Trắc nghiệm lịch sử 12 phần 1

Qua trinh nay trai qua cac thai ky sau: * Thai ky a Phdp 1920-1923 Nguyen A i Quoc tich cue hoat dong trong phong trao cong nhan Phap^ tranh thu su ling ho eiia giai cap eong nhan Phap

i

P H A N M O T

U C H S L f V I E T N A M

C h u c n g I VIET NAM SAU CHIEN TRANH THE GIQI THl> NHAT

Sau Chign tranh th6 g i o i thi'r nhat (1914-1918), qu6c Phap tiiy la niroc thSng

an, nhimg lai bj chien tranh tan pha nang ne, kinh te sa sut nghiem trong Them vao do, CLIOC khung hoang kinh te trong the gioi tir ban cang gay kho khan cho nhn

kinh te Phap

Nham han gan vet thirong chien tranh, bii dSp nhung thiet hai do chien tranh

g a y r a , khoi, phiic va ci'ing c6 dia vi trong the gioi tu' ban, de quoc Phap mot mat tang cuong boc lot nhan dan trong nuoc, mat khac day manh khai thac boc lot thuoc dja Ciioc khai thac thuoc dja Ian thi'r hai ma thuc dan Phap tien hanh a Dong

D u o n g la nam trong y do do

* Qua trinh khai titdc:

De tien hanh khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu hai a Viet Nam, Phap tang cuang dau

t u von vao Viet N a m v 6 i qui mo va toe do nhanh gap nhieu Ian so v 6 i truoc chien tranh Chi trong vong 6 nam (1924-1929) tong so von dau t u vao Viet Nam tang gap 6 Ian so v o i 20 nam truoc chien tranh (1898-1918)

V 6 i so von do, Phap tap trung khai thac cac iTnh vuc sau:

- Ve nong nghiep: Thuc dan Phap day manh viec cuop dat, lap don dien, chu

yeu la don dien cao su Tinh den nam 1930, dien tich don dien do chu nguoi Phap nSm g i u tai 1,2 trieu hec ta dat dai, bang % tong dien tich dat canh tac a Viet Nam

N h i k i cong ty Ion phuc vu cho viec khai thac Ciing Ian luot ra dai : Cong ty Dat do, Cong ty M i so Lanh, Cong ty trong cay nhiet doi

- vi cong nghiep: Thuc dan Phap day manh khai thac mo (chu yeu la mo than)

Nhieu cong ty than m o i ra d o i : Cong ty than Ha Long, Cong ty than Dong Dang, Cong ty than D o n g Trieu

Ngoai ra, t u ban Phap con ma them mot so ca scr cong nghiep khong c6 kha nang canh tranh v a i cong nghiep Phap, chu yeu la cong nghiep che bien

- Ve thirovg nghiep: De nim chat han thj truang Viet Nam va Dong Duong,

Phap ban hanh dao luat dong thu^ nang hang ngoai nhap, nhat la hang Trung Quoc

va Nhat Ban

5

- VS giao thong van lai: Phap tang cuong dau tir ma them nlii^ii tuyen dirong

nham phuc vu dac luc cho viec chuyen cha nguyen vat heu cung nhir l i i i i thong

hang hoa trong noi dia va v o i nuoc ngoai

* Tdc dong Clin cuoc khai titcic den kinh te:

Qua trinh khai thac thugc dia cua Phap cV Viet Nam him cho nhn kinh t^ Viet

Nam CO su chuyen bien theo huong tu- ban Chinh sir tham nhap cua phuong; thii'c

san xuat t u ban chu nghTa dan toi sir tan ra dan cua n^n kinh t6 tir nliien tir cfip, t u

tuc 6- nong thon Nen kinh te hang hoa, do do c6 6\k\n d^ phat trien

Tuy nhien, do muc di'ch cua Thuc dan Phap bien Viet Nam thanh thj truong

cung ung nguyen vat lieu va tieu thu hang hoa, nen tac dung cua phuo'ng thuc san

xuat t u ban chu nghTa du nhap vao cung chi ban che

Mat khac, Phap van ti6p tuc diiy tri quan he san xu4t phong kien a Viet Nam,

tiep tuc su dung giai cap dja chii phong ki6n V i vay, Viet Nam khong con la nuoc

doc lap va khong the c6 nen kinh te dan toe phat t r i l n binh thuang len t u ban chu

nghTa, ma t r a thanh mot nuoc thuoc dja nira phong kien Hay noi torn lai, nhr\h

te Viet Nam liic bay g i a la nhn kinh te dan xen t6n tai phuong thuc san xuat t u ban

chu nghTa va phuong thirc san xuat phong k i ^ n Va suy cho cung do la nen kinh te

nong nghiep lac hau, que quSct le thuoc vao nen kinh te Phap

2 C a c chinh sach ve chinh trj, van hoa-giao due

* Ve chinh tri:

Thuc dan Phap t h i hanh chinh each chuyen ch^ triet d^, chi'ing nam moi quyen

hanh, bon vua quan Nam t r i l u chi la bu nhin tay sai

M o i quyen t u do dan chu cua nhan ta bi tuoc doat, moi hanh dpng yeu nuoc bj

chiTng thang tay dan ap, khung bo

Thuc dan Phap con thirc hien chinh sach "chia d l t r i " Chia Viet Nam thanh ba

ki va chia D o n g Duo'ng thanh nam x u de d i cai t r j

* Ve van hoa - giao due:'

Thi hanh chinh sach van hoa no dich, nhSm gay tarn ly t u t i , vong ban, ra sire

khiiyen khich cac hoat dong me t i n , di doan

Truong hoc chii yeu phuc vu cho viec dao tao doi ngu tay sai cho thuc dan Phap

Sach bao cung duoc chung Igi dung vao viec tuyen t r u y i n chinh sach "khai

hoa" cua thuc dan

3 X a hoi Viet Nam bi phan hoa sau sSc ho-n sau chien tranh

D u a l tac dong ciia cugc khai thac thugc dja Ian t h u hai cua Thuc dan Phap lam

cho xa hgi Viet N a m bj phan hoa sau sk- Ben canh nhung giai cap cii van con, gia

day da xuat hien cac giai cap m o i M o i giai cap va t^ng lop xa hgi c6 dia v i va

quycii loi khac nhau, nen c6 thai do chinh tri khac nhau trong cugc dau tranh dan

tgc va dau iK^nh giai cap

* Ddi v&i giaicdp cii:

^ - Giai cdp dia chii phong liiin: T i ^ p tuc bj phan hoa va chia ra hai bg phan, m6i

bg phan c6 thai do chinh trj khac nhau truoc ke thu va trong cugc dAu tranh dan tgc

Bg phan nho la dai dja chu, giau c6 len nha dua vao Phap, ch6ng lai each mang,

Chung t r a thanh doi tugng doi lap ciia each mang

Bg phan Ion la trung nong va tieu dja chu, bj Phap chen ep, dung cham toi quy^n I g i , nen it nhi^u c6 tinh than chong de quoc, tham gia phong trao yeu nuoc

khi CO dieu kien

- Giai cdp nong dan: Nuoc ta von dT la mot nuoc nong nghiep, nen nong dan

hi^m 90% dan s6 H g la nan nhan cua chinh sach chiem doat rugng dSt, chinh ach suu thue, dja to plvu phen, tap djch duoi che do phong kien Hg tiep tuc bi ban

ch sac

C l i n g hoa va bi pha san t r e n qui mo rgng Ion

Do bj ap buc, boc lot nang n^ boi thuc dan va phong k i ^ n nen nong dan Viet

Nam giau long yeu nuoc, c6 tinh th4n ch6ng de quoc va phong kien, la luc lugng

hang hai va dong dao nhat cua each m.ang

* Doi v()i cdc giai cdp vd tfing U'rp m<'ri:

- Giai cdp tir san: Giai cap t u san Viet Nam ra doi vao nhung nam dau sau khi

chian tranh the giai t h u nhSt ket thuc Trong qua trinh phat trien, giai cap t u san Viet N a m phan hoa thanh hai bg phan: Mot bg phan la t u san mai ban c6 quyen Igi gan v o i d6 quoc, nen cau ket chat che ve chinh tri v o i chung M o t bg phan khac la

t u san dan tgc c6 khuynh huong kinh doanh dgc lap, phat trien kinh te dan tgc, nen

it nhieu CO tinh than dan tgc; dan chii chong dS qiidc va phong kien, nhung lap

truong ciia hg khong kien djnh, de dang thoa hiep, cai liiang khi de quoc manh

ae Dl XO uay vau c o n u u u i i g yiia s a j i \a u i a i n g i u v i J - ' " " 5 '^'p '^j —

voi tinh hinh chinh t r j , c6 tinh than each mang, hang hai dau tranh va la mot lire

lugng quan trgng each mang dan tgc, dan chii a nuoc ta

- Giai cdp cong nhan: Ra d o i trong cugc khai thac thugc dja Ian thir nhat ya

ngay cang phat t r i l n ve s6 lugng va chat lugng trong cugc khai thac thugc dja Ian thii' hai ciia thuc dan Phap: tii' 14 van (1914) len den 22 van (1929) Cong nhan Vi?t

• Nam cung chju nhieu tAng ap biic, boc lot nen cugc song cua hg v6 ciing khon kho Ngoai nliung dac di^m ciia giai cap cong nhan quoc te, giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam con c6 nhung dac diem rieng:

+ B j ap biic boc lot nang ne nhat, nen c6 tinh than each mang cao nhat + Co quan he t u nhien gan bo voi giai cap nong dan

+ thira t r u y i n thong yeu nuoc anh hiing bat khuat ciia dan tgc

+ Dac biet, viia Ion len giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam da tiep thu ngay chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin, anh huong Cach mang thang M u o i N g a va phong trao each mang the g i a i sau chien tranh

Giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam voi hoan canh ra doi va phat t r i l n , ciing voi nhung dac diem cua minh, la giai cap yeu nuac, each mang, ciing v o i giai cap nong dan tra tlianh hai luc lugng chinh ciia each mang, trong do: giai cAp cong nhan Viet Nam nam lay nggn ca lanh dao each mang giai phong dan tgc va giai phong giai cap

4, C a c mau thuan CO'ban trong xa hoi Viet Nam

Do tac dong ve kinh te va nhung bidn d6i sau she ve xa hgi trong cugc khai thac

thugc dja lan thir hai ciia thirc dan Phap lam cho xa hgi Viet N a m nay sinh hai mau thuan ca ban:

- M a u thuan dan toe, giua dan toe Viet Nam v o i thue dSn Phap

- Mail thuan giai cap, giiia giai cap nong dan voi bon dja chu phong ki^n,

Hai mau thuan nay vua la nguon goc vira la dong lire lam nay sinh va thi'ic dky

moi phong trao yeu nuoc chong thue dan, phong ki^n d nuoc ta

C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M

C a u 1 V i sac thue dan Phap tien hanh khai thsic thuoc dja l4n thu hai 6' Viet

N a m ?

A Bu vao iihirng thiet hai trong cuoc khai thac Ian thir nhat

B De bii dap nhung thiet hai do Chien tranh the giai Ian thi'r nhat gay ra

C De thue day sir phat trien kinh te - xa hoi a Viet Nam

D Tat ca cung dung

C a u 2 Tong so von ma Phap dau t u vao Dong Duong dfi thue hien chu-ong

trinh khai thac Ian thu-hai la (1924 - 1929) la bao nhieu?

A Gap 20 Ian so v o i 20 nam truoc chien tranh ,

B Gap 10 Ian so v o i 6 nam truoc chien tranh.,

C Gap 6 Ian so v o i 20 nam truoc chien tranh

D Gap 8 Ian so v o l 20 nam truoc chien tranh

C a u 3 T r o n g cuoc khai thac thuoc dia Ian t h u hai thyc dan Phap dau tu- von

nhieu nhat vao cac nganh nao?

A Cong nghiep che bien B Nong nghiep va khai thac mo

C N o n g nghiep va thirong nghiep D Giao thong van tai

C a u 4 Dien tich trong cao su ciia Phap 6' Viet Nam tir nam 1918 den nam 1930

tang len bao nhieu?

A Tir 20 ngan hec ta tang len 120 ngan hec ta

B TCr 15 ngan hec ta tSng len 150 ngan hec ta

C TiJ 15 ngan hec ta tang len 140 ngan hec ta

D Tir 15 ngan hec ta tang len 120 ngan hec ta.,

C a u 5 T h u doan tham doc nhat ciia thyc dan Phap trong ITnh vuc nong

nghiep 6' Viet Nam sau Chien tranh the gioi thu nhat la gi?

A Danh thue nang vao cac mat hang nong san

B Tuoc doat ruong dat cua nong dan

C Bat nong dan di phu phen, tap dich

D Khong cho nong dan tham gia san xuat

C a u 6 V i sao tu* ban Phap chu trong den viec khai thac mo than 6' Viet Nam?

A O Viet Nam c6 trir luong than Ion;

B Than la nguyen lieu chu yen pliuc vu cho cong nghiep chinh quoc

C De phuc v i i cho nhu cau cong nghiep chi'nh quoc

D Tat ca cung dung

C a u 7 V i sao trong qua trinh khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu- hai, tu- ban Phap

han che phat trien cong nghiep nang & Viet Nam?

A Cot chat nen kinh te Viet Nam le thuoc vao kiiih te Phap

B Bien Viet N a m thanh thj tru-ong tieu thu hang hoa do nen cong nghiep Phap

san xuat

C Bien Viet Nam thanh can cir quan sir va chinh trj ciia Phap

D Cau A va B d6u diing

C a u 8 D i doc chiem thj truong Dong Duong, Phap dong thue rat nang vao hang hoa ciia cac nu-oc nao khi nhap vao thj truong Dong Du-ong?

A Hang hoa ciia A n Do

B Hang hoa cuaTrung Quoc, Nhat Ban

C Hang hoa cua Thai Lan, Xin-ga-po

D Hang hoa cua Trieu Tien, M o n g Co

C a u 9 Chu-ong trinh khai thac thuoc dja Ian thii- hai ciia thue dan Phap a Viet

Nam lam cho nen kinh te Viet Nam c6 nhfrng chuyen bien n h u the nao?

A Nen kinh te phat tri^n theo huong tir ban chii nghla

B Nen kinh te m a cira

C Nen kinh te nong nghiep lac hau, que quct, le thuoc vao Phap

D Nen kinh te thuong nghiep va cong nghiep phat trien

C a u 10 Chuo-ng trinh khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu hai ciia thue dan Phap bat dSu vao na;m nao?

A 1914 B 1918 C 1919 D 1920

C a u 11 Diem moi trong chuong trinh khai thac thuoc dja lan t h u hai cua Phap la gi?

A V u a thai thac vira che b i l n B DSu tir phat trien cong nghiep nhe

C Dau tir phat trien cong nghiep nang D Tang cuong dau t u thu lai cao

C a u 12 So von ma Phap dau t u vao nong nghiep len toi 400 trieu phorang, gap 10 lan tru-oc chien tranh duffc thue hien vao nam nao?

A 1 9 2 6 B 1927 ' ' C 1928 D 1929

C a u 13 T r o n g chinh sach thuo-ng nghiep, Phap da danh thue nang cac hang hoa niroc ngoai vi:

A Tao sir canh tranh giira hang hoa cac nuoc nhap vao Dong Dirong

B Can t r a su xam nhap ciia hang hoa nirac ngoai

C M u 6 n doc quyen chiem thi truong Viet Nam va D o n g Duang

D Tao dieu kien cho thuong nghiep Dong D u o n g phat trien

C S u 14 Nham doc quyen chiem thj truong Dong Duong, t u ban doe quyen Phap da lam gi?

A Ban hanh dao luat danh thu8 nang cac hang hoa nuoc ngoai nhap vao Dong Duong

B Can t r a hoat dong ciia t u ban Trung Quoc, Nhat Ban

C Lap ngan hang Dong Duong

D Chi nhap hang hoa Phap vao thj truong Dong Duong

C a u 15 C h i n h sach khai thac lan thir hai ciia thue dan Phap ve can ban khong thay doi vi:

A K h o n g xay dung cac nganh cong nghiep nang a nuoc ta

B Tang cuang danh thue nang .x

-C Han c h § phat t r i l n cong nghiep dac biet la cong nghiep nang, bien Dong

D u o n g thanh thi truang doc chiem cua t u ban Phap

D Bo von nhieu vao nong nghiep va khai thac mo

Cau 16 Tac dong ciia chuong trinh khai thac thuoc dja Ian thir hai ciia Phap

den nen kinh t6 Viet Nam la gi?

A Nen kinh te Viet Nam pliat trien doc lap

B Nen kinh te Viet Nam van bi lac hau que qiiat

C Nen kinh tS Viet Nam phat tridn them mot buoc nhung bi kirn ham le thuoc Phap

D Nen kinh te Viet Nam le thuoc hoan toan vao Phap

Cau 17 Thuc dan Phap thi hanh chinh sach chuyen che triet d^ 6 Viet Nam,

chinh sach do duoc bieu hien nhu-the nao?

A M o i quyen hanh nam trong tay nguoi Phap •

B M o i quyen hanh nhm trong tay vua quan Nam tr\k\

C. Moi quyen hanh vua nam trong tay nguoi Phap vira nSmtrong tay vua quan

Nam trieu

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu dung

Cau 18, Nhirng thii doan nao cua thuc dan Phap v l chinh trj va van hoa giao

due nham no djch lau dai nhan dan ta sau Chien tranh th^ gioi thiinhat?

A Loi keo, mua cluioc ngu-oi Viet Nam thuoc tang lop tren cua xa hoi

B Th^u tom quyen lire vao tay nguoi Phap

C "Chia de t r i " va thuc hien c6 van hoa no dich, ngu dan

D Ma truong day tieng Phap dk dao tao bpn tay sai

Cau 19 Chinh sach " C h i a dS trj" ma bon thyc dan Phap ap dung 6' Viet Nam

duoc bieu hien nhu-the nao?

A Nam K i : thuoc Phap, Trung K i : niVa bao ho, Bcic K i : bao ho

B Nam K i : bao ho, Trung K i : thuoc Phap, Bic K i : niia bao ho

C Nam K i : nua bao ho, Trung K i : bao ho, BSc Ki:,thuoc Phap

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai

Cau 20 Chinh sach van hoa, giao due ma Phap thuc hien 6' Viet Nam nhSm

muc dich gi?

A Dao tao doi ngii tri thuc a Viet Nam de dua sang Phap

B "Khai hoa" van minh cho dan toe ta

C No djch, doi truy nhan dan ta

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu sai

Cau 21 Nhung giai csip cu trong xa hoi Viet Nam, co tu- truoc cuoc khai thac

thuoc dja cua Phap, do la giai cap nao?

A Nong dan, dja chii phong k i l n

B Nong dan, dja chii phong k i l n , thg thu cong

C Nong dan, dja chu phong kien, t u san dan toe

D Nong dan, dia chii phong kien, cong nhan

Cau 22 Giai cap nao moi ra doi do hau qua cua viec khai thac ciia Phap sau

chien tranh?

A Cong nhan nong dan, tu san dan toe

B Cong nhan, tieii tir san, tir san dan toe

C Cong nhan, tir san dan toe, dja chu phong kien

D Cong nhan, nong dan, tu san dan toe, tieu tir san, dja chu phpng kien

Cau 23 Trong cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu hai ciia thyc dan Phap, thai do chinh trj cua giai cap dai dja chii phong kien nhu- the nao?

A S5n sang thoa hiep voi nong dan de chong tu san dan toe

B Sfin sang phoi hop voi t u san dan toe de chong Phap

C san sang thoa hiep voi Phap de huong quyen ipi

D san sang dung len chong thuc dan de giai phong dan tpc

Cau 24 Thu:c dsin Phap da doi xii' vol giai cap tu san Viet Nam nhu the nao?

A Duoc thuc dan Phap dung duong

B Bi thuc dan phap chen ep kirn ham

C Bj thuc dan Phap boc lot nang ne nhat

D Duoc thiic dan Phap cho huong dac quyen, dac loi:

Cau 25 Sau Chien tranh the gioi Ian thu nhat, ngoai thuc dan Phap, con c6 giai cap nao tro' thanh doi tuong doi lap ciia each mang Viet Nam?

A Giai cap nong dan B Giai cap cong nhan

C Giai cap dai dia chu phong kien D Giai cap tu san dan toe

Cau 26 Trong cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu hai ciia thuc dan Phap 6' Viet Nam, giai cap tu san phan hoa nhu the nao?

A T u san dan toe va tu san thuong nghiep

B Tu san dan toe va tu san cong nghiep

C T u san dan toe va tu san mai ban

D T u san dan toe va tu san cong thuong

Cau 27 Trong cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian thu hai cua thuc dan Phap 6 Viet Nam, thai do chinh tri ciia giai cap tu san dan toe nhu the nao?

A Co thai do kien quyk trong viec dau tranh chong Phap

B Co thai do khong kien djnh, d | thoa hiep, cai luong khi de quoc manh

C Co tinh than d i u tranh each mang triet de trong sir nghiep giai phong dan toe

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu dung

Cau 28 V i sao tang lop tieu tu san tro' thanh nhung bo phan quan trong ciia each mang dan toe, dan chii 6' nuoc ta?

A Bj thuc dan Phap chen ep, bac dai khinh re

B Doi song bap benh, d l bj \ dhy vao con duong pha san that nghiep

' C Cau A dung, cau B sai

• D Ca cau A, B deu dung

Cau 29 Giai cap nao co so luong tang nhanh nhat trong cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian thii' hai? '

A Nong dan " »' B T u san dan toe

C Dja chu D Cong nhan

Cau 30 Sau Chien tranh the gioi thii- nhat, luc luong niio hang hai va dong dao nhat ciia each mang Viet Nam?

A Cong nhan *B Nong dan C Tieu tu san D T u san dan toe

Cau 31 Trong cac dac di£m sau day, dac diC>m nao la co' ban nhat ciia giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam?

A Bj ha ihng ap buc boc lot ciia d l quoc, phong kien, tu san dan toe

M

B Co quan he tu nhieii gan bo v a i giai cap nong dan

C K& tiiira truySn thong yeu nuac anh hung va bat ichuat cua dan toe. ^^/fKHflff

D V u a ion ien da tiep thu ngay duoc anh huong manh me cua phong trao each

mang the gioi, nhat la each mang thang muoi Nga va chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin

C a u 32 Sau Chien tranh the gioi thu- nhat, giai cap hoac tang lop nao c6 dii

kha nang n^m lay ngon co lanh dao each mang Viet Nam?

• A Giai cap nong dan B Giai cap t u san dan toe

C Giai cap cong nhan D Tang lop tieu t u san

C a u 33 G i a i cap cong nhan Viet Nam xuat than chii yeu tu dau?

A Giai cap t u san bj pha san

B Giai cap nong dan bi tucVc doat ruong dat

C Tang lop tieu t u san bi chen ep

D T h g thu cong bi that nghiep

C a u 34 Sau Chien tranh the giffi Ian thu- nhat, mSu thuan nao tm thanh mau

thuan CO' ban, cap bach hang dau ciia each mang Viet N a m ?

A Giija cong nhan va t u san

B GiCia nong dan va dja chu

C Giira nhan dan Viet Nam v 6 i chu nghTa thuc dan Phap

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu dung

C a u 35 T r o n g cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian hai cua thuc dan Phap 6' Viet

Nam, mau thuan nao la mau thuan giai cap co' ban ciia each mang Viet Nam?

A M a u thuan giOa giai cap'cong nhan v a i giai cap t u san

B M a u thuan giua giai cap nong dan voi dja chii

C M a u thuan giira giai cap cong nhan v o i de quoc Phap

D M a u thuan giua giai cap cong nhan nong dan v o i de qu6c Phap

C a u 36 NhCrng thii doan tham doc nhat ciia tu ban Phap \h chinh tri sau

Chien tranh the gioi t h u nhat nhSm no djch lau dai nhan dan Viet Nam la gi?

A Thau torn quyen hanh trong tay nguoi Phap

B Cau ket v o i vua quan Nam trieu de dan ap nhan dan

C "Chia dk t r i "

D K h i i n g bo, dan ap nhan dan ta

C a u 37 Sau Chien tranh the gioi t h u nhat, chinh sach chinh tri cua Phap 6'

V i l t Nam la gi?

A M u a chuoc, loi keo dja chu va tu'ban ngu'oi Viet

B Vua quan Nam Trieu chi la bu nhin, qliyen luc trong tay nguoi Phap

C Thang tay dan ap, khung bo nhan dan ta

D A , B, C, dung

C a u 38 Tro' thanh tay sai, lam cho dua cho thuc dan Phap tang cuong chiem

doat, boc lot kinh te, dan ap chinh trj doi voi nguoi nong dan, do la giai cap

nao?

A Giai cap dja chti phong kien B T i n g lop dai dia chii

C Tang lap t u san mai ban D Giai cAp ta san dan toe

C a u 39 T h a i do chinh trj ciia giai cap dai dia chii phong kien doi vol thuc dan phap n h u the nao?

A san sang thoa hjep v o i phap de chong t u san dan toe

B SSn sang phoi hop v o i t u san dan toe de chong Phap khi bi chen ep

C SSn sang thoa hiep v o i Phap de huong quyen Igi

D SSn sang dung len chong thuc dan Phap khi bi cat xen quyen loi ve kinh tL

Can 40 G i a i cap t u san Viet Nam viia nioi ra doi da:

A D u o c thiic dan Phap dung duong

B B i thuc dan Phap chen ep, kirn hani

C B i thuc dan Phap boc lot nang ne nhat :

D Dugc thuc dan Phap su dung lam tay sai dac lu'c cho chiTng

Cau 41 T r o n g cuoc khai thac thuoc dja Ian t h u hai ciia thuc dan Phap a Dong

Duong CO hai giai cap bj phan hoa thanh hai bo phan, do la cac giai cap nao?

A Giai cap nong dan va giai cap cong nhan

B Giai cap cong nhan va giai cap t u san

C Giai cap dai dia chu phong kien va giai cap t u san

D Giai cap t u san dan toe va tang lop tieu t u san

Cau 42 C o tinh than dan toe dan chii, chong de quoc, phong kien nhung thai

do khong kien djnh, de thoa hiep do la dac diem ciia giai cap nao?

A Giai cSp dia chii phong kien B Giai cap tu'san

C Tang lap tir san dan toe D Tang lop tir san mai ban

Cau 43 G i a i cap cong nhan Viet Nam c6 nhung dac diem rieng, do la gi?

A Dai dien cho lire luong san xuat tien bo

B Co tinh than yeu nuoc chong giac ngoai xam

C B j ba tAng lop ap biic boc lot, c6 quan he tir nhien v a i giai cap nong dan ke thiia truyen thong yeu nuoc ciia dan toe

D Dieu kien lao dong va sinh song tap trung

Cau 44 G i a i cap nao c6 tinh than each mang triet de, c6 y thuc to chuc ki luat

gan voi nen san xuat hien dai, c6 quan he mat thiet y&i giai cap nong dan?

A Ti6u t u san B Cong nhan C T u s a n D D i a chii

Cau 45 V i sao tang lop tieu t u san tro' thanh bo phan quan trong ciia each mang dan toe dan chu 6' nuoc ta?

A V i bj thuc dan Phap chen ep, bac dai, khinh re

B V i doi song hkp benh, de bj x6 day vao con dirong pha san that nghiep

C Cau A diing, cau B sai

D Cau A , B deu diing

Cau 46 Sau C h i e n tranh the gioi thu nhat xa hoi Viet Nam ton tai nhieu mau thuan, trong do mau thuan nao la co' ban nhat?

A Mau thuan giua nong dan va dja chu

B M a u thuan giua cong nhan va tir ban

C M a u t h u i n giua nhan dan Viet Nam va chii nghTa thuc dan Phap

D Mau thuan giua tir san va dja chu

1 Anh hirong cua tinh hinh the gioi den Viet Nam sau chien tranh

Cach mang xa lioi chii nghTa thang Miroi Nga c6 anh hirong sau sac den each

mang nuoc ta: Thing loi cua Cach mang thang Muoi Nga, ciing voi sir ra doi cua

nha nuoc X6 \\k la mot su i<ien ijch sir each mang mang tam v6c thai dai to \an

No da CO tac dong manh me den phong trao giai phong dan toe Viet Nam, tao dieu

kien cho each mang Viet Nam di theo con duong each mang v6 san

Ou6c te Cong san ra doi (3-1919), Dang Cong san Phap, Dang Cong san Trung

Quoc Ian iirot duoc thanh lap Phong trao cong nhan va cong san a phuo'ng Tay

phong trao giai phong dan toe o phuo'ng Dong dang tren da phat trien ngaycang

gSn bo mat thi^t voi nhau trong cuoc dau tranh chong chu nghTa de quoc

Lan song each mang dang dang cao tren the gioi, Ian rong tir Au sang A, tir MT

sang Phi, trong do giai c4p v6 san cac nuoc da bat dan buoc len vu dai chinh tri

2 Phong trao yeu nirffc dan chii cong khai (1919 - 1925)

a Diiii kien ra (tdi vd phat trien ciia phong trao

Sau chien tranh the gioi thu nhc4t (1914-1918) nhung Ian song moi cua phong

trao dan toe, dan chii tiep tuc dang len manh me Giai cap tu san va tieu tu san xuat

hien, buoc len vu dai quan trong nhat Luc bay gio chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin chira

dugc ph6 biln sau rong a Viet Nam thi tu tuong dan chu tir san, nhat la Chu nghTa

Tam dan ciia Ton Ti-ung Son da chi phoi khong it den phong trao dan toe dan chu

theo khuynh huong dan chu tu san

b Cdc phong trao dau tranh

* Phong trao giai cua cSp tir san dan toe: giai cap tir san dan toe nhan da lam an thuan

Igi, muon vuon len gianh ISy vi tri kha hon trong kinh te Viet Nam saii chien tranh

Nam 1919, tu san dan toe to chi're phong trao "ChSn hung hang noi hoa", "Bai

tru hang ngoai hoa"

Nam 1923, ho cham ngoi d i u tranh chong doc quyen Cang Sai Gon va doc

quyen xuat khau lua gao d Nam Ky cua tu ban Phap

Cling voi boat dong kinh t§, giai cap tu san dan toe da dung bao chi de benh vuc

quyen loi cua minh

Mot so tu san va dja chu Ion Nam Ky (dai bieu la Bui Quang Chieu, Nguyen

Phan Long ) dung ra t6 chirc Dang lap hien dS tap hop lire luong, roi dira ra mot

so kh4u hieu: Doi tu do dan chu de tranh thii sir ung ho cua.quan chung, lam ap luc

Nhi6u to ehuc chinh trj yeu nuoc ciia tri thuc nha van, nha bao, nha giao, hoc sinh sinh vien da ra doi nhu; Tan Viet Thanh nien Doan (1923) Viet Nam NghTa Doan (1925) Hoi Phuc Viet (1925) Dang Thanh Nien (1926)

Cac t6 ehuc da cho ra doi nhung ta bao tien bo, nhu ChuoiTg Re, An Nam tre, Nguoi nha que lap ra nhung nha xuat ban tien bo, nhu Cirong hoc thu xa (Sai Gon) Nam Dong thu xa (Ha Noi) Ho dung sach bao lam phuong tien truyen ba tu tuong yen hiroc, tien bo, neu quan diem lap truong chinh trj cua minh

Trong cao trao yeu nuoc liic bay gia eo ba sir kien tieu bieu nhat: vu Pham

H6ng Thai miru sat toan quyen MecLanh, vu doi tha Phan I^oi Chau va y\\e tang Phan Chu Trinh

* Thang 6/1924, toan quyen Dong Duong la Mec Lanh sang Nhat va Trung Hoa, am nuru cau ket voi chinh quyen phan dong hai nuoc nay d l pha hoai each mang Viet Nam Tam Tam xa giao cho Pham Hong Thai nhiem vu trir khu ten thuc dan dau so Cuoc muu sat khong thanh, nhung hanh dong cua Pham H6ng Thai da gay tieng vang Ion a trong va ngoai nuoc, giong nhu "Canh chim bao hieu mua xuan" vira c6 tac dung c6 vu vua thuc day phong trao yeu nuoc

* Phan Bpi Chau la nha yeu nuoc, boat dong each mang tu dau th^ ky XX Sau Chien tranh t h i giai thu nhat, Phan Boi Chau tiep tuc boat dong a Trung Quoc Giira nam 1925 ong bj Thuc dan Phap bat a Thirong Hai va bi mat dua ve nuoc giam a Hoa L6 (Ha Noi) voi am nuru sat hai cu Nhan dan ca nuoc dau tranh buoc thuc dan Phap dua cu ra xet xu cong khai, tha bdng va giam long a H u l cho din khi mat (1940)

* Cling hoat dong voi Phan Boi Chau, dau the ky c6 Phan Chau Trinh Khi.vii cliQiig thul a Nam ky xay ra (1908) Phan Chau Trinh bj bit va bj day di Con Dao

ba nam Den ngay 24/3/1926, cii Phan Chau Trinh qua dai sau mot thai gian oin

ngng tai Sai Gon 14 van ngirai da xuong dua cu ve noi an ng)ii aioi cmg Sau dam

tang, khap Bac Trung, Nam deu to chirc le truy dieu

Nhin chung, phong trao dau tranh ciia giai cap tir san dan toe tuy t h i hien long yeu nuoc nhung mang tinh chat thoa hiep, cai luong va ngay xa roi di den cho doi '^P voi quan chung Tieng noi va boat dong cua tieu tu san manh me ban hhieu, cliua dyng nhieu yeu to tien bo, dugc quan chung ung hg, song ciing khong the dua

'^UQc dau traiih den thang Igi, do thilu duong loi chinh trj dung dSn

2 Phong trao cong nhan (1919-1925)

«• Sir ra dm ciia giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam

Cling voi cuoc khai thac thugc dia ciia Thuc dan Phap, giai Cc4p cong nhan Viet Nam ra dai va ngay cang Ian len nhanh chong Trirac chien tranh so lugng cong 'inan moi chi c6 khoang 5 van, sau chien tranh tang len khoang 10 van va d i n nam '929 len d i n 22 van

15

Giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam ngay cang truong thanii niianh ciiong trong nhung

nam 20 cua the ky X X Ngoai nhung dac diem chung ciia cong nhan qu6c te, cong

nhan Viet Nam con cd nhirng dac diem rieng: Bj ba tang Idp ap biic boc lot cua di

quoc, phong kien, tu san ngudi Viet Nam; cd quan he tir nhien gSn bd voi nong

dan; ke thiia truyen thong yeu nude, anh hung bat khuat cua dan toe sdm tiep thu

anh hudng cua chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin Vi vay, giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam c6

du kha nang hoan thanh su' menh lanh dao each mang Viet Nam Muon lanh dao

duoc each mang giai cap cong nhan phai thanh lap duoc mot chinh Dang doc lap

ciia minh, dang d6 phai theo chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin, c6 diidng loi each mang

diing dan, to chuc chat che, ky iuat nghiem minh

b Phong trao cong nhan trong giai ctoan 1919- 1925

Sinh ra d mot nude thuoc dia niia phong kien, nen ngay tu dau cong nhan Viet

Nam da bj boc lot nang ne, vi the ho sdm budc len con dudng dau tranh each

mang

Vao thai ky dau (trudc 1919) do so luong con it, trinh do giac ngo con thap nen

nhirng cuoc dau tranh cua cong nhan chi dien ra le te, roi rac d tung xi nghiep, tCf;ig

kip thg Muc dich dau tranh chu yeu doi quyen loi ve kinh te nhu tang luong, giam

gid lam Hinh thi'rc dau tranh chii yeu la dap pha may mdc, danh cai ky, chu thau,

pha giao keo, bd tron tap the

T u nam 1919 trd di, phong trao ngay cang phat trien cao hon

M d dau la cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan thuy thu Hai Phong, Sat Gon doi phu

cap gia sinh hoat len cao (1919)

Nam 1922 cong nhan vien chi'rc cac so cong thuong cua tu nhan d Bac Ky bai

cong doi nghi ngay chu nhat cd luong

Sang nam 1924, no ra nhieu cuoc bai cong ciia cong nhan cac Nha may det,

rugu, xay gao d Nam Djnh, Ha Noi, Hai Duong

Dang chu y nhat ia cuoc bai cong cua hon 1.000 cong nhan xirdng may Ba Son

(sua chua va ddng tau thuy cua hai quan Phap) d cang Sai Gdn, thang 8/1925, cuoc

bai cong vdi muc dich ngan chan khong cho tau chien Phap dira linh sang dan ap

each mang d Trung Quoc va thuoc dia Phap d chau Phi

Cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan Ba Son thang loi danh dau budc t i l n mdi cua

phong trao cong nhan Viet Nam, md dau thai ky giai cap cong nhan cong nghiep di

vao dau tranh tu giac va tao dieu kien cho tu tudng each mang thang Mudi Nga

tham sau vao Viet Nam

Trong nhiTrng nam 1919-1925, d nude ta da no ra 25 cuoc d4u tranh rieng le cua

cong nhan, cd qui mo tuang doi Idn Trong cac cuoc dAu tranh ky ciia cong nhan da

su dung mot hinh thiie dau tranh mang dac trung ciia minh la bai cong va dan dan

di vao to chuc

Nhin chung phong trao cong nhan trong thai ky nay con mang nang tinh chat tu

phat Tuy vay phong trao cong nhan cung da giir mot vj tri quan trong trong phong

trao yeu nude

16

4 Nguyen Ai Quoc va viec truyen ba chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin ve trong nu-oc (1919-1925)

a Cuoc hanh trinh tint dwongcwu nu&c ciia Nguyin Ai Quoc

* Vai net hoan canh lich su

Nguyen A i Quoc sinh ngay 19/5/1890 t^i lang Kim Lien huyen Nam Dan, tinh Nghe A n Sinh ra trong mot gia dinh nha nho ngheo yeu nude, tren que huong giau truyen thdng each mang Ldn len trong hoan canh nude mat nha tan, lai duoc chu'tlg ki§n sir that bai ciia cac phong trao yeu mrdc duoc tiep xiic vdi nhieu nha each mang duong thai , tat ca da hun due trong Nguyen A i Quoc long yeu nude

va y chi quyet ra di tim dudng ciiu nude

* Qua trinh tim duang ci'm nu&c den vai Chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin:

Ngay 5/6/1911, Ngudi lay ten la Ba, xin lam phu bep tren tau do doe Latouche Trevile, rdi ben cang Nha Rdng bat dau cuoc hanh trinh tim dudng ciru nude

Nam 1912, Ngudi tiep tuc lam thue cho mot chiee tau khac, de tu Phap di Tay

Ban Nha, Bo Dao Nha, Tuynidi, Angieri, Chine Cu6i nam 1912, Ngudi di MT, cuoi nam 1913 tu MT trd^ ve Anh

Qua nhieu nam bdn ba d hai ngoai, Ngudi nhan r5: "Giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan cac nude deu la ban, chu nghTa d^ qudc d dau ciing la ke thu" Do la ca

sd true tidp dau tien giiip Ngudi de dang tiep thu quan diem ve giai cap va dau

tranh giai c4p ciia Chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin sau nay »

Nam 1917, Cach mang thang Mudi Nga bung no va thang Igi Cuoc each mang nay da lam rung chuyen the gidi, thirc tinh cac dan toe phuong Ddng chuyen bien

tu tudng cua nhieu nha each mang

Vao thai d i l m nay, Nguyen A i Quoc rdi Luan Don (Anh) ve Pari (Phap) Ngudi tham gia hoat ddng trong phong trao cong nhan Phap va tim hieu ve Cach mang thang Mudi Nga

Nam 1919, cac nude d l quoc thang tran hop Hoi nghi Vecxai, Nguyin A i Quoc thay mat nhu'ng ngudi Viet Nam yeu nude gui ban yeu sach 8 diem len Hoi nghj doi: quyen tu do dan chD, quyen binh dSng va quyen tir quyet dan toe Day la don true dien d5u tien giang vao bon triim de qudc, da c6 tieng vang Idn doi vdi nhan dan Viet Nam, nhan dan Phap va nhan dan cac nude thuoc dja Phap Ten tudi cua Nguyen A i Qudc tir dd dugc nhieu ngudi biet den

Thang 7/1920, Ngudi doc dirge "So thao luan cuong ciia Le-nin ve van de dan toe

va thuoc dia" Luan cirong da chi cho Nguyin A i Qudc con dudng giai phong dan

tgc minh Tir dd, Nguyin A i Quoc qiiyet djnh di theo Le-nin, di theo Qu6e te Cong

san Tai Dai hoi Tua vao thang 12/1920, Ngudi bo phieu tan thanh Qudc te thii ba va tham gia thanh lap Dang Cong san Phap T u dd, Ngudi chgn con dudng each mang

v6 san trong d4u tranh giai phong dan tgc, Ngudi khang djnh: "Muon ciru nude va

giai phdng dan tgc, khdng cd con dudng nao khac, con dudng each mang vd san" Nhu vay sau nhieu nam bdn ba d hai ngoai, Nguyen A i Quoc da tim ra con dudng cuu nude diing dan, do la con dudng ket hgp doe lapdan tgc vdi Chii nghTa

xa hoi, kk hgp tinh than yeu nude vdi tinh thSn quoc te v6 san Day la cdng lao to

.Ian dau tien cua Ngudi

THi; VIEN T!WHf5INHTHUA.%'

17

b Nguyen Ai Quoc v&i viec citudn hi ve chinit tri tiv twang vd td chtec cho viec

thdnh lap chfnlt dang cua giai cap vd sdn

Sau khi tiep nhan,Cliu ngliTa Mac - Le-nin, tim ra con duong cuu nu'oc diing

dan, Nguyen A i Quoc tich cue hoat dong nham truyen ba chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin

vao trong nu'6'c Qua trinh nay trai qua cac thai ky sau:

* Thai ky a Phdp (1920-1923)

Nguyen A i Quoc tich cue hoat dong trong phong trao cong nhan Phap^ tranh thu

su ling ho eiia giai cap eong nhan Phap doi v o i Viet Nam

N g u a i tham g i a l ^ o i "Nhirng nguoi yen nuoc tai Phap" van dong kieu bao ling

ho dau tranh giai phong dan toe

Ngu'ai Cling mot so nha yeu nuoc a cac thuoe dja Phap, sang lap hoi " L i e n hiep

cac dan toe thugc dja" (1921) de gay tinh doan ket giua each mang Viet Nam v a i

each mang the g i a i

Ngirai tham gia xay dung bao "Le Paria", " N g u o i eung kho" vao nam 1922

Ngu'ai con viet nhieu bai dang tren bao "Nhan dao", "Dai song eong nhan" T i e u

bieu nhat la euon "Ban an che do thue dan Phap"

N h i j n g sach bao do N g u o i viet, mot mat to cao toi ac cua bon de qu6c, nhat la

de quoc Phap a Dong Duong; mat khac khich le long yeu nuoc cho dong bao,

tuyen truyen chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin van dong quan chung dau tranh

* Thai kj' a Lien X6 (1923 - /924)

Giu'a 1923, Nguyen A i Quoc bi mat roi Phap sang Lien X 6 du hoi nghj Quoc te

nong dan (10/1923) Sau do, N g u o i a Lien X 6 mot thai gian ngSn d l hoat dong

trong Quoc te Cong san, hoc tap them ve ly kian cua chu nghTa Mae - Le-nin va

thue tien ve Cach mang thang M u a i Nga

Trong thai gian nay, N g u o i viet "nhieu bai dang tren bao "Sir that", ca quan

ngon liian ciia Dang Cong san Lien X 6 , "Thir tin quoc te" - eo quan ngon luan eiia

Quoc te Cong san

Thang 7/1924, N g u o i dir Dai hoi V ciia Quoc te Cong san va doe tham luan tai

Dai hoi, trinh bay quan diem cua niinh ve vj t r i chien luge cua each mang thugc

dia, moi quan he giira phong trao eong nhan a cac niroc de qu6c v o i phong trao

each mang a cac nu'oc thugc dja, ve vai tro va sue manh to Ion eiia giai cap nong

dan a cac nuoc thugc dia '

N h m i g hoat dong ciia Nguyen A i Quoc trong thai gian nay ehii yeu tren mat

tran t u tuong > chinh trj nham truyen ba chii nghTa Mae - Le-nin vao nuoc ta

N h u n g tu-tuang do la: • '

+ ChCrnghTa tir ban, chii nghTa de quoc la ke thu chitng eiia giai cap v6 san

va nhan dan eaC niiac thugc dja

+ Xac djnh giai cap eong nhan c6 dii kha nang lanh dao each mang thong

qua dgi tien phong la Dang Cong san

* Thcri ky a trimg Quae (1924-192 7),

Thang 11/1924 N g u y i n A i Quoc t u Lien X o ve Quang Chau (Trung Quoc) d l

tap hg-p nhung nguoi yeu nuoc a Viet Nam, truyen ba giao due cho hg chii nghTa

Mac - Le-nin '

18

Dau tien N g u o i t i m hieu va cai to Tarn Tam xa thanh " H o i Viet N a m each mang thanh nien" (6/1925) N g u o i sang lap bao "Thanh nien" (1925) Cung v a i nhieu nha each mang cac nuoc, N g u o i tham gia sang lap "Hoi lien hiep cac dan tgc bj ap buc a A D o n g " de gay tinh doan ket giira each mang cac nuoc trong khu vuc Tai Quang Chau (Trung Quoc), N g u o i da mo nhieu lop huan luyen (1925 -1927) dao tao duge 75 can bg cho each mang.Viet Nam Nhu'ng bai giang ciia

N g u o i sau nay tap hop lai trong euon "Duong kach menh" duge xuat ban a Trung

Qu6e vao nam 1927

N h u n g hoat dong ciia Nguyen A i Quoc da eo tae dung quyet djnh trong viec chuAn bj ve chinh t r j , t u tuong va to chiic cho viec thanh lap chinh dang ciia giai cSp v6 san o Viet Nam

c Nguyin Ai Qudc sang lap Dang Cong sdn Viet Nam

, N a m 1929, a V i e t N a m xuat hien ba to chue cgng san: Dong D u o n g Cong san dang; A n N a m Cgng san dang; Dong Duong Cgng san lien doan Su hoat dong rieng le cua ba t6 ehue Cgng san gay anh hiidng khong tot den tien trinh phat trien cua each mang V i e t Nam

M o t yeu can cap thiet, c & i phai hop nhSt ba to chiie Cgng san thanh mot Dang

Cgng san duy nh4t di lanl: dao each mang Viet Nam Dap ling yeu cau do, N g u y i n

A i Qu6c thay mat Qu6e t(l cgng san chii tri Hgi nghj thanh lap Daug Cgng san Viet Nam (3.2.1930) tai H u a n g Cang - T r u n g Quoc

C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M

C a u 1 Nhfrng su- kien nao tren the gio-i c6 anh huong Ion den each mang Viet Nam tu-sau C h i e n tranh the gioi nhat?

A Su thanh eong cua each mang thang M u a i Nga (11-1917)

B Nguyen A i Quoc dua yeu sach den Hgi nghj Vec-xai (6-1919)

C Nguyen A i Quoc tham d u Dai hgi Tua eiia Dang xa hgi Phap (12-1920)

D N u o c Phap bj khiing hoang kinh te

C a u 2 K h i De tam quoc ik (Quoc te Cong san) thanh lap 6' Mat-xco-'va vao

thang 2-1919 L i i c do Nguyen A i Quoc dang 6' dau?

A C i A n h B CiPhap C C) Lien X 6 D 0 Trung Quoc

C a u 3 Nhirng sir kien nao sau day tao dieu kien thuan loi cho s y truyen ba chu nghTa M a c - L e - n i n vao Viet Nam?

A Qu6c t^ Cgng san duge thanh lap (2-1919)

B Dang Cgng san Phap ra doi (1920)

C Dang Cgng san Trung Qu6e ra dai (1921)

D Tat ca cac su kien tren^

C a u 4 V i sao sau C h i e n tranh the gioi thu nhat, phong tr&io yeu nuoc theo

khiiynh huffng dan chu tu" san phat trien manh me?

A Chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin duge t r u y i n ba sau.rgng vaO'Viet Nam

B Do anh huong t u tuang Tam dan cua Ton Trung Son

C Giai cap eong nhan da c h u y i n sang dau tranh t u giac

D Thue ddn Phapdang tren da suy yeu

19

Cau 5 Phong trao dau tranh dau tien do giai cap tu- san dan toe khoi xupng,

do la: •

A Chong d6c quyen cang Sai Qon

B Chong doc quyen xiiat khau lua gao a Nam K i

C Phong trao "Chan hung noi hoa", "Bai trCr ngoai iioa"

D Thanh lap dang Lap hien de tap hop luc luong quan chi'ing

Cau 6 Ai la nguoi dung ra thanh lap dang Lap hien 6' Viet Nam nam 1923?

A Nguyen Phan Long, Bui Quang Chieu

B Nguyen Thai Hoc Pham Tuan Tai

C Nguyen Khac Nhu, Pho Due Chinh

D Bill Quang Chieu Pham Hong Thai

Cau 7 Nhirng to chuc chinh trj nhu-: Viet Nam Nghia doan, Hoi Phuc Viet,

Hoi Hung Nam, Dang Thanh nien la tien than ciia to chuc nao?

A Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

B Viet Nam quoc dan dang

C Tan Viet each mang dang

D Dong Du'ong Cong san dang

Cau 8 Nhung to' bao tien bo cua tang lop tieu tu- san tri thirc xuat ban trong

phong trao yeu nuoc dan chii cong khai (1919-1926) la:

A "Chuong re", "An Nam tre", "Nhanh U'la"

B "Tin tu'c", "Thoi moi", "Tieng dan" i

C "Chuong re", " f i n tuc", "Nhanh lua" i

D "Chuong re", "An Nam tre", "Nguoi nha que"

Cau 9 Trong phong trao yen nu-o-c dan chii cong khai (1919-1926) c6 hai sy

kien trong nuo'c tieu bieu nhat, do la su' kiln nao?

A Phong trao dau tranh cua cong nhan Ba Son va cong nhan Phu Rierig

B Cuoc dau tranh doi nha cam quytNi Phap tha Phan Boi Chau va dam tang

Phan Chau Trinh

C: Tieng bom cua Pham H6ng Thai vaug no tai Sa Dien va Nguyen A i Qu6c

giVi yeu sach den Hoi Nghj Vec-xai

D Tieng bom cua Pham Hong Thai va phong trao dau tranh doi tha Phan Boi Chau.,

Cau 10 Tran Dan T i l n viet: "Vice do t'; y nho nhung no bao h.ieu bat dau thoi

dai dau tranh dan toe nhu chim en nho bao hieU mua xuan" Su kiln nao sau

day phan anh dieu do?

A Cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan Ba Son

B Cuoc dau tranh doi nha cam quyen Phap tha Phan Boi Chau (1925)

C Phong trao de tang Phan Chau Trinh (1926)

D Tieng bom Pham Hong Thai tai Sa Dien- Quang Chau (6-1924)

Cau 11 Trong nhung nguyen nhan sau day, nguyin nhan nao la nguyen tihan

chu quan lam cho phong trao yeu nuoc dsin chii cong khai (1919 - 1926) cu6i

cung bj that'bai?

A He tu tuong dan chu tu san da tra nen loi thai, lac hau

B Thuc dart Phap con manh du kha nang dan ap phong trao

20

C Giai cap tir san dan toe do yen kem ve kinh te nen uon hen ve chinh trj; tang lop t i l u tu san do dieu kien kinh te bap benh nen khong the lanh dao phong , trao each mang

* D Do chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin ehua duoc truyen ba sau rong vao Viet Nam

Cau 12 Muc tieu dau tranh ciia phong trao cong nhan trong nhung nam 1919

- 1924 chii yeu la:

A Doi quyen Igi ve kinh te • , ]

B Doi quyen Igi ve chhili tri ' i

C Doi qi-yen loi ve kinh te va chinh trj

D Chong thuc dan Phap de giai phong dan toe

Cau 13 Chon dia danh diing de dien vao cau sau day:

Sang nam 1924, c6 nhieu cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan cac nha may det, ruou, xay gao 6-,

A Ha Noi, Hue, Sai Gon B Nam Djnh, Ha Noi, Hai Duong

C Hai Phong, Nam Djnh, Vinh D Ha TTnh, Nghe An Thanh Hoa

Cau M S u kiln nao danh" dau giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam di vao dau tranh tugiac?

A Cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan thg nhugm a Chg Lan (1922)

B Cuoc tong bai cong cua cong nhan Bac Ki (1922)

C Bai cong cua thg may xirong Ba Son cang Sai Gon ngan tau chien Phap di dan ap each mang a Trung Quoc (8-1925)

D Cuoc bai cong cua 1000 cong.nban nha may sgi Nam Djnh (1926)

Cau 15 Su kiln nao thi hien: " T u tuong Cach mang thang Muoi Nga da tham sau hon vao giai cap cong nhan va bat dau biln thanh hanh dong cua giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam"

A Bai cong cua thg m % xuong Ba Son cang Sai Gon (8-1925) "

B Nguyen A i Quoc doc so thao Luan cuong cua Le-nin ve van de dan tgc va thugcdia(7-1920).'

C Tieng bom cua Pham Hong Thai vang doi a Sa Dien- Quang Chau (6-1924)

D Nguyen A i Quoc gui yeu sach den Hoi nghj Vec-xai (1919)

Cau 16 Bac Ho ra di tim duong ciiu nuoc vao ngay thang nam nao? Tai dau?

Dau tiln Bac den nuoc nao?

A Ngay 6-5-1911, tai Sai Gon, dau tien Bac den nuoc Trung Quoc

B Ngay 5-6-1911, tai Phan Thiet, dau tien bac den nuoc Phap

C Ngay 5-6-191 1, tai Sai Gon, dau tien Bac den nuoc Phap

D Tat ca cac cau tren deu dung

Cau 17 Vi sao Nguyin Ai Quoc bo phieu tan thanh Quoc te thu HI?

A Quoc te nay benh vuc chb quyen Igi cua cac nuoc thugc dja

B Quoc te nay giup nhan dan ta dau tranh chong thuc dan Phap

C Quoc te nay de ra duong loi cho each mang Viet Nam

D Quoc te nay chu truong thanh lap Mat.tran giai phong dan tgc a Viet Nam

Cau 18 Cach mang thang MitM Nga thanh cong (1917), Bac Ho di tu nuoc

nao den nuoc nao de nghiln cuu, hoc tap Cach mang thang Muoi Nga?

A Tu MT sang Nga B Tu Phap sang Trung Quoc

C Tir Anh sang Nga D Tu Anh sang Phap

21

Cau 19 Sy kien nao danh dau Nguyen Ai Quoc buoc dau tim thay con du"6ng

cu-u nu-o-c diing dan?

A Nguydn A i Quoc dua yeu sach den Hoi nglii Vec-xai (18-6-1919)

B Nguyin A i Quoc tham gia sang lap Dang Cong san Pliap (12-1920)

C Nguyen A i Quoc doc So tliao Luan cuong cua Le-nin ve van de dan toe va

thuocdia(7-1920)

D Nguyen A i Quoc thanh lap to dure Hoi Viet Nam each mang Thanh nien

(6-1925)

Cau 20 De nghien cihi, hoc tap chu nghia Mac - Le-nin va Cach mang thang Mwcri

Nga, tit nam 1920 den 1923, Nguyen Ai Quoc hoat ttong chii yeu o nuwc nao?

A C i L i e n X o B (3 Phap C 6 T r u n g Q u 6 c D Ci Anh

Cau 21 Dirng truac chu nghia tu- ban va chii nghia de quoc, quyen loi cua

chung ta la thong nhat, cac ban hay nho loi keu goi cii'a Cac Mac: " V 6 san tat

ca cac nit&c doan kit lai;" Hay cho biet doan van tren ciia ai, viet trong tac

pham nao?

A Cua Le-hin, trong So thao Luan cuong ve van de dan tpc va thuoc dja

B Cua Mac - Ang-ghen trong Tuyen ngon Dang Cong san

C Cua Nguyen A i Quoc trong Tuyen ngon cua Hoi Lien hiep tliuoc dja

D Tat ca deu sai

Cau 22 Vao thoi gian nao Nguyen Ai Quoc roi Pa-ri di Lien X6, dat nu-dc ma

tu" laii Ngu-oi mo" u-oc dat chan toi?

A Thang 6-1924 ' B Thang 6-1922

C Thang 12-1923 D Thang 6-1923

Cau 23 Sir kien ngay 17-6-1924, gkn voi hoat ^ong ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc of

Lien Xo, do 1^:

A JMguai dir Dai hoi nong dan Quoc te " ^

B Nguai dir Dai hoi Ian thir V cua Quoc te Cong san

C Nguofi du Dai hoi Quoc te phu nCr

D Nguoi du Dai hoi Ian thu V I I cua Quoc te Cong san

Cau 24 Tac dyng trong qua trinh hoat dong ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc tir nam

1919 den nam 1925 la gi?

A Qua trinh chuSn bj vk tu tuffng chinh trj va to chi'rc cho su thanh lap Dang

Cong san Viet Nam (3-2-1930)

B Qua trinh truyen ba chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin vao Viet Nam ^

C Qua trinh thanh lap ba to chuc Cong san d Viet Nam

D Qua trinh chu^n bj thuc hien chu trirong "v6 san hoa" d l truyen ba chu nghia

Mac - Le-nin vao Viet Nam

Cau 25 Tir nam 1920 den 1925, Nguyen Ai Quoc hoat dong chu yeu a cac

nirdt

A Phap, Lien X6, Trung Quoc

B Phap, Thai Lan, Trung Quoc

C Phap, Lien X6, Trung Qudc, Thai Lan

D Cau A va cau C dung

22

-Cau 26 Trong nhung nam 1919 - 1925 c6 sir kien lich sii' nao tieu bilu gin voi hoat dong ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc?

A Nguyen A i Quoc tim den each inang thang Muoi Nga

B Nguyen A i Quoc den voi chii ngliTa Mac - Le-nin tim ra con duang ciiu

- ViucVcdungdan

C Nguyin A i Quoc dua yeu sach den Hoi nghi Vec-xai

D Nguyen A i quoc thanh lap Hoi lien hiep thuoc dja

Cau 27 S y kien nao duoi day gan lien voi hoat dong ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc d Lien X6 trong nhung nam 1923-1924?

A Tham du Dai hoi Ian thir V ciia Quoc te cong san

B Thanh lap Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

C Thanh lap Hoi lien hiep thuoc dia

D Viet "Ban an che do thuc dan Phap"

C a u 28 Cong lao dau tien to Ion nhat ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc trong nhirng nam 1911-1930 la gi?

A Tir chu nghTa yeu niroc den chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin, tim ra con duang cnru nuoc dung dan

B Thanh lap Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

C Hop nhat ba to chi'ic cong san

D Khoi thao Cuong iTnh chinh trj d^u tien ciia Dang Cpng san V i ^ t Nam

Cau 29 Chon su- kien d cot A cho phu hop voi cot B sau day:

1 Phan Boi Chau A Ban an ch§ do thuc dan Phap

2 Phan Chau Trinh B Muu sat ten toan quy6n Mec-lanh

3 Pham Hong Thai C Khoi xiiong phong trao Dong Du

4 Nguyin A i Quoc D Thuc hien chii triiong cai each dan chu

E Lanh dao cuoc khoi nghTa Yen Bai

G Tim con dirong ciru nuoc sang phuang Tay

H Bi bk o Trung Quoc

Cau 30 Xac dinh moi quan he cap doi giua cac nien dai va sy kien sau day:

1 5-6-1911

2 7-1920 3.6-1925

4 3-2-1930

A Nguyen A i Quoc thanh lap Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang Thanh nien

B Nguyin A i Quoc thanh lap Dang Cong san Vi^t Nam

C Bac H6 ra di tim duong cuu nuoc

D Nguyin A i Quoc doc so thao luan cuong cQa LeTnin ve van

de dan toe va thuoc dja

23

C a u 31 C o n du-crng di tim chan ly ciiu nuwc ciia Nguyen A i Quoc khac voi con

duong cii-u hu'oc ciia lop nguoi di truoc la:

A D i sang phiiong l a y tim duong c u u nuoc

B D i sang chau MT tim duong cuu nuoc ^ '

C D i sang chau Piii t i m duong cuu nuoc

D D i sang phuong Dong tim duong cuu nuoc

C a u 32 S y kien danh dau buwc ngoat trong cuoc doi hoat dong cua Nguyln

A i Quoc la:

A A n h liudng cua Cacii mang tiiang M i r o i Nga nam 1917 d^n t u tuong cini

nu'oc cua Nguyen A i Quoc

B Dua yeu sach d^n Hoi ngiij Vec-xai ( 18-6-1919)

C Doc luan cuong ciia Le-nin ve v^n de dan toe va tiiuoc dja (7-1920 )

D Bo phiSu tan tiianh viee gia nhap Qu6c te t i i u Ba va tiiam gia sang lap Dang

Cong san Pliap( 12-1920)

C a u 33 V a c h tran chinh sach dan ap hoc lot da man cua chii nghia de quoc

noi chung va de quoc Phap noi rieng, thirc tinh cac dan toe bj ap bu-c noi day

Do la noi dung ciia to bao nao ciia Nguyen A i Quoc?

A D o i song cong nhan B Nhan dao

C Ngiro'i Cling kho D Tap ciii.Tlur tin qu6c te

C a u 34 C a u tho' sau day ciia nha tho' C h e L a n Vien phij hop v a i s y kien nao

trong cuoc doi hoat dong cua Nguyen A i Quoc: "Phut khoc dau tien la phiit

B a c Ho cucri":

A k h i sang lap ra H o i lien hiep thuoc dia a Pari,

B K h i doc luan cuong cua Le-nin ve van de dan toe va thuoc dia

C K h i viet bai va lam chu nhiem to bao " N g u o i cCing kho"

D K h i dir Dai hoi Qu6c te Cong san \kn thi'r V (1924)

C a u 35 Nguyen A i Quoc trinh bay lap tru-ong, quan di6m ciia minh ve vj tri

chien luoc ciia each mang ct cac nuoc thuoc dja, ve moi quan he giua phong

trao cong nhan 6' cac nu-oc de quoc voi phong trao C M o' cac thuoc dja, ve vai

tro va sue manh to Ion cua giai cap nong dan 6' cac niroc thuoc dja trong:

A D a i hoi Dang xa hoi Phap hop a Tua (12-1920)

B H o i nghj Quoc te nong dan (6-1923)

C D a i hoi Q u 6 c te C6ng san lAn V (1924)

D D a i hoi dai bieu lan t h u nhat Hoi V N C M Thanh nien (5-1929)

C a u 36 Nam 1922 Nguyen A i Quoc lam chu nhiem kiem chu but bao:

A D o i song cong nhan, B N g u o i ciing kho (Le Paria)

C Nhan dao D Su that

C a u 37 T h o i gian 6-1924 g^n vol hoat dong ciia Nguyen A i Quoc 6' L i e n X 6 ,

do la su* kien nao?

A N g u o i du' H o i nghj Quoc t^ nong dan

B N g u o i dir Dai hoi lan thi'i: V Quoc te Cong san

24

C N g u o i dir Dai hoi quoc te phu nu

D N g u o i dir Dai hoi V I I Quoc te Cong san

C a u 38 T r o n g qua trinh hoat dong de chuan bj cho viec thanh lap Dang Cong san Viet N a m , hoat dong nao sau day ciia Nguyen A i Quoc da dien ra tai Quang C h a u ( T r u n g Quoc)?

A D u hoi nghj quoc te nong dan

B D u dai hoi Quoc te Cong san,

C Ra bao "Thanh nien"

D XuSt ban tac phSm "Ban an che do thirc dan"

C a u 39 T a c pham ciia Nguyen A i Quoc diroc xuat ban nam 1922 la:

A "Ban an che do thirc dan Phap" B " D u o n g Cach menh"

C Bao "Thanh nien'" D Tat ca cCing dung

C a u 40 T h o i gian o L i e n X 6 , 1923-1924, Nguyen A i Quoc da viet bai cho cac to' bao:

A D o i song cong nhan

B Bao Nhan dao, Bao Su that

C Tap,chi T h u tin quoc te, Bao Sir that

D Tap chi T h u t i n quoc te

C a u 41 Nguyen A i Quoc tham gia Dai hoi Quoc te cong san lan thu V (1924) tai L i e n X 6 vao nam bao nhieu tuoi?

A 33 tuoi B 3 4 t u 6 i C 35 tu6i D 36 tu6i

C a n 42 C u o i 1924 da dien r a sur kien gi gan lien voi hoat dong cua Nguyen A i Quoc?

A Nguyen A i Quoc roi Phap sang Lien X 6 d u H o i nghj Quoc te nong dan

B N g u y l n A i Quoc ve Quang Chau - Trung Quoc

C N g u y l n A i Quoc xuat ban tac pham " D u o n g each menh"

D N g u y l n A i Qu6c d u Dai hoi dai bieu lan thu nhat Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien

C a u 43 Nhu-ng s y kien nao du-oi day thue day qua trinh pho bien chii nghia

M a c - L e - n i n vao Viet N a m ?

A Tac phSm " D u o n g each menh" va "Ban an c h i do thue dan" dugc dua vao Viet N a m

B Bao " N g u o i cung kho", bao "Thanh nien" duoc pho bien a Viet Nam

C Chu truong " V 6 san h6a"'cua Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien

D A , B va C dung

C a u 44 Nhu-ng hoat dong nao ciia Hoi Viet Nam C a c h mang thanh nien gSn

bo mat thiet voi vai tro cua Nguyen A i Quoc:

A M a lop tap huan chinh trj dao tao can bo tai Quang Chau - Trung Quoc, ra bao "Thanh nien".'

B B i mat chiiyen cac tac pham cua Nguyen A i Quoc ve nuoc

25

C Chii truong phong trao •"V6 san hoa"

D Phong trao bai cong ciia cong nhan nha may sgi Nam Djnh, nha may Diem

va CLia Ben Thiiy

Cau 45 Y nghia cua nhfrng hoat dong ciia Wguyen Ai Quoc trong nhirng nam

1919-1925?

A Nguyin A i Qii6c tiep nhan tu tirong chii nghTa.Mac - Le-nin

B Chuan bj ve chinh trj, tu tuong va t6 chuc cho sir ra dot cua chinh dang vo

san a Viet Nam

C Xay dung m6i quan he lien minh giua cong nhan va nong dan trong cuoc dau

tranh giai phong dan toe

D Cach mang Viet Nam tra thanh mot bo phan cua each mang the gioi

PHONG T R A O C A C H MANG TRONG NHUMG NAM TRlTOC KHF

DANG CONG SAN V I E T NAM RA DOI (1925 - 1930)

I HOI V I E T NAM C A C H MANG THANH NI^N VA TAN V I E T C A C H

MANG DANG RA DOI

1 Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien, tiea than cua chinh dang v6 san

Thang 11/1924 Nguyen A i Quoc roi Lien X6 di Quang Chau (Trung Quoc)

Nguai flip xuc voi nhieu nha each mang Viet Nam eo mat a day cung mot so

thanh nien hang hai thanh lap "Hoi V\k Nam each mang thanh nien" voi hat nhan

Cong san Doan (6/1925) chuan bj dieu kien d^ thanh lap chinh Dang ciia giai cap

v6 san 6 Viet Nam

Hoat dong quan trong dSu tien cua Hoi la ma lop huan luyen chinh trj do

Nguyin A i Qu6c true ti^p phu trach d l dao tao thanh nien yeu nuac Viet Nam tro

thanh can bo each mang Tir nam 1925 den nam 1927 c6 75 nguoi dir eac lop huan

luyfn nay Mot so duoc chon di hoc t i l p tai Truong Dai hpc Phuang Dong a Lien

X6 hoac truong Quan sir Hoang Pho a Trung Qu6c, con phku Ion tro ve nuoc hoat

+ Nhung quan diem co ban dugc neu len:

* Cach mang la sir nghiep cua qu4n chung, phai t6 chuc, dong vien, lanh dao quSn chung dung len danh do eac giai c^p boc lot

* Dong iuc chinh cua each mang la cong nhan va nong dan, "cong nong

la g6c ciia each mang"

* Nhan to quyet djnh thSng Igi cua each mang Viet Nam la su lanh dao

cua mot dang each mang theo chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin

* Cach mang Viet Nam can doan ket voi giai cap v6 san t h i gioi va la

mgt bg phan ciia each mang the gioi

Trong nhirng nam 1926-1927, ciing voi titan bao Tha.lh nien, tac ph4m "Duong Cach menh" dugc bi mat chuyln tir Trung Qu6c ve, gop phan to Ion truyen ba chu

nghTa Mae - Le-nin vao phong trao cong nhan va phong ^rao yeu nuac

Trong nhung nam 1928-1929 Hgi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien chii truong

"v6 san hoa" dua hgi vien vao eac Nha may, ham mo, don dien ciing s6ng va lao

dgng vai cong nhan d§ tir ren luyen va truyin ba chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin Phong tr&o "v6 san hoa" da gop phan to Ian vao viec nang cao tinh "ty giae" cua phong trao quAn chiing, thiic day qua trinh ket hgp chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin vai phgng trag

cong nhan va phong trao yeu nuac, nhanh chong thanh lap mgt chinh dang each

mang cua giai cap v6 san a Vi^t Nam

2 Tan Viet each mang dang va sa phan hoa ciia to chiic do

Khi Hgi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien ra dai a nuac nggai thi a trong nuac

Tan Viet each mang dang cung ra doi

Tien than cOa Tan Viet each mang dang la hgi Phuc Viet (7/1925) sau do d6i ten thanh Hgi Hung Nam, Hgi Him_g Nam lai tiep tuc d6i ten thanh Viet Nam each mang dang (1926) roi Viet Nam each mang dong chi hgi (1927) cuoi ciing la Tan Viet each mang dang

Tan Viet each mang la to chiic chinh trj ciia nhung tri thirc nho va thanh nien

tieu tu san yeu nuac Dja ban hoat dgng chii yiu a Trung Ky

Qua trinh hoat dgng ciia Tan Viet each mang dang phan hoa theo hai khuynh huong

Mgt bg phan tien tien ciia Tan Viet ehuyin sang Hgi Viet Nam each mang thanh

"ien, bg phan tien tien egn lai tich cue chuSn bi tien toi thanh lap mgt Dang kieu Tioi theg chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin

27

n V I E T N A M Q U O C D A N D A N G V A K H O I N G H I A Y E N B A I

1 Viet Nam quoc d^n dang thanh lap I

Khong bao laii sau klii Hoi Viet Nam each mang t t e n h nien va Tan V i f t each

mang Dang ra d o i , Viet Nam quoc dan Dang cung ra doi (25/12/1927)

C o so hat nhan d4u tien cua Dang la Nam D6ng thu xa, mot nha.xuat ban tien

bo do Pham TuSn Tai lap ra dau nam 1927

Viet Nam Quoc dan Dang ISy chii nghTa Tam dan ciia Ton T r u n g Son lam ton

chi, muc dich

Day la Dang each mang theo khuynh huong dan chu t u san, tieu bieu cho bo

phan t u san dan toe do Nguyen Thai Hoc, Pham Tuan T a i Nguyen Khae Nhu va

Pho Dire Chinh sang lap Muc tieu ciia Viet Nam Qu6e dan Dang la danh duoi

dugc thuc dan Phap, xoa bo ngoi vua, thuc hien nhan quyen

Thanh phan Dang vien trong Viet Nam Quoc.dan Dang phuc tap, ket nap hoc

sinh, sinh vien, cong chac, t u san dan toe, phii nong, than hao dia chii va ca mot so

binh linh nguai Viet trong quan doi Phap

La mot Dang boat dong bi mat nlurng t6 chiic long leo, ky luat thieu nghiem

minh, ket nap Dang vien bua bai, thuc dan Phap Igi dung so ho nay dua tay chan

vao Dang, theo doi nSm bat moi boat dong ciia Dang va cho dip ra tay dan ap

2 Cuoc khoi nghia Y e n Bai (2-1930)

* Nguyen nhan hung nd: Ngay 9/2/1929 tai Ha N o i xay ra vu am sat ten trum

mo phu Badanh Thuc dan Phap t6 chuc nhieu cuoc hk bo, tu day, ca nhirng nguoi

tinh nghi c6 lien quan thugc bat c u to chuc each mang nao, gay ra biet bao ton that

cho piiong trao each mang dang tren da tiSn len Viet Nam quoc dan dang bj thiet

hai rat naiig, c6 t o i 1000 dang vien bj bSt, co so d nhieu noi bj pha va, can bo ciia

dang t u T r u n g irang den dja phuong hau h i t bj sa liioi giac D u n g truoc tinh hinh

do, cac yeu nhan con lai cua dang quyet dinh, doc het lire lugng con lai cho mot

cuoc bao dgng, v o l tinh than "khong thanh cong cung thanh nhan"

* Diin bien: Oesn 9/2/1930 khoi ngKTa n6 ra tr-uoc tien a Yen Bai sau do d Phii

Tho, Hai D u o n g , Tiiai Binh, a Ha N o i cung c6 n^m bom phoi hgp

Tai Yen Bai, quan khoi nghTa chi6m dugc trai linh, g i l t va lam bi thuong mot

so sT quan sT quan Phap, nhung khong lain chii dugc tinh l y nen hom sau quan

Phap phan cong va tieu diet 6 cac noi khae, nghTa quan chi tam thofj lam chu may

huyen nho, sau do da nhanh chong bi Phap chiem lai Cuoc khoi nghTa bj that bai

nhanh chong, N g u y l n Thai Hgc va 12 dong chi ciia ong ta bj thuc dan Phap ket an

t u hinh, truac khi ien may chem cac ong da hien ngang ho to " V i e t Nam van tue"

* Nguyen nhan that hai: Ve khach quan, thuc dan Phap con du manh de dan ap

mot cuoc khoi nghTa vira c6 doc vua non kern nhu khoi nghTa Yen Bai

Ve chii quan, Viet N a m qu6c dan dang con non yeu ve to chuc va lanh dao,

cuoc khoi nghTa lai n6 ra trong tinh the bj dong, phong trao dan tgc, dan chii theo

khuynh huong dan chii t u san, khong dap ung dirge yeu cau khach quan ciia sir

nghiep giai phong dan toe Viet N a m

* YnghTa: Cuoc khai nghTa Yen Bai tuy that bai, nhung da gop phan c6 vu long

yeu nuoc va y chi cam thu ciia nhan dan ta doi v 6 i be 10 ciidp niroc va be lu ban

nuoc; dugc nhan dan trong nuoc va cac luc lugng ngoai nuoc iing ho

Cuoc khoi nghTa Yen Bai that bai keo theo su tan ra ciia Viet Nam quoc dan Dang, danh dau sir pha san hoan toan ciia duong loi chinh trj t u san

I I I P H O N G T R A O C O N G N H A N (1925-1929)

1 Su" chuyen hoa tir t y phat sang t y giac ciia phong trao cong nhan

Hoat dong triiyen ba chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin ve nuoc ciia H g i Viet Nam each mang thanh nien dugc day manh, nhat la phong trao "v6 san Iioa" c6 tac dong manh

d i n phong trao ciia quan chiing trong nhung nam 1 9 2 5 - 1 9 2 t r u o c het d i n phong trao cong nhan, chuyen dan sang t u giac, de d i n nam 1930 thi hoan toan tir giac

Anh huong den phong trao dau tranh cua nhan dan ta trong thai ky nay con c6

nhung su kien ben ngoai:

+ Dai hgi l4n thii' V, Quoc te cong san (6/1924) a Matxcova de ra nhung

Nghj quyet quan trgng ve phong trao each mang ciia cac nuoc thugc dja

+ Cach mang dan tgc dan chu a Trung Quoc phat t r i l n manh me voi trung tam a Quang Chau

+ Hoat dong ciia Nguyen Ai Quoc ciing v o i nhung nha each mang Viet Nam tai Quang Chau tir nam 1925 den nam 1927 chuan bi true t i l p va toan dien cho

mot chinh Dang ciia giai cap v6 san ra doi a Viet Nam

Tinh hinh tren da tac dong manh d i n bg phan t i e r t i l n ' t r o n g luc lugng each mang nuoc ta, qua do tac dong den su giac ngg chin!i t r i ciia giai cap cong nhan, lam cho phong trao dau tranh ciia cong nhan phat t r i l n len buoc cao han

Trong nhung nam 1926-1927 lien tiep no ra nhieu i ugc bai cong ciia cong nhan L6n nbAt la cuoc bai cong ciia 1.000 cong nhan Nha nay Sgi Nam D i n h , ciia 500

cong nhan don dien cao su Cam Tien

^Trong hai nam 1928-1929 phong trao each mang phat t r i l n manh, mang tinh

thong nhat toan quoc Co t o i 40 cuoc dau tranh ciia cong nhan cac i n i l n Ion nh^t la

cuge bai cong ciia cong nhan a N h a may x i man^ va Nha may sgi Hai Phong, Nha

m^y sgi Nam Djnh, Nha may diem va cua B i n Thuy, Nha may xe lira T r i i o n g Thi

(Vinh) Nha may da Sai Gon, don dien cao sU Lgc Ninh'

2 Dac diem ciia phong trao cong nhan

+ Cac cuoc dau tranh ciia cong nhan no ra lien t i i c ' r g n g khSp, mang tinh chinh trji buoc dau da lien ket dugc nhieu nganh, n h i l u dja phuong

+ CuQc dau tranh c6 su lanh dao va phoi hgp kha chat che K h ^ u hieu dau tranh

"gay cang nang dan len: tir dau t-ranh doi quyen Igi ki'nh t l c h u y i n sang dau tranh

doi quyen Igi chinh tri ' ,

^ + Trinh do chfnh trj cua giai cap cong nhan da dugc nang ien ro ret Giai cap

^9ng nhan da tra thanh mot luc lugng chinh trj dgc lap

Phong trao c^iig nhan ngay cang len cao, d o i hoi t6 chu'c, lanh dao cung phai

Cao han mai dap u'ng yeu cau ciia each mang, tir do dSn t o i su tan ra ciia cac to

chuc Thanh nien Tan Viet va su- xuat hiSn ba to chuc each mang: Dong Duang

cong san dang (6/1929); An Nam cong san dang (7/1929) va Dong Duong cong

san lien doan (9/1929) Cu6i ciing ba t6 chuc hop nhat thanh Dang Cong san Viet

Nam (3/2/1930),

IV BA T O CHlTC C O N G SAN NOI T I E P RA DOfl T R O N G NAM 1929

Cuoi nam 1928 dau nam 1929, phong trao each mang theo khuynh hucVng v6

san phat trien manh me 6 nuoc ta Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien khong con

dii sue lanh dao each mang Yeu c4u cua each mang Viet Nam phai c6 Dang Cong

san de kip thai lanh dao each m.ang

Cu6i thang 3/1929, mot so Hoi vien tien tien cua Hoi Viet Nam each mang

thanh nien a Bac Ky da hop a nha s6 5D ph6 Ham Long (Ha Noi) lap ra Chi bo

Cong san dau tien a Viet Nam gom 7 nguoi, tich cue chuan bi tien toi thanh lap

mot Dang Cong san thay the cho Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

Tai Dai hoi l4n thu nhk cua Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien hop trong

thang 5/1929, a Hirong Cang (Trung Qu6c) khi'kien nghi cua minh dua ra ve viec

thanli lap Dang Cong san khong duoc chap nhan, Doan dai bieu BSc Ky lap tuc bo

ve nuac

-Ngay 17/6/1929, nhom trung kien cong san Bac Ky hop va quyet djnh thanh lap

Dong Duong Cong san Dang,' hku Ban chap hanh Trung uong Lam thai, thao

chuang trinh, dieu le, diia theo chuong trinh dieu le cua Qudc te cong san, ra bao

Bua Hem

.Su ra dai va hoat dong cua Dong Duong Cong san Dang c6 anh hueVng tich ctrc

den bo phan con lai cua Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien Thang 7/1929, nhieu

hoi vien tien tien a Nam Ky, Nam Trung Ky va a Trung Qu6c giai the to chuc cu

de tHanh lap An Nam Cong san Dang

Sir ra dai cua Dong Duong Cong San Dang va An Nam Cong San Dang da c6

tac dong manh ddn su phan boa cua Tan Viet each mang Dang cac Dang vien tien

tien ciia Tan Viet dung ra thanh lap Dong Duong cong san lien doan (9/1929) a

Trung Ky

Nhu vay, chi trong vong khong dhy 4 thang a Viet Nam ba to chuc Cong san

Ian luot ra dai danh dau buac truong thanh vuot bac cua giai cap cong nhan va

hoat dcijig cija no thuc day phong trao cong nhan, phong trao yeu nuoc len cao, la

buac chuan bj t\kn toi thanh lap mot Dang Cong san duy nhSt

CAU HOI T R A C N G H I E M

Cau I , Hoi Viet Nam each mang Thanh nien du-oc thanh lap vac thoi gian

nao?6(dau?

A Thang 5 -1925 a Quang Chau (Tjamg Quoc)

B Thang 6 - 1925 a Hirang Cang (Trung Quoc)

C Thang 7 - 1925 a Ouang Chau (Trung Quoc)

D Thang 6 - 1925 a Quang Chau (Trung Quoc)

30

Cau 2 Co' quan ngon luan ciia Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien la:

A Bao Thanh nien

B Tac pham "Duong each menh"

C "Ban an che do thuc dan Phap"

D Bao "Nguoi cCing kho"

Can 3 Ba tu tuong sau day diroc trinh bay trong tac pham nao cua Nguyen Ai Quoc?

-Cach mang la su-nghiep ciia quan Chung

- Cdcli mang pftdi do dang theo chu nghia Mac - Le-nin lanh dao

- Cach mang Viet Nam phai gdn bo va doan kit v&i each mang the gic'ri

A Tap chi thu tin quoc ti B "Ban an chg do thuc dan Phap"

C "Duong each menh" D Tat ca cung dung

Can 4 Vira ve toi Quang Chau (Trung Quoc) va truoc khi thanh lap Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien, Nguyen Ai Quoc da thanh lap t6 chu-c ehinh tri n^6?

A Hoi Lien hiep tluioe dia '

B Hoi Lien hiep cac dan toe bj ap buc a A Dong '

C Hoi Lien hiep thanh nien Vi^t Nam

D Tan Viet each mang dang

Can 5 Hay neu ro thanh phan va dja b^n hoat dong ciia Tan Viet each mang dang?

A Cong nhan va nong dan, hoat dong a Trung Ki

B Tu san dan toe, cong nhan, hoat dong a Bac Ki

C Tri thuc tre va thanh nien tieu tu san, hoat dong a Trung K i

D Tat ca cac giai cap va tang lop, hoat dong a Nam K i

Cau 6 Tan Viet each mang dang da phan hoa nhu the nao duoi tac dong cm

Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien?

A Mot so dang vien tien tiln chuyen sang Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien

B Mot so tien tien con lai tich cue chuSn bi tien tdi thanh lap mot ehinh dang kieumoi theo chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin

C Mot so gia nhap vao Viet Nam quoc dan dang

D Cau A va B deu dung

Cau 7 Viet Nam quoc dan dang duoc thanh lap vao nam nao? Dia ban hoat

^ong ehinh 6'dau?

A 25-12-1925, dja ban hoat dong chu y6u a Bac Ki

B 25-12-1926, dja ban hoat dong chu yeu a Trung Ki

C 25-12-1927, dja ban hoat dong chu yeu a Bac Ki,

D 25-12-1927, dja ban hoat dong chu y8u a Trung Ki

Cau 8 Viet Nam quoc dan dang la mot dang chrnh trj theo xu hu-ong nao?

A Dan chu V6 san B Dan chii tu san

C Dan chu tiau tu san D Dan chu v6 san va tu san

31

C a u 9 M u c tieu cua Viet Nam qiioc dan dang la gi?

A Danh dii6i tluic dan Phap, xoa bo ngoi viia

B Danh du6i tliuc dan Phap, thiet lap dan quyen

C Danh duoi giac Phap, danh dp ngoi vua, thiet lap dan quyen

D Danh d6 ngoi vua, danh duoi giac Phap, lap nen nuoc Viet Nam doc lap

C a n 10 C u o c khoi nghia ciia Viet Nam quoc dan dang no r a dem 9-2-1930 o

Y e n B a i , sau do no r a 6' cac tinh nao?

A G> Phil Tho, Hai Duong, Ha TTnh B 0 Hoa Binh, Lai Chau, Son La

C 0 VTnh Yen, Phuc Yen, Yen The D 6 Phu Tho, Hai Duong, Thai Binh

C a u 11 K h o i nghia Yer B a i ( 9-2-1930) that bai, do nguyen nhan khach quan nao?

A Giai cap t u san dan toe lanh dao

B T o chuc Viet Nam quoc dan dang con non yeu

C K h o i nghTa n6 ra hoan toan bj dong

D De quoc Phap con nianh

C a u 12 Q u a trinh phan hoa cua Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien da dan

den s u thanh lap cac to chuc cong san nao trong nam 1929?

A Dong D u o n g cong san dang, A n Nam cong sain dang, r

B Dohg D u o n g cong san dang A n Nam cong san fiang va Dong Duong cong

san lien doan

C Dong D u o n g cong san lang, Dong Duong cong sen lien doan

D A n Nam cong santdang, Dong D u o n g cong sail lien doan

C a u 13 Bao " B u a liem" la co- quan ngon luan cua t(i chiic cong san nao duoc

thanh lap nam 1929 6 Viet Nam?

A Dong D u o n g cong san lien doan

B Dong D u o n g cong san dang

C A n N a m cong san dang i

D E)6ng Duo'ng cong san dang va An Nam cong san dang

C a u 14 S u phan hoa ciia T a n Viet each mang dang da dan den thanh lap to

chuc cong san nao 6' Viet Nam nam 1929? i

A Dong D u o n g cong san dang

B A n Nam cong san dang i

C D o n g D u o n g cong san lien doan ,

D Dong D u o n g cong san dang va Dong Duong cong san lien doan

C a u 15 B a n g each danh so thir ty, hay sSp xep cac s y kien Ijch s u sau day

theo t h u t u t)ien nien su

S o t h u t u C a c s u kien Ijch sir

A Thanh lap H o i Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

B Nguyen A i Quoc dua yeu sach den H o i nghj Vec-xai

C Thanh lap Tan Viet each mang dang

32

D A n Nam cong san dang duoc thanh lap

E Nguyen A i Quoc doc so- thao Luan cuong cua Le-nin ve van d^ dan toe va thuoc dja

G Dong D u o n g cong san dang ra d o i

H Viet Nam quoc dan dang thanh lap

I Tac pham " D u o n g each menh" cua N g u y i n A i Qu6c xuat ban

a Trung Quoc

K Dong D u o n g cong san lien doan thanh lap

L K h o i nghTa Yen Bai cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang

C a u 16 C a c yeu nhan trong to chuc Viet Nam quoc dan dang:

A Nguyen Thai Hoc, Pham Tuan Tai, Nguyen Khac N h u , Ton Trung Son

B Nguyen Thai Hoc Pham Tuan Tai, Nguyen Khac Nhu, Pho Due Chinh

C Nguyen Thai Hoc, Pham Tuan Tai, Nguyen Khac N h u , Nguyen Phan Long

D Nguyen Thai Hoc, Nguyen Phan Long, Biii Quang Chieu, Pho Due Chinh

C a u 17 C a c sach bao nao sau day gSn lien voi hoat dong ciia Nguyen A i Quoc

C " N g u o i cung kho", "Thanh nien", "Ban an chi do thuc dan Phap", " D u o n g

each menh", "Nhan dao"

D Tat ca deu dung

C a u 18 C a u nao duoi day la y nghia ciia s u thanh lap ba to chuc cong san nam 1929?

A Cham dut thai k i khung hoang ve duong 161 ciia each mang Viet Nam

B M a ra mot biioc ngoat Ijch sti' v6 cung to Ion cho each mang Vi?t N a m

C La buoc chuan bj true tiep cho su thanh lap dang Cong san Viet N a m

D La ket qua tat yeu cua su ket hop giiia chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin v a i phong trao cong nliaii va phong trao yeu nuac a Viet N a m

C a u 19 Noi cac cot A , B , C cho phii hop voi ten to chuc, khuynh huonh tu tuong va huffng phat trien ciia cac to chuc chinh trj truoc khi thanh lap Dang ^ Cong san Viet Nam

Cau 20 Noi ten cac to chu-c cong san gSn voi cac dia danh cho sin sau day:

1 Dong Duong cong san dang

2 An Nam cong san dang

3 Dong Duong cong san lien doan

A Nam Ki

B Trung Ki

C BSC Ki

D Quang Chau - Trung Qu6c

Cau 21 Quan hie gifra Tan Viet each mang dang va Hoi Viet Nam-Cach mang

thanh nicn la:

A Tan Viet ci'r nguoi sang dir cac lop luian iuyen cua tiianii nien

B Tai) Viet van dong iiop nh^t voi thanli nien

« C Hoi Viet Nam cacli mang thanii nien van dong hop nhat voi Tan Viet

D Tan Viet cu nguoi sang du cac lap liuan iuyen cua tlianh nien va van dong

hop nhat voi thanii nien

Cau 22 Vi sac trong noi bo cua Tan Viet each mang dang phan hoa?

A Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien phat trien manh, iy liian va tu tuong

each mang ciia chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin c6 anh huong den so dang vien tre

ciia Tan Vi$t

B Noi bo Tan Viet i<h6ng thong nhat

C Tac dong cua tinh hinh the gioi vao Viet Nam

D Sir van dong hop nhk cua Hoi Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien

Cau 23 Duo-i tac dong cua he tu- tu-ong nao lam cho Tan Viet each mang dang

bj phan hoa?

A Chu nghTa Tam dan ciia Ton Trung Son

B Tu' tuong dan chu tir san

C Chu ngliTa "Mac - Le-nin

D He tu tuong phong kien

Cau 24 Tu-tming ciia Viet Nam Quoc dan dang chju anh hu-otig ciia tu* tuong nao?

A Chu ngliTa dpn toe

B Chii nghTa Tam dan cua Ton Trung San

C Chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin

D Chu nghTa dan sifrir "

-Cau 25 Dang vien cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang bao gom nhirng thanh phan nao?

A Hoc sinh, sinh vien, ti6u tu san, tri thuc tfe

B Hoc sinh, sinh vien, cong nhan, nong dan, thg thu cong, nhung nguoi buon

ban nho \

C Sinh vien, hoc sinii cong chirc, tu san, lop duoi, nong dan i<ha gia, than hao

dja chu, binh h'nh, ha sT quan nguoi Viet trong quan doi Phap

D Hoc sinh, sinh vien, cong nhan, nong dan, dja chu, phong l<ien

34

Cau 26 Sy non yeu cua to chuc Viet Nam quoc dan dang du-ffc biiu hien & flhirng diem nao?

A Thanh phan dang vien ciia dang phuc tap

B To chiic thieu chat che, long leo^

C Co so quan chung it, boat dong chii y6u 6 BSc K i

D A, B va C dung

Cau 27 Nguyen.nhan tryc ti6p ciia cuoc khoi nghia Yen Bai (9-2-1930)?

A Thirc dan Phap to chuc nhieu cuoc vay rap

B Nhieu co so cua dang bj pha va

"C Bj dong truac tinh t h i thuc dan Phap i<hLmg bo sau vu gik chk Badanh

(9-2-1929) trum mo phu cho cac d6n dien cao su

D Thuc hien muc tieu cua dang: Danh duoi giac Phap, thiet lap dan quy^n

Cau 28 Dja diSm n6 ra cuoc khoi nghia Yen Bai (9-2-1930)?

A Yen Bai, Hai Phong, Ha Noi

B Yen Bai, Ha Noi, Phu Tho

C Yen Bai, Phu Tho, Hai Duong, Thai Binh

D Yen Bai

Cau 29 Nguyen nhan chu quan nao la co' ban lam cho khoi nghia Yen Bai that bai?

A Thuc dan Phap con manh • •

B To chuc Viet Nam quoc dan dang non yeu

C Khoi nghTa no ra bj dong

D Khoi nghTa no ra cham so voi yeu cau

Cau 30 Y nghia lich su- Ion nhSt ciia cuoc kho-i nghTa Yen Bai?

A Gop phan c6 vu, long yeu nuac va chi cam thu ciia nhan dan ta d6i vai be lu cuop nuac va tay sai

B Cham dut vai tro janh dao each mang cua giai cap tu san dan toe d6i vai each mang Viet Nam

C Danh dali su khung hoang ciia khuynh huong each mang dan chu tu san D- Viet Nam quoc dan dang dap ung mot phan yeu cau cua nhiem vu dan toe cua nhan dan ta

Cau 31 Nhan vat nao la chu yeu cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang?

A Phan Boi Chau B Phan Chu Trinh

C Ton Due ThSng D Nguyen Thai Hoc

Cau 32 Nhirng dja danh: Phii Tho, Hai Du-ffng, Thai Binh, co quan h^ vol sir

•^'^n lich sir nao duoi day?

A Phong trao cong nhan trong nhung nam 20 ciia t h i ki X X

B- Su ra doi ciia cong hoi (Bi mat) a Sai Gon- Cho nTon 1920

C Khoi nghTa Yen Bai (9-2-1930)

• D Vu am sat Badanh, trum mo phu (9-2-1929)

35

Cau 33 V i sao cuoi nam 1928 dau nam 1929 nhirng nguoi cong san Viet Nam

thay can thiet phai thanh lap mot Dang Cong san de lanh dao phong trao dau

tranh gianh doc lap, ty do cho dan toe?

A Do phong trao dan toe dan chu d nuoc ta phat trien manh

B Do phong trao dan toe va dan chu, dac biet la phong trao cong nong theo con

duong each mang Viet Nam phat trien manh

C Truoc su that bai cua cuoe khoi nghTa Yen Bai, Viet Nam quoc dan dang tan ra

D Su phat trien manh eua 2 to chuc Thanh Nien va Tan Viet

-Cau 34 So nha 5D pho Ham Long (Ha Noi) noi dien ra sy kien nao?

A Chi bo cong san dau tien a Viet Nam ra doi (3-1929)

B Dai hoi toan quoc Ian thu nhat cua Viet Nam each mang thanh nien (5-1929)

C Thanh lap Dong Duong cong san dang (6-1929)

D Thanh lap An Nam cong san dang (7- 1929)

Cau 35 Chi bo cong san dau tien o' Viet Nam ra doi vao thoi gian nao?

A Thang 1- 1929 B Thang 2- 1929

C.Thang3-1929 D Thang 4-1929

Cau 36 An Nam Cong san dang daoc ra doi tir to chuc nao?

A Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

B Cac hoi vien tien tiln trong Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien a Trung

Quoc va Nam K i

C Cac hoi vien tien tien trong Tan Viet each mang dang

D So con lai cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang

Cau 37 Dong Du'o'ng Cong san dang thanh lap vao thcri gian nao?

A Thang 7 -1929 B Thang 8 - 1929

C Thang 9-1929 D Thang 10 - 1929

Cau 38 Trong ba t6 chuc cong san du-ffc thanh lap nam 1929, to chiic nao ra

doi s&m nhat?

A Dong Duong cong san lien doan

B Dong Duong cong san dang

C An Nam cong san dang

D Dong Duong cong san dang va An Nam cong san dang

Cau 39 Y nghTa ciia viec thanh lap ba to chuc cong san doi vffi sy thanh lap

Dang Cong san Viet Nam la gi?

A Thk hi^n su phat triln manh me eua phong trao dan toe dan chu a Viet Nam

B Dan den sir truong thanh cua giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam

C La biioc chuan bj true tiep cho viec thanh lap Dang Cong san Viet Nam

D A, B, Cdung

Cau 40 S u xuat hien ba t6 chuc cong san 6' Viet Nam vao nam 1929 c6 su hafl

che gi?

A NQI bo nhung nguoi cong san Viet Nam chia re, mat doan ket, ngan can si'

phat trien eua each mang Viet Nam

36

B Phong trao each mang Viet Nam c6 nguy ca tut lui

C Phong trao each mang Viet Nam phat triSn cham lai

D Ke thu loi dung d l dan ap each mang

CSu 41 Hay noi nhan vat a cot (A) phu hap voi su kien of cot (B)

B

1 Nguyen A i Qu6e

2 N g 6 G i a T u

4 Ton Due Thang

5 Pham Hong Thai

6 Bui Quang Chieu

7 Phan Boi Chau

A Vi^t Nam Quoc dan Dang

B Sa Dien (Quang Chau, Trung Quoc)

C Dang Lap hien

D Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

E Chi bo Cong san dau tien d Viet Nam

G Phong trao Dong du

H Cong hoi (bi mat) a Sai Gon - Chg Lon

Cau 42 Sach giao khoa neu ten nhieu to' bao, ten sach: "Chuong re", "An Nam tre", "Nguoi nha que", "Nguoi cung kho", "Nhan dao", "Doi song nhan dan", "Ban an chg do thuc dan", "Su that", "Thu tin quoc te", "Thanh nien",

"Duo'ng each menh" Hay sap xep cac ten sach, bao theo cac nhom:

A Sach bao nuac ngoai

B Sach bao ciia cac phong trao yeu nuac dan chu cong khai

C Sach bao gSn lien vai ho^t dpng cua Nguyen A i Quoc

19 1 voi B, E; 2 vai A, D; 3 voi C, F

20 Noi 1 voi C; 2 vai A, D; 3 voi B

21 D 22 A 23 C 24 B 25 C

28 C 29 B 30 A 31 C 32 C

35 C 36 B 37 C 38 B 39 D

41 1 : D , 2 : E , 3 : A , 4 : H , 5 : B , 6 : C , 7 : G

42 A "Nhan dao", "Dai s6ng cong nhan", "Su that", "Thu tin quoc t%"

B "Chuong re", "Nguoi nha que", "An Nam tre"

C "Nguai Cling khd", "Thanh nien", "Ban an che do thuc dan", Duong Cach menh", "Nhan dao", "Su that", "Doi song cong nhan", "Thu tin quoc te

Chupcyng II

C U O C C A C H MANG GIAI PHONG DAN TOC VIET NAM

Bai4

D A N G C O N G S A N V I E T N A M R A D d l

a Hodn cdnh licit sie

Nam 1929, do tac dong ciia chu ngliTa Mac - Le-nin, phong trao cong nhan phat

trien m a n h , y thuc giai cSp, y thuc chinh tri ngay cang ro ret Cung vai cac phong

trao dau tranh yeu nuoc khac, ket thanh mot Ian song each mang dan toe, dan chu

manh nie, trong do giai cap cong nhan da thuc sir tro thanh lue lugng tien phong

Thirc tiln do doi hoi cap thiet sir lanh dao thdng nhSt, chat che ciia mot chi'nh Dang

ciia giai cap v6 san

Trong khi do, a Viet Nam da xuat hien ba to chuc coTTg san, ba t6 chuc nay lai nay

sinh mau thuan, nhu tranh gianh Dang vien, tranh gianh quan chiing, tranh gianh anh

hU-5ng, tharn ehi con bai xich Ian nhau lam cho quSn ehiing khong biet theo sir lanh

dao cua to chuc nao Tinh hinh ngay cang keo dai, cang bat loi cho each mang

Truac tinh hinh ay, duoc su uy nhiem cua Qu6c t8 cong san, Nguyin A i Qu6c

datrieu tap HOi nghj g6m cac dai h\k\a cac t6 chuc cong san d^ ban viec hop

nhat thanh mot Dang, tai Cuu Long, eanh Huong Cang (Trung Quoe) tu ngay 3

den ngay 7/2/1930

b^Noi dung Hoi nghi

- Nguy§n A i Quoc da phan tich tinh hinh trong va ngoai nuae, phe phan nhung

hanh dong thi^u thong nhat, nhan thiic hep hoi giua cac t6 chuc cong san va &h

nghi cac to chuc cong san th6ng nhat thanh mot Dang duy nhat

- Nha CO trinh do va uy tin cao cua Nguyin A i Qu6c, cac dai biSu du hoi nghj

da nhat tri xoa bo moi thanh ki8n, xung dot cu, thong nhat eac to chuc cong san

thanh mot Dang duy nhat: Dang Cong san Viet Nam

- Hoi nghi da thao luan va thong qua Chinh cuong vSn tSt, Sach luge van tat,

Di8u le van tat ciia Dang do d6ng ehi Nguyin A i Quoc khoi thao

- Hoi nghj Cling da vaeh ra kg hoach ve nuoc tiSn iianh hop nhat cac to chuc

Cong san va ru- ra Ban C!-JD hanh Trung uang lam thai

^ Sang lap ra ^3ai'g Cgng ba.i'Viet Nam la cong lao to Ion cua Nguyin A i Quoc

doi vai dan toe va giai cap

c Npi dung ca ban cua Chinh cuong vhn ttit, Sach lucre vtin tiit (Cuang ITnh

chinh tri dau tien cua Dang)

Chinh cuang v i n tat, sach luge van tSt, tuy con so luge,.nhung da vaeh ra van

d§ ca ban ve duong loi each mang Viet Nam, do la:

- Con duang phat trien tat y l u cua each mang Viet Nam truoe tien la lam each

mang tu san dan quyen, sau lam each mang x a hoi chu nghTa Hai giai doan each

mang do lien tiep nhau

38

- NhieiTi vu ciia each mang: danh do ach thong trj cua de quoc, phong kien, tu san

nhan each mang Lam cho Viet Nam hoan loan doc lap, dung nen Chinh phii nong

cong binh to chuc ra quan doi cong nong, tjch thu het san nghiep Ion ciia d l qu6c, lay ruong dSt cua bon d l qu6c va bon phan each mang chia cho dan cay ngheo

•- Luc lugng each mang la cong nhan va nong dan Cong nong la goc cua each mang, p'lai Hen minh voi tieu tu san Igi dung hoac trung lap phi'i nong, trong tieu

I dia chu va tu san dan toe nlu ho ehua ra mat phan each mang

- Vai tro lanh dao each mang la Dang cong san Viet Nam, doi tien phong ciia giai cap v6 san Viet Nam Dang lay chii nghTa Mae - Le-nin lam nin tang tu tiiong,

la nhan to quyet dinh thang Igi cua each mang

- Cach mang Viet Nam la mot bg phan ciia each mang v6 san the gioi, phai doan ket chat che voi cac dan toe bi ap buc v a giai cap v6 san quoc te, nhat la giai cap

cong nhan Phap

Chinh cuong van tat, sach luge van tat la cuong ITnh chinh tri dau tien ciia

Dang Tuy con van tat nhung no la cuong ITnh each maiTg giai phong dan toe diing

dan va sang tao, nhuan nhuyin v l quan dilm giai cap, tham dugm tinli dantpcvanhan van Doe lap tu do la tu tuong cot loi cua cuong ITnh nay

2 Luan cirong chinh trj nam 1930

- Tinh chat ciia each mang Dong Duang liic dau la each mang tu san dan quyen

sau lam each m^ng x a hoi chu nghTa bo qua thai ky tu ban chii nghTa

- Nhiem vu ciia each mang Dong Duang; danh d6 cac th§ lire cung cac tan tich

phong k i l n , danh d6 each boe lot theo 16i t i l u tu san, thirc hanh each mang tho dja

cho triet de va danh d6 de quoc chii nghTa, dem lai rugng dat cho dan cay va lam

cho Dong Duong hoan toan doe lap Hai nhiem vu do quan he khang khit voi nliau

- Dong lire eiia each mang la cong - nong Do chinh la mot trong nhi5-ng nhan to dam bao thang Igi cua each mang

- Su lanh dao ciia Dang la dilu kien cot yeu dam bao cho thing Igi cua each mang Dang lAy chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin lam nen tang tu tuong, c6 duang loi chinh trj dung dan, to chuc nghiem minh lien he mat thiet vai quan ehung

- Phai chuan bi cho khoi nghTa vu trang gianh chinh qiiyln

- Cach mang Dong Duong la mot bo phan khang khit cua each mang the gioi, phai thirc hien doan ket quoc te

Luan cuang chinh trj (10/1930) ciia Dang da xac djnh duge nhung van de chien luge trong dau tranh doi cac quyen Igi truoe mat v a lau dai Tuy nhien luan cuang con CO mot so han che nhat dinh, nhu ehua xac dinh mau thuan chii yeu ciia xa hoi thuoe dia, nen khong neu duge van de dan toe len hang dau ma nang ve van de giai cSp v a dau tranh giai cAj? Khong danh gia diing kha nang each niang, long yeu nwac ch6ng Phap ciia tu san dan tgc va t i l u tu san Nhung han c h l do mang tinh chat "ta khuynh" giao dilu Trai qua qua trinh dau tranh each mang, nhung nhugc diem do moi dAn dan duge khac phuc

3 Y nghTa Ijch su- cua viec thanh lap Dang

- Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra doi (3/2/1930) la k i t qua tat y l u ciia cugc dau tranh dan tgc v a dau tranh giai cap trong thai dai moi Dang la san pham ciia sir ket

39

hgp giiia chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin v6i phong trao cong nhan va phong Irao yeu

nuoc Viet Nam trong nljimg thap nien dau cua thi ky X X Dang Cong san Viet

Nam ra dai c6 y nghTa v6 ciing to Ion

- Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra doi, la mot buoc ngoat vT dai trong licli su each

mang Viet Nam No chi'ing to rang, giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam da truong thanh

va du sue lanh dao each mang

- Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra doi, da eham dirt thoi ky khiing hoang vai tro

lanh dao trong phong trao each mang Viet Nam, mo dau thai ky each mang nuoc ta

CO Dang cua giai cap v6 san lanh dao tuyet d6i Tir day each mang Viet Nam thuc

sir tro thanh mot bo phan khang khit cua each mang th^ gioi Cach mang Viet Nam

nhan duge sir ung ho cua each mang the giai, dong thai cimg gop phan minh cho

each mang the giai

- Dang Cgng san Viet Nam ra doi la sir chuan bj tkt yeu dau tien c6 tinh chat

quyet djnh, cho nhirng buoc phat trien nhay vgt ve sau cua dan toe Viet Nam, do la

nhan to quyet djnh thang Igi cua each mang Viet Nam

C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M

Cau 1 Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra doi ia sir ket hop giu'a cac yeu to nao?

A Chu nghTa Mae - Le-nin vai phong trao cong nhan

B Chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin vai t u tuang Ho Chi Minh

C Chu nghTa Mac - Le-nin vai phong trao cong nhan va phong trao yeu nuoc

D Chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin voi phong trao cong nhan va phong trao tu san yeu nuoc

C a u 2 Tu- ngay 3 den ngay 7-2-1930, Hoi nghj hop nhat ba t6 chiic cong san

da hop dau?

A Quang Chau (Trung Quoe)

B Ma Cao (Trung Quoc)

C Cuu Long - Huong Cang (Trung Quoc)

D Cau A va B cung dung

C a u 3 T a i Hoi nghi hop nhat ba to chuc cong san, c6 su' tham gia cua cac t6

chuc cong san nao?

A Dong Duong egng san dang A n Nam cgng san dang

B Dgng Duong cgng san dang A n Nam cgng san dang, Dong Duong cgng san

lien doan

C Dong Duong cgng san.dang, Dong Duong cgng san lien doan

D A n Nam egng san dang, Dong Duong cgng san lien doan

C a u 4 Vai tro cua Nguyen Ai Quoc trong Hoi nghj hop nhdt ba to chuc cong

san (3-2- 1930) the hien nhu the nao?

A Thong nhat cac to chuc cgng san de thanh lap mgt dang duy nhat lay ten la

Dang Cgng san Viet Nam

B Soan thao Cuang ITnh chinh trj dau tien de Hgi nghj thong qua

C Truyen ba chii nghTa Mae- Le-nin vao Viet Nam

D Cau A va B diing

40

C&o 5- duong each mang Viet Nam diroc xac djnh trong Cuong ITnh

hinh trj dau tien do dong chi Nguyen Ai Quoc khoi thao, do la:

/s. Lam each mang tu san dan quyen va each mang rugng dat de tien ien chii nghTa eong san -

B Thuc hien each mang rugng dat cho triet dS

C Tich thu h^t san nghiep ciia bgn de quoc

D Danh d6 dia chii phong kien lam each mang tho dja, sau dtS lam each mang dan toe

Cau 6 L u c luong each mang de danh do de quoc va phong kien duoc neu trong Cuong ITnh chinh trj dau tien ciia Dang do dong chi Nguyen Ai Quoc kho-i thao la luc luo-ng nao?

A Cong nhan va nong dan

B Cong nhan, nong dan va cac tang lap tieu tu san, tri thuc, trung nong

C Cong nhan, nong dan, tiku t u san, t u san va dja chii phong kien

D Cong nhan, nong dan, tu san

Cau 7 Di^m giong nhan giira Cuong ITnh chinh trj dau tien ciia Dang do dong chi Nguyen Ai Quoc khoi thao va Luan cuong chinh trj do dong chi T r a n Phu soan thao?

A Cach mang Viet Nam trai qua hai giai doan: each mang t u san dan quyen va each mang xa hgi chii nghTa

B Nhan to quyk djnh mgi thang Igi ciia each mang Viet Nam la Dang eiia ^iai

e^p v6 san lanh dao

C Nhiem vii ciia each mang Viet Nam la danh de quoc truac, danh phong kien sau

D Cau Ava B diing

Can 8 Sach giao khoa Ljch su lop 12, trang 25, c6 viet: "Nhiem vu cua each mang tu san dan quyen o nuoc ta la diinh do bon de quoc, bon phong kien va giai cap tu san phan each mang, lam cho nuoc Viet Nam doc l a p " Do la mot trong nhung noi dung ciia van kien nao?

A Luan cuong chinh tri thang 10 nam 1930 ciia Dang do d6ng chi Tran Phii soan thao

B Lofi keu ggi Hgi nghj hgp nhat thanh lap Dang (2-1930)

C Cuong ITnh chinh trj ciia Dang do dong chi Nguyen A i Qu6c khoi thao

D Chinh cuang vkn tkt do Nguyen A i Quoc khoi thao

Cau 9 Ban chap hanh Trung uong lam thoi cua Diing Cong san Viet Nam da Hoi nghj toan thi Ian thu nhat vao thoi gian nao? 6" dau?

A 2-3-1930, tai Huong Cang (Trung Quoc)

B 10-1930, tai Huong Cang (Trung Qu6e)

C 3-1935, tai Ma Cao {Trung Quoc)

D 10-1930, tai Quang Chau (Trung Quoc)

41

C a u 10 T r o n g cac noi dung sau day, noi dung nao lihdng thudc L u a n cuong

chinh trj thang 10 - 1930? " '

A Cach mang Viet Nam phai trai qua hai giai doan: each mang t u san dan

quyen va each mang xa hoi ehii nghTa

B Caeh mang do Dang eua giai ckp v6 san theo chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin lanh dao

C Cach mang Viet Nam la mot bo phan eiia each mang the g i o i

D Luc krong de danh duoi de quoe va phong kien la cong- nong D6ng thoi

"phai biet lien lac v o i tieii tir san, t r i thi'rc, trung nong de keo ho vao phc

vo san giai cap"

C a u 11: Dang Cong san Viet Nam d6i ten thanh Dang Cong san Dong Duffng

vao thoi gian nao?

A Thang 3 nam 1930 B Thang 5 nam 1930

C Tliang 10 nam 1930 D Thang 12 nam 1930

C a u 12: Y nghia Ion nhat ve s u ra doi eiia Dang Cong san Viet Nam la gi?

A La sir ket hop tat yen ciia qua trinh dau tranh dan toe va giai cap a Viet Nam

B M a ra mot buoc ngoat lich su v6 cimg quan trong trong lich sir Viet Nam

C Cham dut thai k i khung hoang duong loi ciia each mang Viet Nam

D La buoc chuan bj dau tien cho thing loi ci'ia each mang Viet N a m

C a u 13 Hoi nghi thanh lap Dang Cong san Viet Nam duo'c trieu tap

(3-2-1930) tai H u o n g C a n g vi nhieu ly do? L y do nao sau day la diing?

A Cham dut su chia re giua cac to chiie cong san

B Yeu cau bi'rc thiet ciia each mang'Viet Nam luc do

C Yeu cau ciia Quoc te cong san

D De thay the vai tro cua H o i Viet Nam Cach mang thanh nien

C a u 14 Noi dung nao duoi day gan lien voi Hoi nghj thanh lap Dang (3-2-1930)?

A Thong qua Luan cuong chinh tri cua Dang

B Thong qua Chinh cirang, Sach luge v^n tit, Dieu le cua Dang va chi djnh

Ban chap hanh Trung irong lam thai

C Bau ban chap hanh Trung uang lam thai

D Quyet djnh lay ten Dang la Dang Cong san Dong Duong

C a u 15 C o to chuc nao duoi day khong tham gia Hoi nghj thanh lap Dang?

A Dong D u o n g cong san dang • B A n Nam cong san dang

C Dong D u o n g cong san lien doan D Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien

C a u 16 Dang C o n g san ra doi do tac dong cua nhieu vyeu to, yeu to nao sau

day khong diing?

A Su phat trien cua phong trao yeu nude Viet N a m

B Sir that bai cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang

C Su pho bien chu nghTa Mac- Le-nin vao Viet Nam

D Su phat trien t u giae phong trao cong nhan Viet Nam

42

C a u 17- Hoi nghj thanh lap Dang 3-2-1930 da thong qua:

A Chinh cuong \in tit do Nguyen A i Quoc scan thao

B Sach luoc v i n tit va Dieu le van th do Nguyen A i Quoc dir thao

C Luan cuang chinh t r i do Trdn Phu soan thao

D Chinh cuong Sach luge va Dieu le van tat do Nguyen A i Quoc khoi thao

C a u 18 T u tuong cot loi ciia cuong linh chinh trj dau tien cua Dang Cong san Viet Nam do Nguyen A i Quoc soan thao la gi?

A Doc lap dan toe va tir do

B Doc lap dan toe va chu nghTa xa hoi

C Doc lap dan toe va dan chu

D Doe lap dan tgc va mgi ngudi song sung sudng t u do

Cau 19 Dieu gi chung to Cuo'ng linh dau tien do Nguyen A i Quoc khoi thao la diing ddn, sang tao, tham duom tinh dan toe va nhan v a n ?

A Neu cao van de dan toe len hang dau

B Danh gia dung kha nang each mang cua cac giai cap trong xa hgi Viet Nam

C ThSy dirge kha nang lien minli c6 dieu kien v o i giai cap t u san dan tgc, kha nang phan hoa, loi keo mot bg phan giai cap dja chu trong each mang giai phong dan tgc

D Ca ba y tren deu dung

C a u 20 T i n h chat cua each mang Dong Duong liic dau la mot cuoc each mang

tu san dan quyen, sau khi each mang tu san dan quyen thang loi se tiep tuc phat trien, bo qua thffi ki tu ban ma tien thang len chii nghia xa hoi Do la noi dung cua:

A Cuoag ITnh chinh trj dau tien cua Dang do dong chi Nguyen A i Q u o c k h d i thao

B Dieu le cua Dang do d6ng chi Nguyen A i Quoc d y thao

C Chinh eirong van tat do Nguyen A i Quoe khdi thao

D Luan cuong chinh tri 1930 do Tran Phu khdi thao

Cau 21 Nhiem vu cot yeu ciia each mang tu san dan quyen 6' Viet Nam la gi?

A Danh do phong kien dja chu gianh dat cho dan cay

B Danh do de quoc Phap gianh dgc lap dan tgc

C Danh dd the lire phong kien, danh dd each bdc lot theo Idi t u ban, thirc hanh

each mang thd dja triet d l va danh dd chu nghTa de qudc Phap lam eho nhan dan hoan toan dgc lap

D Danh dd giai cap t u san va dia chu phong kien

C a u 22 Nhung d i i m han che eiia L u a n cuong chinh trj 1930?

A Chua vach ro duge mau t h u i n chu yeu eua mot xa hgi thudc dja

B Danh gia khdng dung kha nang each mang ciTa giai cap tieu t u san

C Khdng thay duge kha nang phan hoa va Idi keo mot bg phan giai cap dia chii

trong cSch mang giai phong dan tgc

D Ca ba y deu dung

43

C a u 23 Viet cho day du phan con lai cua nhung cau sau:

A Chi bo Dang dau tien d Viet Nam ra doi a nha so 5D ph6 Ham Long, Ha Noi

CO cac Dang nhu

B Dong Duong cong san dang ra doi sau khi

C An Nam cong san dang do cac thanh lap

D Dong Duong cong san lien doan do thanh lap

Cau 24 Dung hay sai?

A Luan cuong chinh tri do dong chi Iran Phu soan thao duoc thong qua Hoi

nghj Ian thu nhat cua Dang tai Huong Gang (Trung Quoc) thang 10-1930

B Hoi nghj thang 10-1930 cua Dang quyet dinh doi ten Dang Cong san Viet Nam

C Hoi nghj thang 10-1930 chi dinh ban chap hanh TW lam thoi

D Dong chi Tran Phu duoc bau lam T6ng bi thu ciia Dang

Cau 25 Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra doi ngay 3-2-1930 la ket qua tat yeu cua:

A Phong trao dan tgc dan chu trong nhung nam 1919-1926

B Cuoc dau tranh dan toe va giai cap a Viet Nam trong thai dai moi

C Phong trao cong nhan trong nhung nam 1925-1927

D Phong trao cong nhan trong nhung nam 1919-1925

Cau 26 Danh dau mot buoc ngoat vT dai trong Ijch su- ciia giai cap cong nhan

va cua each mang Viet Nam, do la y nghia su- kien Ijch su- nao?

A Thanh lap Dong Duong cong san dang

B Thanh lap An Nam cong san dang

C Thanh lap Dong Duong cong san lien doan

D Thanh lap Dang Cong san Viet Nam

D A P A N C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M B A I 4

l C 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 A 6 B 7 D 8 C 9 B 10 D U C

12 B 13 D 14 B 15 C 16 B 17 D 18 A 19 D 20 D 21 C 22 D

23 A Ngo Gia Tu, Nguyen Due Canh

B Dai hoi Ian thi'r nh4t cua Hoi Vi?t Nam each mang thanh nien khong

thanh cong

C Cac hoi vien tien tien trong bo phan Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh

nien 6 Trung Quoc va Nam Ki thanh lap

D Cac Dang vien tien ti8n cua Tan Viet each mang dang thanh lap

24 A, D: Dung; B, C: Sai 25 B 26 D

44

N I E N B l £ U - S U K I E N L I C H S U V I E T N A M

(1919-1930)

18/6/1919: '"Ban yeu sach cua nhan dan Viet Nam" do Nguyen 4i Quoc thay

tnat nhom nguoi Viet Nam yeu nuoc tai Phap gui din Hoi nghj Vec-xai ciia cac

nu'oc dS quoc thang tran trong chien tranh the giai thu nhat duoc cong bo tren cac

bao 6- Pari (Nguoi \ky ten Nguyin A i Qu6c tu trong "yeu sach nay")

- 6/7/1920, Nguyen A i Qu6c dgc So thao Ian thu nhat nhung "Luan cuong ve

van de dan toe va v4n dS thuoc dja" cua Le-nin dang tren bao Nhan dao, da tim thay trong do con duong cuu nuoc dung dan la theo con duong each mang v6 san

- 25/12/1920: Nguyen A i Quoc dir Dai hoi Ian X V l l I eiia Dang xa hoi Phap hop

a Tua, da bo phi^u tan thanh gia nhap Quoc te III va tham gia sang lap Dang cong

san Phap

- 10/1921: Nguyen A i Quoc tham gia thanh lap Hoi lien hiep thuoc dja a Phap

- 4/1922: Nguyen A i Quoc tham gia tham gia sang lap ta bao "Ngudi cijng kho" cua Hoi lien hiep thuoc dja a Phap

- 19/6/1924: Pham Hong Thai muu sat ten toan quyen Meclanh

- 6/1925: Nguyen A i Quoc thanh lap Hoi Viet Nam each mang thanh nien a Quang Chau (Trung Qu6c) sang lap to bao "thanh nien" ea quan ngon luan ciia Hoi

- 24/3/1926: Phan Chau Trinh m4t tai Sai Gon

- 25/12/1927: Viet Nam quoc dan dang ra doi

-14/7/1928:Tan Viet each mang Dang ra doi (tu Hoi phuc viet ra doi 7/1925)

- 6/1929: Dong Duong cong san dang ra doi a Bac Ky

- 7/1929: An Nam cong san dang ra doi a Nam Ky

- 9/1929: Dong Duong cong san lien doan ra doi a Trung Ky

- 3/ 2 din 1/2/mO: Hoi nghj thanh lap Dang cong san Viet Nam 6 Huong Cang

- Trung Qu6c (tren ea so thong nhat cac to chue cong san ra doi sau 1929)

- 9/2/1930: Khoi nghTa Yen Bai cua Viet Nam quoc dan dang

1 Anh huong ciia khiing hoang kinh te

Cuoc khiing hoang kinh te t h f giai (1929-1933) tir cac nuoc tu ban da Ian nhanh sang cac nuoc thuoc dja trong do c6 Viet Nam De quoc Phap tim moi each trut khiing hoang len vai nhan dan Viet Nam

Viet Nam la nuoc nong nghiep nen khung hoang bat dau tir trong nong nghiep

Gici Ilia ha xu6ng68% Ruong dat bo hoang rat nhieu

45

Cong nghiep ciing bj suy sup Xuat nhap kliau dinh don Hang hoa khan hiem,

gia ca dat do

Nhan dan lao dong - dac biet la cong nhan va nong dan phai ganh chjii hau qua

nang ne nhat Cong nhan khong c6 viec lam so nguoi bi thk nghiep ngay ean>;

dong s6 nguoi c6 viec lam thi tien luong it Nong dan tiep tuc bi ban ciing va b]

pha san tren quy mo ion Cac tang lop khac cung bi dieu dung

2 Nguyen nhan bung n6 phong trao

* Ve kinli te: -

' Do bj de quoc va phong kien ap buc boc lot nang ne, them vao do tir 1929-193:

the gioi lai dien ra cuoc khung hoang kinh te cua T B C N lam cho doi s6ng Cija

rihan dan ta von da khon kho cang them kh6n kho Man thuan xa hoi cang gay gSt

khien cho nhan dan ta nhan thay chi con mot con duong vung len dSu tranh chong

ach ap buc boc lot cua thuc dan, phong kien, thoat khoi cuoc doi trau ngua

* Ve chinit trj:

D4U nam 1930 cuoc khoi nghTa Yen Bai cua Viet Nam Quoc dan Dang bung n6

va that bai L g i dung ca hoi nay bon de quoc tien hanh khung bo tr5ng doi v6i each

mang Hang nghin, nguai bi bat, tra tan, tii day Tinh hinh do lam cho khong khi

chinh tri a Dong D u o n g von da cang thSng lai cang them cang thSng

* Cung vao dau nam 1930, Dang cong san Viet Nam ra doi, de ra hai khau hieu

chien luge: "Doc lap dan toe" va "Ruong dc4t dan cay" Hai khhu hieu nay da dap ung

nguyen yong cua dc^i da so nhan dan, nhat la nong dan Dang da kjp thai lanh dao nhan

dan ta dau tranh chongDe quoc Phap va phong kien tay sai gianh doc lap, tu do

Tir ba nguyen nhan ay dan toi su bung n6 phong trao each mang 1930 - 1931 6

nuac ta Trong ba nguyen nhan tren Dang ra doi va lanh dao la nguyen nhan ca

ban nhat, quyet djnh sir bung n6 phong trao

Ml D I E N B I E N C U A P H O N G T R A O C A C H M A N G 1930 - 1931

1 Phong trao tren toan quoc

Tac dong cua cuoc khung hoang kinh te va chinh sach khung bo cua thuc dan

Phap da lam bung len phong trao daij tranh manh me cua quan chung do Dang

Cong san lanh dao

M o dau la cuoc bai cong cua 3.000 cong nhan don dien cao su Phi'i Rieng

(2/1930), tiep do la cuoc bai cong cua cong nhan Nha may sgi N a m D i n h , Nha may

diem va cua B^n Thuy, Nha may xi mang Hai Phong (3/1930); hang dau Nha Be

(Sai Gon), don dien cao su Dau Tieng.-xudng dong tau Ba Son (4/1930)

Phong trao dSu franh cua nong dan no ra nhieu noi, d Thai Binh, Nam Ha, Nghe

A n , Ha TTnh Diem moi la truy^n don, ca do bi'ia liem cua Dang xuat hien tren cac

duong ph6 Ha H o i va mot so dja phirong khac

Phong trao dSc biet manh me tu\thang 5 Nhan ngay Qu6c te lao dong 1/5/1930,

Ian dau tien giai cap cong nhan va nhan dan lao dong nuoc ta duoi sir lanh dao cua

Dang da to ro sue manh doan ket cua minh va doan ket v o l v6 san the g-ioi Tren

khap ca nuoc xuat hien ca Dang, truyen dan to cao ke thu, khSu hieu keu ggi quan

chung dau tranh, dien ra cac cuoc mit tinh, bi^u tinh, tuan hanh

46

Tu' ngay 1/5/1930 Ian song dau tranh tiep tuc dang cao Rieng thang 5 c6 den 16 cuoc dau tranh' cua cqng nhan', 34 cuoc dau tranh cua nong dan 4 cuoc dau tranh cua hoc sinh va dan ngheo thanh t h i

2 Phong trao 6- Nghe - TTnh

Nghe - TTnh la nai c6 truyen thong dau tranh each mang, V i n h - B^n Thuy c6

co sa Dang Cong hoi manh V i vay phong trao no ra manh me nhat

Ngay 1/5/1930 duoi sir lanh dao ciia Dang bg Nghe A n cong nhan V i n h - Ben Thuy va nong dan cac vung Ian can bieu tinh thi uy giuong cao ca do bua Ii6m va kh^u hieu doi tang luong, giam g i a lam, giam suu thue xuat hien nhieu n o i Cung ngay 1/5/1930, 3000 nong nhan huyen Thanh Chuong bieu tinh pha d6n dien K y

V i l l i lay ruong dat chia cho nong dan

Ngay 1/8/1930, ngay ky niem Quoc te chong chien tranh de q,u6c, cong nhan khu cong nghiep V i n h , Ben Thuy tong bai cong, danh dau " T h a i ky dau tranh kich lietdadSn"

T u ngay 1/5 d i n thang 9/1930 a nong thon Nghe - TTnh da no ra hang loat cuoc dau tranh cua nong dan duoi hinh thuc bieu tinh c6 vu trang t u ve

Ngay 12/9/1930, d l huong ung cugc dau tranh cua nong dan cac huyen va bai cong cua cong nhan V i n h - B6n Thuy, mot cugc bieu tinh khong 16 v a i 2 van nguai tham gia da n6 ra a Hung Nguyen (Nam Dan - Nghe A n ) roi djnh keo ve Vinh d l dua yeu sach Thuc dan Phap dan ap da man lam 217 nguai chet, 126 nguoi bi thuang Nhan dan v6 cung cam phan va day manh dau tranh

Trong suot thang 9 va 10/1930 cac huyen Thanh Chuong, Dien Chau, Huang San , nong dan da vu trang khoi nghTa Gong nhan V i n h , Ben thuy da bai cong lan thu 3 trong hai thang de ung hg phong trao nong dan

Truoc khi t h i dau tranh cua quan chung, bg mSy chinh quyen djch a nong thon hai tinh Nghe A n , Ha TTnh hau n h u tan ra 6 nhirng nai do, cac ban chap hanh

Nong hgi duoi sir lanh dao cua Chi bg Dang dung ra quan ly mgi mat doi song chinh tri, xa hgi

d nong thon chinh q u y i n each mang dugc thanh lap theo kieu X 6 - Viet, X 6 Viet Nghe TTnh duy t r i dugc 4 d i n 5 thang thi bj de quoc va phong kien tay sai dan ap

3 X6 Viet - Nghe TTnh la hinh thfrc so khai ciia chinh quyen cong nong o nud-c ta

Mac dau chi ton tai trong thai gian ngan nhirng chinh quyen X 6 V i l t - Nghe

TTnh da to ro ban chk each mang cua minh Do la chinh quyen cua dan, do dan, v i

dan Ban chat each mang do dugc the hi?n:

c Ve quan su"

Moi laiig CO iTlot doi tu ve vii trang

d Van hoa — xa hoi:

Pliat dong phoiig trao *hiic hien doi song moi, bai tra me tin dj doan Trat tir xa

hoi dugc dam bao, nan trom ciiop i<h6ng con

Hoang SO' truoc phong trao each mang cua quan chung, khoang giua 1931 thuc

dan Phap tap trung lire lugng dan ap cac X6 Viet Chiing giet hai hang ngan ngudi,

chung dim X6 Viet trong be mau V i the phong trao lang dan \ chuyen sang mot

giai doan moi

Tat ca nhung sir kien tren chung to rSng: Phong trao cckh mang 1930 - 1931

dien ra vai qui mo rpng Ic'm, mang link chat cckh mang friel dc va c6 hinh thuc ddu

tranh quyel liet

HI Y NGHIA C U A PHONG T R A O

Phong trao each mang 1930- 1931 voi dinh cao X6 Viel - Nghe TTnh la mot sir

kien lich sir trong dai trong Ijch su each mang nuoc ta Lai dau tien giai cap cong

nhan va nhan dan lao dong nuoc ta duoi su lanh dao cua Dang Cong san, da vung

leii vai mot khi the tan cong each mang ehua lung thay, ;.,iang mot don quyet liet

vao be lii de quoe va phong kien tay sai

Thuc tien cua phong trao cho thay: Duoi su lanh dao cua Dang, giai cap cong

nhan va nong dan doan ket voi cac tang lop nhan dan khac c6 kha nang iat do nen

th6ng trj ciia de quoc va phong ki'en de xay dung mot ct oc song moi

Do la cuoc dien tap Ian dau tien chuan bj cho each mang thang Tam cua nhan

dantavi;

+ Lan dau tien Dang dugc tap duot lanh dao quan chung dau tranh

+ Lan dau tien quan chung dugc tap dugt dau tranh duoi su lanh dao cua Dang

Phong trao da de lai nhieu bai hoc kinh nghiem qui bau cho Cach mang thang

Tam sau nay , • '

+ Bai hoc ve sir lanh dao cua Dang

+ Bai hoc ve xay dung lien minh cong - nong

+ Bai hoc ve phuong phap gianh chinh quyen va giir chinh quyen bang bao

lire each mang

+ Bai hoe ve xay dung chinh quyen nhan dan, |Tigt hinh thuc chinh quyen

kieu mai

IV SU' P H U C HOI L U C LUOT^G C A C H MANG SAU K H U N G BO T R A N G

C U A D E Q U O C PHAP

1 Chinh sach moi ciia thyc dan Phap

Voi hy vgng dap tat phong trao each mang Viet Nam, thuc dan Phap tang cuang

chinh sach khi'ing bo, hang van chien sT va dong bao ca nuoc bj bat Cac nha tu chat

nich chinh trj pham Hang tram nguoi bi ket an tir hinh

Mat khac thirc dan Phap dung thu doan mj dan nham lua bjp quan chung Chinh

quyen thuc dan thi hanh mot so bien phap eai luong, to chue lai truong Cao Dang

Dong Duong, cho nguoi ""ban x u " dugc nhap quoc tich Phap

hUcVng theo each mang tin tuang vao su nghiep lanh dao cua Dang, ra sue che cho,

gii'ip do Dang va each mang Dang Cong san mac dau bj dich khimg bo v i n khong

xa roi vj tri chien dau da bam sat va lanh dao quan c h u n g dau tranh chong khiing

bo, khoi phuc va phat trien phong trao

Trong nha tii de quoe, nhung Dang vien cong san nhung nguoi yeu nuae luon

luon neu cao khi phach kien cuong bat khuat, dau tranh kien tri, bao ve lap truong, quan diem each mang cua Dang, bien nha tii thanh truong hgc each mang va luon

tiiTi each lien he voi ca so ben ngoai

Tu 1933 tro ve sau, mot so cuoc dau tranh cua cong nhan, nong dan, ti^u

thuong, tieu ehii doi quyen Igi hang ngay noi tiep no ra d Nam Ky, Tay Nguyen va

nhiJng noi khac Den cuoi 1934 dau 1935 he thong to chuc Dang trong nuac, cac

xu uy Bac Ky, Trung Ky, nhieu doan the quan chung lan lugt dugc lap ra

Phong trao dan dan dugc phuc h6i trong ca nuac d l din thang 3/1935 Dai hoi lln thu nhat cua Dang hop a Ma Cao (Trung Q u o e ) chuan bj cho mot phong trao each mang moi

C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M Cau L Trong cac nguyen nhan sau day, nguyen nhan nao la c a ban nhat, quyet djnh su* bung no phong trao each mang 1930 - 1931?

A Anh huang ciia cuoc khiing hoang kinh te 1929 - 1933

B Thuc dan Phap tien hanh khiing bo trang sau khai nghTa Yen Bai

C Dang Cong san Viet Nam ra dai, kjp thai lanh dao cong nhan va nong dan

dung len chong de quoc va phong kien

D Dia chii phong kien cau ket vai thuc dan Phap dan ap, boc Igt tham te doi vai

Cau 2 Hai khau hieu ma Dang ta van dung trong phong trao each mang 1930 '\

-1931lakhauhieu'nao?

A "Doc lap dan tgc" va "Rugng dat dan cay"

B "Tu do dan chiV va "Cam ao hoa binh" *

C "Tjeh thu rugng dat ciia de quoe Viet gian" va "Tich thu rugng dat cua dja chii phong kien"

D "Chong de quoc" "Chong phat xit"

^au 3 Tir thang 2 den thang 4 nam 1930, phong trao no ra manh nhat if dau?

A O T r u n g K i B Ci BSc Ki C Ci Nam K i D Trong ca nuac

4 Cac so lieu sau day, so lieu nao diing nhat:

A Rieng trong thang 5-1930, ca nuoc c6 50 cuoc dau tranh cua nong dan, 20

cuoc dau tranh ciia nong dan, 8 cuoc dau tranh ciia hoc sinh va dan ngheo thanh thj

49

B Rieng trong thang 5-1930, ca nuoc c6 30 cuoc dau tranh ciia nong dan, 40

cuoc dau thanh cua cong nhan, 4 cuoc dau tranh ciia hoc sinh va dan ngheo

thanh thj

C Rieng trong thang 5-1930, ca nuoc c6 34 cuoc dau tranh cua nong dan, 16

cuoc d4u tranh cua cong nhan va 4 cuoc dau tranh cua hoc sinh va dan ngheo

thanh thj

D Rieng trong thang 5-1930, ca niroc c6 16 cuoc 6ki\h cua nong dan, 34

cuoc dau tranh cua cong nhan va 4 cuoc dau tranh ciia hoc sinh va dan ngheo

thanh thi

Cau 5 Tir thang 5 den thang 8 - 1930, trung tam eiia phong trao eaeh mang

ehu yeu dien ra a dau?

A 6 midn Trung B Ci mien BSc C d mien Nam D Trong ca nirac

Cau 6 Dieu gi da ehii-ng to rSng: Tir thang 9-1930 tro" di phong trao eaeh

mang 1930-1931 dan dan dat toi dinh cao?

A Phong trao diln ra khap ca nuoc

B Sir dling hinh thirc vu trang khoi nghTa va thanh lap chinh quySn X6 Viet

Nghe - TTnh

C v a n de ruong dat cua nong dan du'oc giai quyet triet de

D Da thirc hien lien minh cong- nong vimg chac

Cau 7 Cac su-kien sau day, sir kien nao dling?

A Thang 2-1930, 3000 cong nhan d6n di^n Phi't Rieng bai cong

B Ngay 1-5-1930, 3000 cong nhan huyen Thanh Chuong n6i day pha don di6n

Tri Vien

C Ngay 12-9-1930, han 2 van nong dan Hung Nguyen, Nam Dan, Nghe An noi

day bieu tinh

D Tat ca cac su kien tren deu dung

Cau 8 Chinh quyen X6 Viet - Nghe TTnh da to ro ban ehat eaeh mang eua

minh Do la ehinh quyen eiia dan, do dan va vi dan Tinh chat do duoe thi

hien 6' nhQ-ng diem co' ban nao?

A Thirc hien cac quyen tu do dan chii

B Chia rupng dk cho dan ngheo, bai bo cac thu thue v6 ly

C Xoa bo cac tap tuc lac hau, xay dirng dai song moi

D Tat ca deu dung

Cau 9 Hay chon cum tir thich hop d6 dien vao cho trong cau sau day:

"Phong trao each mang 1930-1931 vffi dinh cao la X6 Viet - Nghe TTnh 1*

mot su- kien Ijch sii- trong dai trong ijch sii- each mang nuoc ta Phong trao

da' ' ' " " "

A Danh bai lioan toan bon thuc dan Phap va bon phong kien

B Giang mot don quyet liet vao be lii d l quoc, phong kien tay sai

C D6 lai nhiSu bai hoc kinh nghiem cho Cach mang thang Tarn nam 1945

D Lam lung lay tan g6c che do phong kien 6-nong thon

50

Cau 10 Qua thu-c te lanh dao phong trao each mang 1930 - 1931, Dang ta airo-c tru-o-ng thanh nhanh chong Do do, thang 4-1931 Dang ta dirge Quoc te cong san cong nhan:

A La mot chi bo cua Quoc te cong san

B La mot Dang trong sach vung manh

C La mot Dang du kha nang lanh dao each mang

D La mot Dang cua giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam

Cau 11 Trong thoi ki dau tranh de phuc hoi lue luffng each mang, tai nha tii H6a L 6 (Ha Noi) cac chi bo da ra nhirng to' bao nao d l boi du&ng ly iuan chii oghTa Mac - Le-nin cho dang vien

A "Y kidn Chung", "Du6c dua diro-ng"

B "Duoc dua duong", "Con duong chinh nghTa"

C "Tieng dan", "Nhanh Ilia",

p Tat ca cac to bao tren

Cau 12 He thong to chue Dang trong nude noi chung da duffc khoi phuc vao thoi gian nao?

A. Dau nam 1932 B. Dau nam 1933

C Cuoi nam 1935 D Cu6i nam 1934 dau 1935

Cau 13, Diem n6i bat nhat trong phong trao each mang 1930 - 1931 la gi?

A Vai tro lanh dao ciia Dang va lien minh cong- nong

B Thanh lap duoc doi quan chinh trj ciia dong dao quan chiing

C Dang duoc tap duot trong thuc tiln lanh dao dau tranh

D Quan chung duoc tap duot dau tranh duoi su lanh dao ciia Dang

Cau 14 Hai khhu hieu "Doc lap dan toe" va "Ruong dat dan cay" dvffc thi

hien ro net nhat trong thoi ki each mang nao?

A 1930-1931 B 1932-1935 .C 1936-1939 0.1939-1945

Cau 15 Tinh chat each mang triet d l cua phong trao each mang 1930 - 1931 dvo-c thi hien nhu the nao?

A Phong trao thuc hien sir lien minh cong - nong vung chkc

B Phong trao dau tranh lien tuc tu Bic den Nam

C Phong trao da giang mot don quyet Met vao bon thuc dan, phong kien

D Phong trao da sir dung hinh thiic vu trang khoi nghTa, da gianh duoc chinh

quyen a mot s6 dja phuong thuoc Nghe - TTnh va thanh lapchinh quyin each mang X6 V i l t - N g h ? TTnh

Cau 16 Phong trao each mang 1930 -1931 dat den dinh cao trong thoi dilm Mchsunao?

1, A Tir thang 2 din thang 4 - 1930

i ' B Tir thang 5 den thang 8 - 1930

P C Til'thang 9 din thang 10 - 1930

D Tir thang 1 din thang 5 - 1931

Cau 17 Cong nhan khong c6 viec lam, nong dan tiep tuc hi ban ciing hoa, cac

tang lop t i i u tu- san thanh t h i hi dieu dii-ng, cac nghe thii cong hi pha san nanj!

ne Do la dac di€m ciia tinh hinh xa hoi Viet Nam trong thoi ki?

A 1929-1930 B 1930-1931 C 1931-1932 D 1932-1933

Cau 18 V i sao cuoc khiing hoang kinh te the gioi.(1929-1933) o cac nuo'c tu

ban lai anh hu-ang den tat ca cac linh vyc kinh te cua Viet Nam?

A V i Viet Nam phii tliuoc Phap

B V i kinh te Viet Nam chin anh huong kinh te Phap

C V i Viet Nam la thuoc dja ciia Phap nen kinh te Viet Nam hoan toan phu

thuoc Phap

D V i Viet Nam la thj truong cua tu ban Phap

Cau 19 Dg giai quyet hau qua cua cuoc khiing hoang kinh te (1929-1933) thuc

dan Phap da lam gi?

A Tang cuong hoc lot cong nhan Phap

B Tang cuang hoc lot nhan dan Dong Duong

C Tang cuong boc iQt cac nu'oc thuoc dja

D Vua boc lot cong nhan va nhan dan lao dong chinh qu6c vua boc lot cac

nuac thuoc dia

Cau 20 Cuoc khung hoang kinh te (1929-1933) da anh hu-ong Ion nhat der,

nen kinh te Viet Nam tren ITnh vuc nao:

A Nong nghiep B Cong nghiep C Xuat kh4u D Thu cong nghiep

Cau 21 Lan dau tien nhan dan lao dong Viet Nam k i niem ngay Quoc te lao

dong vao thoi gian nao?

' A 1-5-1929 B 1-5-1930 C 1-5-1931 D 1-5-1933

Cau 22 Nam 1930, Nghe - Tinh la noi c6 phong trao each mang phat trien

manh nhat v i :

A La noi bj thuc dan Phap khung bo tan khoc nhat

B La que huong cua lanh tu Nguyen A i Qu6c

C La noi CO do! ngu can bo Dang vien Cong san Viet Nam dong nhat

D La noi c6 truyen thSng dau tranh anh dung chong giac ngoai xam la noi c6

chi bo Dang boat dong manh

Cau 23 Lan dau tien truyen do-n, co do biia liem ciia Dang Cong san da xuai

hien,tren cac duong pho Ha Noi va nhCrng dja phuffng khac trong phong trai

dau tranh cua cong nhan, nong dan Viet Nam vao thoi gian nao?

A Thang2-i930 B Thang 2,3,4-1930

C 1-5-1930 D 12-9-1930

Cau 24 Lan dau tien cong nhan, nong dan va quan chiing lao dong Dong Duon^'

to dau hieu doan ket voi v6 san the gioi va b i l u duong lire lu-ong ciia minh:

A Keo la ca tren chien ham HSc Hal phan doi chinh phu Phap tan cong nh:

may nuac xuyen Viet (1919)

B K i niem ngay Quoc te lao dong 1 -5-1930

52

C: Phan doi thuc dan Phap b5t linh nguai Viet sang tham chien a Phap trong chien tranh th€ giai thu nhat (1914-1918)

D Ca 3 y tren dung

CSu 25 Cuoc bieu tinh trong phong trao each mang 1930-1931 o Nghe - Tihh

(.5 gan 2 van nong dan tham gia dien ra o dau?

A Anh Son B Hung Nguyen

C Thanh Chuang D Can Loc

Cau 26 Tru-o-c k h i the dau tranh ciia quan chiing cong nong, bo may chinh quyen cua de quoc ya phong kien tay sai o nhieu dja phu-ong thuoc Nghe -

Xlnh bj tan ra Cac to chuc Dang a dja phu-ong da kjp thoi lanh dao nhan dan

thuc hien quyen lam chu, tu dung ra quan ly doi song cua m i n h , do la ket qua ciia phong trao dau tranh nao?

A Phong trao each mang 1930-1931

B Bieu tinh 1-5-1930 tren toan quoc

C B i l u tinh 12-9-1930 ciia nong dan huyen Hung Nguyen, Nghe A n

D Dau tranh vu trang ciia nong dan, cong nhan thang 9-10-1930

Cau 27 Chinh quyen each mang Nghe - Tinh du-ffc goi la chinh quySn X6-Viet

vi la:

A Chinh quyin dau tien cua cong nong

B Chinh quyen do giai cap cong nhan lanh dao

C Hinh thuc cua chinh quyen theo kieu X6 V'lk (Nga)

D Hinh thuc chinh quyen theo kieu nha nuac moi

Cau 28 To chiic nao dirng ra quan ly moi mat doi song chinh tri,xa hoi ff nong

{!i6n Nghf - T i n h

A Ban chap hanh nong hoi B Ban chap hanh cong hoi

C Hoi phu nu giai phong D Doan thanh nien phan de

cau 29 Chinh quyen X6 Viet - Nghe Tinh ton tai trong khoang thoi gian bao lau?

A T u 2 d^n 3 thang B T u 3 d i n 4 thang

C T u 4 d i n 5 thang D T u 5 d i n 6 thang

Cau 30 Cach mang Viet Nam buoc vao thoi k i v6 ciing kho khan De quoc

^'hap va phong kien tay sai thSng tay thi hanh mot chinh sach khiing bo cue k i bao Cac co- so cua Dang ian l u o l bj pha v& Do la dac d i l m cua luc luong '^^ch mang Viet Nam giai doan:

^A 1930-1931 B 1931-1932 C 1933-1934 D 1934-1935

31 He thong to chiic cua Dang noi chung duoc phuc hoi vao thoi gian nao?

A Dau nam 1932 B Dau nam 1933

C Cuoi nam 1935 D Cuoi nam 1934 dau 1935

32 Tho-i k i each mang tir 1930 den 1935 la thoi k i :

^- Dang ta ra boat dong cong khai

^- Dang ta boat dong manh me

53

C Darrg ta hoat dong nua cong khai, niia bi mat

D Dang ta hoat dong b i mat

C a u 33 D a i hoi Ian thiir nhdt cua Dang d i l n ra vac thoi gian nao, a dau?

A Ngay 3-1935 6 M a Cao-Trung'QuSc

B Ngay 3-1935 a Huong Gang-Trung Quoc

C N g a y 3-1935 d X i e m - Thai Lan

D Ngay 3-1935 a Cao Bang- Viet Nam

C a u 34 L a n h tu nao cua Dang Cong san Viet Nam da hy sinh trong nha tu d i

qu6c trong thoi ki 1930-1935?

A Tran Phu B Tran Due Canh

C N g u y i n Phong sac D N g o G i a T u

C a u 35 T r o n g thoi ki each mang 1930-1931 lanh tu Nguyen A i Quoc bj giam

trong nha tu nao?

A Nha tu Hoa L6 (Ha N o i ) B Nha tu H u o n g Gang (Trung Quoc)

G Nha tu Gon Son D Nha tu Gon Dao

C a u 36 H a y dien dung (D) sai (S) vao cac cau sau day:

A Phong trao each mang 1930-1931 dien ra a Bac, Trung, N a m

B Phong trao each mang 1930-1931 d i l n ra o t i n h Nghe A n ,

G X 6 V i e t - N g h e TTnh la dinh cao ciia cao trao 1930-1931

D Luc luong quan trong nhat tham gia phong trao each mang 1930-1931 la tieu

t u san, nong dan

E Ngay 1291930 la cuoc b i l u tinh cua nong dan Hung I^guyen N a m Dan

-Nghe A n

F X 6 Viet - Nghe TTnh la hinh thuc chi'nh quyen each mang theo kieu X 6 Viet Nga

G Thang3-1935 Dai hoi Dang lan thu nhat hop a M a Gao (Trung Q u o c )

H Guoi 1931 cac ea so cua Dang da duoc phue hoi

DAP AN C A U HOI T R A C N G H I E M BAI 5

1 Hoan canh Ijch sir

a Tilth Itiith the gi&i

- Cuoc khung hoang kinh te the gioi 1929 - 1933 da gay nen hau qua nghiem trong, nhat la cac nuoc t u ban chi'i nghTa phat trien

+ Tai cac nuoc T B G N ; kinh te suy sup, mau thuan xa hoi gay gat

+ M o t so nuoc tu- ban da giai qiiyet khung hoang bang con duong phat xit hoa d i e do

+ Ghii nghTa phat xit Due Italia Nhat Ban da tra thanh nguy ca de doa nhn

hoa binh va an ninh the gioi

- Truoc tinh hinh do, Dai hoi Qu6c te Cong san lan thi'r V I I hop d Matxco-va (7/1935)

^ + Xac dinh ke thu nguy hiem, truoc mat cua nhan dan the gioi la chii nghTa

?hat x i t

+ Ghu truong thanh lap Mat tran nhan dan chong chti nghTa phat xit a cac nuoc

! - Thuc hien Nghi quyet ciia Quoc te cong san, nWxhu nuoc thanh lap M a t tran

an dan Q Phap, dau nam 1936 Mat tran nhan dan Phap da gianh thSng loi trong

c tuyen ciV va len cam quyen Ghinh phu cua Mat tran nhan dan Phap da ban

h chinh sach tien bo doi v b i cac nucVc thuoc dia: tha t u do cho chinh trj pham; anh lap uy ban dieu tra tinh hinh thuoc dia, thi hanh mot so cai each xa hoi cho

han dan lao dong

b Tilth hinh trong nin'/c

- Do nhung chinh sach ve t u do dan chu cua chinh phu Mat tran nhan dan Phap

a a Viet N a m mot so tu chinh tri dugc tra t u do va t i m each hoat dong tra lai

- Do cuoc khi'mg hoang kinh te, Phap lai tiep tuc chinh sach boc lot, khung bo '•a dan ap lam cho doi song cua moi tling lop nhan dan Viet N a m deu bj sa sut

' - Dang ta va lire lutjng each mang da phue hoi, each mang c6 them dieu kien de chuyen sang thoi ky dau tranh m o i

2 C h i i truong ciia Dang

c a n cTr tinh hinh the g i o i , trong nuoc va van dung duang loi cua Qu6c te cong

^an Hoi nghi T r u n g irang Dang lan t h u nhat (7/1936) da de ra chu truang chi dao ien luge va sach luge m d i

Xac dinh ke thiT cu the, triroc mat cua nhan dan Dong Dtrong chua phai la thuc

| n Phap noi chung, ma la bgn thuc dan phan dong thuoc dia va tay sai ciia chung,

hong chiu thi hanh chinh sach ciia chinh phu Mat tran nhan dan Phap

- Tarn gae khau hieu "Danh do de quoc Phap, Dong D u o n g hoan toan doc lap"

Va khau hieu: "Tjch thu rugng dat ciia dia chii cho dan cay", neu nhiem vu truoc Tiat ciia nhan, dan Dong Duong la: Chong phat x i t , chong eh ien tranh, chong phan

^ong thuoc dja va tay sai, doi " t u do, dan chii, com ao, hoa binh"

- Quydt djnh tliaiih lap Mat tran nhan dan phan de Dong Duong (7/1936) sau

d6i thanh Mat tran dan chii Dong Duong (3/1938) Nham tap hgp cac giai c^p, tang

lap Dang phai thirc hien cac nhiem vu tien Cac to chuc qiian chi'ing cua Mat tran

deu thay doi cho pliu ligp: Cong hoi, Nong hoi dugc hay bang Hoi cuu te Hoi A i

Hiru, Doan thanh nien Cong san dugc thay bang Doan thanh nien dan chu

- Hinh thijrc ve phirong phap dau tranh la Igi dung triet de nhung kha nang hgp phap

va nira hgp phap, cong khai va nua cong khai de van dgng quan cluing Ben canh boat

dgng bi mat, Ian dau tien tren Dang dieu mot bg phan ra boat dgng cong khai

11 PHONG T R A O DAU T R A N H DOI T i l DO, DAN SINH, DAN C H U

ChCi trirong ciia Dang dap ung nguyen vgng bijc thiet cCia quan chiing, lam day

len phong trao dau tranh soi noi, manh me

1 Phong trao dai hoi Dong Ducng

Giira nam 1936, dugc tin chinh phu Mat tran nhan dan Phap cir mot phai doan

sang dieu tra tinh hinh a Dong Duong Dang phat dgng phong trao dau tranh cong

khai van dCng thanh lap "Uy ban trii bj Dong Duong dai hoi" nham thu thap

nguyen vong ciia nhan dan tien toi Dai hoi Dong Duong Huong I'lng chu truang,

cac "Oy ban hanh dgng" noi tiep nhau ra doi a nhieu dia phirong trong ca niroc

Quan chiing soi no! to chuc cua cac cugc mit tinh, hoi hgp dien thuyet de thu thap

"dan nguyen"

2 Phong trao dau tranh doi ty do, dan chu

- DSu nam 1937: c6 cac cugc mit tinh, bieu tinh dua dan nguyen nhan djp phai

vien cua chinh phu Phap va toan quyen Dong Duong moi sang Viet Nam

- Nhieu cugc bai cong, bai thi, bai khoa, mit tinh, bieu tinh tiep tuc dien ra: tieu

bieu la cugc bai cong cua cong nhan Cong ty than Hon Gai, Nha may xe lira

Truang Thi

- Vao ngay 1/5/1938 tai Quang truang Nha dau xao Ha Noi, dien ra cugc mit

tinh kh6ng l6 v6i hon 2 van nguai tham gia, ho vang cac khau hieu: doi tu do lap

Hoi ai hOu, nghiep doan, thi hanh luat lao dgng, doi giam thue, chong phat xit,

ch6ng chien tranh de quoc, ting hg hoa binh

3 Dau tranh tren ITnh vyc sach bao

- Hang ioat ta bao dugc in va phat hanh rgng rai: ' T i n tuc", "Thai mai", "An Nam

tre", "Tien phong", "Dan chiing", "Lao dgng" Co to; in ca tieng Vi§t va tieng Phap

- Cuon sach "Van de dan cay" ciia Qua Ninh va Van Dinh (Truang Chinh va V6

Nguyen Giap) c6 tac dung to Ian trong viec tuyen triiyen chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin

va chii truang chinh sach ciia Dang

4 Dau tranh nghj truang

Cugc van dgng dua nguoi Dang va ciia Mat tran vao Hoi dong quan hat a Nam

Ky va Vien dan bieu a Bac Ky va Trung ky da dien ra soi noi Mot so dai bieu

triing cir da diiiig tieiig noi ciia minh de han che nhung chinh sach phan dgng ciia

bgn thirc dan

Nhu vay, tat ca nhung su kien tren chiing to rang phong trao dan chii' 1936-1939

la mot phong trao c6 qui mo rgng Ian, loi cuon dong dao cac tang lap nhan dan

tham gia, vai hinh thiic dau tranh rat phong phii

56

Den thang 9/1939 khi chien tranh the gioi Ian thu hai biing no phong trao ddu tranhl

dan chii o Dong Duong chain diit han de chuy^n sang mot thai ky dau tranh mai

i n K E T QUA VA Y NGHiA CUA PHONG T R A O

1 Ketqua

- Phong trao dau tranh cong khai hgp phap 1936-1939 da lam cho trinh do chinh

tri va kha nang cong tac cua can bg Dang vien dugc nang cao

- Qua lanh dao phong trao quan chiing uy tin va anh huong ciia Dang vien mo rgng va an sau

- Qua phong trao nay, tu tuang ciia chu nghia Mac - Le-nin va chii trirong chinh sach ciia Dang dugc pho bien rgng rai

- Da hinh thanh dugc doi quan chinh trj ciia quan chiing hang trieu nguai, ca a thanh thj va nong thon

2 Y nghia

- Phong trao dau tranh cong khai, hgp phap 1936-1939 thitc su la mot cugc each

mang dan tgc, dan chu rgng Ian

- Day la cugc dien tap Ian thii hai chuan bj cho each mang thang Tarn 1945

- Phong trao da de lai nhieu bai hgc kinh nghiem qui gia:

+ Bai hgc ve van dgng to chiic quan chiing

+ Bai hgc ve hinh thiic dau tranh va khau hieu dau tranh

C A U H O I T R A C N G H I E M Cau 1, Sau nhu'ng cuoc khung hoang kinh te 1929-1933, chu nghia phat xit da nam dvoc chinh quyen o' dau?

A Ci biic, Phap, Nhat B Q Diic, Tay Ban Nha, Y

C.CJDuc, Italia, Nhat D Q Diic, Ao-Hung

Cau 2 Chu nghia phat xit c6 dac diem nao de phan biet voi chii nghia ttf ban?

A Doc tai tan bao nhat, so vanh nhat

B Boc lot tham te doi vai cong nhan

C De quoc chii nghia nhat ciia bgn tu ban tai chinh

D Cau A va C deu diing

Cau 3 Dai hoi Quoc te Cong san Ian thir VII hop vao thoi gian nao? O dau?

A Thang 6-1934 tai Ma Cao (Trung Quoc)

B Thang 7-1935 tai Mat-xco-va (Lien X6)

C Thang 3-1935 tai Ma Cao (Trung Quoc)

D Thang 7-1935 tai \-an-\a (Lien X6)

Cau 4 Dai hoi Ian thu- V I I cua Quoc te Cong san da xac djnh ke thu ngu)

hiem truoc mht ciia nhan dan the gioi la bon nao?

A Chii nghTa de quoc, thuc dan

B Chii nghTa quan phiet va chii nghia de quoc

C Khong phai la chii nghia de quoc noi chung ma la chii nghia phat xit

D Chii nghia phan biet chiing tgc

5

Cau 5 Tai Dai hoi lAn thii- V I I ciia Quoc te Cong san, doan dai biiu Dang cong

san Dong Dirorng do ai dan dau den du- Dai hoi?

A Nguyen A i Quoc B Pham Van Dong

C Nguyen Van Cir D Le Hong Phong

Cau 6 Trong nam 1936, mat tran nhan dan nu-oe nao lam nong cot, thilng

cii-vao nghj vien va len cam quyen

A Nuac Dire B Niroc Phap C Nuoc Anh D Niioc Tay Ban Nha

Cau 7 Mot so tu chinh tri 6' Viet Nam duoc tha ra da nhanh chong tim each

hoat dong tr& lai Do la nho' chinh sach cua to chuc nao?

A Mat Iran nhan dan Phap B Mat tran nhan dan Lien X6

C Quoc te Cong,san D Thuc dan Phap

Cau 8 Nhfrng sy kien nao sau day c6 lien quan den cuoc van dong dan chii

1936- 1939?

A Nghj quyet Dai hoi Ian thir VII cua Quoc te Cong san

B Thuc dan dan ap da man X6 Viet - Nghe TTnh

C Thang Igi cua Mat tran nhan dan Phap naiTi^l936

D Cau A va C dung

Cau 9 Can cfr vao tinh hinh the gioi, trong niroc va tiep thu duong loi cua

Quoc te cong san, Dang Cong san Dong Duo'ng nhan djnh ke thu tru'oc mat

cua nhan dan Dong Duong la bon nao?

A Thirc dan Phap

B Bon phan dong thuoc dja cung be lu tay sai khong chju thi hanh chinh sach

cua Mat tran nhan dan Phap

C Bon phong kien

D Cau A va B dung

Cau 10 Nhiem vu each mang du-oc Dang ta xac dinh trong thoi ki 1936 - 1939

la gi?

A Danh duoi de quoc Phap, Dong Dirong hoan toan doc lap

B Tjch thu ruong dat cua dja chu phong'-kien chia cho dan cay

C Chong phat xit, chong chicn tranh de quoc, chong bon phan dong thuoc dja,

do! tir do dan chu, cam ao, hoa binh

D Tat ca deu dung

Cau 11 Ngay tir nam 1936, Dang ta de ra chii tru-ong thanh lap mat tran 'oi

ten goi la gi?

A Mat tran dan toe thong nhat phan de Dong Daang

B Mat tran nhSn dan phan de Dong Duong

C Mat tran dan chu Dong Duong

D Mat tran Viet Minh

Cau 12 Den thang 3-1938, ten goi cua mat tran 6 Dong Duong la gi?

A Mat tran dan chii thong nhat Dong Duong

, B Mat tran thong nhat phan de Dong Duong

58

C Mat tran nhan dan phan de Dong Duong [ ' ~

D Mat tran Viet Minh

Cau 13 Ve hinh thu-c va phu'o'ng phap dau tranh trong thai ki 1936 - 1939 dien ra nhu the nao?

A Hop phap va nira hop phap, cong khai va nira cong khai

B K^t hop dau tranh chinh trj vai dau tranh vu trang

C Loi dung tinh hinh the gioi va trong nuoc dau tranh cong khai doi mat v6i ke thii,

D Dau tranh tren ITnh vuc nghj truong la chu yeu

Cau 14 Phong trao Dong Duong Dai hoi dien ra trong thoi gian nao?

A Tir nam 1936 den nam 1939

B Tir cuoi nam 1936 den cuoi nam 1937

C T u giua nam 1936 den thang 3 nam 1938

D T u gifra nam 1936 den thang 9 nam 1936

Caul5 Qua cac cuoc mit tinh bieu tinh, du-a "dan nguyen", lye luong nao tham gia dong dao va hang hai nhat?

A Cong nhan va nong dan B Hoc sinh va thgthu cong

C Tri thuc va dan ngheo thanh thi D Cau A va C dung

Cau 16 Cuoc mit tinh Ion nhat trong cuoc van dong dan chu 1936 - 1939, dien

ra vao thoi gian nao? O dau?

A Vao ngay 1-8-1936, tai Quang truong Ba Dinh (Ha Noi)

B Vao ngay 1-5-1938, tai B6n Thuy, Vinh '

C Vao ngay 1-5-1939, tai Ha Noi ' ,

D Vao ngay 1-5-1938 tai nha Dau Xao - Ha Noi

Cau 17 Tac pham "Van de dan tay" cua Qua Ninh va Van Dinh duoc in va phat hanh rong rai trong cuoc van dong dan chii 1936-1939 Vay Qua Ninh va Van Dinh la ai?

A Song Hong va Xuan Thiiy B Nguyen A i Quoc va Pham Van Dong

G Truong Chinh va Vo Nguyen Giap D Tran Phii va Ha Iliiy Tap

Cau 18 Trong nhfing nam 1937 - 1938, Dang Cong san Dong Duon^ loi dunj kha nang hop phap dua nguoi ciia Dang va ciia Mat tran vao Hoi dong Quai hat 6' Nam Ki va Vien dan bieu 6' BSc- Trung K i nham muc dich gi?

A Van dong bon tay sai ciia thuc dan Phap diing ve phia each mang de dai

tranh doi dan sinh, dan chii

B Ma rcMig dja ban hoat dong trong ca nuac, gay ca sa each mang trong toan quoc

C Nam bit tinh hinh dedoi pho vai ke thu trong bit cu tinh huong nao, don

thai chuan bi tien den thuc hien cuoc dau tranh giai phong dan toe

D Tat ca cung sai

Cau 19 Trong cuoc van dong dan chu 1936 - 1939, c6 hai sy kien tieu bic nhat, do la hai sy kien nao?

A Phong trao Dai hoi Dong Duong va phong trao dau tranh doi dan sinh, dan chu

B Phong trao dau tranh tren ITnh vuc bao chi va nghj truong

• ,5

C, Phong trad don Go-da va dau tranh nglii truang

D Phong trao bao chi va doi dan sinh dan chu

Cau 20 Net n6i bat nhat ciia cuoc van dong dSn chu 1936 - 1939 la gi?

A Uy tin va anh huong cua Dang duoc ma rong va an sau trong quan chiing

nhan dan

B Tu tirong va chu truong ciia Dang dugc pho bien, trinh do chinh trj va cong

tac ciia dang vien dugc nang cao

C Tap hop duoc mot luc luong cong - nong hiing manh

p Dang da tap hop dugc mot lire lirgng chinh trj cua quan chiing dong dao va

sir dung hinh thiic, phuong pliap dau tranh phong phii

Cau 21 Dai hoi Quoc te cong san Ian thii- VII (7-1935) da c6 nhirng chii truong

gi?

A Thanh lap Dang Cong san a moi nuac

B Thanh lap Mat tran nhan dan a cac nuoc

C Thanh lap Mat tran nhan dan a cac nuoc tu ban

D Thanh lap Mat tran nhan dan a cac nuoc thugc dia

Cau 22 Mat tran nhan dan Phap do Diing Cong San lam nong cot, thang cir

vao nghj vien va len cam quyen vao nam nao?

A 1935 B 1936 C 1937 D 1938

Cau 23 Dang ta chuyen hirong chi dao sach luoc trong thoi ki 1936-1939 dira

tren co' so nao?

A Duong loi nghj quyet ciia Quoc te cong san

B Tinh hinh thuc tien cua Viet Nam

C Tinh hinh the gioi va trong niroc c6 su' thay doi

D Dang Cong san Dong Duong phuc hoi va hoat dong manh

Cau 24 Khau hieu dau tranh ciia thoi ki each mang 1936-1939 la gi?

A "Danh do de quoc Phap- Dong Duong hoan toan doc lap"

B "Tjch thu rugng dat ciia dja chii chia cho dan cay"

C "Doc lap dan tgc" "Ngiroi cay c6 rugng"

D "Chong phat xit chong chien tranh, doi tu do dan chii, cam ao hoa binh"

Cau 25 Thang 8-1936, Dang chii truong phat dong phong trao gi?

A Dong Duong Dai hoi

B Phong trao doi dan sinh dan chii

C Van dong nguoi ciia Dang vao Vien dan bieu

D Mit tinh dien thuyet thu thap "dan nguyen"

Cau 26 Mit tinh bieu tinh dua "dan nguyen", do la hinh thuc dau tranh ciia

phong trao nao?

A Dong Duong Dai hoi

B Phong trao don doan phai vien ciia chinh phii Phap va toan quyen mai xu

Dong Duong

C A va B dimg

D A va B sai

60

Cau 27 Phong trao Dong Duong Dai hoi dien ra trong thoi gian nao?

A Tu- nam 1936 den nam 1939

B Til' cu6i nam 1936 den cuoi nam 1937

C Til-giua nam 1936 den thang 3-! 938

D T u giua nam 1936 den thang 9-1936

Cau 28 Cuoc dau tranh cong khai, hop phap trong nhirng nam 1936-1939 thuc su la mot cuoc each mang gi?

A Mgt cao trao each mang dan tgc dan chu

B Mgt cuoc each mang giai phong dan tgc

C Mgt cuoc dau tranh giai cap

D Mgt cuoc tuyen truyen van dong chii nghTa Mac - Le-nin

Cau 29 Dieu nao khong phai chinh sach ciia chinh phii Mat tran nhan dan Phap nam 1936, doi voi cac thuoc dia?

A Cho phep lap Hgi ai huu

B Giai quyet van de rugng dat cho nhan dan

C Tra tu do cho mgt s6 tu chinh trj

D Cho phep xuat ban bao chi

Cau 30 Cuoc mit tinh khong Id ciia 2 van ruoi nguoi dien ra tai khu Dau Xao

- Ha Noi vao ngay nao?

A 1-5-1930 B 1-5-1935 C.1-5-1938 D.1-5-1939 1 Cau 31 Hinh thirc dau tranh chu yen cua phong trao Dong Duong Dai hoi la gi?

A Tuan hanh B Mit tinh |

C Dua dan nguyen D Dien thuyet J

Cau 32 Ket qua Ion nhat cua phong trao each mang dan chu 1936-1939 la gi?

A Chinh quyen thuc dan phai nhiigng bg, cai thien mgt phan quyen dan sinh,, dan chu

B Quan chung dugc tap dugt dau tranh duoi nhieu hinh thiic

C Thanh lap Mat tran dan chu nhan dan doan ket rgng rai cac tang lop xa hgi

D Quan chiing dugc 16 chuc va giac ngg Dang dugc toi l ^ e n , tich luy kinh nghi^m xay dung mat tran thong nhat •

Cau 33 Vi sao cao trao dan chii 1936-1939 duoc xem la cuoc tong dien tap Ian thir hai chuan bj cho thang loi ciia Cach mang thang 8-1945?

^ A Uy tin va anh huong ciia Dang dugc ma rgng, trinh do ciia Dang vien dugc

H nang cao

H B T u tuang va chii truang cua Dang dugc pho bien rgng rai

C Tap dugt cho quan chiing dau tranh chinh tri, thanh lap mgt dgi quan chinh

trj rgng Ion tap hgp xung quanh Dang

D Tat ca deu diing

H

C S u 34 H a y dien dung(D) sai (S) vao cac cau sau day:

A Ciioc killing hoang kinh te 1929-1933 da lam cho mau t h i i l n xa hgi trong cac

nirac t u ban chu nghTa sau sac

B Chu nghTa phat x i t xuat hien d A n h , Phap, Italia

C Chu nghTa phat x i t xuat hien d Due Italia, Nhat

D N a m 1936 M a t tran nhan dan Phap do Dang cong san lam nong cot thang cu

vao nghi vien

E Thang 3-1938 Mat tran dan chu llT6ng nh§t D o n g D u o n g doi thanh Mat tran

nhan dan phan de D o n g Duong

F Go-da la toan quyen x u Dong Duong nam 1935

G Ke thu truoc mat cua nhan dan Dong Duong (1936-<I939) la bon phan dpng

thuoc dja va tay sai cua chung

C a u 35 H a y noi nien dai a cot A phu hop vol sir kien & cot B

B Phong trao Dong Duong Dai hoi

3 •8-1936 C Don phai vien chinh phu Phap

7- i-5-1938 G M i t tinh tai khu Dau Xao - Ha N o i \

H Tong bai cong cua cong t i than Hon Gai

I

C a u 36 Ha y chii r a cau khong dung sau day:

A Trong nhung nam 1936-1939, phong trao dau tranh each mang la ket hop

kha nang hgp phap va nua hop phap, cong khai nua cong khai

B N h i e m vy each mang dugc Dang xac djnh trong thai k i 1936-1939 la danh

do de quoe gianh doc lap, danh do phong kien thirc hien nguoi cay c6 ruong

C Ten goi cua mat tran thong nhat thai ki 1936-1939 la Mat tran dan chu Dong Duong

D Ngay 1-5-1938, T o n g bai cong cua cong nhan cong t i thart Hon Gai

1 Hoan canh lich sir

a Tren thi gi&i:

- Thang 9/1939 chien tranh the gioi Ian thu hai bung no, thang 6/1940 phat xit

£)uc chi^m dong nuoc Phap, bon phan dong Phap hoan toan dau hang va chinh phu tay sai Petanh len cam quyen 6 Phap

0 V i l n Dong, phat xit Nhat day manh chien tranh xam luge T r i m g Qudc va

tien sat bien gioi V i e t - Trung

b Trong nu&c:

Thuc dan Phap thi hanh chinh sach thai chien, phat x i t hoa bo may thong trj, thang tay dan ap phong trao each mang Mat kliac chung thoa hiep v a i Nhat ap buc, boc lot nhan dan Dong Duong Dang Cong san Dong D u o n g da kjp thai rut vao hoat dong bi mat chuan bi cho cao trao each mang m a i

2 Noi dung cua Hoi nghj Ian thu- V I (11- 1939)

Trong dieu kien Ijch sir mai, Hoi nghi T W Dang Ian V I (11-1939) da xac djnh:

- Ke thu cu the truac mat cua nhan dan Dong Duong la chii ngliTa de quoc, phat xit

- N h i e m v i i trung tarn truoc mat cua each mang D o n g D u o n g la danh do de quoc, phat xit Phap - Nhat va tay sai, lam cho Dong D u o n g hoan toan doc lap Dat nhiem vu giai phong dan toe len hang dau va cap bach Cac nhiem vu khac (ca nhiem vu chong phong kien) phai nham giai quyet nhiem vu do

- Hgi nghi chu truong thanh lap Mat tran dan toe thong-nhat phan de Dong Duong thay cho Mat tran dan chii Dong Duong nhSm doan ket rgng rai dan tpc, thuc hien nhung nhiem vu cap bach cua each mang

- H g i nghi quyet dihh thay d6i hinh thuc va phuang phap dau tranh cho phu hop: Tir d^u tranh doi dan sinh dan chu den dau tranh true t i l p danh do chinh

quyen cua de quoc, tay sai, t u hoat dong hgp phap sang hoat dong bi mat va bat

hgp phap, dau tranh chinh tri ket hgp v a i d^u tranh vu trang va k h a i nghTa vu trang

- H g i nghi quyet djnh tam ngSt khau hieu "each mang rugng dat", ma chi de ra

khau hieu: "tich thu rugng AkX ciia thirc dan d l quoc va dja chu tay sai chia cho dan

ngheo"

N h u vay, H g i nghj Trung uang Ian V I (11/1939) danh dau sir c h u y i n huang dau tien nhung vo cung dung dan ve chi dao chien luge each mang va phuang phap each mang cua Dang, ma dudng cho t h i n g Igi cua Cach mang thang Tam

Hgi nghj th^ hien su nhay ben chinh trj va nang lire sang tao cua Dang trong qua trinh lanh dao each mang Viet Nam

63

n NHUlVG C U O C K H O I NGHIA VU TRANG BAO H I E U T H O I K Y D A U

T R A N H MOI

1 Khoi nghia BSc Son (27 - 9 - 1940)

- Ngay 22/9/1940, Nliat daiili up Lang Son, Phap thua rut chay'qua Chau BS(

San Dual sir lanh dao ciia Dang bo dja phuong nhan dan da vung day tuoc vii kh,

cua Phap ti^ vu trajrg cho minh, giai tan chinh quy^n dich, thanh lap chinh quyen

each mang (27/9/1940)

- May horn, sau Nhat - Phap thoa hiep vol nhau Phap tap trung lire luong dan ap

nhan dan B a t ^ o n rat da man

- Tir 27/9 d6n 20/10/1940, doi su ianh dao cua Dang bo dja phuong, nhan dan B§e

So-n dau tranh chong khung bo, trung tri bon tay sai dich, tich thu tai san ciia de quoe

va tay sai chia deu cho dan ngheo, ddng thai thanh lap doi du kich Bkc Son

- Ngay 20/10/1940, Phap cung eo luc lugng tSn cong va dan ap each mang

danh up V u Lang Doi du kich Bkc Son rut vao rung tiep tuc hoat dong Day la luc

lugng vu trang dau tien cua ta

2 K h o i nghia Nam K y (23 - 11 - 1940)

Quan Thai Lan voi sir da cua Nhat Lgi dung co' hgi quan Phap bai tran a chau

Au va yeu the a Dong Duong, tien hanh khieu khich xung dot bien giai Lao

Campuchia De chong lai, thirc dan Phap bat linh nguoi Viet ra mat tran chk thay

cho chung Nhan dan, nhat la binh linh nguoi Viet rk bk binh va soi sue khi the

dau tranh

Tinh the cap bach nen Dang bg Nam Ky phai quylt djnh khoi nghTa tuy chua c6

sir chuan bj, lenh dinh chi khoi nghTa cua Dang ngoai BSc vao chain Truoc ngay

khai sir, mot so can bg chi huy bi bSt, ke hoach khoi nghTa bj Ig, thuc dan Phap tim

each d6i pho

Tuy vay, khai ngiiTa van no ra tlieo su dir kien vao dem 22 rang sang ngay

23/11/1940 a hau het cac tinh Nam Ky NghTa quan triet ha nhieu don bot giac, pha tan

nhieu chinh quyen djch, thanh lap chinh quyen nhan dan va toa an each mang a nhieu

dja phuong Co do sao vang Ian dau tien xuat hien tu trong khoi nghTa quan eliiTng

Thuc dan Phap dung nhieu thu doan dan ap da man cac cugc khai nghTa Chung

bat di day hang nghin chien sT yeu nuoc, xu ban mot so chien sT uu tu ciia Dang bi

bit trirac cugc khoi nghTa: N g u y i n Van Cu, Ha Huy Tap, Nguyen Thj Minh Khai

Co sa Dang bj ton that nang, ingt so can bg va nghTa quan bi mat rut vao riing,

chan chinh dgi ngii cha ca hgi hoat tra lai

3 Binh bien Do Lirong (13 - 01 -1941)

Phong trao each mang ciia quan chung da anh huang den tinh than cua binh linh

nguai Viet trong quan dgi Phap Tai Nghe An, binh linh rat bat binh vi bj bat sang

Lao lam b i a d a dan cho Phap ch6ng Thai Lan

Ngay 13/01/1941 duoi su lanh dao cua dgi Cung (Nguyin Van Cung), binh linh

keo den chg Rang (Do Luong-Nghe An) noi day Toi hom do, hg danh ehiem d6n

Do Luang roi djnh keo ve Vinh nhung k^ hoach khong thanh Dgi Cung bj thuc

dan Phap bat va x u t u cung 10 dong chi ciia ong ta tai Vinh Nhi^u nguoi khae bj

ket an kho sai va dem di day

64

^^^5^ J V nghTa ciia ba sy kien tren no

Cugc khoi nghTa BSc Son Nam Ky va cugc binh bien Do Luang cuoi ciing bj

-t bai do thuc dan Phap luc do con manh, khai nghTa no ra chua chin muoi, ciuia

di'uig thoi ca Mac dau bj that bai, song ba sir kien tren da;

Moi len long yeu nuoc nong nan, the hien tinh than dau tranh bat khuat vi dgc IIP tu do ciia dan tgc ta

Giang mot d o n chi tu vao thuc Phap canh cao nghiem khae phat xit Nhat vua iTioi dat chan len dAt nuoc ta " D o la nhung tieng sung bao hieu ciia cugc khoi nghTa loan quoe"

lai cho each mang nhieu bai hgc kinh nghiem qui gia, nhat bai hoc v e thai

ca khoi nghTa Rieng khoi nghTa Bac Son de lai cho each mang dgi du kich Bac

Son, khoi nghTa Nam Ky de lai cho each mang la ca do sao vang nam canh, sau nay tra thanh qu6c ky - mot bieu tugng thieng lieng ciia dat nuoc [ Trung uong Dang da nhan djnh v^ ba cugc khai nghTa vii trang nay nhu sau:

"Nhung cugc khai nghTa lai gay mot anh huong rgng Ion toan quoe Do la nhung tilng Sling bao hieu cho khai nghTa toan quoe, la buac dau dau tranh bang vu luc cua cac dan tgc Dong Duong."

111 T I N H H I N H D O N G DUOTVG D U O l A C H T H O N G T R I C U A P H A P

-N H A T H O I -N G H I T W L A -N T H U V I I I D A -N G (5/1941) V A V I E C T H A -N H

L A P M A T T R A N V I E T M I N H

1 So lu'oc qua trinh xam iuoc Dong Duong ciia phat xit Nhat

Dong Duong la mot dja ban rat quan trgng ve chien luge quan su: tu Dong

Duong CO thS thong tai cac Chau luc Dai duong La nai c6 nguon tai nguyen thien

nhien phong phiT, khoang san doi dao, nguon nhan luc Ion B6i vay cac de quoe tim each chiem dgat

Sau khi xam luge Trung Quoe, Nhat dua quan vao Dong Duong, dung sue ep bugc Phap phai ky mot loat cac Hiep uac bat binh dang, roi lan lugt dang Dong Duong cho Nhat

' - Ngay 30/8/1940 Nhatbugc Phap ky Hiep dinh Tokyo, g6m cac ngi dung:

+ Nhat dirge su dung ba san bay Ion a Bk Ky: Gia Lam, Cat Bi, PhiT Lang Thirong + Nhat duge dong 6.000 quan a phia bac Song Hong

+ Nhat dugc sir dung cac con duang a Bac Ky de van chuyen binh linh, vu khi, luong thuc

- Sau khi d6 bg vao Do Son, danh Hai Phong, Lang Son (22/9/1940), den dau thang 7/1941 Nhat bugc Phap ky Hiep iroc "Cam k i t phong thu Dong Duang voi Nh^t" Thuc te la Nhat da chi huy Phap ve mat quan su

- Thang 12/1941 Nhat bugc Phap ky Hiep uac "Cam ket hgp tac toan dien voi Nhat": + Tao mgi su de dang cho viec hanh binh ciia Nhat

+ Cung cap luong thuc, bo tri doanh trai cho quan Nhat

+ Bao dam hau phuong an toan cho quan Nhat N h u vay ve ca ban Nhat da '^"1 chiT Dong Duang T u do, Phap Nhat Cc4u ket chat che voi nhau trong viec boc '^t nhan dan Dong Duong Nhan dan Dong Duang phai ganh chjii hai tang xieng

^'ch Nhat - Phap

65

2 T i n h h i n h D o n g D u o n g diroi a c h thdng trj ciia Nliat P h a p

a Ve pliia Nlial

Cliinh sach thong trj ciia Nhat a D o n g D u o n g clii la tiep n6i sir thong t r i ciia

Phap truoc day va ngay cang phan dong hon

* IV' chinh Iri:

- Tiiang tay dan ap each mang va nhung nguoi yeu nuoc b o p nghet m o i

quyC-n tir do dan chu ciia nhan dan

- Lap chinh quyen bii nhin "than Nhat" do Tran T r g n g K i m lam thii tironu

va bay t i o Ira " d o c lap'" gia hieu de lira bjp nhan dan ta

- C'hiing khuyen khich cac to chire dang phai than Nhat boat dong de chong

plia each mang Viet N a m , tieu bieu la Dang D a i Viet |

* Ve kinh le

- Chung thang tay boc lot nhan dan ta bang each tang thue, bat nhan dan ta di

phu \ay d u n g ham hao don bot, kho tang

- Bk nhan dan ta nh6 liia trong day, than dau phiie vu cho eong nghiep ehien

tranh

Hau qua ciia cac chinh sach phan dong noi tren la: nan d o i khiing khiep cuoi

nam 1944 dau nam 1945 da giet hai 2 trieu dong bao ta

* Ve vein h(')a giao due

- C h u n g dung van hoa no djch de dau doc nhan dan ta Khuyen khich mo

truong day chCr Nhat d6 dao tao bon tay sai cho chung Chung dung sach bao, phim \

cinh doi truy de dau doc thanh thieu nien

- C l u i n g tuyen truy^n cho kh6i " D a i D o n g A'", " T h i n h virong c h u n g " , chung

tuyen truyen van hoa Nhat, siic manh cua Nhat de gay tam ly phuc Nhat

* Ve cjiidii sir

- C h i i n g lien tiep m a nhung cuoc hanh quan can quet, tan cong vao cac can

cir dja ciia ta thanh lap quan d o i bii nhin, bien D o n g D u o n g thanh can ci'r quan su

phuc v i i ehien tranh cua chiing

Tat ca n h u n g chinh sach ciia Nhat d D o n g D u o n g deu nham bien D o n g Dirong

thanh mot thuoc dja, m o t can cir quan sir va la thi t r u o n g doc chiem ciia Nhat, vi

the nhfm dan D o n g D i r o n g rat cam thii chiing D o chinh la nguyen nhan dan t o i su

biing no Cao trao khang Nhat ciiu nuoc

b Ve pliia Phap

* Kiuh le: T h i hanh chinh sach " K i n h ik chi b u y " d^ n^m doc quyen nen kinh te

D o n g Dirong va v a vet boc lot n h i l u hon: tang t h u l , d$c biet la cac loai thue gian

thu ( t u nam 1939-1945, thu^ r u g u , thue m u o i , thu6 thuoc phien tang len 3 \an): thu

mua lirong thue, thirc pham theo loi cuong biic v o i gia re mat, gay nen nan doi i

khiing khiep cuoi nam 1944 dau nam 1945 a mien Bac

* Chinh tri: T h i hanh chinh sach hai mat: M o t mat, tiep tuc dan ap, khung bo

phong trao each mang mat khac dung thii doan chinh trj lira b i p hong lam cho

nhan dan ta tirong lam chiing la " b a n " chii khong phai la thii

66

* Ve xd hoi: D u a l ach thong trj ciia Nhat Ian Phap, d o i song cac tang lap nhan

Jan D o n g D i r o n g v 6 ciing dieu di'rng:

- N o n g dan: chiu dieu diing nhat, d o i ret nhat T r o n g l o n g so 2 trieu nguoi

^jiet doi cuoi nam 1944 dau nam 1945 da so la nong dan

- Cong nhan: b that nghiep, bi tang gio lam, bot tien lirong, bi ciip phat, danh dap

- Cac tang lop tieu tir san doi song bap benh vi gia sinh boat cao, that nghiep,

thua iS sap hieu luon luon c h a don ho

- Giai cap tir san, dja chii (trir mot so c6 quyen l o i g^n v o i Phap, Nhat) ciing

bi sa Slit hoac pha san

3 H o i nghj T r u n g irang D a n g Ian V I I I (5/1941) v a viec t h a n h l a p M a t t r a n Vi^t M i n h

a Hoan cdnh Ijch

su-* The giai: Chien tranh the giai Ian thir hai da biroc sang nam thir ba, sau k h i chiem phan Ion chau A u , phat x i t Diic chuan bj tan cong Lien X 6 , Nhat m a rong xam luoc T r u n g Quoc, chuan bj chien tranh Thai Binh D u o n g

* Trong nirac: N h a n dan D o n g D u o n g phai chju hai tang ap birc boc lot cua Phap - Nhat, man thuan gifra cac dan toe Dong Dirang v o i de quoc, phat xit Phap -Nhat phat trien gay gat

Nhan dan D o n g D i r o n g ngay cang each mang hoa, nhieu cuoc dau tranh da n6

ra, tieu bieu la cuoc khoi nghTa BSc Son (9/1940) N a m K y ( I 1/1940) va cuoc Binh bien D o Lirong (1/1941)

Truoc tinh hinh the gioi va trong nuoc ngay cang khan t r u o n g , ngay 28/1/1941 Nguyen A i Quoc ve niroe va trieu tap H o i nghj Trung irong D a n g Ian thir V i l l , hop tir ngay 10 den 19/5/1941 tai PSc B6 (Cao BSng)

h Noi dung hoi nghj

- H o i nghj xac djnh ke thu ciia nhan dan D o n g D u o n g liic nay la de quoc, phat xit Phap - Nhat va cac lire luong phan each mang tay sai ciia chiing

- M a u thuan giua cac dan toe D o n g D u o n g v o i de quoc - phat x i t la man thuan chu yeu nhat, van menh ciia cac dan toe D o n g D u o n g nguy v o n g k h o n g liic nao

bJng N g u y e n A i Quoc noi: " T r o n g liic nay neu khong giai quyet dirge van de dan

toe khong d o i duge doe lap tir do cho toan the dan tgc thi chang nhiing toan the

quoc gia dan tgc eon chju mai kiep ngira trau, ma quyen Igi ciia bg phan, giai cap

<^en van nam sau cung khong doi dirge"

- H g i nghj quyet djnh giirong cao hon nira ngon c a giai phong dan tgc de danh duoi de quoc, phat xit Phap - Nhat

Wm^ H g i nghj chii t r u o n g tiep tuc tam gat khau hieu each mang rugng dat, chi tjch

'fiU rugng dat ciia bgn De quoc va Viet gian, chia lai rugng dat cong, giam dja to

HI? H g i nghj khSng djnh: Chuan bj khoi nghTa vfi trang la nhiem vu ciia toan Dang

B 'toan dan ta

H g i nghj quyet djilh dat van de dan tgc trong khuon k h o tirng nirac D o n g

'^U'ong, song cac dan toe phai doan ket, eiing nhau chong ke thii chung la Phap Nhat, phai lien he mat thiet v o i Lien X 6 va cac luc lirgng dan chii chong phat xit O

-67

moi niioc thanh lap mot mat tian doan ket dan toe O Viet Nam la Viet Nam do^

lap dong minh goi tat la Mat tran Viet M i n h

- Hoi nghi cu- Ban chap hanh Trung uong Dang d o dong chi T r u o n g Chinh laiii

tong bi thu

Hoi nghj Trung uong Dang Ian thir V I I I da hoan chinh viec c h u y l n huang clu

dao chien kroc, sach luge each mang da de ra trong Hoi nghi trung uong Ian tlu'r V |

( 1 1/1939) N o CO tac dung quyet dinh trong vice van dong toan Dang, toan dan

chuan bi tien toi each mang.thang Tarn

4 Hoat dong ciia Mat train Viet Minh va vai tro ciia no doi voi thang loi cii

Cach mang thang Tarn 1945

a Hoat (long ciia Mat tran Vict Minh

Mat tran Viet M i n h thanh lap ngay 19/5/1941 theo chii truong ciia Hoi ngln

Trung uong Ian thiV V I I I , chi sau mot thai gian ngan da c6 uy tin va gay anh huoiii;

sau rong trong nhan dan

Ngay 25/10/1941, Mat tran Viet Minh chinh thuc thong qua Tuyen ngon truoc

quoc dan dong bao

Mat tr^n Viet M i n h ci~ing cong bo chuang trinh cuu nuoc gom cac chinh sach v i

chinh t r i , kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi nham lam cho "Nuoc Viet Nam hoan toan

do-lap, nhan dan Viet Nam dupe sung suong t u do"

Qua trinh chuan bj cua Mat tran Viet M i n h de tien toi gianh thSng l o i troni'

Cach mang thang Tam:

* Xdy dimg luc luaiig chinh tri

- Tai Bac Son - V u Nhai: Luc lupng du kich thong nhat thanh Cuu quoc

quan va phat dong chien tranh du kich trong 8 thang ( t u thang 7/1941 d^n thanu

2/1942) sau do phan tan thanh nhieu bo phan de gay ea so trong quan chung

- Tai Cao Bang: Cao Bang la noi thi diem xay dung cac Hoi cuu quoc troni

Mat tran Viet M i n h Den nam 1942 kh^^p 9 Chau deu co Hoi cuu quoc, Uy ban Vici

M i n h tinh Cao Bang va IJy ban Viet Minh lien tinh Cao - Bac - Lang lap ra 19 ban

xung phong "Nam tien" de phat trien luc luong each mang xuong cac tinh mien xuoi

- C5 cac noi khac: Dang tranh thu tap hop nhan dan vao Mat tran cuu quoc

nam 1943 dua ra "Ban de cuong van hoa V i f t N a m " va van dong thanh lap "H(>!

van hoa cuu quoc Viet N a m "

* Xdy dimg can cu dia each mang

- Thang 8/1942 hai can cu Bac Son - V i i Nhai va Cao Bang noi lien nhau

- Luc luong each mang phat trien trong khu vuc rong Ion Cao Bang, Ba

Can, Lang Son, Ha Giang, Thai Nguyen, Tuyen Quang

- Den thang 6/1945 khu giai phong Viet BSc ra d o i la hinh anh thu nho cu ^

mot nuoc Viet Nam m o i

* Xdy dimg luc Imrng vu trang vd chiidn bi Ichai nglva vii trang

- Ngay 7/5/1944 T6ng bo Viet M i n h ra Chi thj "Sua scan khoi nghia" va kei'

goi nhan dan "sSm sua vu k h i duoi thij chung" Khong khi chuan bi khdi ngliTa sin

soi trong can cu

- N g a y 2 2 / 1 2 / 1 9 4 4 theo Chi thj cua H6 Chi M i n h , doi V i e t N a m tuyen truyen giai phong quan duoc thanh lap va hai ngay sau da ha don Phay K h a t - N a Ngan

- Ngay 9/3/1945 Nhat dao chinh Phap, tiep theo C h i thj "Nhat Phap bSn

^hau" va hanh dong ciia chung ta" cua Dang Mat tran Viet M i n h ra lenh keu goi

Sbng bao toan qu6c day manh Cao trao khang Nhat cuu nuoc

- Thang 5/1945, sap nhap " V i e t Nam tuyen truyen giai phong quan" vai feiru qu6c quan" thanh " V i ^ t Nam giai phong quan"

Den Cach mang thang Tam, Mat tran Viet M i n h da phat trien rong khap, va dong vai tro quan trong trong khoi nghTa gianh chinh quyen

b Vai tro ciia Mat tran Viet Minh

- Mat tran Viet M i n h da tap hop dong dao quan chung hinh thanh nen luc luong chinh tri dong dao each mang dual sir lanh dao cua Dang, dong vien sue manh ciia

ea dan toe, thuc hien chinh sach dai doan ket dan toe, phan hoa va c6 lap ke thu

- Tren ca so phat t r i l n cac doan the cuu quoc trong Mat tran Viet M i n h , luc lugng vu trang each mang hinh thanh va phat trien, cung vai luc luong quan chung dong dao tao nen sue manh tong hop noi day gianh chinh quyen

- Mat tran Viet M i n h la sang tao cua Dang va Chii tjch Ho C h i M i n h , la mot di^n hinh trong cong tac Mat tran ciia Dang

IV C A O T R A O K H A N G NHAT C U U NU6>C (TU T H A N G 3 D E N THANG

8 NAM 1945)

1 Chii truong ciia Dang

Ngay dem 9/3/1945, Ban Thuang v^i Trung uong Dang da hop, phan tich tinh hinh va nhan djnh cuoc dao chinh Nhat - Phap da dua den hau qua la gay ra cuoc 'khiing hoang chinh trj Ion doi voi Nhat, lam cho tinh the each mang xuat hien T u

do Hoi nghj di toi chii truang phat dong mot Cao trao khang Nhat cuu quoc that manh me trong toan quoc, lam tien de cho mot cuoc tong khoi nghTa va san sang chuyen sang hinh tlu'rc tong khoi nghTa khi thai ca den >

; - Ngay 12/3/1945, Thuang vu Trung uong Dang ra Chi thj: "Nhat - Phap ban nhau va hanh dong cua chiTng ta" N o i dung ciia Chi t h i :

+ Vach ro nguyen nhan va hau qua ciia cuoc dao chinh Nhat - Phap

+ Xac djnh ke thu chinh, duy nhat ciia nhan dan ta luc bay g i a la Nhat cung bon tay sai ciia chiing

+ Keu goi quSn chiing diing len khang Nhat ciiu nuoc lam ukn de cho tong

khoi nghTa va sSn sang chuyen sang tong khoi nghTa khi thai ca den

+ Phat dong quan chiing noi day dau tranh duoi nhieu hinh thiic, ke ca hinh thiic khoi nghTa vu trang gianh chinh quyen

+ Thay d6i mc)i hinh thiic hoat dong, hinh thiic dau tranh cho phu hop v o i

Jl^thai ky tien khoi nghTa Thay khhu hieu: "Danh dii6i Nhat - Phap" bang khau hieu

|f**Danh duoi Phat xit Nhat" va de ra khk\u "Thanh lap chinh q u y i n each mang ciia nhan dan Dong Duong"

69

Ngoai ra chi thj con chi r6: do tinh hinh tuang qiian lire lirong giCra ta va djch 6

moi noi klidng giong nhaii, each mang c6 the chin muoi d cac dia phirong khong

deu nhaii, nen noi nao thiiy so sanh lire kryng eo Igi cho each mang thi tien hanh

khoi nghTa tung phan, gianh ehinh quyen tiing bo phan, roi t i ^ n t o i tong khai nghTg

gianh ehinh quyen trong toan quoe

Nhir vay, ehi thi "'Nhat - Phap ban nhau va hanh dong eiia ehung ta" c6 gia tri y

ngliTa nhir mot ngon eo dan dat toan dan ta tien hanh Cao trao khang Nhat euu nuoc,

tao dieu kien eho sir sang tao eiia eac dia phuong tren eo' so duong loi ehung cua Dang,

2 Dien bien cua cao trao khang Nhat ciiu nuoc

Diroi anh sang Nghi quyet Thiiong vu Trung irong Dang (9/3/1945) va ehi thi

"Nhat - Phap ban nhau va hanh dong eua ehung ta" (12/3/1945) ea nuoe day len

mot Cao trao khang Nhat euu nuoe soi noi, manh me

Ngay 1 1/3/1945 tai Ba Ta (Quang Ngai), mot so tu ehinh tri thoat khoi nha lac,

lanh dao quan ehung khoi nghTa, ehiem duge don Ba T o , xay dung can eir each

mang Ba T o Day la cuoc khoi nghTa tung phan dau tien gianh duoc tliang I g i

Tai viing can ci'r dja, cae lire lugng vu trang cua ta ( D o i Viet Nam tuyen truyen

giai phong quan va D o i euu qucc quan) da chan danh quan djeh, ehiem don djch,

tuyen truyen phat trien luc lugng ehinh t r i , lire lugng vu trang Nhieu noi quan

ehung da thanh lap dirge chinh quyen each mang duoi hinh thi'rc U B N D va Uy ban

each mang Tieu bieu nhat la sir ra doi khu giai phong Viet Bac (6/1945) gom 6

tinh Cao Bang, Bae Can, Lang Son, Thai Nguyen, Tuyen Quang, Ha Giang

Tai eac do thj Ion: Ha N o i , Hai Phong, Nam Djnh, V i n h , Hue, Da Nang, Sai

Gon - C h g L o n , lien tiie no ra nhieu euge mit tinh, bieu tinh ehong Nhat, loi euon

hang van nguoi tham gia Nhieu khaii hieu dau tranh xuat hien: "Bat hgp tac v6i

giac Nhat", ' ' K h c n g di phu, di linh eho Nhat", " K h o n g dong thuc cho Nhat"

Tai cae vung nong thon, "Phong trao pha kho thoe cua giac Nhat ehia cho dan

ngheo" da duge dong dao quan chi'ing huong ung, nhat la d dong bang Bae Bo va

Bac Trung Bg (Thai Binh, Nam Djnh, Ha Nam, Hung Yen, Hai Duong, Nghe A n ,

Ha 'TTnh - nai dang xay ra nan doi nghiem trgng)

Tu- nhung ngay dau thang Tam 1945, Cao trao khang Nhat dien ra ngay cang soi

sue Tai cac thanh pho Ion, truyen don, bieu ngu, khau hieu chong Nhat c a d o bi'ia

Wkm, CO do sao vang bi mat xuat hien khap nai, nhieu ten Viet gian bi trir khCr

N h i n ehung quan ehung da san sang, ehi con eho don co' hoi la se dung len tien

hanh Tong khoi nghTa Cao trao khang Nhat euu nuoe la buae phat trien virgt bac

cua each mang nuoe ta Qua cao trao, quan ehung dirge ehuan bj ve t u tirong va to

chue de khoi nghTa gianh ehinh quyen, tao tien de thuc day thai ea k i w i nghTa

nhanh ehong chin muoi

V C A C H M A N G T H A N G T A M T H A N H C O N G T R O N G C A N U O C ,

N U O C V I E T N A M D A N C H U C O N G H O A R A D O I (2/9/1945)

1 Nguyen nhan

Caeh mang thang Tam thanh cong, ngoai vice ehuan bi ehu dao eon can c6 thoi

ea Thai ea la su ket hgp nhuan nhuyen nhijng dieu kien ben trong va dieu kien

ben ngoai (ehu quan va khaeh quan), trong do dieu kien chii quan gifr vai tro quan

trgng nhat

70

a Cliii (iiKin:

I Dang c g n g san Viet Nam da co qua Irinh ehuan bj ehu dao cho thSng Igi ciia

HOC each mang thang Tani suot 15 nam v6i ba euoe dien tap: 1930 193 1; 1936

-939 va 1-939 - 1945 Trong cao trao giai phong dan toe 1-939 - 1945, Dang Cong

kn Dong Dirong da lanh dao nhan dan ehuan bi day dii, ehu dao ve mat dirong Icii, irc lugng ehinh t r i lire lugng vu trang, can cir dia each mang va birac dau tap dirgt

cho quAn ehung khoi nghTa vu trang gianh ehinh quyen

Khi Phat xit Nhat bj Dong minh danh bai bgn Nhat a Dong Dirong hoang mang cue (Jp, mat het tinh than chien dau LiTe nay quan Dong minh ehua kip vao [)6ng Dirong Qua cao trao khang Nhat cTru nuoc, quan ehiing da ehuan bj sKn sang, ehi eha

l^nh khoi nghTa

h Khdch quan:

Thai ea "ngcin nam c6 mot" da den Thang 5/1945 Phat xit Due bi tieu diet,

ngay 14/8/1945 Phat xit Nhat bj Dong minh danh bai Ngay 15/8/1945 Nhat chinh

[hire dau hang Dong minh \ dieu kien

Nhir vay Caeh mang thang Tarn no ra trong dieu kien ehu quan, khach quan hoan toan chin muoi Do ehinh la thai ca "ngan nam c6 mot", v i no rat hiem va rkx

qui, neu bo qua thi se khong bao gia thai ca tra lai nfra Nhan thi'rc ro thai ca c6

mot khong hai nay Ho C h i M i n h da clii ro,"Day la thai co' ngan nam eo mot eho dan toe ta vung day Lan nay dii eo phai thieu ehay day Trirang Son eung quyet gianh doe hip eho dat nuoc"

2 Dien bien ciia C a e h mang thang T a m 1945

* Truae nhung chuyen bien man le cua tinh hinh Dang da tien hanh Hoi nghj toan quoe tir ngay 13 den ngay 15/8/1945 (tai Tan Trao - Tuyen Quang)

Hgi nghi quyet djnh phat dong Tong khoi nghTa gianh ehinh quyen trong ca nuoc

Thanh lap lap Uy ban khoi nghTa va ra Quan lenh so 1, keu ggi toan dan noi day Hgi

nghj con de ra ba nguyen tae ehi dao khdi nghTa: tap trung, thong nhat va kjp thai

* Hgi nghj toan quoe eiia Dang vira be mac Tong bg Viet M i n h trieu tap Quoe dan dai hgi Tan Trao - Tuyen Quang, trong 2 ngay 16 va 17/8/1945,

Tham dir Dai hgi co 60 dai bieu dai dien eho nhan dan ba mien: Bac Trung Nam, cho eac dan tgc, cae dang phai, eac ton giao duoi sir chii tri cua Ho Chi M i n h Dai hgi da bieu quyet tan thanh chiT trirong Tong khoi nghTa ciia Trung irong Dang -Dai hgi quyet djnh: Quoe ky la ca do sao vang, Quoe ca la bai Tien quan ca Dat ten nuoc la nuoc Viet Nam Dan chu Cgng hoa va cii- U y ban dan tgc giai phong Viet Nam do Ho Chi Minh diriig dau

-Dai hgi da quyet djnh nhung van de het sire quan trgng co lien quan den van menh ciia dat nuoe Chuan bj nhfrng cong viec cuoi eimg cho tong khoi nghTa

* H g i nghj toan quoe ciia Dang va Dai hgi Quoe dan Tan Trao da the hien sir

doan ket, nhat t r i quyet tam gianh doe lap tir do eiia loan Dang, toan dan ta

* Chieu 16/8, mot doi quan giai phong do dong ehi V 6 Nguyen Giap chi huy da til' Tan Trao tien ve giai phong Thj xa Thai Nguyen, ma dau cho tong khoi nghTa gianh chinh quyen trong toan quoe Tinh den ngay 18/8 da eo 4 tinh ly gianh dirge

chinh quyen: BSc Giang, Hai Duong Ha ITnh, Quang N a m

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