Chú ý O —C— – – O —C——OH – cacbonyl – axit fomic O O H—C—O— —C—O—H VD1: CH2=CH– Danh pháp Axit cacboxylic nhóm axit * + "oic" – VD2: butan CH3–CH–CH2–COOH axit 3–metylbutanoic CH3 3–metyl HCOOH CH3COOH axit fomic axit axetic axit metanoic axit etanoic CH2=CH–COOH axit acrylic axit propenoic C6H5COOH axit benzoic axit benzoic HOOC–COOH axit oxalic 1 A) CH3CHO C) CH3COOCH3 B) CH3COOH D) CH3CH2OH không A) HCOOH C) HOOC–COOH B) CH3COOH D) HO–COOH không A) HCOOH C) HCOOCH3 B) CH3COOH D) HOOC–COOH O O —C—CH2—C—COOH A) HOOC–COOH C) HCOO–CH2–COOH B) HOOC–CH2–COOH D) HCOO–CH2–HCOO –CH=CH–COOH A) B) C) D) COOH A) B) C) D) A) CH2=CH–COOH B) (COOH)2 C) HOOC–CH=CH–COOH D) COOH COOH (a) (b) (c) (d) A) CnH2n–2O2 C) CnH2n–2O4 B) CnH2n–4O2 D) CnH2nO4 A 3H4O3)n A) C6H8O6 C) C12H16O12 B) C3H4O3 D) C9H12O9 B 3H5O2 A) C3H5O2 C) C6H10O4 B) C3H10O2 D) C6H10O2 Chú ý , (2 < n < 7) C (a) C4H8O2 D (b) C4H6O2 (c) C5H10O2 3CH2 A) axit butanoic C) axit etanoic E B) axit propanoic D) axit pentanoic 2=CH–COOH A) axit propenoic C) axit acrylic B) axit oxalic D) F (a) axit 2–metylbutanoic (b) axit 2–metylpropenoic G A) axit fomic C) axit oxalic B) axit benzoic D) axit acrylic (2) Chú ý O (1) —C— R—C O—H R—C O R—C O O • • VD3: etanal, axit etanoic axit propanoic 3COOH < CH3CH2COOH axit etanoic axit propanoic C2H6 < CH3CHO < CH3CH2OH < CH3COOH < CH3CH2COOH H A) CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3COOH B) CH3COOH, C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH C) C2H6, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH D) C2H6, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH I A) CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO B) CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH C) CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO D) HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO J A) T, Z, Y, X C) T, X, Y, Z B) Z, T, Y, X D) Y, T, X, Z K A) B) C) D) L 3COOH (1); CH3CH2CH2OH (2); CH3CH2OH (3); CH3CH2COOH (4); CH3COCH3 A) 5, 3, 2, 1, C) 4, 1, 2, 3, Chú ý H2 ancol C2H5 axit cacboxylic B) 5, 3, 2, 4, D) 1, 4, 2, 3, M A) H2O, C2H5OH, CH3CHO, C2H2 B) C2H2, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, H2O C) H2O, CH3CHO, C2H5OH, C2H2 C) CH3CHO, H2O, C2H5OH, C2H2 + VD4: CH3COOH CH3COO + H+ — —O— H2O) X nguyên O —C— > X nguyên ANCOL < H2O < HCO3 < PHENOL < H2CO3 KHÔNG VD5: 2CO3 > phenol CO2 + H2O + C6H5ONa C6H5ONa + NaHCO3 H2CO3 N A) H2O, C6H5OH, CH3COOH B) CH3COOH, C6H5OH, H2O C) C6H5OH, H2O, CH3COOH D) CH3COOH, H2O, C6H5OH O 2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (T) Dãy A) T, Y, X, Z C) Y, T, Z, X B) X, Z, T, Y D) Y, T, X, Z P Cho axit CH3COOH Cl3C–COOH Cl2CH–COOH ClCH2COOH A) X, Y, Z, T C) Y, Z, T, X B) X, T, Z, Y D) Y, T, Z, X A) axit 2–clobutanoic C) axit 4–clobutanoic B) axit 3–clobutanoic D) axit butanoic Q Chú ý H2CO3 bão hòa R axetic A) B) C) bão D) S A) B) C) D) T 6H5ONa) có pH > không A) C6H5OH + Na2CO3 C6H5ONa + NaHCO3 B) 2CH3COONa + H2SO4 2CH3COOH + Na2SO4 C) CH3OH + NaOH CH3ONa + H2O D) CH3COOH + NaHCO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 Câu B Câu G C D H D C I B B J A B K C D L A B M A N A C O C A A P B B C Q A R C C D B S E D D T C F (a) CnH2nO2 (n 1) (c) CnH2n–2O4 (n 2) C (a) C – C – C – COOH (b) CnH2n–2O2 (n (d) CnH2n–4O4 (n C–C–C COOH (b) C = C – C – COOH C=C–C (c) C – C – C – C – COOH COOH C–C–C–C C – C = C – COOH COOH C – C – C – COOH C 2) 4) COOH C–C–C C F (a) CH3CH2CH(CH3)COOH (b) CH2=C(CH3)COOH