GV Lương Nguyễn – 01246800244 CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN CÁC DẠNG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN Mệnh đề IF Trái Tương lai (có thể xảy tương lai) Hiện đơn Trái Hiện (to be were) Trái Quá khứ Ví dụ: Mệnh đề Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ hoàn thành will S + shall + V0 can would S + should + V0 could might would S + should + have + V3/ed could might • If she loves me, I will marry her tomorrow • If she were beautiful, I would marry her today • If she had loved me, I would have married her last year • If you heat water to 1000C, it boils (nếu bạn đun nước đến 1000C sôi) • If I were you, I would kill Lan (lời khuyên, lời cảnh báo) you should kill Lan • If I had bought lotery yesterday, I would have won it I would win it now I will win it tomorrow BIẾN ĐỔI SANG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN • Biến đổi câu tìm lý If trái lý A because B Because A, B A so B A and B A that’s why B Ví dụ: He learns lazily so he fails the test If he didn’t learn lazily, he would not fail the test He hated me because I didn’t help him If I had helped him, he would not have hated me • A câu mệnh lệnh, B tương lai đổi sang If, mặc định A You không lùi A or B giữ A, đảo B * Go out or I will kill you If you go out, I won’t kill you A and B giữ nguyên A B * Don’t cry and I’ll give you a kiss If you don’t cry, I’ll give you a kiss • Biến đổi câu: IF Khẳng định UNLESS = If … not Phủ định Khi mệnh đề If phủ định, chuyển qua Unless mệnh đề giữ nguyên * If he didn’t help me, I would die Unless he helped me, I would die GV Lương Nguyễn – 01246800244 Khi mệnh đề If khẳng định, chuyển qua Unless đảo mệnh đề * If he had helped me, I would have passed it Unless he had helped me, I would not have passed it ĐẢO NGỮ CỦA CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN • IF trái Tương lai: * If he helps me, I won’t die If he should help me, I won’t die Should he help me, I won’t die • IF trái Hiện tại: * If he helped me, I wouldn’t die If he were to help me, I wouldn’t die Were he to help me, I wouldn’t die * If I were Lan, I would kill you Were I Lan, I would kill you • IF trái Quá khứ: * If he had not helped me, I would have died Had he not helped me, I would have died MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC KHÁC • Cấu trúc không do…/ không nhờ vào… : Trái Hiện tại: would S + should + V0 could If it weren’t for Noun/Ving * If it weren’t for your help, I would die But for your help, I would die Without your help, I would die Trái Quá khứ: would S + should + have + V3/ed could Quá khứ hoàn thành * If it hadn’t been for your help, I would have died But for your help, I would have died Without your help, I would have died • Một số từ tương tự IF: IF (nếu) = Supposed/ Supposing (giả sử như) IF (nếu) = In case (phòng khi) Provided/ Providing (miễn là) On condition that (với điều kiện là) So long as (chừng mà) Otherwise (nếu không thì)… • AS IF/ AS THOUGHT