Tài liệu được thiết kế dưới dạng giáo án dạy mảng ngữ pháp Câu điều kiện Trang bị kiến thức chi tiết, cụ thể về các loại câu điều kiện, phục vụ cho việc dạy và học. Có bài tập thực hành, ví dụ sinh động, giúp người học nắm vững kiến thức
CHAPTER CONDITIONAL SENTENCES CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN Tiêu đề Nội dung I Các loại Type (câu điều kiện hiển nhiên) câu điều kiện CT: If + S+ V(HTĐ), S + V(HTĐ) If clause Main clause Eg If you heat the water, it boils If you are wrong, I am right Type (Câu điều kiện có khả xảy tương lai) real CT: If + S + V(HTĐ, HTHT, HTHTTD), S+ will/shall/can/may+ V Eg If I see her, I will give her a gift If you have finished your homework, you can go home Type (Câu điều kiện khả xảy tại, tương lai) unreal CT: If + S + V (QKĐ, QKTD), S+ would /could/should/might + V Eg If I were a superman, I would save the world If you were wearing a seatbelt, you might not be injured Type (Diễn tả điều kiện thật khứ, khả xảy ra) CT: If + S+ had + PII, S + would/ could/ should/ might +have+ PII Eg If I had seen you yesterday, I would have told you the truth Thời Ghi lượng 20’ Mỗi cấu trúc, gọi 2-3 sinh viên lấy ví dụ Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Diễn tả điều kiện thật khứ, để lại kết thật CT: If + S+ had + PII, S + would/ could/ should/ might + V Eg If I had taken the flight last week, I would die now Trường hợp đặc biệt Ta sử dụng câu mệnh lệnh câu điều kiện If + S + V(HTĐ), câu mệnh lệnh Eg If you feel hot, turn on the fan II Luyện tập Chia động từ ngoặc 5’ 10 câu III Các Unless /ənˈles/: Trừ khi/ không = If 20’ Game kiểm tra trường hợp not mức độ hiểu đặc biệt Eg If you don’t hurry, you will miss the sinh viên train trò chơi nhỏ Ở đây, Unless you hurry, you will miss the train sinh viên luyện tập Các cụm từ thay If mệnh đặt câu với cấu trúc đề điều kiện cho - In case: Phòng - So long as/ As long as/ Provied/ Providing: Miễn - Suppose/ Supposing: Giả sử - Even if: Cho dù Eg In case it rains, you should take an umbrella As long as you obey me, I will give you what I have Suppose you found a million dollars, what would you do? Cấu trúc khác a But for (Nếu không vì) But for + N/ V-ing, S+ would+ V/ S+ would + have + PII Eg But for your help, we would have died b If it weren’t for +N, S+ would + V (Nếu không vì) Eg If it weren’t been for his money, I would get him away c If it hadn’t been for, S+ would +have+ PII Eg If it hadn’t been for the rain, he could have gone out d Without + N, S +would + V Eg Without the air, we would die IV Luyên tập Bài tập viết lại câu 10’ Giúp sinh viên vận dụng cấu trúc học, sử dụng nhuyễn V Cấu trúc Câu điều kiện loại đảo câu - Thay If = Should điều kiện Eg If you hurry, you will catch the train Should you hurry, you will catch the train Câu điều kiện loại - TH1: Trong câu To be (were) Thay If= To be (were) đảo lên đầu câu Eg If I were you, I would buy a big car Were I you, I would buy a big car - TH2: Trong câu động từ thường 15’ nhuần CT: Were + S+ to V, S+ would/ could + V Eg If you saved money, you could buy many things Were you to save money, you could buy many things Câu điều kiện loại Thay If= Had đảo lên đầu câu Eg If you had come here, you would have seen them Had you come here, you would have seen them VI Luyện tập Viết lại câu 10’ câu Sinh viên viết lại câu theo cấu VII trúc đảo Ôn lại cấu trúc Luyện Bài tập tổng hợp 10’ tập chung học Bài tập trắc nghiệm giúp học viên luyện phản xạ nhanh gặp câu điều kiện Đặc biệt, dạng tập giúp học viên làm quen với dạng thi TOEIC Part (Incomplete sentences) PHỤ LỤC Luyện tập 1) If we meet at 9:30, we (to have) plenty of time 2) Lisa would find the milk if she (to look) in the fridge 3) The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (to feed) the animals 4) If you spoke louder, your classmates (to understand) you 5) Dan (to arrive) safe if he drove slowly 6) You (to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework 7) If you (to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold 8) The door will unlock if you (to press) the green button 9) If Mel (to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions 10) I (to call) the office if I was/were you Luyện tập 1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining (If) - 2/ I will call the police if you don’t give back my bicycle (Unless) - 3/ If Tuan hadn’t helped us, we would have lost this game (But for) - 4/ If we had more rain, our crops would be better ( Provided that) - 5/ If we hadn’t had more rain, our crops would get worse (If it hadn’t been for…) - Luyện tập 3: Viết lại câu theo cấu trúc đảo câu điều kiện 1/ If you go to Paris, where you will you stay? - 2/ If you don’t listen to me, you will be cheated by that ‘Lady killer’ - 3/ If I were/was tall enough, I would join the basketball team - 4/ If you spoke English naturally, they’d understand you - 5/ If she had seen the signal, she would have stopped her car - 6/ If he had come to see me yesterday, I would have taken him to the movies - Luyện tập chung I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house A hadn't B hadn't been C wouldn't be D wasn't If you had caught the bus, you _ late for work A wouldn't have been B would have been C wouldn’t be D would be If I _, I would express my feelings A were asked B would ask C had been asked D asked If _ as I told her, she would have succeeded A she has done B she had done C she does D she did Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary? A stole B have stolen C were to steal D steal You made a mistake by telling her a lie It _ better if you _ to her A would have been / hadn't lied B would be / didn't lie C will be / don't lie D would be / hadn't lied John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business A would invest B invested C had invested D invests She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _ her to A wouldn’t advise C hadn't advised B won't advise D didn't advise If the tree hadn't been so high, he _ it up to take his kite down A could have climbed B climb C is climbing D climbed 10 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down A climbed B could climb C is climbing 11 If I _ her phone number, I _ her last night D climb A had known / could have phoned B knew / would have phoned C know / can phone D knew / could phone 12 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him A tells B told C had told D would tell 13 If you press that button what _? A would happen B would have happened C will happen D happen 14 She says if she _ that the traffic lights were red she _ A had realized / would stop C has realized / stopped B realized / could have stopped D had realized / would have stopped 15 I am very thin I think, if I _ smoking, I might get fat A stop B had stopped C will stop D stopped 16 If I _ that yesterday, I _ them A had discovered / would inform B had discovered / would have informed C had discovered / could inform D discovered / can inform 17 If you _ to the course regularly, they a certificate last year A go / gave B go / give C had gone / would have given D went / would give 18 I think he is not at home If he _ in, he the phone A was / answered C were / would have answered B were / would answer D.had been / would have answered 19 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum A were B had been C have beenD would be 20 If Columbus _ money from Queen Isabella, he _ across the Atlantic A not receive / could not sail B had not received / might not have sailed C did not receive / might not have sailed D would not receive / might not sail 21 If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _ more good-looking A will be B would be C would have beenD can be 22 If your hair _ grey now, what you ? A went / would / B goes / would /do C had gone / would/do D had gone / would have / done 23 If you be someone, who you ? A could / would / have been B could / would / be C can / will / be D are able to / will / be 24 If I an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children A am B have been C were D had been 25 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business A would invest B invested C had invested D invests