English back to basics classroom and homework activities bookd

English: BackTo Basics (Yr 4/P 5) This master may only be reproduced by tile original purchaser for use witlltheir class(es) The Publislled by R.I.C Public ations· 2010 publisller prohibits the loaning or onselling of this Republislled under licenc e by Prim-Ed Publislling· 2010 master for the purposes of reproduction Copyrigll� Jenni Harrold 2010 ISBN 918-1-84654-246-6 Copyright Notice PR� 6314UK Blackline masters or copy masters are publislled and Titles available in th is ser ie s: English - Bltck To Bltsics (Yr liP Z) English - Bltck To Bltsics (y, VP 3) English - Blick To Bllsics (Yr 3/P 4) English - Blick To Bllsics (Yr 4/P 5) English -Blick To Bllsics (Yr SIP 6) English - Blick To Bllsics (Yr 6/P 7) English - Blick To Bllsics (Yr Ext/S I) sold with a limited copyriglll This copyright allows publishers to provide teachers and schools with a wide range of learning activities without copyright being breached This limited copyright allows the purchaser to make suHicient copies for use within their own education institution The copyright is not transferable, nor can it be onsold Following these instructions is not essential but will ensure that you, as the purchaser, have Bvidence of legal ownership to the copyright if inspection occurs For your added protection in the case of copyright inspection, please complete the form below Retain this form, tile complete original document and the invoice or receipt 8S proof of purchase Name of Purchllser: Ollte of Purchllse: Supplier: School Order' (if IIpplicable): Signatur9 of Purchaser: Internet websites In som9 cases, websites or specific URLs may be recommended While these are checked and rechecked at the lime of publication, the publish9r has no control over any subsequent changes which may be made to webpages.1t is slfong/Yrecommended thai the class teacher checks allURLs before allowing pupils 10 access them View all pages online Website: www.prim-ed.com Foreword English - Back To Basics is comprehensive resource designed to leach and revise basic literocy concepts Essential skills are covered in spelling and word study punctuation and grammar; with phonics included in Books Yr lIP 2, Yr 2jP and Yr 31P Ea eh of the pa es foeuses on one cept, which is developed throllQ h relevant, graded activities 11 Although intended liS 11 homework series, these books are also ideal for: • teaching a new concept • consolidation assessment • • revision English -Bltek To Basics - y, lIPZ Titles in the series are: Erlglish - Back To Basics - y,lIP English - Back To Basics - y,3/P English - Back To Basics - Yr4jP English - Back To Basics - y, SIP Yr6/P English - Back To Basics - Yr6 Ext/S English - Back To Basics - Contents T.ach.r not•• Overvlew Abbreviated words Curriculum links Double and silent consonants IV 28 29 Identifying correct spelling V Using a dictionary Spelling and vocabulary lists vi Spelling list- Word building vii G Iossary VIII - XII One or two words? Spelling rules vi 30-31 32-33 34-35 36-37 Punctuation Capitalletlers Additional word lists xii Vowel sounds Full stops xiii Commas Suffixes xvi Word origins XVII 40-41 42-43 44-45 Ouotation marks Exclamation marks xv 38 39 Ouestion marks Consonant sounds xiv Prefixes 46-47 48-49 Apostrophes for ownership Words commonly misspelt xviii -xx Editing Words easily confused or misused xxi -xxii Nouns Verbs Spelling - 4-5 Prefixes Suffixes 12-13 Synonyms Antonyms 16 17 18-19 Compound words www.prtm-ed.com 54-55 56 57 58 59 60-61 Conjunctions 62 63 Sentences Word usage 24-25 Review 26 27 Editing iii Direct and indirect speech 22-23 68 69 Sentences - Compound and complex 20 21 64 65 66 67 Prepositions Homophones and homographs PrIm-Ed PubllshlngC Adverbs Contractions Adjectives 14-15 52-53 Alphabetical order Syllables 10 11 Pronouns Verb tenses 50 51 Grammar Spelling -1 2-3 Base words Spelling end word tudy Plurals 70 71 72-73 74-75 76 77 78 79 80-81 English - Back To Basics Overview Teacher notes Format This series of books contains pupil and teacher pages focusing on skills in the following areas: - · - • spelling and word study • punctuation _._ -­ ­ - • grammar -­ - -­ • .- ­ -­ · · - phonics IBooks Yr liP 2, Vr 21P and Yr 3JP 41 F tures This series of books: • • • • • • provides activities on each page that relate to one literacy concept follows an organised format in which concepts are repeated and expanded across year levels uses II focal list of vocabulary has II pupil page supported by II corresponding teachers page ,.- _-­ -•• '- - - - has a teachers page that includes answers and detailed information explaining each concept provides additional reference information for teachers This series of books is ideal for: • • teaching a new concept consolidating and revising knowledge and skills • homework activities to revise ski1ls taught in class • assessment - -._ ,," - -� - Spelling and vocabulary There lire two different lists of words used in each book: • an age-appropriate spelling list of 4Dwords, and • II high-Iraq uency voe II bulary list Both lists are used frequently throughout each book in the BrellS of spelling and word sludy, punctuation and grammar Additional reference material This book includes: • a word-building table which shows the base word, plural torm, prefixes, suffixes, syllables, synonyms and antonyms • an extensive glossary ot terms used in spelling and word study, punctuation and grammar • vowel sounds and the different ways they are represented • consonant sounds and the different ways they are represented • spelling rules • prefixes, their meanings and examples • suffixes, their meanings and examples • word origins- Latin and Greek root words with their meanings and examples • words commonly misspelt • words easily confused or misused • prepositions and prepositional phrases • words that can be used as adjectives or adverbs English Back To Basics - ;, Pr1m-Ed Publishing- www.pr1m-ed.COO1 Curriculum links CountrylSubjec!J1.evel Er>gland Teacher notes Curriculum Objectives Word !rwelu•• end spIlling litaraev • • Vear Four use knowledge of phonic to speU new and unfamiliar word distinguish the 'pelling and meaning of common homophone T."t Structur and Organisation • u•• adverb and conjunction Sentence SlnIctu•• and Punctuation • Northern Ir.llnd Roc.pl".nlS to Language Language and liter.cy Key Stage Two • • • o Republic 01 Ireland identify word by reference to word part• prefixes and suffixe, Compel.on end Confidence in using Language • become lamiliar with the lune!ion 01 word.; og noun, erb, adjective adverb, pronoun, preposition learn 10 US" a wide, range of punctumion mart with greater accuracy learn 10 Mite with increasing grammatical accuracy improve command ol pelling RoceptivenHllo Language English o identifv word by relerence to word parts, prelixes and uffixes Camp.lenu and Confidence in Uling Langu"ge Third Cia o o o o Scotland become lami�ar with the function 01 word.; e,g noun verb, adjective adverb pronoun preposition learn to u,e a wider range of punctuation mart with greater accuracy learn to Mite with increa,ing grammatical accuracy improve command 01 spelling Firsl_ Re.ding literacy and Engli.h first and Second use comma and the apostrophe lor pon.nion o use knowledge 01 sight vocabulary phonics, punctuation and grammar to read with understanding and axpre"ion Firsl -Wriling o o spell the mo,t commonly-used word., using knowledge of letter patterns Mite independently, u,e appropriate punctuation and order and link sentence, in way that makes ense Second - R••ding o de velo p kn owl e dge of punctu;nion and gl�mmd[to [edd texts Socond_ Wriling o o Wale English Key Stage Two spell mo.t words I need to communicate, u.ing pelling rule, ",e appropriate pu nctuation R uding - Skill o develop phonic, graphic and grammatical knowledge and ward r.cognition develop understanding of tha structure, vocabulary, grammar and punctuation of English, and of how th.,e clarify meanmg o Writing_ Skill o o o o Prim-Ed PubllshlngC u," a range 01 sentence structure"linking them co herently u.e punctuation to clarify meaning choo.e and us appropriate vocabulary u,e th a standard form, 01 Eng li.h: noun., pronoun., adjectives, adverb., prepositioos, cO M "clive, and verb ten••, www.prtm-ed.com English Back To Basics - Word lists $pelllng Teacher notes lI.t almost busy early listen really already caught enough naughty station always computer every nOise strange angry country finish often surprise answer COUSin happen people thought arrive danger heard picture trouble beautiful different instead piece II bought during laugh quiet weather ntil Vocabulary lI.t above aulumn didn't goes near place started together without across before does gone never rig hi still told write almost began eighty half ninety round stopped tries year along below every high number second such turned also better fifty hundred only seventy summer until always between first "m opened show think used '"V both fo", inside other sixty thirty walked around can't found knew outside sometimes through while asked coming funny know spring today winter P'"' Spelling rules Write i before e, except after c Drop the final e to most words when adding a suffix beginning with a vowel For example: friend, believe, receive, receipt For example: use -tJsable make-making Some exceptions: foreign, either, science, weird, height, species Write ie after c for words with a shuhn sound Double the consonant when adding a suffix starting with a vowel (e.g, -ing) to: For example: sufficient, ancient, conscience, efficient • Write ei when the vowel sounds like an a For example: weigh, rein, reign, neighbour For words ending in y: • • • • retain the rwhen adding -ing, for example: crying, studying retain the rif it is preceded by a vowel, when adding s or a suffix; for example: employs, employer Exceptions include many words ending in I, where the is always doubled; for example: appal-appalling travel-travelling Some exceptions: dryness, shyness - a word of more than one syllable ending in a single consonant, preceded by a vowel ilthe stress is on the final syllable; for example: begin-beginning commit-committed When the stress is not on the final syllable, the single consonant remains; for example: develop-developing-developed change the rto iif it is preceded by a consonant, when adding a suffix; for example: cries, studies Eng/ish Back To Basics a word of one syllable ending in a single consonant, preceded by a vowel; for example: drip-dripping sit-sitting ,j Pr1m-Ed Publishing- www.pr1m-ed.COO1 Spelling list Wonl Plur.' - Word building PMff Su"'." Teacher notes SV,,,tH.· m Antonym almost most ai-most nearly already ready al-read-y beforehand always w.y al-ways forever never er, est, Iy '"",0 annoyed calm ed,ing able an-swer reply question ed,ing al sr-rive reach depart Iy beau-ti-ful pretty bought purchased sold bus-y active idle caught captured released angry anger answer answers un(-ablef arrive beautiful bought beauty boy busy caught computer er,est,ly ness catch compute computers com-pul-er countries coun-try COUSin cousins COUS-in danger dangers country " ,' nation DUS (tyl dall ge r peril safety Iy dif-fer ent unlike same dUf 1ng throughout ear-/y beforehand enough e-nough plenty every evle)-ry each ed, er,ing lin-ish ,"d ed,ing hap-pen occur heard listened in-stead alternatively able,ed,ing,ter laugh giggle ed, er,ing list-en hear er,est,ly,ness naugh-ty disobedient good er, est,ly nOise sound silence oft-en regularly seldom ed, er,ing peo-ple humans ed,ing pic-ture drawing ed, ing piece p," en,er,est,ly qui-et still real-Iy actually ed,ing sta-tion position er, est,ly strange weird ed,ing sur-prise amaze lul,lully thought idea ed, ing trou-ble problem different '" differ during early er, est, ness linish finishes un(·ed) happen heard hear "" instead laugh laughs listen naughty noise nOises often people picture pictures piece pieces "" quiet really real station stations strange surpnse thought trouble surprises think un(-ed) thoughts troubles un(-ed) until start ignored '0 noisy normal ease un-til weather PrIm-Ed PubllshlngC late un(-ed) www.prim·ed.com ed, ing vii weath-er English Back To Basics - Glossary _ Teacher notes ::;5 8111ng end word tu� Abbreviation Digraph Plural An abbreviation is II word written in shortened form A full stop may be used to show part of the word is missing However, if the last letter of the word is used, there is no full slop Two letters representing one phoneme Indicates more than one person or thing For example: th, sh, wh, er, ck, au Eponyms For example: two books three wishes four children For example: Mon for Monday Orfor Doctor Eponyms are words that come from a person's name or name of a place Prefix Acronym A word made up from the initial letters of II phrase For example: SIDS t�udden infant death !yndrome) radadradio detecting and ranging) For example: Jules Leotard Anders Celsius Earl of CardigBn Used at the beginning of a base word to change meaning For example: inedible, unconscious, iAegal, disobey Etymology The study of the origin and history 01 words Singular For example: annualfrom the Latin word annu, meaning 'year" For example: one book, a tBble, an apple Antonyms Grapheme Words that are opposite in meaning Used at the end of a base word The written representation of a sound For example: working, lonely, walked, editor (Note: If it is not pronounced as II word, it is an intialism; e.g LPG.) For example: hot/cold dark/light wet/dry The root word or main part of the word Prefixes and suffixes can be added to the base word For example: reading, misguided , carefully Compound word Two or more words joined together For example: pancake, teaspoon, underground Syl/able Words that are spelt the same but have different origins and meanings and are sometimes pronounced differently For example: cricket, wind For example: b, c, d, f g, h, i Contraction A shortened form of a word An apostrophe is used to replace the deleted letters For example: I'm, we're, they'I/, she'd, can't Derivative A word made from adding prefixes and suffixes to a base word For example: sloeping , unusual, happily English Back To Basics - A unit of sound which contains a vowel sound All words are made up of one or more syllables For example: talk, nerv-ous, in-de-pen-dent Synonyms Homophones Words that are similar in meaning Words that sound the same but are spelled differently For example: big/large smBll/tiny wot/damp For example: peace/piece threw/through bored/board Consonant Any letter of the alphabet that is not a vowel Suffix For example: ew, ing, th Homographs Base word Only one person or thing Thesaurus A reference book which groups words by meaning Morpheme The smallest unit of meaning For example: house/keepling Phoneme For example: promise-pledge, guarantee, engagement, commit, assure, secure The smallest unit of sound in a word that can be represented by one, two, three or four letters There are 44 phonemes in English Three letters representing one phoneme For example: to, shoe, through For example: high, fudge, pear Phonetics Vowel System of spelling words that represents sounds by symbols The five letters of the alphabet that are not consonants Trigraph These are: a, e, i, and u viii Pr1m-Ed Publishing- www.pr1m-ed.COO1 Conjunctions Conjunctions are words that join together other words, phrases and sentences w ::0 Q Write the preposition in each sentence (a) The dog was under the table (bl She is in her room (e) The cup is near the sink (d) The cat sits by the chair (e) The spider went up the wall IfI The glass fell off the table (g) She went into the garden (hI He climbed down the tree _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Underline the two nouns and circle the preposition in each sentence (a) The children are in the bedroom (b) Charlie was looking behind the sofa (e) Mum vacuumed through the house (d) The animals were kept outside the house (e) Mrs Rafter walked around the playground - Choose the correct preposition (a) Rose and Mia went for a swim in/into the pool They dived in/into the water (b) Josh walked in/into the living room His brother was already in/into the room (c) She waited by/for the phone The phone was by/on the table The call was for/on her (d) There was a competition between/among two pupils and another between/among the whole group (e) The two brothers had a fight between/among themselves Most fights were between/ among the whole family Write sentences using the nouns and prepositions given You will need to add a verb to each For example; The girl (noun) was siNing (verb) on (preposition) the chair lal boy, in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (b) book, underneath (c) plate, near _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Circle all the prepositions in this paragraph Write the total Grace and Alice waited for the bus They went to see a film Grace bought the tickets at the counter while Alice stood near the snack bar Both girls stood in line to buy an ice­ cream Theywalked through the main door and sat at their seats When the lights were dimmed, they watched the film The lady sitting behind kept talking during the beginning Thankfully, the man beside her told her to stop 69 English - Back To Basics Sentences Grammar TEACHER INFORMATION A srmtencB is II group 01 words that makes sense on its own It must have II finite verb ia verb with II subject), II capital letter althe start, and end with II full slop question mark or exclamation mark A simple sentence has one main idea and usually contains only one verb and one subjecl lt cannot be broken down into other clauses; e.g Mark (subject) threw (verb) the ball is an example of II simple sentence Answers The subject is underlined lind the verbs are in italics (a) Holly saton the chair ie) Dad drove his cllr to work (e) Dale scoredtwo goals (g) I read a boring book iii Pete lind Lee washedthe car (b) (d) (f) (h) (j) The d Q.g was sleeping outside The phone was ringing AuntyLily made II cake Thev walkedto school The huge plane flewoverthe capital city Answers will vary Examples include: (a) The talented cook often made tastyfried rice (b) The professionalteacher regularlytaught music (c) Dr Martin carefully stitched the large wound (d) She carefully parked her new car (e) The intelligent boys quicklyfinished their homework (a) question (b) statement (c) statement (d) command (e) statement (I) question • • • c Eng/ish - Back To Basics 70 Pr1m-Ed Publlshlnge www.pr1m·ed.COO1 Sentences A sentence is a group of words that makes sense on its own It needs to begin with a capital letter and end with a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark All sentences need a subject and a verb For example: The bird (subject) flew (verb) (a) Holly sat on the chair (bl The dog was sleeping outside fe) Dad drove his car to work (d) The phone was ringing (e) Dale scored two goals (f) (g) I read a boring book (hi They walked to school Ii) Pete and Lee washed the car Ii ) Aunty Lily made a cake The huge plane flew over the capital city A simple sentence usually has only one subject and one verb It can be a statement, question or command and adjectives and adverbs can be added ' Thewoman (subject) decorated (verb) her house.' is a simple sentence So is, 'The clever (adjective) woman decorated her new (adjective) house beautifu/ly (adverb).' w ::0 Q - A complex sentence is made up of two parts which both have a verb One part of a complex sentence is dependent on the other For example: 'Alice did not finish her homework before she went to bed' 'Alice did not finish her homework' is a simple sentence that makes sense on its own ' before she went to bed' is dependent on the first part of the sentence Write a complex sentence by adding a conjunction to each of these (a) The chocolate cake was horrible _ we used salt instead of sugar (b) My family watches films on Saturday (c) Max ate two pieces of toast we have eaten dinner _ I'm late (d) I walk to school every day (e) We are going to have a barbecue tonight invite the neighbours Write a complex sentence by adding a simple sentence to each of these unless it's quiet lal before I eat Ibl _ I'm not interrupted (f) I'm going to finish this work he was hungry lei or he will cry Idl after I finish Ie I if it's soggy If I so that she's warmer Write one compound and one complex sentence to describe something you enjoy doing 73 English - Back To Basics Direct and indirect speech Grammar Prim·Ed PublishingZ follows Quidalines for pun ctuation II nd gramma r as recommended by the Style manual for authors, editors and printers, sixth edition, 2002 Note, however, Ih at teachers should use their prele fred guidelines if the fe is II conflict Answers (a) 'I'm almost ready', Belle called (bl My cousin yelled, 'Be quiet please!' (c) Mum said, 'These flowers are II lovely surprise' (d) 'Have you finished your homework yet?' Dad asked (e) 'I really don't know the answer to that question', mumbled Blake (II 'I'm busy working lit the computer', replied Lily Sentences will vary Sentences will vary Sentences will vary • (8) Alice said she couldn't write II neatly liS I (bl Ricky whispered he thought he was in big trouble (c) The teacher asked us to please stop the noise (d) Molly asked if she could eat her lunch outside (e) Dad said he thought we would have a barbecue on Sunday • • c Eng/ish - Back To Basics 74 Pr1m-Ed Publlshlnge www.pr1m·ed.COO1 Direct and indirect speech When writing a sentence with direct speech, the exact words someone has spoken are put in quotation marks; 'for example: Sam asked, '00 you know what the time is?' When writing direct speech, use a comma to separate who is speaking from the words spoken and a capital letter to begin the spoken words w ::0 Q - (g) A joining word, like because (hI A word that shows how one thing is related to another, like under Decide if these sentences are simple, compound or complex (a) She wrote an interesting story (bl Morgan slowly walked to school (e) Charlie won't finish his homework unless it's quiet (d) Mum likes eating fish and Dad likes eating steak (e) The children work quietly while the teacher watches (f) My grandma made a chocolate cake (g) We watched two films on the weekend and ate ice-cream (h) Sienna enjoys playing netball and Rose enjoys basketball Write a sentence that is a: (a) statement _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (b) question (c) command _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Write two more interesting words that could be used to replace each of these lal got Ibl good (c) nice Idl like (e) went IfI Igi happy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 79 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ said Ihl big English - Back To Basics Editing Grammar Answers (8) Rileywalks to school and catches the bus home (b) I watched Oliver play football yesterday and he scored (c) Mum sliced II piece of cake and I ate illor lunch (d) The shark swimming in the ocean mighteal little fish II goal (8) Alice was going to the beach so she took her towel (b) Corey played guitar and we liked listening to him (c) I sent II texl message to Emma and she replied (d) I don't know if thai ball is mine or yours (a) Dale can run much faster than I can (b) Tessa is the shortest person in our class (c) I always choose the bananas that are the ripest (d) A leather is much lighter than lin exercise book (a) Mum told me she was going to be late home from work (b) I asked my sister, 'What you think we should for Dad's birthday?' (c) I was surprised when Jake told me he had finished his work (d) 'I'm not sure about this answer', Trent said I told him itwas right • (a) She and I are eating lunch together (b) He didn't anything to bother her (c) They were about to leave when Dad asked, 'When will you be home?' (d) Amber thinks Lily and I don't want to play with her • • c Eng/ish - Back To Basics 80 Pr1m-Ed Publlshlnge www.pr1m-ed.COO1 Editing Circle the verb written in the wrong tense Rewrite it correctly lal Riley walks to school and caught the bus home Ibl I watched Oliver play football yesterday and he scoring a goal Icl Mum sliced a piece of cake and I eating it for lunch Idl The shark swimming in the ocean might ate little fish Circle the incorrect pronoun in each sentence and rewrite it correctly lal Alice was going to the beach so he took her towel Ibl Corey played guitar and we liked listening to them Icl I sent a text message to Emma and you replied w ::0 Q - Circle the incorrect adjective in each sentence and rewrite it correctly lal Dale can run much fastest than I can Ibl Tessa is the shorter person in our class Icl I always choose the bananas that are the riper Idl A feather is much lightest than an exercise book Add or delete the quotation marks so each sentence is correct lal Mum told me 'she was going to be late home from work' Ibl I asked my sister, What you think we should for Dad's birthday? Icl I was surprised when Jake told me 'he had finished his work' Idl I'm not sure aboutthis answer, Trent said I told him 'it was right: Each of these sentences have errors Rewrite them correctly (a) She and me are eating lunch together (b) He didn't nothing to bother her (c) They were about to leave when Dad asked, When will you be home? (d) Amber thinks Lily and me don't want to play with him 61 English - Back To Basics