C 33 01 li thuyet ve andehit xeton

1 Xeton O O —C—H —C— – –CO–R' –CHO VD1: VD2: CH3–CO–CH3 CH2=CH–CO–CH3 HCHO; CH3CHO; HOC–CHO VD3: CH2=CH– A) CH3COOH C) CH3CHO B) CH3CH2OH D) CH3COOCH3 CH3COCH3 CH3CHO CH2=CH–CHO C6H5COOCH3 CH2=CHCOCH3 C6H5CHO CH2(CHO)2 HOOC–COOH CH2=CH–CH2OH C6H5COCH3 C2H5COOCH3 CH3COC2H5 CH3COCH3 (C2H5)2CO (CHO)2 CH A) CH2=CH–CHO B) HOC–CHO CHO C) D) HOOC–COOH CHO A) CH3CH2OH B) CH3CH2CHO C) CH2=CH–CHO D) 2=CHCH2CHO CHO A) B) C) D) không A) CH3COC2H5 C) C2H3COCH3 B) CH3COCH(CH3)2 D) (C2H5)2CO A) CnH2nO B) CnH2n–2O2 B) CnH2n+2O D) CnH2n–2O A) CnH2nO C) CnH2n–4O2 B) CnH2n–2O2 D) CnH2n+2O2 A 2H3O A) C4H6O2 C) C2H3O Công B) C8H12O4 D) C6H9O3 B A) CH2O B) C2H2O2 C) CHO D) C4H4O4 2 Danh pháp – VD4: butan 3–metylbutanal CH3–CH–CH2–CHO CH3 3–metyl HCHO CH3CHO metanal etanal CH2=CH–CHO propan–2–enal C6H5CHO HOC–CHO VD5: O 2–on propan–2–on CH3—C—CH2CH3 propan – VD6: O CH3—C—CH2CH3 etyl metyl xeton ("e metyl m") etyl 3COCH3 C (a) CH3CHO (c) CH2=CH–CHO (e) HOC–CHO D (a) CH3COCH3 (b) (CH3)2CHCHO (d) CH2=CHCH2CHO (f) HOC–CH2–CHO (b) CH3COC2H5 E (a) 2–metylbutanal (c) (e) metyl phenyl xeton (c) CH2=CH–CO–CH3 (b) but–2–enal (d) isopropyl metyl xeton (f) F A) C) B) D) A) C) B) D) G H 4H8 4 • C=O thành CH H2 Ni,to Xeton + H2 VD7: 2CO H2 CH3CHO + H2 • R2CHOH CH3CH2OH Ni,to H2 (CH3)2CO + H2 H2 Ni,to RCH2OH (CH3)2CHOH Ni,to 2O: • –OH – C=O + HCN VD8: CH3CHO + HCN C OH CN CH3CH(OH)CN OH (CH3)2CO + HCN CH3—C—CH3 CN I Ni (a) HCHO + H2 to Ni (b) CH3CHO + H2 to Ni (c) HOC–CHO + H2 to (d) CH2=CH–CHO + H2 (e) HOC–CH=CH–CHO + H2 Ni to Ni to J o) –1–ol? A) CH2=CH–CH2OH C) CH3CH2CHO không B) CH 2OH D) CH2=CH–OCH3 K 3H6 A) B) C) D) L A) butan–2–ol C) propan–1–ol B) propan–2–ol D) butan–1–ol M 3H6 A) B) (xúc tác Ni, to) sinh ancol? C) D) N 3)2CHCH(OH)CH3 A) 2–metylbutan–3–on C) 3–metylbutan–2–ol B) isopropyl metyl xeton D) 3–metylbutan–2–on H2O O H X CuO to Y H2 Ni, to A) propan–2–ol C) butan–2–ol P B) propanal D) axeton 3)2 A) propanal C) butan–2–on B) axeton D) Nhóm – –COOH (axit) 2O/NH3 RCHO + [O] RCOOH NH3 2O/NH3) NH3 RCHO+ Ag2O VD9: CH3CHO + Ag2O (1) RCHO + Ag2O RCOOH + 2Ag CH3COOH + 2Ag NH3 RCOOH + 2Ag to (2) RCOOH + NH3 to RCOONH4 a + aAg2O NH3 to R(COOH)a + 2aAg 2a Ag Riêng a –CHO HO–CO–OH + 4Ag HCHO + 2Ag2O 2CO3 Q (a) CH2=CH–CHO + Ag2 (b) HOC–CHO + Ag2 (c) HCHO + Ag2 (d) C6H5CHO + Ag2 NH3 NH3 to to NH3 to NH3 to R 2O/NH3? A) Ancol etylic C) Axetilen Chú ý B) Etilen glicol D) S AgNO3 (hay Ag2 A) B) C) D) 3? T 2O) 3 A) –1–in, etilen B) –2–in C) axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin D) U H2O CaC2 E CuO to H2 A F Pd/PbCO3 ,to Ag2O NH3 ,to H2O B C H HBr ®Æc D NaOH E G – – RCHO + Br2 + H2O RCOOH + 2HBr – RCHO + 2Cu(OH)2 OH to RCOOH + Cu2O + 2H2O V (a) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O (b) CH2=CH–CHO + Br2 + H2O (c) C6H5CHO + Br2 + H2O (d) HCHO + Br2 + H2O W OH (a) CH3CHO + Cu(OH)2 to (b) CH2=CH–CHO + Cu(OH)2 OH to X không A) Ag2O/NH3 C) HCl Y B) Cu(OH)2/OH D) Br2/H2O A) B) C) Z Không A) AgNO3 B) Cu(OH)2 C) D) HCN a D) 6H5CHO + KOH to C6H5COOK + C6H5CH2OH A) B) C) D) VD10: CH3CH2OH + CuO (CH3)2CHOH + CuO to to CH3CHO + H2O + Cu (CH3)2CO + H2O + Cu PdCl2/CuCl2 C2H4 + O2 PdCl2 , CuCl2 to CH3CHO 2SO4 C6H6 CH2 CHCH3 H C6H5CH(CH3)2 O2 H C6H5OH + (CH3)2CO cumen axeton b Ancol X A) metanol C) propan–1–ol B) etanol D) propan–2–ol c Ancol Y A) prop–2–en–1–ol C) prop–1–en–1–ol B) propan–1–ol D) propan–2–ol d không A) CH2=CH2 + O2 (xúc tác PdCl2, CuCl2) B) CH3CH2OH + CuO C) CH 2O (xúc tác HgSO4, H2SO4) D) CH3OH + O2 (xúc tác Ag) e A) metyl vinyl xeton C) metyl phenyl xeton B) propanal D) f 5H12O, A) B) C) D) 10 Câu C Câu F Câu T B C G C D U V W X C B B H I J B K B Y B D L B Z D A M A a A B N D b B A A O D c A B B P B d D e D f B C Q D R D E S B CH3CHO, C6H5CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH2(CHO)2 CH3COCH3, C6H5COCH3, (C2H5)2CO, CH3COC2H5 C (a) etanal (c) prop enal (b) metylpropanal (d) but enal D E (a) CH3CH2CH(CH3)CHO (c) CH2=CHCHO (e) CH3COC6H5 (b) CH3CH=CHCHO (d) CH3COCH(CH3)2 (f) CH3COCH3 11 H CH3CH2CH2CHO: butanal (CH3)2 CH3COCH2CH3: etyl metyl xeton I CH3OH (a) HCHO + H2 (b) CH3CHO + H2 CH3CH2OH CH2 2OH (d) CH2=CHCHO + H2 CH3CH2CH2OH CH2OHCH2CH2CH2OH Q (a) CH2 2O CH2 2O (c) HCHO + 2Ag2O (d) C6H5CHO + Ag2O H2CO3 + 4Ag C6H5COOH + 2Ag U A = C2H2; B = C2H4; C = CH3CH2OH; D = CH3CH2Br; E = CH3CH2OH; F = CH3CHO; G = CH3COOH V (a) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O CH3COOH + 2HBr (b) CH2=CHCHO + 2Br2 + H2O CH2 (c) C6H5CHO + Br2 + H2O C6H5COOH + 2HBr (d) HCHO + 2Br2 + 2H2O H2CO3 + 4HBr W (a) CH3CHO + Cu(OH)2 OH (b) CH2=CHCHO + Cu(OH)2 to CH3COOH + Cu2O + H2O OH to CH2=CHCOOH + Cu2O + H2O 12 [...]... CH3COCH3 11 H CH3CH2CH2CHO: butanal (CH3)2 CH3COCH2CH3: etyl metyl xeton I CH3OH (a) HCHO + H2 (b) CH3CHO + H2 CH3CH2OH CH2 2 2OH (d) CH2=CHCHO + H2 CH3CH2CH2OH CH2OHCH2CH2CH2OH 2 Q (a) CH2 2O CH2 2O (c) HCHO + 2Ag2O (d) C6 H5CHO + Ag2O H2CO3 + 4Ag C6 H5COOH + 2Ag U A = C2 H2; B = C2 H4; C = CH3CH2OH; D = CH3CH2Br; E = CH3CH2OH; F = CH3CHO; G = CH3COOH V (a) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O CH3COOH + 2HBr (b) CH2=CHCHO + 2Br2.. .C u 1 C Câu F C u T B C G C D U V W X C 2 3 4 B 5 B H I J 6 B K B Y B 7 D L B Z D 8 A M A a A 9 B N D b B A A O D c A B B P B d D e D f B C Q D R D E S B 2 CH3CHO, C6 H5CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH2(CHO)2 3 CH3COCH3, C6 H5COCH3, (C2 H5)2CO, CH3COC2H5 C (a) etanal (c) prop 2 enal (b) 2 metylpropanal (d) but 3 enal D E (a) CH3CH2CH(CH3)CHO (c) CH2=CHCHO (e) CH3COC6H5 (b) CH3CH=CHCHO (d) CH3COCH(CH3)2 (f) CH3COCH3... CH3CH2Br; E = CH3CH2OH; F = CH3CHO; G = CH3COOH V (a) CH3CHO + Br2 + H2O CH3COOH + 2HBr (b) CH2=CHCHO + 2Br2 + H2O CH2 (c) C6 H5CHO + Br2 + H2O C6 H5COOH + 2HBr (d) HCHO + 2Br2 + 2H2O H2CO3 + 4HBr W (a) CH3CHO + Cu(OH)2 OH (b) CH2=CHCHO + Cu(OH)2 to CH3COOH + Cu2O + H2O OH to CH2=CHCOOH + Cu2O + H2O 12