Unit 1 get started with translation

Đây là tài liệu giáo trình dạy dịch tiếng Anh cấp độ dịch cơ bản. Giáo trình được xây dựng dành cho người bắt đầu học dịch với điều kiện học viên đã có trình độ nhất định (C level hoặc trung cấp) về tiếng Anh và tiếng Việt tốt.

Translation course – Unit 1: Let’s Get Started With Translation Unit 1: Let’s get started with translation Translate the following paragraphs into your local language: 1.1 Translation Translation is the interpreting of the meaning of a text and the subsequent production of an equivalent text, likewise called a "translation," that communicates the same message in another language The text to be translated is called the source text, and the language that it is to be translated into is called the target language; the final product is sometimes called the target text Translation must take into account constraints that include context, the rules of grammar of the two languages, their writing conventions, and their idioms A common misconception is that there exists a simple word-for-word correspondence between any two languages, and that translation is a straightforward mechanical process; such a wordfor-word translation, however, cannot take into account context, grammar, conventions, and idioms Translation, when practiced by relatively bilingual individuals but especially when by persons with limited proficiency in one or both languages, involves a risk of spilling-over of idioms and usages from the source language into the target language On the other hand, inter-linguistic spillages have also served the useful purpose of importing calques and loanwords from a source language into a target language that had previously lacked a concept or a convenient expression for the concept Translators and interpreters, professional as well as amateur, have thus played an important role in the evolution of languages and cultures Subsequent production: Word-for-word: Source text: Correspondence: Target language Mechanical process: Target text Limited proficiency : Context: Spilling-over : Writing conventions: Inter-linguistic spillages: Misconception: Calques: © Nguyen Trung Kien FOTIC - UIA Translation course – Unit 1: Let’s Get Started With Translation 1.2 Petrol prices unchanged despite world price fall HA NOI — Petrol retailers will hold the pump price of petrol on the domestic market, despite a decline in wholesale prices, and instead pay a fee to the petrol price stabilisation fund This follows a decision on Saturday by the ministries of Finance and Industry and Trade, and comes only a short time after it allowed petrol and oil retail prices to increase by VND 1,000 to VND 15,700 per litre of A92 petrol, VND 13,100 per litre of diesel oil and VND 14,000 per litre of kerosene1 on August 30 In the early 20 days of this month, world petrol and oil prices fell 5.3 per cent for A92 petrol, 4.42 per cent for kerosene and 3.42 per cent for diesel oil compared with last month, the ministries said : Dầu lửa 1.3 Caravan tours Caravan tours were becoming more popular in Viet Nam, but tourists had to complete cumbersome and time-consuming procedures Most tourists of this kind were high income earners requiring high-quality services, he said In recent years, many caravan tours from Thailand and Laos have visited Viet Nam, contributing to increased tourism traffic in the Central Highlands and central regions Sometimes, the overland international border gates at the regions received up to 2,000 international tourists a day, Binh said However, concerned provinces and the domestic tourism industry still had no specific plans to attract tourists of this kind To attract international overland tourists to Viet Nam, border provinces, particularly those in the Tay Nguyen and central regions, must attach priority to building tourism infrastructural facilities and ensure high quality services, Binh said He also stressed the need to set up close cooperation between Viet Nam and neighbouring countries including Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and China in developing international overland tourism including caravan tours — VNS © Nguyen Trung Kien FOTIC - UIA Translation course – Unit 1: Let’s Get Started With Translation Translate the following paragraphs into your English: 2.1 ADB nâng mức dự báo tăng trưởng Việt Nam lên 4,7% (ND) Nhờ phản ứng sách nhanh chóng mạnh mẽ Chính phủ, báo cáo công bố hôm nay, Ngân hàng Phát triển Châu Á (ADB) nâng dự báo tăng trưởng Việt Nam năm 2009 từ 4,5% (hồi tháng 3-2009) lên 4,7% giữ nguyên mức dự báo tăng trưởng 6,5% cho năm 2010 Tuy nhiên, báo cáo nhấn mạnh cần thiết Chính phủ việc đảm bảo cân kích thích tăng trưởng thông qua biện pháp kích cầu giữ vững ổn định kinh tế vĩ mô (Nhan Dan Newspaper) 2.2 Report translation “Giai đoạn đầu Dự án gồm hai giai đoạn thực 04 tỉnh: Nam Định, Ninh Bình, Hải Dương Thái Bình Trong giai đoạn có khoảng 28-30 xã tỉnh phục vụ, đưa số xã phục vụ lên khoảng 120 xã với tổng số dân khoảng 800.000 người Uỷ ban nhân dân tỉnh (PPC’s) chịu trách nhiệm thực dự án thông qua Sở nông nghiệp phát triển nông thôn (DARD’s) tỉnh, Sở thành lập Ban quản lý dự án tỉnh (PPMU’s) để thực thi nhiệm vụ.” 2.3 Nghệ sĩ guitare tiếng Pháp biểu diễn Hà Nội Thibault Cauvin nghệ sĩ guitare trẻ yêu thích nay, không Paris, quê hương anh mà nhiều thành phố khác giới, nơi anh đến trình diễn Anh trình tấu nhà hát danh tiếng thành phố New York, Singapour, Sao Paolo, Istanbul, Luân Đôn, Melbourne, Séoul Tanger Mới 24 tuổi, anh thực 600 buổi hòa nhạc khắp lục địa giới phê bình trí đánh giá cao Anh tham gia nhiều chương trình truyền hình, phát cộng tác với nhiều nhạc công, nhạc sĩ dàn nhạc giao hưởng tiếng Mặc dù tuổi đời trẻ, Thibault thường xuyên nhạc viện, trường đại học liên hoan âm nhạc khắp giới chọn làm khách mời cho master-class, hội thảo hay giám khảo thi © Nguyen Trung Kien FOTIC - UIA Translation course – Unit 1: Let’s Get Started With Translation 2.4 Certificate translation Further reading: Principles of Translation (Alan Duff, 1990) © Nguyen Trung Kien FOTIC - UIA Translation course – Unit 1: Let’s Get Started With Translation Below are some general principles which are relevant to all translation: a Meaning The translation should reflect accurately the meaning of original text Nothing should be arbitrarily added or removed b Form The ordering of words and ideas in the translation should match the originals as closely as possible When in doubt, underline in the original text the words on which the main stress falls c Register Language often differs greatly in their levels of formality in a given context To resolve these differences, the translator must distinguish between formal or fixed expressions and personal expressions, in which the write sets the tone d Source language influence One of the most frequent criticisms of translation is that 'it doesn't sound natural’ This is because the translator's thoughts and choice of words are too strongly influenced by the original text A good way of avoiding the SL influence is to translate naturally using the idiomatic target language e Style and clarity The translator should not change the style of the original, but if the text is sloppily written, or full of repetitions, the translator may, for the reader's sake, correct the defects f Idiom Idiomatic expressions are notoriously untranslatable These include similes, metaphors, proverbs and saying, jargon, slang and colloquialisms and phrasal verbs If the expressions can not be directly translated, try any of the following: - Retain the original word, in inverted commas: 'yumcha', 'phở', 'chèo' - Retain the original expression with a literal explanation in brackets: 'áo dài' (a long close-fitting blouse) 'thồ' (a taxi bike or a taxi motorbike ) 'acre' (đơn vị đo diện tích tương đương 4.000 m2) The golden rule is: if the idiom does not work in the L1, not force it into translation © Nguyen Trung Kien FOTIC - UIA