vật lý 10 hay nhất cần đọc

PHAN HAI NHIET HOC ko nhieu hien tugng lien quan den chuye'n ddng va tuong tac ciia cac phan tir Nhiet hoc la mdt 'trong nhung bp phan ciia Vat If hoc cd nhiem vu nghien ciru cac hien tugng Jau tnoi Cu-lum-Oi-a ;47 NHIET HOC ^ LIJC HOC ^?k r u A T L O N G 148 CHUONG V Chat Chuong nghien ciru tfnh chat cua chat khf va cac qua trinh bie'n ddi trang thai ciia chat khf Ca'u tao chat Thuydt ddng hoc phan tir chat khf Khi li tudng Cac qua tnnh Lien ddi trang thdi cua kh; i,' tudng va cac dinh luat tuong ifng PhU'Jng trinh trang thai ciia li tudng Khinh cau dung tronq nghien cUu u/anq thuv van 149 C A U TAO CHAT THUYET DONG HOC PHAN TU CHAT KHI I - CAU TAO CHAT Nudc da nudc va hai nudc ddu dugc eau tao tir Cling mdt loai phan tir la phan tir nudc Nhung tai nudc da lai cd thd tfch va hinh dang ridng, nude cd thd tfch ridng nhimg hinh dang lai la hinh dang ciia binh chua, cdn hai nudc thi khdng cd ed thd tfeh ridng ldn hinh dang rieng (Hinh 28.1) ? Hmh 28.1 Nhung dieu da hoc ve cau tao chat ldp ta da bid't : — Cdc ehdi duqc cdu tqo tif cdc hqt rieng hiet Id phdn rr? " * ,• — Cdc phdn tif chuyen ddng khdng ngdng : Hinh 28.2 Anh chiip cac nguyen tCr silic qua kmh hien vi hien dai (ktnh hien vi Iqc nguyen td) — Cdc phdn tif chuyen dqng cdng nhanh thi nhiet ciia vdt cdng cao '-' Tuy nhidn, nd'u cac phan tir cau tao ndn vat chuyen ddng khdng ngimg thi tai vat (mdt hdn pha'n, mdt cai but chdng han ) lai khdng ra timg phan tir ridng bidt, ma cii giii: nguyen hinh dang va the tfch ciia chiing ? (1) Cae hgt can tao nen ehdt rdn vd cae tra Id cdc ngiiycn tic dtcac coi Id edc phdn tifdffn ni;iiycn tif Niiiccfi ta dd xdc dinh dicqe kich thuac vd khoi licern^ ctia phdn tic cdc ehdi khdc Phdn tie nuac chdiii; hgn cd kich thicde Id 4.10~^" tn vd khdi lican^i 2.9.10'-'' ki; Dc hinh dung diccrc kich ihicdc va khdi luqng cua phdn lie nhd he nhic the'ndo ta cd the diing hinh anh so sdnh sau ddy : Kich thuac vd khdi lihpig ciia qud cam so vcri idch thifdc vd khdi lifcmg ciia Trdi Dai thi' ndo thi kieh thifdc vd khdi liccrng ciia phan tie so vtxi kich ihicac vd khdi lifcmg eiia qua cam nhu ihe (2) O nhici dd phdng l27"C) cdc phdn tie hidro chiiyc'ti dong rdi van td'c khodng I 900 m/s (ldn luni vgn tdc cua vien dan dang hay), cdc phdn tie d.xi chuyen dgng vdi vein tde khoang 500 mis 150 Luc tuong tac phan tir Cac vat ed thd gitr dugc hinh dang va thd tfch ciia chiing la giifa eae phan tir cau tao ndn vat ddng thdi cd luc hut va lue ddy Do ldn ciia nhirng luc phu thudc vao khoang each giua cdc phan tir Khi khoang each gitra cac phan tu nhd thi luc day manh ban luc hiit, khoang each giua cae phan tir ldn thi luc hut manh hon luc ddy Khi khoang each giua cac phan tir rat ldn (ldn ban nhidu lan kfeh thudc phan tir) thi luc tuong tac giira chiing coi nhu khdng dang kd H I Di hinh dung duge su tdn tai ddng thdi ciia luc hiit va luc ddy phan tir, ngudi ta cd the diing md hinh sau day H I Tai cho hai tbdi chi co mat day phang da dugc mai n h i n tie'p xiic vdi thi chung hilt (Hinh 28.3) ? Tai hai mat khdng dugc mai n h i n thi lai khong hiit ? Coi hai phan tir dirng canh nhu hai qua cau I Coi lien ke't giOra hai phan tir nhu nnot 16 xo Lb xo bi dan co xu hudng co lai: tdng hpp lire lien ke't phan tir la lire hilt I Lb xo bi nen cb xu hudng dan : tong hpp luc lien ke't phan tir la lire day Lb xo khong nen cung khong dan : cac phan tir co khoang each cho luc day va luc hut can bang Qcmmw^ Q^^yQlTOTKKr^^ Qmm^ /,/, 225 OAP AN VA OAP SO BAI TAP ,iO 4, a) can bdng khong ben ; b) can bdng ben ; c) qua cau ben trai can bdng phiem dinh ; qua cau Iren cao can bdng khong ben ; qua cau ben phai can bdng ben ; Trudng hpp cho thep la kho bi dd nha't Trong tnrdng hpp trpng tam a mirc thap nhat D : 10 C ; 11 D ; 12 a) 0,185 m/s^ ; b) 333 m ; c) 30 s ; 13 0,077 m/s^; r 14 a) Ne'u lay chieu dirong la chieu chuyen dpng CLia doan tau thi a = -0,0925 m/s^ ; b) 667 m ; 15 a) Neu lay chieu dirong la chieu chuyen dpng ciia xe thi a = -2,5 m/s^; b) s 2,5 m/s2 ; 7,5 m/s ; 11,2 m ; a) 17 N ; b) 12N ; a) 386 N ; b) 699 N ; C ; D; 10 C 2.2 D ; C ; a) 0,045 N.m ; b) 0,039 N.m 23 B ; D ; C ; Hai xe co dpng luang bdng va bang 16,66.10^ kg.m/s ; D ; C ; D ; kinh dp va vi dp : 9' 12 phut 16,36 giay 6, D ; D ; A ; a) s^ = 60r : Sg = 40f: x^ = 60(; Xg = 10 + 40f; c) (= 30 phiit; hai xe gap tai diem each A 30 km ; 10 d) gid D: D ; B; 10.2 s; 20 m/s; 11.70.3 m ; 12.20 m C ; C ; 10 B ; 11 41,87 rad/s ; 33,5 m/s 12 3,33 m/s ; 10,1 rad/s ; 13 kim phiit 0,174 mm/s, 0,00174 rad/s ; kim gid 0,0116 mm/s ; 0,000145 rad/s ; 14 530 vong 15 0,73.10^ rad/s; 465 m/s D ; C ; B ; Lay chieu di/ong la chieu cnuyen dpng cua hai xe : i^g^ = 20 km/h ; v^g = -20 km/h ; Lay chieu duong la chieu chuyen dpng ciia /A : i/g^ = -25 km/h 5.a)C;b)90°;6.a)B;7.D;8.11,6N;23,1N 10 D ; D ; 10 C ; 11 B, nho hon ; 12 D ; 14 a) 40 N ; b) hirdng xudng dudi ; c) tac dung vao tay nguoi; d) tui dung thirc an n 38,66.10ng.m/s 24 A ; C ; B ; 595 J ; 20 s 25 B ; C ; D ; B ; 765,4 J ; m/s 26 B ; A ; A ; 4.10'^ J The nang khong phu thuoc khoi lupng ciia vat 27 , , C ; -mv^ + mgz + „ k{Al)^; D ; 8.C 28 C ; C ; D 29 5.B;6.C;7.A;8.3.105pa;9.2,25.105Pa 30 B ; B ; B ; 606 K ; 5,42 bar 31 4.1 - ^ c); ^ a); ^ b), -^ d); D ; B ; B ; C ; 2,04.1020 N ; a) 735 N ; 36 cm3; 0,75.10-3 g/cm3 b)128N;c)653N 32 B C ; B;7.25'^C:8 0,78.103j/(kg.K) 12 C ; D ; A ; a ) 0 N / m ; b ) N 33 3.D C ; A ; J ; J ; ' ^ J 13 D ; C ; C ; 454N;kh6ng 34 B C ; D 14 4.0,31 v6ng/s ; D ; 5,66 km/s ; 14 200 s 35 15 C ; 8,9km;6 C ; B D B ; D; 68.103 N/m; a 0,10 k g ; 9.0,25.10-2 17 a ) , N ; b ) , N ; C ; D 36 D ; C ; B ; 62,1 cm ; 45°C 18 000 N ; Dira theo quy tdc momen 37 B; D; D; C; 10 A; 11.73.1(H N/m; 19 2.40 cm ; 60 cm ; 500 N ; 3.400 N, 600 N ; B ; O^G = 0,88 cm ; 0, la trpng tam ciia hinh chi; nhat CO canh cm va cm, O^G ndm tren dudng thdng noi 0^ vdi trpng tam ciia hinh vuOng CO canh cm 226 12 4,0.10-3 N 38 D ; B ; C ; 10 D ; 14.1 694,4 kJ 15 96,165 kJ 39 C ; A ; C ; 30,29g/m3;71% OONV! OAI LLTONG Ki hieu Ten Ki hieu Op dai / met m Dien tich S met vuong m2 The tich V met khdi m^ Thoi gian Ten t giay Van toe V met tren giay m/s Gia to'c a met tren giay binh phuong m/s^ Chuki J giay Tan so f vong tren giay ; hec Khoi lupng m kilogam Khoi lupng neng P kilPgam tren met khoi Lire F niuton Momen luc M niuton met Dpng lupng P kilogam met tren giay Trpng lupng P niuton Op cirng ciia lo xo k niuton tren met N/m P paxcan Pa Co nang W jun J Dpng nang w, w, u jun J jun J jun Nhiet nong chay heng A jun tren kilPgam J/kg Nhiet hoa hoi rieng L jun tren kilPgam J/kg Nhiet dung rieng c jun tren kilogam kenvin , J/(kg.K) Cong A jun ' J / oat • w T kenvin Ap sua't ' The nang Npi nang Nhiet lupng Cong suat Nhiet dp tuyet doi s vong/s ; Hz kg kg/m3 N Nm kg.m/s N jun J ] J K dpe ! a gam tren met khoi ! , A gam tren met khoi ! f Nhiet dp Xen-xi-ut j t Op am tuyet doi j Do dm cue dai s • °C g/m3 g/m3 • 06 am tl doi 227 UCLUC Trang Mo 6Au PHAN MOT - CO HOC Chuong I - Dpnp '^oc chat diem Chuyen dong co Chuyen dgng th^ng deu 12 Chuyen dgng thing bi^n ddi deu 16 S J roi tu 24 khuyen dgng trdn deu 29 Tinh tuong ddi cua chuyen ddng Cong thdc cdng van tdc 35 Sal sd ciia phep cac dai lugng vat li 39 ThUc hanh : Khao sat chuyen dgng roi tU Xac dmh gia tdc roi tU 45 Chuong II - Dong luc hoc chat diem 53 Tong hgp va phan tich lUc Oieu kien can bang cua chat diem 54 10 Ba dinh luat Niu-ton 59 11 Luc ha'p dan Djnh luat van vat hap din 67 12 Luc dan hoi cua Id xo Dinh luat Hiic 71 13 Luc ma sat 75 14 Luc hudng tam 80 Bai toan ve chuyen dgng nem ngang 85 16 Thuc hanh : Xac dinh he sd ma sat 89 Chuong III - Can bang va chuydn dpng cua vat r^n 17 18 228 Can bang cua mdt vat chiu tac dung cua hai luc va cua ba luc khdng song song Can bang cua mdt vat co true quay cd dinh Momen luc 95 96 101 19 Quy tdc hgp lUc song song ciing chieu 104 20 Cac dang can bdng Can bdng ciia mpt vat c6 mat chan de 107 21 Chuyen dgng tinh tien ciia vat ran Chuyen dong quay ciia vat ran 22 quanh mot true co dmh 111 Ngau luc 116 Chuong IV - Cac djnh luat bao toan 12i 23 Ogng luOng Dinh luat bao toan dong lUOng 122 24 Cong va Cong suat 128 25 Dong nang 134 26 The nang 137 27 Co nang 142 PHAN HAI - NHIET HOC Chuong V - Chat 147 149 28 Cau tao chat Thuyet dpng hoc phan tu' chat 150 29 Qua trinh dang nhiet Dinh luat B6i-lo -Ma-ri-6t 156 30 Qua trinh ddng tich Dmh luat Sac-lo 160 31 Phuong trinh trang thai cua li tudng 163 Chuong VI - Co so ciia nhiet dong luc hoc 169 32 Noi nang va sU bien thien noi nang 170 33 Cac nguyen li ciia nhiet dong lgc hoc 175 Chuong Vll - Chait ran va chat long Su chuyen the 183 34 Chat rdn ket tinh Chat rdn vo dinh hinh 184 35 Bien dang cO cua vat rdn 188 36 Su nd vi nhiet cua vat rdn 194 37 Cac hien tuong be mat cua chat long 198 38 Sg chuyen the ciia cac chat 204 39 Dp am cua khong 211 40 Thuc hanh : Xac dinh he so cang be mat cua chat long Dap an va dap sd bai tap 216 226 lUI VUONG MIEN KIM CUONG CHAT LUONG QUOC I E HUAN CHl/ONG HO CHI MINH { SACH GlAO KHOA LCfP 10 TOAN HOC • OAI SO HiNHHOCIO TIN HOC 10 CONGNGHE 10 VATLl 10 10 GIAO DUC CONG DAN 10 HOAHOCIO 11 GIAO DUC QUOC PHONG-AN NINH 10 SINH HOC 10 12 NGOAI NGli NGQ' VAN 10 (tap mpt, tap hai) LICH SU'10 • TltNG ANH 10 • TltNG PHAP 10 • TIENG NGA 10 • TI^NG TRUNG QUOC 10 7.0|ALi 10 SACH GIAO KHOA LOP 10 - NANG CAO Ban Khoa hoc Tu nhien TOAN HOC (OAI SO 10, HiNH HOC 10) VAT Ll 10 HOA HOC 10 SINH HOC 10 Ban Khoa hoc Xa hoi va Nhan van NGO'VAN 10 (tap mot, tap hai) UCHSCriO.DIALIIO NGOAI NGU (TIENG ANH 10, TIENG PHAP 10, TIENG NGA 10 TIENG TRUNG QUOC 10) 8i9 " 0 52 Gid: 11.4()0d