l 35 Br v 81 81 35 Br Thnh phn % s nguyờn t ca 35 Br l: A 54,5% B 55,4% C 45,5% D 44,6% 10 Cõu 2: Khi lng nguyờn t trung bỡnh ca Bo l 10,812 Hi mi cú 94 nguyờn t B 11 thỡ cú bao nhiờu nguyờn t B ? A 188 B 406 C 812 D 94 63 65 Cõu 3: Trong t nhiờn ng cú hai ng v l Cu v Cu Nguyờn t trung bỡnh ca ng l 63,54 Thnh phn % lng ca 63Cu CuSO4 l A 39,83% B 11% C 73% D 28,83% Cõu 4: Mt hn hp O2 v O3 ktc cú t hi vi H2 l 18 Thnh phn % v th tớch ca O3 hn hp l A 15% B 25% C 35% D 45% Cõu 5: Th tớch dd HCl 10M v th tớch H2O cn dựng pha thnh 400ml dd 2M ln lt l: A 20ml v 380ml B 40ml v 360ml C 80ml v 320ml D 100ml v 300ml Cõu 6: Trn m1 gam dd NaOH 10% vi m2 gam dd NaOH 40% thu c 60g dd 20% Giỏ tr ca m1v m2 tng ng l: A 10g v 50g B 45g v 15g C 40g v 20g D 35g v 25g Cõu 7: Cn bao nhiờu lớt axit H2SO4 (D = 1,84 g/ml) v bao nhiờu lớt nc ct (D = g/ml) pha thnh lớt dd H2SO4 cú (D = 1,28 g/ml) A lớt v lớt B lớt v lớt C lớt v lớt D lớt v lớt Cõu 8: Ho tan 3,164 gam hn hp hai mui CaCO3 v BaCO3 bng dd HCl d, thu c 448 ml khớ CO2 (ktc) Thnh phn % s mol ca BaCO3 hn hp l: A 50% B 55 % C 60% D 65% Cõu 9: Nguyờn t trung bỡnh ca Rubii l 85,559 t nhiờn Rb cú hai ng v l 85 87 87 37 Rb v 37 Rb Thnh phn % s nguyờn t ca ng v 37 Rb l: A 72,05% B 44,10% C 55,90% D 27,95% 35 37 Cõu 10: Trong t nhiờn Clo cú hai ng v 17 Cl v 17 Cl Thnh phn % lng KClO4 l:(cho O = 16; Cl = 35,5; K = 39) A 6,25% B 6,32% C 6,41% D 6,68% - 11 - 37 17 Cl Cõu 11: Mt hn hp gm CO v CO2 ktc cú t i vi H2 l 18,2 Thnh phn % v th tớch ca CO2 hn hp l: A 45,0% B 47,5% C 52,5% D 55,0% Cõu 12: Ho tam mg Al bng dd HNO3 loóng thu c hn hp khớ NO v N 2O cú t so vi H2 bng 16,75 T l th tớch khớ NO : N2O hn hp l: A : B : C : D : Cõu 13: Cho hn hp FeS v FeCO3 tỏc dng ht dd HCl thu c hn hp khớ X cú t hi so vi H2 l 20,75 % lng ca FeS hn hp u l: A 20,18% B 79,81% C 75% D 25% Cõu 14: Ho tan hon ton 34,85g hn hp hai mui BaCO v Na2CO3 bng dd HCl, thu c 4,48 lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) S mol BaCO3 hn hp l: A 0,2mol B 0,15mol C 0,1mol D 0,05mol Cõu 15: Cho dung dch HCl cú pH=3 Hi phi pha thờm th tớch H2O bao nhiờu ln so vi th tớch dung dch ban u cú c dung dch HCl cú pH=5? A 999 B 100 C 99 D 1000 Cõu 16: Thờm 250 ml dd NaOH 2M vo 200 ml dd H 3PO4 1,5M Mui to thnh v lng tng ng l: A 14,2g Na2HPO4 v 32,8g Na3PO4 B 28,4g Na2HPO4 v 16,4g Na3PO4 C 12g NaH2PO4 v 28,4g Na2HPO4 D 24g NaH2PO4 v 14,2g Na2HPO4 Cõu 17: Ho tan 55g hn hp Na2CO3 v Na2SO3 vi lng va 500ml dd axit H 2SO4 1M thu c mt mui trung ho nht v hn hp khớ X Thnh phn % th tớch ca khớ CO l: A 80% B 70% C 60% D 50% Cõu 18: thu c dd HCl 30% cn ly a gam dd HCl 55% pha vi b gam dd HCl 15% T l a : b l: A : B : C : D : Cõu 19: Oxi húa hon ton V (lớt) SO2 ktc oxi khụng khớ to thnh SO3 cho ton b lng SO3 trờn vo dung dch H2SO4 10% thu c 100g dung dch H2SO4 20% Giỏ tr ca V l: A 3,36 (lit) B 2,4888 (lit) C 1,12(lit) D 1,422(lit) Cõu 20: Ho tan 28,4g pht (V) oxit 500 gam dung dch axit photphoric cú nng 9,8% Nng phn trm ca dung dch axit photphoric thu c l A 16,7 % B 17,6 % C 13,0 % D 14,7 % - 12 - Phư ơng ưpháp PHƯƠNG PHáP TRUNG BìNH-VÔ CƠ Cõu 1: Hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim A, B nm k tip cựng mt phõn nhúm chớnh Ly 6,2g X ho tan hon ton vo nc thu c 2,24lớt hiro ( ktc) A, B l hai kim loi: A Li, Na B Na, K C K, Rb D Rb, Cs Cõu 2: Ho tan 5,94g hn hp hai mui clorua ca hai kim loi A v B l hai kim loi thuc phõn nhúm chớnh nhúm II vo nc c 100ml dung dch X lm kt ta ht ion Cl - dung dch X ngi ta cho dung dch X tỏc dng vi dung dch AgNO thu c 17,22g kt ta Cụng thc hoỏ hc ca hai mui clorua ln lt l: A BeCl2, MgCl2 B MgCl2, CaCl2 C CaCl2, SrCl2 D SrCl2, BaCl2 Cõu 3: Hũa tan 4,68 gam hn hp mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi A,B k tip nhúm II A vo dung dch HCl d thu c 1,12 l CO2 (ktc) Xỏc nh A,B A Be v Mg B Mg v Ca C Ca v Sr D Sr v Ba Cõu 4: Cho 1,67g hn hp gm kim loi chu k liờn tip thuc nhúm II A tỏc dng ht vi dung dch HCl d thoat 0,672 lớt H2(ktc) Hai kim loi ú l? A Be v Mg B Mg v Ca C Sr v Ba D Ca v Sr Cõu 5: Ho tan ht 7,2 gam hn hp A gm mui cacbonat ca kim loi k tip phõn nhúm IIA bng dung dch H2SO4 loóng, thu c khớ B Cho ton b khớ B hp th ht bi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 15,76 gam kt ta Hai kim loi ban u l A Be v Mg B Mg v Ca C Ca v Sr D Sr v Ba Cõu 6: Ho tan 16,8g hn hp gm hai mui cacbonat v sunfit ca cựng mt kim loi kim vo dd HCl d, thu c 3,36 lớt hn hp khớ (ktc) Kim loi kim l: A Li B Na C K D Pb Cõu 7: Dung dch X cha 8,36g hn hp hiroxit ca kim loi kim trung ho X cn dựng ti thiu 500ml dd HNO 0,55M Bit hiroxit ca kim loi cú nguyờn t ln hn chim 20% s mol hn hp Kớ hiu hoỏ hc ca kim loi kim ln lt l: A Li v Na B Na v K C Li v K D Na v Cs 39 41 Cõu 8: Trong t nhiờn kali cú hai ng v 19 K v 19 K Thnh phn phn trm lng 39 ca 19 K KClO4 l (cho O = 16; Cl = 35,5; K = 39,13) A 26,39% B 26,30% C 28,23% D 28,16% Cõu 9: Ho tan hon ton 4,431g hn hp Al, Mg bng dd HNO loóng thu c dd X (khụng cha mui amoni) v 1,568 lớt (ktc) hn hp khớ khụng mu cú lng 2,59g, - 13 - ú cú mt khớ hoỏ nõu khụng khớ Cụ cn cn thn dd X thỡ lng mui khan thu c l: A 19,621g B 8,771g C 28,301g D 32,641g Cõu 10: Cho 1,9g hn hp mui cacbonat v hirocacbonat ca kim loi kim M tỏc dng ht vi dd HCl d, sinh 0,448 lớt khớ (ktc) Kim loi M l: A Li B Na C K D Rb Cõu 11: Ho tan hon ton 12,0g hn hp Fe, Cu (t l mol : 1) bng axit HNO thu c V lớt (ktc) hn hp khớ X (gm NO v NO 2) v dd Y (ch cha hai mui v axit d) T ca X i vi H2 bng 19 Giỏ tr ca V l: A 6,72 lớt B 4,48 lớt C 5,60 lớt D 3,36 lớt Cõu 12: Cho 1,7g hn hp Zn v kim loi X thuc nhúm IIA tỏc dng vi dd HCl d, sinh 0,672 lớt khớ H2(ktc) Mt khỏc, cho 1,9g X tỏc dng vi dd H 2SO4 loóng, d thỡ th tớch H2 sinh cha n 1,12 lớt (ktc) Kim loi X l: A Ba B Ca C Mg D Fe Cõu 13: Cho mg hn hp gm Na2CO3 v Na2SO3 tỏc dng ht vi dd H2SO4 loóng d thu c 2,24 lớt hn hp khớ (ktc) Hn hp khớ ny cú t so vi H l 27 Khi lng ca Na2CO3 hn hp ban u l: A 5,3g B 5,8g C 6,3g D 11,6g Cõu 14: Cho dung dch cha 3,99 gam hn hp gm hai mui ACl v BCl (A, B l hai nguyờn t cú t nhiờn, hai chu kỡ liờn tip thuc nhúm IA, s hiu nguyờn t ZA < ZB) vo dung dch AgNO3 (d), thu c 8,61 gam kt ta Hi ACl l cht no sau õy? A LiCl B NaCl C KCl D RbCl 63 65 Cõu 15: Trong t nhiờn ng cú hai ng v l Cu v Cu Nguyờn t trung bỡnh ca ng l 63,54 Thnh phn % lng ca 63Cu CuCl2 l (cho Cl = 35,5) A 12,64% B 26,77% C 27,00% D 34,19% Cõu 16: Hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim cú cựng s mol Ho tan 2,3 gam X 50 gam nc thu c 52,2 gam dung dch Hai kim loi kim ú l: A Li v Rb B Li v K C Na v K D Li v Na Cõu 17: Cho 29,5 gam hn hp hai mui sunfit v cacbonat ca mt kim loi kim tỏc dng vi 122,5 gam dung dch H2SO4 20% thu c dung dch X ch cha mt cht tan nht Nng phn trm ca cht tan dung dch X l A 18,20% B 26,30% C 25,72% D 27,10% Cõu 18: Hũa tan 16g hn hp gm CaCO3, KHCO3 dung dch HCl d Khớ sinh hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch X cha NaOH 1,5M v Ba(OH) 0,3M BaCl2 0,1 M; sau phn ng, lc, thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr m l: A 19,7 gam B 9,85 gam C 7,88 gam D 5,91 gam Cõu 19: Cho 8,3 gam hai kim loi kim k tip tỏc dng vi 100 gam dung dch HCl 3,65% thu c dung dch X Cho MgCl d vo dung dch X thỡ thu c 4,35 gam kt ta Hai kim loi ú l A K v Rb B Na v K C Li v Na D Rb v Cs Cõu 20: Ho tan hon ton 3,0g hn hp X gm kim loi kim k tip bng tun hon vo nc d thu c dd Y Trung ho ht Y cn dựng va 100ml dd HCl 1M Hai kim loi kim l: A Li v Na B Mg v Ca C Na v K D K v Rb - 14 - Phư ơng ưpháp PHƯƠNG PHáP QUY ĐổI - VÔ CƠ Cõu 1: Nung mg bt st ụxi, thu c 3,0g hn hp cht rn X Ho tan ht hn hp X dung dch HNO3 (d), thoỏt 0,56 lớt (ktc) NO (l sn phm kh nht) Giỏ Tr ca m l A 2,52 B 2,22 C 2,62 D 2,32 Cõu 2: Ho tan hon ton 30,4 gam rn X gm Cu, CuS, Cu 2S v S bng HNO3 d, thoỏt 20,16 lit NO nht (ktc) v dung dch Y Thờm Ba(OH) d vo Y thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l A 81,55 B 104,20 C 110,95 D 115,85 Cõu 3: Nung mg bt Cu ụxi, thu c 24,8 gam hn hp cht rn X gm Cu, CuO, Cu2O Ho tan hon ton X H2SO4 c núng thoỏt 4,48 lớt khớ SO2 nht (ktc) Giỏ tr m l: A 9,6 B 14,72 C 21,12 D 22,4 Cõu 4: Trn 5,6 gam bt st vi 2,4 gam bt lu hunh ri un núng (trong iu kin khụng cú khụng khớ) thu c hn hp rn M Cho M tỏc dng vi lng d dung dch HCl thy gii phúng hn hp khớ X v cũn li mt phn khụng tan Y t chỏy hon ton X v Y cn va V lớt khớ ụxi (ktc) Giỏ tr ca V l A 2,8 B 3,36 C 4,48 D 3,08 Cõu 5: ho tan hon ton 2,32 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe 3O4 v Fe2O3 (trong ú s mol FeO bng s mol Fe2O3), cn dựng va V lớt dung dch HCl 1M Giỏ tr ca V l A 0,08 B 0,16 C 0,18 D 0,23 Cõu 6: Cho 11,36 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe 3O4 v Fe2O3 phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 loóng d, thu c 1,344 lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh nht, ktc)v dung dch X Cụ cn dung dch X thu c mg mui khan Giỏ tr ca m l: A 49,09 B 38,72 C 35,50 D 34,36 Cõu 7: ễxi hoỏ chm mg Fe ngoi khụng khớ thu c 12g hn hp X gm FeO,Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 v Fe d Ho tan hon ton X HNO thu c 2,24 lớt NO(cht kh nht o ktc), giỏ tr ca m l A 7,57 B 7,75 C 10,08 D 10,80 - 15 - Cõu 8: t chỏy 6,72 gam Fe ngoi khụng khớ thu c m gam hn hp X gm FeO,Fe 3O4, Fe2O3 v Fe d ho tan X cn dựng va ht 255ml dung dch cha HNO 2M, thu c V lớt khớ NO2 (sn phm kh nht, ktc).Giỏ tr ca m v V l A 8,4 v 3,360 B 8,4 v 5,712 C 10,08 v 3,360 D 10,08 v 5,712 Cõu 9: hn hp X gm Mg, MgS, v S Ho tan hon ton m gam X HNO c, núng thu c 2,912 lớt khớ N2 nht (ktc) v dd Y Thờm Ba(OH)2 d vo Y c 46,55g kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l: A 4,8g B 7,2g C 9,6g D 12g Cõu 10: cho 18,5g hn hp X gm Fe v Fe3O4 vo 200ml dd HNO3 un núng Sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lớt khớ NO nht (ktc), dd Y v cũn li 1,46g kim loi cha tan nng mol ca dd HNO3 ó dựng l: A 2,7M B 3,2M C 3,5M D 2,9M Cõu 11: Ho tan hon ton mg hn hp X gm Fe, FeCl 2, FeCl3 H2SO4 c núng d thoỏt 4,48 lớt khớ SO (cht kh nht o ktc),v dung dch Y Thờm NH d vo Y thu c 32,1 gam kt ta giỏ tr m l: A 16,8 B 17,75 C 25,675 D 34,55 Cõu 12: Ho tan hon ton 34,8 gam ụxit FexOy bng dd H2SO4 c núng Sau phn ng thu c 1,68 lớt khớ SO2 (cht kh nht o ktc), v dung dch X Cụng thc tớnh oxit v lng mui cú dung dch X ln lt l A FeO v 180 gam B Fe3O4 v 90 gam C FeO v 90 gam D Fe3O4 v 180 gam Cõu 13: Ho tan hon ton 25,6 gam cht rn X gm Fe, FeS, FeS v S bng dung dch HNO3 d, thoỏt V lớt khớ NO( sn phm kh nht, o ktc) Thờm Ba(OH) d vo Y thu c 126,25 gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca V l A 17,92 B 19,04 C 24,64 D 27,58 Cõu 14: Cho hn hp X gm FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 vi s mol bng Ly a gam X cho phn ng vi CO nung núng, sau phn ng bỡnh cũn li 16,8 gam hn hp rn Y Ho tan hon ton Y H2SO4 c, núng, d thu c 3,36 lớt khớ SO2 nht (ktc), Giỏ tr ca a v s mol H2SO4 ó phn ng ln lt l A 19,20 v 0,87 B 19,20 v 0,51 C 18,56 v 0,87 D 18,56 v 0,51 Cõu 15: Ho tan hon ton 14,52 gam hn hp X gm NaHCO 3, KHCO3 v MgCO3 bng dung dch HCl d, thu c 3,36 lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) Khi lng mui KCl to thnh l A 8,94gam B 16,17 gam C 7,92 gam D 11,79 gam Cõu 16: Cho 13,92 gam hn hp X gm Cu v ụxit st vo dung dch HNO loóng d thu c 2,688 lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh nht, ktc) Cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 42,72 gam mui khan Cụng thc ca ụxit st l A FeO B Fe3O4 C Fe2O3 D Fe3O4 huc FeO Cõu 17: Cho 9,12 gam hừn hp gm FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 tỏc dng vi dung dch HCl d sau cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, c dung dch Y Cụ cn dung dch Y thu c 7,62 gam FeCl2 v m gam FeCl3 Giỏ tr ca m l A 4,875 B 9,60 C 9,75 D 4,80 Cõu 18: Ho tan hon ton 2,44 gam hn hp bt X gm Fe xOy v Cu bng dung dch H2SO4 c núng (d) Sau phn ng thu c 0,504 lớt khớ SO (sn phm kh nht, ktc) v dung dch cha 6,6 gam hn hp mui sunfat Phn trm lng ca Cu X l A 26,23% B 39,34% C 65,57% D 13,11% Cõu 19: Cho 45,0 gam hn hp bt Fe v Fe 3O4 vo V lớt dung dch HCl 1M, khuy u cỏc phn ng xy hon ton, thy thoỏt 4,48 lớt khớ (ktc) v 5,0 gam kim loi khụng tan (cho bit th t t trỏi sang phi ca cỏc cp oxi húa-kh dóy in húa nh sau: Fe2+/Fe ; H+/H2 ; Fe3+/Fe2+ ) Giỏ tr ca V l - 16 - A 1,4 lớt B 0,4 lớt C 0,6 lớt D 1,2 lớt Cõu 20: Cho gam hn hp gm Mg, Al, Fe, Zn tỏc dng vi dd hn hp HCl v H 2SO4 (long, d) gii phúng 0,1 gam khớ Cng gam hn hp cc kim loi trờn tỏc dng vi khớ Cl2 (d), thu c 5,763 gam hn hp mui Phn trm lng ca Fe hn hp ó cho l: A 22,4% B 16,8% C 8,4% D 19,2% AP AN PHUONG PHAP GIAI BAI TAP HOA 10, 11, 12 PP1 BTKL - Vễ CO PP2 BTNT-Vễ CO C C A D D B C B B D D D C B C C B C 10 B 10 B 11 C 11 A 12 B 12 A 13 D 13 A 14 C 14 B 15 C 15 A 16 B 16 A 17 C 17 A 18 B 18 B 19 C 19 B 20 B 20 A PP3 BTT PP4 BT ELECTRON D A B B A D C C - 17 - B C A A B C A B C C 10 B 10 B 11 D 11 D 12 A 12 A 13 B 13 A 14 B 14 A 15 A 15 D 16 A 16 A 17 C 17 D 18 A 18 D 19 D 19 C 20 B 20 A PP5 TGKL-Vễ CO PP6 PP .CHEO C C D B D D A B C C A C C B D C C D 10 C 10 D 11 A 11 C 12 C 12 D 13 A 13 A 14 A 14 B 15 B 15 C 16 A 16 C 17 A 17 A 18 B 18 B 19 B 19 B 20 A 20 A PP7 PPTB-Vễ CO PP8 QUY I-VC B A B C B D D A B A - 18 - B B C C B A C C 10 B 10 B 11 C 11 D 12 B 12 B 13 A 13 C 14 B 14 D 15 D 15 A 16 B 16 A 17 C 17 C 18 C 18 A 19 B 19 D 20 C 20 B - 19 - [...]... l: A 22,4% B 16 ,8% C 8, 4% D 19,2% AP AN 8 PHUONG PHAP GIAI BAI TAP HOA 10, 11, 12 PP1 BTKL - Vễ CO PP2 BTNT-Vễ CO 1 C 1 C 2 A 2 D 3 D 3 B 4 C 4 B 5 B 5 D 6 D 6 D 7 C 7 B 8 C 8 C 9 B 9 C 10 B 10 B 11 C 11 A 12 B 12 A 13 D 13 A 14 C 14 B 15 C 15 A 16 B 16 A 17 C 17 A 18 B 18 B 19 C 19 B 20 B 20 A PP3 BTT PP4 BT ELECTRON 1 D 1 A 2 B 2 B 3 A 3 D 4 C 4 C - 17 - 5 B 5 C 6 A 6 A 7 B 7 C 8 A 8 B 9 C 9 C 10... 1 ,84 g/ml) v bao nhiờu lớt nc ct (D = 1 g/ml) pha thnh 9 lớt dd H2SO4 cú (D = 1, 28 g/ml) A 2 lớt v 7 lớt B 3 lớt v 6 lớt C 4 lớt v 5 lớt D 6 lớt v 3 lớt Cõu 8: Ho tan 3,164 gam hn hp hai mui CaCO3 v BaCO3 bng dd HCl d, thu c 4 48 ml khớ CO2 (ktc) Thnh phn % s mol ca BaCO3 trong hn hp l: A 50% B 55 % C 60% D 65% Cõu 9: Nguyờn t khi trung bỡnh ca Rubii l 85 ,559 trong t nhiờn Rb cú hai ng v l 85 87 87 ... A 15 A 15 D 16 A 16 A 17 C 17 D 18 A 18 D 19 D 19 C 20 B 20 A PP5 TGKL-Vễ CO PP6 PP .CHEO 1 C 1 C 2 D 2 B 3 D 3 D 4 A 4 B 5 C 5 C 6 A 6 C 7 C 7 B 8 D 8 C 9 C 9 D 10 C 10 D 11 A 11 C 12 C 12 D 13 A 13 A 14 A 14 B 15 B 15 C 16 A 16 C 17 A 17 A 18 B 18 B 19 B 19 B 20 A 20 A PP7 PPTB-Vễ CO PP8 QUY I-VC 1 B 1 A 2 B 2 C 3 B 3 D 4 D 4 A 5 B 5 A - 18 - 6 B 6 B 7 C 7 C 8 B 8 A 9 C 9 C 10 B 10 B 11 C 11 D 12... X l A 18, 20% B 26,30% C 25,72% D 27,10% Cõu 18: Hũa tan 16g hn hp gm CaCO3, KHCO3 trong dung dch HCl d Khớ sinh ra hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch X cha NaOH 1,5M v Ba(OH) 2 0,3M BaCl2 0,1 M; sau phn ng, lc, thu c m gam kt ta Giỏ tr m l: A 19,7 gam B 9 ,85 gam C 7 ,88 gam D 5,91 gam Cõu 19: Cho 8, 3 gam hai kim loi kim k tip nhau tỏc dng vi 100 gam dung dch HCl 3,65% thu c dung dch X Cho MgCl 2 d vo dung... hp u l: A 20, 18% B 79 ,81 % C 75% D 25% Cõu 14: Ho tan hon ton 34 ,85 g hn hp hai mui BaCO 3 v Na 2CO3 bng dd HCl, thu c 4, 48 lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) S mol BaCO3 trong hn hp l: A 0,2mol B 0,15mol C 0,1mol D 0,05mol Cõu 15: Cho dung dch HCl cú pH=3 Hi phi pha thờm th tớch H2O bao nhiờu ln so vi th tớch dung dch ban u cú c dung dch HCl cú pH=5? A 999 B 100 C 99 D 1000 Cõu 16: Thờm 250 ml dd NaOH 2M vo 200 ml dd... 19,20 v 0,51 C 18, 56 v 0 ,87 D 18, 56 v 0,51 Cõu 15: Ho tan hon ton 14,52 gam hn hp X gm NaHCO 3, KHCO3 v MgCO3 bng dung dch HCl d, thu c 3,36 lớt khớ CO2 (ktc) Khi lng mui KCl to thnh l A 8, 94gam B 16,17 gam C 7,92 gam D 11,79 gam Cõu 16: Cho 13,92 gam hn hp X gm Cu v 1 ụxit st vo dung dch HNO 3 loóng d thu c 2, 688 lớt khớ NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) Cụ cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 42,72 gam mui khan... khớ NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc).Giỏ tr ca m v V l A 8, 4 v 3,360 B 8, 4 v 5,712 C 10, 08 v 3,360 D 10, 08 v 5,712 Cõu 9: hn hp X gm Mg, MgS, v S Ho tan hon ton m gam X trong HNO 3 c, núng thu c 2,912 lớt khớ N2 duy nht (ktc) v dd Y Thờm Ba(OH)2 d vo Y c 46,55g kt ta Giỏ tr ca m l: A 4,8g B 7,2g C 9,6g D 12g Cõu 10: cho 18, 5g hn hp X gm Fe v Fe3O4 vo 200ml dd HNO3 un núng Sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lớt khớ... 2 d vo Y thu c 126,25 gam kt ta Giỏ tr ca V l A 17,92 B 19,04 C 24,64 D 27, 58 Cõu 14: Cho hn hp X gm FeO, Fe 2O3 v Fe3O4 vi s mol bng nhau Ly a gam X cho phn ng vi CO nung núng, sau phn ng trong bỡnh cũn li 16 ,8 gam hn hp rn Y Ho tan hon ton Y trong H2SO4 c, núng, d thu c 3,36 lớt khớ SO2 duy nht (ktc), Giỏ tr ca a v s mol H2SO4 ó phn ng ln lt l A 19,20 v 0 ,87 B 19,20 v 0,51 C 18, 56 v 0 ,87 D 18, 56... 1,5M Mui to thnh v khi lng tng ng l: A 14,2g Na2HPO4 v 32,8g Na3PO4 B 28, 4g Na2HPO4 v 16,4g Na3PO4 C 12g NaH2PO4 v 28, 4g Na2HPO4 D 24g NaH2PO4 v 14,2g Na2HPO4 Cõu 17: Ho tan 55g hn hp Na 2CO3 v Na2SO3 vi lng va 500ml dd axit H 2SO4 1M thu c mt mui trung ho duy nht v hn hp khớ X Thnh phn % th tớch ca khớ CO 2 l: A 80 % B 70% C 60% D 50% Cõu 18: thu c dd HCl 30% cn ly a gam dd HCl 55% pha vi b gam dd... ra 4, 48 lớt khớ SO 2 (cht kh duy nht o ktc),v dung dch Y Thờm NH 3 d vo Y thu c 32,1 gam kt ta giỏ tr m l: A 16 ,8 B 17,75 C 25,675 D 34,55 Cõu 12: Ho tan hon ton 34 ,8 gam 1 ụxit FexOy bng dd H2SO4 c núng Sau phn ng thu c 1, 68 lớt khớ SO2 (cht kh duy nht o ktc), v dung dch X Cụng thc tớnh oxit v khi lng mui cú trong dung dch X ln lt l A FeO v 180 gam B Fe3O4 v 90 gam C FeO v 90 gam D Fe3O4 v 180 gam