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a In The Landlord’s Game, you can only rent

the properties, but in Monopoly you may buy

them

b The Landlord’s Game illustrates the

inequality of the landlord/tenant system,

while Monopoly encourages players to become

landlords and become wealthy at the expense

of others

c The Landlord’s Game teaches the problems

of capitalism and Monopoly teaches the

value of money

d The Landlord’s Game was a way for Quakers

to understand the economic theories of

Henry George, and Monopoly explains the

evolutionary theories of Charles Darrow

e In The Landlord’s Game, players try to land

on as many rail- roads and utilities as

possible, but in Monopoly they try to avoid

them

35.In line 38, what does swallowed Darrow’s prevarication

mean?

a ate his lunch

b believed his lie

c understood his problem

d played by his rules

e drank his champagne

36.In line 28, the statement that the rules of

The Landlord’s Game were explained and

transmuted relies on the notion that

a when people pass along information by

word of mouth, it goes through changes

b when people explain things to their

friends, they take on a different

appearance

c friends rely on one another for vital information

d it’s not always easy to play by the rules

e word of mouth is the best way to spread

information

37.In paragraph 4, the author implies that

a Parker Brothers bought the game from Charles

Darrow

b it is not difficult to get a patent for an idea you didn’t invent

c Monopoly made Parker Brothers and

Darrow millions of dollars

d Lizzie Magie tried to sell her game to George Parker

e The Landlord’s Game was popular with Quakers

18

38.Why did Mrs Phillips sell her patent to Parker

Brothers?

a So a large company would market her

game and spread the word about Henry George’s single tax theory

b So she could make money

c So The Landlord’s Game could compete with

Monopoly

d So the truth would be told about Charles Darrow

e So she would become famous

39.All of the following questions can be

explicitly answered on the basis of the

passage EXCEPT

a Why did Lizzie Magie invent The Landlord’s Game?

b Was was the object of The Landlord’s Game?

c What were some of the properties on The

Landlord’s Game board?

d Who did Charles Darrow sell the game to?

e How did Parker Brothers find out that

Charles Darrow didn’t invent the game?

Questions 41–47 are based on the following

passage.

The following selection is adapted from a news story

about a bill recently introduced in Congress.

(1)

(5)

(10)

(15)

(20)

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cans’ consumption of restaurant and take-out food has doubled The result, according to many health watchdog groups, is an increase in overweight and obesity Almost 60 million Americans are obese, costing $117 billion each year in health care and related costs Members

of Congress have decided they need to do something about the obesity epidemic A bill was recently intro- duced in the House that would require restaurants with twenty or more locations to list the nutritional content of their food on their menus A Senate version of the bill

is expected in the near future

Our legislators point to the trend of restaurants’ marketing larger meals at attractive prices People order these meals believing that they are getting a great value, but what they are also getting could be, in one meal, more than the daily recommended allowances of calories, fat, and sodium The question is, would people stop “supersizing,” or make other healthier choices if they knew the nutritional content of the food they’re ordering? Lawmakers think they would, and the grav- ity of the obesity problem has caused them to act to change menus

The Menu Education and Labeling, or MEAL, Act, would result in menus that look like the nutrition facts panels found on food in super-markets Those panels are required by the 1990 Nutrition Labeling

(30)

(35)

(40)

(45)

(50)

and Education Act, which exempted restaurants The new restaurant menus would list calories, fat, and sodium on printed menus, and calo- ries on menu boards, for all items that are offered on a regular basis (daily specials don’t apply) But isn’t this simply asking restaurants to state the obvious? Who isn’t aware that an order of supersize fries isn’t health food? Does anyone order a double cheeseburger thinking they’re being virtuous?

Studies have shown that it’s not that simple In one, registered dieti- cians couldn’t come up with accurate estimates of the calories found in certain fast foods Who would have guessed that a milk shake, which sounds pretty healthy (it does contain milk, after all) has more calories than three McDonald’s cheeseburgers? Or that one chain’s chicken breast sandwich, another better-sounding alternative to a burger, con- tains more than half a day’s calories and twice the recommended daily amount of sodium? Even a fast-food coffee drink, without a doughnut to go with it, has almost half the calories needed in a day

The restaurant industry isn’t happy about the new bill Arguments against it include the fact that diet alone is not the reason for America’s obesity epidemic A lack of adequate exercise is also to blame In addi- tion, many fast food chains already post nutritional information on their websites, or on posters located in their restaurants

Those who favor the MEAL Act, and similar legislation, say in response that we must do all

we can to help people maintain a healthy weight While the importance of exercise is undeniable, the quantity and quality of what we eat must be changed They believe that if we want consumers to make better choices when they eat out, nutritional information must be provided where they are selecting their food Restaurant patrons are not likely to have memorized the calorie counts they may have looked up on the Internet, nor are they going to leave their

a

b

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ne, to check out a poster that might be on the

oppo- site side of the restaurant

41.The purpose of the passage is to

a targue the restaurant industry’s side of the debate explain wh

b

y dieticians have trouble estimating the nutritional content of fast food

c help consumers make better choices when dining out

d explain one way legislators propose to deal with the obesity epi- demic

e argue for the right of consumers to understand what they are ordering in fast food restaurants

20

42.According to the passage, the larger meals

now being offered in restaurants

a cost less than smaller meals

b add an extra side dish not offered with smaller meals

c include a larger drink

d save consumers money

e contain too many calories, fat, and sodium

43.In lines 15–16, the word gravity most nearly means

a the force of attraction toward earth

b a cemetery plot

c seriousness

d jealousy

e presumption of wrongdoing

44.According to the passage, why is the restaurant

industry against the new Congressional bill?

a They don’t want any healthy items on their menus

b Because lack of adequate exercise is also

responsible for the obesity epidemic

c They don’t want to be sued if they

incorrectly calculate the calories in their

menu items

d They feel their industry is already over-regulated

e Because people would stop coming to their

establishments if they knew what was in the

food

45.Why is the chicken breast sandwich mentioned in

paragraph 4?

a It is an example of a menu item that

contains more fat than one would assume

b It is the only healthy choice on some restaurants’ menus

c It has twice as much salt as the recommended daily allowance

d It has as many calories as three McDonald’s

hamburgers

e It is a typical selection in a Value Meal

46.The passage explains that those in favor of

the MEAL Act want nutritional information

placed

a anywhere the consumer can make a menu selection

b in print advertisements.

c on websites

d on toll-free hotlines

e on posters with print large enough to read from any position in the restaurant

21

47.If the MEAL Act is passed, consumers would see

a menus that tell them how to select the

healthiest complete meal

b menus that look like nutritional labels on packaged food

c restaurants with more extensive information on their websites

d less television advertising of fast food restaurants

e restaurants that serve healthier food choices

Answers

1 c The answer may be found in lines 4 and 5,

which state that Rus- sell wanted an

alternative to ftis scratcfted and warped

pftonograpft records You may infer that the

problem with such records was their poor

sound quality

2 e Lines 26–27 state that the detector’s

function is to convert data collected by the

laser into music

3 b While the paragraph explains the function of

semiconductor lasers in reading the

information on CDs, it does not say any-

thing about why they were invented

4 a Evidence may be found in lines 23–24,

which state that today’s models are quirkier

and less perfect than the supermodels

5 c A resumé is literally the summary of one’s

job experience, edu- cation, and skills The

author is saying that there is nothing one

can say about these models except that they

look great; their figurative resumé has only

one item on it Being great-looking isn’t work

experience (choice a), one would not literally

list “great-looking” alone on a resume

(choices b and d), and patftos is a feeling of

pity or sorrow (choice e)

6. e To wax means to become, and rftapsodic

means excessively enthusiastic Although

rhapsodic can also mean like a musical

composition of irregular form, this definition does not fit with the rest of the sentence

7 e Lines 5–7 mention calculators (adding

machines), computers, card punches, and manuals The only item not mentioned is kitchen scales

8 c A sneer is a facial expression that signals

contempt or scorn Accountants and

bookkeepers didn’t like the comptometer, because as lines 13–14 explain, it performed their job faster than they could

9 b The Museum has a collection of

computer-related magazines, manuals, and books (line 7) They would not contain

informa-22

tion on the inventor of the telephone (choice

a), other museums in California (choice c),

the profession of comptometer opera- tion

(choice d), or why video games are harmful

(choice e)

Since IBM played, and continues to play, an

important role in the development of

computers and computer-related

technol-ogy, it could most likely be researched at

the Museum

10 d Lines 4–5 explain that there was a social

component to a trip to the marketplace To

be social means to be around others, sug-

gesting that people sought out interaction

with one another

11. c The prefix ante- means earlier, as does

pre- Additional context clues may be found

in the first paragraph, which explains the

similarities between historical marketplaces

(those of long ago), and the malls of today,

and in line 6, which states the mall is a

descendant of the marketplace

12 a This information is not given in the passage.

13 b The answer is in lines 27–29: It was

constructed according to a uni- fied plan,

ratfter tftan as a random group of stores

Nicftols’ company owned and operated tfte

mall, leasing space to a variety of tenants.

14 e Lines 31–34 explain that Gruen took the

shopping mall to the next level by intending

it to take the place of a city center, with

leisure and entertainment opportunities as well

as shopping and dining

15 b All of the other choices are mentioned in lines 46–

48

16 a Lines 36–38 list some of Southdale’s

offerings, such as shops, restaurants, a

school, a post office, a skating rink, works

of art, and fountains These are also

available in a city, and may be considered

among the pleasures of urban life

17 e All of the other choices were mentioned in

the last two para- graphs as positive impacts

of megamalls However it is unlikely that a mall in Minnesota would be in direct

competition for vis- itors with a Mall located

on the other side of the world

18 a Salad is the best choice, because (lines 4–

7) at the time, Ameri- cans were beginning to eat healthier foods, such as vegetables

19 e Lines 33 and 34 explain that he skipped

the fermentation process, which means that the fish was fresh, or raw If you answered choice b, check back to the passage There

is no rea- son to believe that sushi with fermented rice was not being con- sumed in Edo before Yohei’s innovation If you

answered choice d, note that the passage does not indicate when, or with whom,

wasabi began being used as a condiment with nigiri zusfti.

20. c It states in lines 42 and 43 that ama ebi is

raw shrimp, and sftime saba is marinated mackerel You can infer that ebi means

shrimp,

23

because “raw” is not one of your choices You

can also infer that sftime means marinated,

because mackerel is not one of your choices

Therefore, sftime ebi means marinated shrimp.

21 d Nowhere in the passage does the author

mention a preference for either type of

sushi The answer to choice a may be found

in lines 36 and 37 Choice b is found in lines 10–13, choice c is answered by lines 46–51, and choice e is answered by

lines 26–29

22 a It is noted in lines 15 and 16 that sushi

consumption in America is 40% higher than

it was in the late 1990s (five years ago) While the other answers might be true, they are not described in the passage

23 b Unpalatable may be defined as not

agreeable to taste; from the Latin palatum,

which refers to the roof of the mouth You

know the word palate as the roof of the

mouth, so unpalatable most likely has to do with the sense of taste The biggest clue to the definition comes in line 24, which states

that Americans have decided, tftis

once-scorned food is truly delicious.

24 d It is mentioned in lines 25–26 that sushi

was developed for the purpose of

preserving fish Line 29 clearly states that pickling, which takes place at the end of the sushi-making process, is a means of

preserving

25. d The nori is typically on the outside of the

roll, surrounding the rice (lines 46 and 47) If the rice is wrapped around the seaweed, the inside (rice) is now on the outside In

addition, you could use the process of

elimination, as none of the other choices make sense

26 c The author does not have a bite to his

argument, as required by satire, cynicism, and sarcasm He is also not speaking to two