Section one

ENGLISH SYNTAX Semester 2016-2017 Teacher : Le Thi Thien Phuoc, M.A Section one WORD CLASSES Parts of speech, word classes & grammatical categories Classification of word classes 2.1 Major classes vs minor classes 2.2 English major classes 2.2.1 English form classes 2.2.2 English positional classes 2.3 English minor classes 2.4 Exercises Section one WORD CLASSES Parts of speech, word classes & grammatical categories Speech - phonemes - allophones - morphemes - allomorphs - phrases - sentences ➡ the term ‘parts of speech’: confusing Section one Parts WORD CLASSES of speech, categories word classes & grammatical Grammatical categories : a useful term implying that all tokens of a particular “part of speech” share important grammatical characteristics that other parts speech lack of Section one WORD CLASSES Parts of speech, word classes & grammatical categories Word classes: a simple yet valuable term Section one WORD CLASSES Classification of word classes 2.1 Major classes vs minor classes As divided by Kaplan (1989), words are of: * Major classes - nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs - have referential meaning - receptive to new members, hence open classes Referential meaning Involves reference to actual things, actions, events, or properties  Referential meaning CAT DUCK REFERENTIAL MEANING Happy Unhappy Major classes  Major class accept new members  E.g ... classes 2.3 English minor classes 2.4 Exercises Section one WORD CLASSES Parts of speech, word classes & grammatical categories Speech - phonemes - allophones - morphemes - allomorphs - phrases - sentences... that other parts speech lack of Section one WORD CLASSES Parts of speech, word classes & grammatical categories Word classes: a simple yet valuable term Section one WORD CLASSES Classification... allophones - morphemes - allomorphs - phrases - sentences ➡ the term ‘parts of speech’: confusing Section one Parts WORD CLASSES of speech, categories word classes & grammatical Grammatical categories