IELTS practice test 07 reading academic test

IELTS PRACTICE TESTS READING TEST 07 IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Good Luck! IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Please note that while we truly hope that the pack will help you to achieve the IELTS test band score you need, by purchasing this pack you agree to the 'Terms and Conditions of Use' This pack, which includes all pages and the associated audio files, is for your own individual study only The pack or any of its contents can not be shared or transmitted in any form without the prior written consent of TruLern Ltd Please remember copyright laws exist to help us ALL Breach of copyright kills creativity, innovation and healthy competition If you breach this copyright you could face legal action IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com against you Respecting copyright makes our world a better place Please respect our copyright Once again, many thanks and once again, the very best of luck with your IELTS test © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l 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and you will be considered to have accepted such changes if you use this web site after we have published the changed terms on this web site If you have any questions about this document or our privacy policy, please contact us © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Reading Academic IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Test 07 IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com SECTION Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions - 13 A diverging media Joe Swanberg makes films about the romantic lives of young urbanites He shoots quickly with a digital camera and asks actors to wear their own clothes His films, which tend to cost between $30,000 and $50,000 to make, are almost never shown in cinemas Instead they are available on pay-television as video-on-demand, as downloads from iTunes (Apple's digital store) or as DVDs By keeping his costs down and distributing digitally, Mr Swanberg is making a living Technology was expected to help young artists like Mr Swanberg In 2006 Chris Anderson, the author of "The Long Tail", predicted that the internet would vastly increase the supply of niche media products and bring audiences to them That has certainly happened But so has the opposite In film, music, television and books, blockbusters are tightening their grip on audiences and advertisers The growth of obscure products has come at the expense of things that are merely quite popular The loser in a world of almost limitless entertainment choice is not the hit, but the near-miss IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com There are several reasons for this Some are as old as Charles Dickens (or perhaps even Homer) People still want to have something to talk about with their friends Thus "American Idol" and "The X-Factor" pretty much as well as TV hits did ten years ago, "New Moon" set a new record at the box office and bestselling books sell better than ever Research shows that people enjoy hits more than they obscure stuff, often because they are the only thing that many people try in that genre: lucky Dan Brown and Katie Price But some things are new All that technology that has made niche content so much more accessible has also proved handy for pushing blockbusters Missed "Twilight", the predecessor of "New Moon"? There will be other chances to catch it, in a wide variety of formats Technology helps hits zip around the world, too-even in the art market IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Blockbusters are doing well not in spite of the fact that people have more choice in entertainment, but because of it Imagine walking into a music shop containing 4m songs (the number available on We7, a free music-streaming service in Britain) or more than 10m (the choice on iTunes), all of them arranged alphabetically in plain boxes The choice would be overwhelming It is far easier to grab the thing everybody is talking about or that you heard on the radio that morning Is this increasing polarisation into blockbusters and niches good or bad? It certainly makes life harder for media companies In a world of growing entertainment options it is more important than ever to make a splash Miss the top of the chart, even by a little, and your product ends up fighting for attention along with thousands-perhaps millions-of other offerings That prospect makes for jitters and, sometimes, conservatism Broadcast television programmes must succeed quickly or they will be cancelled It is becoming even harder to talk studio bosses into approving some kinds of film Want to make a complicated political drama, based on an original screenplay, with expensive actors in exotic locations? Good luck with that Yet the challenge for the moguls is a boon to consumers In the past firms made a lot of money supplying content that was not too objectionable to people who did not have much of a choice In a world of hugely expanded options they cannot get away with this These days there is rarely nothing good on television So media companies must raise their game © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Creative types who are accustomed to lavishing money on moderately appealing projects will have to more with less Or they must learn how to move between big-budget blockbusters and niche, small-budget fare, observing the different genre and budget constraints that apply in these worlds A few forward-looking folk, such as Steven Soderbergh, a film-maker, are already doing this Some will find shelter Premium television channels such as HBO, which are built on passion more than popularity, offer some protection from chill market winds So state broadcasters like the BBC Thinking people naturally deplore the rise of lowest-common-denominator blockbusters, and wish that more money were available to produce the kind of music, films and television programmes they like The problem is that everybody has different ideas about exactly what they want to see Some may thrill to a documentary about Leica cameras; others may want to spend an hour being told how to cook a better bouillabaisse But not many want to either of these things, which explains why such programmes are niche products There are only a few things that can be guaranteed to delight large numbers of people They are known as blockbusters IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions - Write True, False or Not Given Joe Swanberg makes romantic films for the cinema Chris Anderson's prediction in 2006 proved to be incorrect Blockbusters are not suffering despite the range of entertainment now available We7 and iTunes are beginning to make life harder for blockbusters Studio heads are less willing to make expensive films IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Questions - 13 Complete the summary with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD from the text Hitting the number two spot these days mean that your production has to compete with an abundance of from other media companies For this reason, is the approach favoured by some publishers This .for media bosses could however be a benefit for consumers The choice now available to us means they must their standards 10 people will need to be more flexible and able to work with a range of 11 Still people who make up the 12 markets will not be happy as many companies strive to produce something 13 to please the mass market IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com SECTION Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 14 - 26 Mind-altering media Plenty of surveys and studies have linked poor media habits with rising violence, childhood depression, attention deficit disorders and declining educational standards Yet we also hear entirely the opposite: IQ scores are rising, and have been since at least the 1950s, when television was becoming common in our homes What's more, regular gamers seem to perform better at tests of visual attention and spatial awareness So what are the effects of modern media on the brain - especially young, developing brains? Are TV and computers boosting our mental and social networking skills, or making us stupid, isolated and aggressive, with the attention spans of gnats? One thing researchers concur on is that any technology we use will change the brain There's nothing surprising or sinister about this, says Martin Westwell at the University of Oxford's Institute for the Future of the Mind "You are who you are largely because of the way the brain cells wire up in response to the environment and the things you do," he says "If you change the wiring you will change how we think." So how is the wiring changing? IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Some say we're getting smarter Steven Johnson, author of the book Everything Bad is Good for You, argues that the increasing complexity of media presentations and games, with their multiple plots and sophisticated layers, calls for more complex pre-planning and problem solving than ever Far from dumbing us down, popular culture is stretching us, Johnson claims, and the rising IQ scores are a testament to that There is some evidence to support such claims Shawn Green and Daphne Bavelier of the University of Rochester in New York have shown that regular computer gamers have improved visual attention and can take in more information They are better able to pay attention to things that are further apart or more rapidly changing, and can switch attention more quickly Even short-term play produces immediate improvements Jonathan Roberts of Virginia Polytechnic Institute found that women, who usually fare worse than men at spatial rotation tests, improve when exposed to 3D video games IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com When it comes to TV, however, there's no getting away from the fact that the bad news outweighs the good One of the biggest studies was done by Jeffrey Johnson and colleagues at Columbia University in New York, who followed more than 700 families for 17 years, recording their viewing habits, health, backgrounds and various behavioural tendencies Their findings confirm those of previous, smaller studies showing that the amount of TV watched during childhood and teens correlates with changes in attention and sleep patterns, among other things The group's latest analysis will be published next month, so Johnson can't reveal details yet, but says: "High levels of TV viewing may contribute to elevated risk for a type of syndrome which is often characterised by two or more of the following types of problems: elevated levels of verbal and physical aggression; difficulties with sleep; obesity and long-term risk for obesity-related health problems from a lack of physical exercise; and attention or learning difficulties." One of the smaller studies, by Dimitri Christakis at the University of Washington in Seattle, found that young children watching double the average TV viewing hours (which were 2.2 per day at age and 3.6 at age 3) were 25 per cent more likely to be diagnosed with attentional deficit hyperactivity disorder at age Some research even hints at a link with autism, although this is very far from proven The overwhelming majority of studies about modern media and the mind, however, have focused on © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding violence on and off the screen Although there has been more than 50 years' worth of research, most people seem to have the idea that, while these studies suggest there might be a small link, the jury is still out Wrong, says John Murray, a developmental psychologist from Kansas State University, one of the editors of the book Children and Television: Fifty years of research and author of US government-sponsored reports in 1972 and 1982 Murray is exasperated by this kind of ambivalence He says it is impossible to conclude anything other than that violence on TV has raised the level of violence and aggression in our society - and while research on computer games has begun only recently, what there is suggests violent games have an even stronger effect."Video games are more worrisome than TV because they are interactive," says Murray “Children learn best by demonstration and then imitation, with rewards for getting things right That's exactly what video games do," he says Not everyone is affected, and we are not all affected in same way, but overall, media violence does affect viewers' attitudes, values and behaviour, Murray says Hundreds of studies demonstrate this, so why the doubt? One reason is that media reports tend to give equal prominence to the naysayers The debate also has its hired guns, with industry organisations such as the Motion Picture Association of America sponsoring prominent books arguing against any links And whatever their motives, it is easy for critics to highlight the limitations of the science The ideal experiment would be to divide a large number of children into groups, expose the different groups to different types or varying amounts of TV or computer games for several years while keeping all other experiences identical, and then to follow their progress for life This will never be possible or ethical Instead, researchers have to rely on long-term surveys that don't prove causality, and lab experiments that not demonstrate long-term effects Nevertheless, the results from all these different types of studies add up to a compelling case IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 14 - 19 Which paragraph contains the following information? 14 proof that playing media games has beneficial effects 15 four worrying problems caused as a result of over-exposure to one form of media 16 the perfect research design 17 a summary of the pros and cons of new media 18 an immoral suggestion 19 a point that researchers agree on IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Questions 20 - 26 Match each name to the sentences below A John Murray B Jeffrey Johnson C Shawn Green and Daphne Bavelier D Steven Johnson E Dimitri Christakis F Jonathan Roberts G Martin Westwell IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com 20 believes children learn by watching and copying 21 believes that media games require more planning and skills than previously 22 discovered that women could benefit from video games 23 found a link weight problems and TV viewing 24 believes there is a strong link between violent games and violent behaviour 25 explains briefly how our minds shape our personality 26 demonstrated that frequent gamers can absorb more information © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com SECTION Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 27 – 40 Toy stories for grown-ups THE increasingly stunning animation emerging from the United States (in films like “A Bug’s Life” and “Toy Story 2”) is, quite literally, child’s play alongside the full-length animated films that have been pouring out of Japan since the early 1980s Nothing could be farther from the comforting world of Bambi, where formulaic characters and storylines are never allowed to frighten or offend, than Japan’s edgy, provocative, documentary-like “anime” One is eye-candy for kids; the other a demanding rollercoaster of a ride for people of all ages willing to explore the outer limits of their fears and longings Until recently, anime (a Japanese abbreviation of the borrowed English word) had little more than a cult following outside Japan However, animation epics such as Hayao Miyazaki’s “Nausicaa of the Valley of the Winds” (1984), Gisaburo Sugii’s “Night on the Galactic Railroad” (1985), and Katsuhiro Otomo’s “Akira” (1988) have been an inspiration for a younger generation of film makers in the West Luc Besson, the influential French director of “The Big Blue”, ranks Mr Otomo’s nervy “Akira” alongside the very best live-action films from the legendary Japanese director Akira Kurosawa IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Recently, a wider audience has begun to appreciate the efforts of such groups as Studio Ghibli, Production I.G and others within Tokyo’s talented anime community Much of the credit goes to Disney’s art-film unit, Miramax, for translating Mr Miyazaki’s “Princess Mononoke” and releasing it in a selected number of theatres in America last November The film—which pits a medieval people with their greed and thoughtlessness against the forces of nature in an epic confrontation that leaves both sides in ruin—is the biggest domestic box-office success of all time in Japan In America, “Princess Mononoke” opened to rave reviews but less-than-spectacular receipts Families, expecting typical Disney fare, may well have been shocked by the film’s mature themes Of all Mr Miyazaki’s work, this is his darkest and most disturbing film, with a generous share of brutality, death and even sexuality, as well as a conclusion that seemingly resolves nothing Disney has, to its credit, followed up with another of Mr Miyazaki’s masterpieces His animated classic, “Laputa, Castle in the Sky” (1986), which is loosely based on a passage from “Gulliver’s Travels”, is expected to go on limited release this spring, though probably not at its original three-hour length IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Half a century ago, it was the rich imagery and psychological insights of Japan’s live-action cinema that astonished and captivated the West Films such as Mr Kurosawa’s “Rashomon” (1951) and “Seven Samurai” (1954), and Yasujiro Ozu’s “Tokyo Story” (1953) set new standards for film makers everywhere For the past couple of decades, however, Japan’s mainstream cinema has been in decline, at the same time as the country’s avant-garde animators have been reaching new artistic heights “It appears that anime is taking centre stage in the Japanese film industry, pushing live-action movies to the wings,” says the author Kenji Sato Why should this be so? Cost is certainly part of the answer Hollywood has raised the ante in live action to a point where no one else can match the sums that go into making films like “Titanic” Though not cheap, animation offers a way of making stylish films without spending anything like as much Another factor is the help that anime has had from its close cousin, manga, the Japanese comic books that have become pervasive since the 1970s A number of successful full-length animations, including Mr © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Miyazaki’s “Nausicaa”, have been based on popular manga stories, and many of today’s animators honed their skills in publishing But is this enough to account for the Japanese partiality for animation over live action? Why should they feel more comfortable with a reality that is decidedly two-dimensional? Could it be—as Mr Sato wrote in a Japanese magazine, Echo, shortly after “Princess Mononoke” was released—that the Japanese moviegoers’ flight to anime is part of the ethnic abstinence that has suffused Japanese society, particularly since the end of the second world war? Bent on achieving the twin goals of modernisation and westernisation, Mr Sato claims that “the Japanese have rejected their own history and traditions and sought to become Nihonjin-banare (de-Japanised)—a generally complimentary term implying that one looks and acts more like a westerner than the average.” As Mr Sato points out, an enduring feature of anime as well as manga is the way that the characters, the females especially, are drawn with a blend of Japanese and Caucasian features “In short,” says Mr Sato, “the characters of anime show the Japanese as they would like to see themselves.” This may be going too far What is for sure, however, is that in their haste to catch up with and overtake the West, the Japanese have allowed their delicate framework for dramatic expression to disintegrate Most people in Japan today find it perfectly normal for western actors to express emotions in a direct and forceful way But if Japanese actors the same, the result comes across as corny Ironically, for many Japanese the thin, insubstantial reality of animated film may well appear more alive—more animated, literally—than the flesh-and-blood reality of their own live-action films IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 27 - 32 Write Yes, No or Not Given 27 Luc Besson was inspired by some of Mr Otomo's work 28 "Princess Mononoke" was a huge hit in America after it had been translated 29 Kenji Sato believes that Japanese animation films can never replace live-action movies 30 The main reason Japanese animation has grown is because production costs are much lower 31 Kenji Sato thinks that the popularity of anime in Japan is connected to a self-denial which exists in Japanese culture 32 The term 'de-Japanised' is not considered derogatory in Japanese society IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Questions 33 - 40 Complete the summary with words from the box below The manga comic books have of course had an influence on anime In fact, some 33 artists perfected their trade in the comic book industry However we probably have to look further than this to understand the 34 the Japanese seem to have for animation Mr Sato believes that the anime 35 , which are usually a 36 between Caucasians and Japanese, help the Japanese to 37 themselves in the way they 38 39 , live action films may seem less 40 than anime IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com actually, films, paradoxically, believe, cartoons, animate, characters, animation, combination, preference, understand, visualise, prefer, imagine, animate, understandably, cross, exciting © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Answers IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding 10 11 12 13 False False True False True oferings conservatism challenge raise Creative genre niche guaranteed 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 C D H A H B A D F B A G C 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Not Given No Not Given No Yes Yes animation preference characters cross visualise prefer Paradoxically animate IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com © IELTS-PRACTICE-TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you [...]... lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Answers IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com © IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding 1 2 3 4 5 6... the flesh-and-blood reality of their own live-action films IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com © IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 27 - 32 Write Yes, No or Not Given... A D F B A G C 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Not Given No Not Given No Yes Yes animation preference characters cross visualise prefer Paradoxically animate IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com © IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction... pervasive since the 1970s A number of successful full-length animations, including Mr © IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only You ca nnot sha re or tra nsm it it Non com plia nce could result in lega l a ction a ga inst you IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Miyazaki’s “Nausicaa”, have been based on popular manga stories, and... themselves in the way they 38 39 , live action films may seem less 40 than anime IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com actually, films, paradoxically, believe, cartoons, animate, characters, animation, combination, preference, understand, visualise, prefer, imagine, animate, understandably, cross, exciting © IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com , All Rights Reserved This content is for your ow n individua l study only.. .IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com SECTION 3 Pra ctice Test / Rea ding Questions 27 – 40 Toy stories for grown-ups THE increasingly stunning animation emerging from the United States (in films like “A Bug’s Life” and “Toy Story 2”) is,... West Luc Besson, the influential French director of “The Big Blue”, ranks Mr Otomo’s nervy “Akira” alongside the very best live-action films from the legendary Japanese director Akira Kurosawa IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Recently, a wider audience has begun to appreciate the efforts of such groups as Studio Ghibli, Production I.G and others within Tokyo’s talented anime community Much of the credit goes... Castle in the Sky” (1986), which is loosely based on a passage from “Gulliver’s Travels”, is expected to go on limited release this spring, though probably not at its original three-hour length IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Half a century ago, it was the rich imagery and psychological insights of Japan’s live-action cinema that astonished and captivated the West Films such as Mr Kurosawa’s “Rashomon” (1951)... Kenji Sato thinks that the popularity of anime in Japan is connected to a self-denial which exists in Japanese culture 32 The term 'de-Japanised' is not considered derogatory in Japanese society IELTS- PRACTICE- TESTS.com Questions 33 - 40 Complete the summary with words from the box below The manga comic books have of course had an influence on anime In fact, some 33 artists perfected their trade in