Lý thuyết và bài tập thực hành về sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ trong tiếng Anh. Có đáp án kèm theo, được chia làm 2 phần: for student và for teacher. Phù hợp cho học sinh ôn thi tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông và ôn thi tuyển sinh đại học cao đẳng
Trang 1For the students SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
I.Trong câu khẳng định hoặc phủ định CHỦ NGỮ luôn đứngTRƯỚC ĐỘNG TỪ
Chủ ngữ số ít > động từ chia ở dạng số ít
Chủ ngữ số nhiều > động từ chia ở dạng số nhiều
1 The secretary ……… to work at 8 a.m every day.
2 The secretaries ……… to work at 8 a.m every day.
II Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N1 (noun).
N1 (or Pronoun 1) + along with + N2 (pronoun 2) + V
………
with
as well as
of / in (giới từ)
1 Mr Brown, along with his wife and six children, ……… going to Paris.
2 Mrs Pike with her children ……… coming to the party tonight.
3 My parents as well as my brother ……… watching TV.
4 The picture of the pupils ……… back many memories.
5 The effects of smoking ……… very harmful.
III Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N2 (noun).
Either + N1 (Pronoun 1) + or + N2 (pronoun 2) + V +
………
1 Neither Tom nor his parents ……… at home yesterday morning.
2 Either you or I ……… wrong.
3 Not only David but also his friends ……… playing football.
VI Động từ luôn chia ở dạng số nhiều khi chủ ngữ là các cụm từ sau :
N1 (pronoun 1) + and + N2 (pronoun 2)+ V (số nhiều)
………
Both of + Pl N (pronoun) + V (số nhiều)
………
1 Mrs Brown and her daughter ……… flying to Paris tomorrow.
2 Both of her brothers ……… in the sugar factory.
Trang 2VII Động từ luôn chia ở dạng số ít khi chủ ngữ là các cụm từ sau :
Every + N +V (số ít)
………
Each of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) Either of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) V-ING + V (số ít) V-ING phrase +V (số ít)
1 Everything ……… all right.
2 Each of you ……… a textbook.
3 Either of the books I bought yesterday ……… very interesting.
4 Swimming ……… very useful to our health.
VIII Động từ ở dạng số ít khi chủ ngữ là các từ:
News, physics, mathematics, economics, politics, mumps, measles, statistics, the United Nations, the United States …
1 There ……… very interesting news on TV last night.
2 Mathematics ……… to interest him.
IX Khi ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ (Relative pronouns) WHO, WHICH, THAT làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia ở dạng số ít hoặc số nhiều phụ thuộc vào tiền vị tự.
1 The students who ……… to class every day generally progress rapidly.
2 The student who ……… to class every day generally progresses rapidly.
X Khi chủ ngữ là cụm từ A NUMBER OF / THE NUMBER OF:
A number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số nhiều) The number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số ít)
1 A large number of people ……… to the meeting
2 The number of students attending universities ……… increasing
XI Khi chủ ngữ là mệnh đề đ ộng từ ở dạng số ít
What you've told me is interesting.
XII More than one + Noun (số ít) + V (số ít)
More than one person has known the news.
XIII Many a + Noun (số ít) V (số ít)
Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.
XIV Khi chủ ngữ là cụm từ chỉ một số tiền, một khoảng thời gian, một quãng đường động từ ở dạng SỐ ÍT
A thousand dollars is a large sum of money
Twenty years is a long period of time
Fifty miles is not a short distance
-o0o -PRACTICE
Trang 3Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct simple present tense.
1 Most of the people here ………… each other (know)
2 Some of my friends ………… abroad (live)
3 Children ……… ice- cream (like)
4 All of us ………… he is wrong (think)
5 Marie ………… a red car (have)
6 Fax machines ……… written messages (transmit)
7 Experience ………… talent (develop)
8 Having time to paint often ………… having a good time.(mean)
9 That he has angered the boss ……… the workers (please)
10 Trusting people ……… faith (require)
11 Both of these oranges ………… bad (be)
12 None of us ……… French (speak)
13 Every one of the children ………… crying (be)
14 Not one of my shirts ………… clean (be)
15 Everything I like ………… not available in the shops (be)
16 I find that everywhere ………… booked up (be)
17 Two hours ………… not enough to finish this (be)
18 John, along with twenty friends, ……… planning a party (be)
19 The quality of these recordings ……… not very good (be)
20 If the duties of the officer ……… not reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project (be)
21 Advertisements on television ……… becoming more competitive than before (be)
22 The television news ……… at ten o'clock (be)
23 Physics ………… to interest Mary (seem)
24 Neither Bill nor his friends ………… going to the play tonight (be)
25 Anything ………… better than going to another movie tonight.(be)
26 Everybody who ……… a fever must go home immediately (have)
27 None of the officers ……… allowed to have guns (be)
28 One of our jobs ………… to help prevent crime (be)
29 Either John or his wife ……… breakfast each morning (make)
30 The number of students who ……… (have) withdrawn from this quarter ……… (be) appalling.
Exercise 2: Choose the answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.
1 Neither Tom nor I ……… mathematics We prefer English.
2 No news ……… good news.
3 The effects of smoking ……… very harmful.
4 The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, ……… sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday.
5 Ten thousand dollars ……… a large sum of money.
6 Not only Mrs Brown's friends but also her husband ………… at her strange behaviour since last week.
A wonders B have wondered C has wondered D wonder
7 I as well as my brother ……… to our hometown for ten years.
A does not return B do not return C has not returned D have not returned
8 Either you or I ……… John up when he ……… tomorrow.
A have picked / will arrive B am going to pick / arrives
Trang 4C are going to pick / arrives D picked / arrived
9 The bottles of wine ……… on the shelf.
10 Doing mathematic puzzles ……… very interesting to me
11 The pair of shoes which he wore at the party last week ……… new.
12 We, along with Tim, ……… to go to London this summer.
A have just decided B has just decided C decides D is deciding
13 We have just learnt statistics, ……… a subject of collection of information shown in numbers.
A which are B which is C that have been D have been
14 These are Tom's sisters who ……… in London.
15 If the duties of this officer ……… reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project.
16 My parents as well as my brother ……… watching TV.
17 The picture of the pupils ……… back many memories.
A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing
18 Either you or I ……… wrong.
19 Not only David but also his friends ……… playing football.
20 Everything ……… all right.
21 Each of you ……… a textbook.
22 Either of the books I bought yesterday ……… very interesting.
23 There ……… very interesting news on TV last night.
24 Mathematics ……… to interest him.
25 The student who ……… to class every day generally progresses rapidly.
26 Working for 12 hours a day ……… her very tired.
27 Both Mary and Daisy, as well as John, ……… ready for the exam tomorrow.
28 Either you or Tom ……… to write the report.
C A and B are correct D A and B are incorrect
29 Mary's brothers ……… for a construction company.
30 Knowing your skills and your strengths ……… an important part of the job search process.
Trang 5For the teacher SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
I.Trong câu khẳng định hoặc phủ định CHỦ NGỮ luôn đứngTRƯỚC ĐỘNG TỪ
Chủ ngữ số ít > động từ chia ở dạng số ít
Chủ ngữ số nhiều > động từ chia ở dạng số nhiều
1 The secretary ……… to work at 8 a.m every day.
2 The secretaries ……… to work at 8 a.m every day.
II Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N1 (noun).
N1 (or Pronoun 1) + along with + N2 (pronoun 2) + V
………
with
as well as
of / in (giới từ)
1 Mr Brown, along with his wife and six children, ……… going to Paris.
2 Mrs Pike with her children ……… coming to the party tonight.
3 My parents as well as my brother ……… watching TV.
4 The picture of the pupils ……… back many memories.
5 The effects of smoking ……… very harmful.
III Khi cụm từ sau làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia theo N2 (noun).
Either + N1 (Pronoun 1) + or + N2 (pronoun 2) + V +
………
1 Neither Tom nor his parents ……… at home yesterday morning.
2 Either you or I ……… wrong.
3 Not only David but also his friends ……… playing football.
A enjoy B enjoys C has enjoyed D to enjoy
VI Động từ luôn chia ở dạng số nhiều khi chủ ngữ là các cụm từ sau :
N1 (pronoun 1) + and + N2 (pronoun 2)+ V (số nhiều)
………
Both of + Pl N (pronoun) + V (số nhiều)
………
1 Mrs Brown and her daughter ……… flying to Paris tomorrow.
Trang 6A was B is C are D were
2 Both of her brothers ……… in the sugar factory.
VII Động từ luôn chia ở dạng số ít khi chủ ngữ là các cụm từ sau :
Every + N +V (số ít)
………
Each of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) Either of + N (Pronoun) +V (số ít) V-ING + V (số ít) V-ING phrase +V (số ít)
1 Everything ……… all right.
2 Each of you ……… a textbook.
3 Either of the books I bought yesterday ……… very interesting.
4 Swimming ……… very useful to our health.
VIII Động từ ở dạng số ít khi chủ ngữ là các từ:
News, physics, mathematics, economics, politics, mumps, measles, statistics, the United Nations, the United States …
1 There ……… very interesting news on TV last night.
2 Mathematics ……… to interest him.
IX Khi ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ (Relative pronouns) WHO, WHICH, THAT làm chủ ngữ, động từ chia ở dạng số ít hoặc số nhiều phụ thuộc vào tiền vị tự.
1 The students who ……… to class every day generally progress rapidly.
2 The student who ……… to class every day generally progresses rapidly.
X Khi chủ ngữ là cụm từ A NUMBER OF / THE NUMBER OF:
A number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số nhiều) The number of + Noun (số nhiều) + V(số ít)
1 A large number of people ……… to the meeting
2 The number of students attending universities ……… increasing
XI Khi chủ ngữ là mệnh đề đ ộng từ ở dạng số ít
What you've told me is interesting.
XII More than one + Noun (số ít) + V (số ít)
More than one person has known the news.
XIII Many a + Noun (số ít) V (số ít)
Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.
XIV Khi chủ ngữ là cụm từ chỉ một số tiền, một khoảng thời gian, một quãng đường động từ ở dạng SỐ ÍT
A thousand dollars is a large sum of money.
Twenty years is a long period of time.
Fifty miles is not a short distance.
-o0o -PRACTICE
Trang 7Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct simple present tense.
1 Most of the people here ………… each other (know) (know)
3 Children ……… ice- cream (like)
4 All of us ………… he is wrong (think)
6 Fax machines ……… written messages (transmit)
8 Having time to paint often ………… having a good time.(mean) (means)
9 That he has angered the boss ……… the workers (please) (pleases)
10 Trusting people ……… faith (require) (requires)
11 Both of these oranges ………… bad (be) (are)
13 Every one of the children ………… crying (be) (is)
14 Not one of my shirts ………… clean (be) (is)
15 Everything I like ………… not available in the shops (be) (is)
16 I find that everywhere ………… booked up (be) (is)
17 Two hours ………… not enough to finish this (be) (is)
18 John, along with twenty friends, ……… planning a party (be) (is)
19 The quality of these recordings ……… not very good (be) (is)
20 If the duties of the officer … not reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project (be) (are)
21 Advertisements on television ……… becoming more competitive than before (be) (are)
22 The television news ……… at ten o'clock (be) (is)
23 Physics ………… to interest Mary (seem) (seems)
24 Neither Bill nor his friends ………… going to the play tonight (be) (are)
25 Anything ………… better than going to another movie tonight.(be) (is)
26 Everybody who ……… a fever must go home immediately (have) (has)
27 None of the officers ……… allowed to have guns (be) (is)
28 One of our jobs ………… to help prevent crime (be) (is)
29 Either John or his wife ……… breakfast each morning (make) (makes)
30 The number of students who …… (have) withdrawn from this quarter …… (be) appalling (have/is) Exercise 2: Choose the answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence.
1 Neither Tom nor I ……… mathematics We prefer English.
2 No news ……… good news.
3 The effects of smoking ……… very harmful.
4 The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, ……… sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday.
5 Ten thousand dollars ……… a large sum of money.
6 Not only Mrs Brown's friends but also her husband ………… at her strange behaviour since last week.
A wonders B have wondered C has wondered D wonder
7 I as well as my brother ……… to our hometown for ten years.
A does not return B do not return C has not returned D have not returned
8 Either you or I ……… John up when he ……… tomorrow.
Trang 8A have picked / will arrive B am going to pick / arrives
C are going to pick / arrives D picked / arrived
9 The bottles of wine ……… on the shelf.
10 Doing mathematic puzzles ……… very interesting to me
11 The pair of shoes which he wore at the party last week ……… new.
12 We, along with Tim, ……… to go to London this summer.
A have just decided B has just decided C decides D is deciding
13 We have just learnt statistics, ……… a subject of collection of information shown in numbers.
A which are B which is C that have been D have been
14 These are Tom's sisters who ……… in London.
15 If the duties of this officer ……… reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project.
16 My parents as well as my brother ……… watching TV.
17 The picture of the pupils ……… back many memories.
A bring B brings C have brought D are bringing
18 Either you or I ……… wrong.
19 Not only David but also his friends ……… playing football.
20 Everything ……… all right.
21 Each of you ……… a textbook.
22 Either of the books I bought yesterday ……… very interesting.
23 There ……… very interesting news on TV last night.
24 Mathematics ……… to interest him.
25 The student who ……… to class every day generally progresses rapidly.
26 Working for 12 hours a day ……… her very tired.
27 Both Mary and Daisy, as well as John, ……… ready for the exam tomorrow.
28 Either you or Tom ……… to write the report.
C A and B are correct D A and B are incorrect
29 Mary's brothers ……… for a construction company.
30 Knowing your skills and your strengths ……… an important part of the job search process.
Trang 9For the students TENSES
MỘT SỐ DẤU HIỆU DÙNG THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ
1 Thì quá khứ đơn thường dùng với các cụm từ cấu trúc sau:
yesterday
yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)
last night (week, month, year…)
a week ago, 2 years ago …
in 1990
S + would (could/might) + V ……… if + S + V (Past simple) ………
- Dùng trong câu ước hiện tại:
S + wish + S + V (Past simple) ………
2 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành thường dùng với các cụm từ cấu trúc sau:
already
yet
just, recently…
so far, up to now, to date
since + điểm thời gian ( since last week, since 1990)
Subject + Verb (Present perfect) ……… since + Subject + Verb (Past simple) ……… During (for, in) + the last (the past) + số lượng thời gian (for the two last weeks)
a She ……… the film yet.
A hasn't seen B hadn't seen C will not have seen D doesn't see
b He is a writer Up to now he ……… 10 novels.
c My friend ……… here since 1985.
d It ……… for the last five days.
3 Thì quá khứ hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về:
- Hành động xảy ra trước, hoàn thành xong trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.
- Hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian xác định trong quá khứ.
-Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3:
S + would (could …) have + P.P ………, if + S + V (Past perfect) ………
- Dùng trong câu ước quá khứ: S + wish + S + V (Past perfect) ………
- Dùng trong cấu trúc: S + V (Past perfect) ……… by the time + S + V(Past simple)
………
a We didn't meet Tom because he ……… when we got there.
b He ……… his work before 5 p.m yesterday.
c If we ……… to the cinema earlier, we wouldn't have missed the start of the film.
d He wishes he ……… his holidays last year.
e They ……… by the time we came.
A had finished working B finish their work
4 Thì tương lai hoàn thành thường dùng để nói về:
- Hành động xảy ra trước, hoàn thành xong trước một hành động khác trong tương lai.
- Hành động xảy ra trước một điểm thời gian xác định trong tương lai.
- Dùng trong cấu trúc:
S + V (future perfect) ……… by the time + S + V(Present simple)
………
Trang 10by the time (by + điểm thời gian)
a She ……… high school before I arrive in London next year.
b We ……… our report before 5 p.m tomorrow.
A has finished B had finished C will have finished D finish
c Her father ……… in this company for 10 years by the end of the year.
A works B have worked C has worked D will have worked
d By the time you receive this letter, I ……… for Japan.
A has left B had left C will have left D leave
NOTES: Không dùng thì tương lai trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian.
Subject + Verb +……… when + Subject + Verb (không dùng thì tương lai) ………
whenever before after since
as / as soon as while
till / until just as
by the time
no sooner ……… than
1 Wait here until I ……… you.
2 What will you do when you ……… school?
A will have leftB will leave C are going to leave D leave
3 By the time you ……… this book, your meal will get cold.
4 I'm going to stay here till my brother ……… his exams.
A will have finished B will finish C is finishing D have finished
5 He said he would give me a ring as soon as he ……… Paris.
-o0o -PRACTICE Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense forms.
1 My uncle (leave) the country before the war (begin)
2 If it (rain) tomorrow, we won't go camping