CHAPTER THE CHALLENGE OF MANAGEMENT © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Lecture outline • • • • • Overview of management What managers actually Managerial qualities Management job roles 21st century management © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Overview of management ‘Management is the achievement of organisational goals by engaging in the four major functions of planning, organising, leading and controlling.’ © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Overview of management • Planning The process of setting goals and deciding how best to achieve them • Organising The process of allocating human and non-human resources so that plans can be carried out successfully • Leading The process of influencing others to engage in the work behaviours necessary to reach organisational goals • Controlling The process of regulating organisational activities so that actual performance conforms to expected organisational standards and goals © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Overview of management Achievement Achievementof oforganisational organisationalgoals goalsvia: via: 1 Planning Planning 2 Organising Organising 3 Leading Leading 4 Controlling Controlling © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint The management process To be successful, the functions of planning, leading, organising and controlling need to be linked to: • Work agenda • Work methods and roles With reliance upon an organisational pool of knowledge and management skills, which leads to: • Organisational performance © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint What managers actually Henry Mintzberg’s study of managers concluded: • They perform great quantity of work at unrelenting pace • Work typically varied, fragmented, brief • Prefer to deal with current, specific, ad hoc issues © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint What managers actually • Effective managers at the centre of a network of contacts • Prefer verbal communication—especially via phone • Control of own activities—good information essential for this control © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Managerial roles • • • • Interpersonal Informational Decisional Negotiator © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint Interpersonal role • Figureheads: Projecting a set of values, communicating an image • Leader role: Needs to be informed, as well as informing Leadership skills commonly lacking in managers • Liaison role: Developing channels of communication, especially informal channels with other corporate directors, political connections, media, public figures © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 10 Informational role • Monitor: Sifting, sorting, selecting information (to help set the agenda)—phone, meetings, memos, social functions, mail, public gatherings • Disseminator: The passing of relevant information to subordinates • Spokesperson: Has to be able to express it, have solid verbal skills—right message at right time © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 11 Decisional • Entrepreneurial: Ability to identify opportunities and threats — able to this in diverse situations—work or leisure • Disturbance handler: More information available, likely correct decision made • Resource allocator: To divisions or departments, managers need to have an understanding of what resources are needed for effective functioning (e.g budget gamesmanship) © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 12 Negotiator Managers need precise and relevant information to facilitate this role Therefore, the best managers: • Place themselves at the centre of a vast network of contacts that are social, political, occupational, organisational, international • Can sift, sort, select valuable information • Have secretaries who network, who filter and edit information to avoid overload © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 13 Managerial knowledge, performance & skills • Knowledge base Knowledge of industry, product, market, technology etc • Skills base Technical, human & conceptual • Performance goals Effectiveness & efficiency © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 14 Vertical differences in management roles Top managers —planning, conceptual skills Middle managers —mixed skill needs First line managers/supervisors —leading, technical skills Operational level staff © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 15 Horizontal differences in management roles • Entrepreneurial managers Growth focus • Functional managers Specific, technical focus • General managers Broad, whole of organisation/unit responsibilities • Project managers Integrative, team focus © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 16 21st century management • • • • • Change & innovation Markets & technology Diversity: markets, products & staff Globalisation Quality & organisational development © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 17 Lecture summary • Overview of management – Management function (PLOC) • What managers actually – Roles: interpersonal, decisional, informational, negotiator – Work agenda & methods • Managerial knowledge, skills & performance – Management job types – Vertical & horizontal differences in management roles • 21st century management – Change, innovation, diversity, globalisation, quality & organisational development © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 18 [...]... PowerPoint 12 Negotiator Managers need precise and relevant information to facilitate this role Therefore, the best managers: • Place themselves at the centre of a vast network of contacts that are social, political, occupational, organisational, international • Can sift, sort, select valuable information • Have secretaries who network, who filter and edit information to avoid overload © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia... PowerPoint 16 21st century management • • • • • Change & innovation Markets & technology Diversity: markets, products & staff Globalisation Quality & organisational development © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 17 Lecture summary • Overview of management – Management function (PLOC) • What managers actually do – Roles: interpersonal, decisional, informational, negotiator – Work agenda & methods... line managers/supervisors —leading, technical skills Operational level staff © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 15 Horizontal differences in management roles • Entrepreneurial managers Growth focus • Functional managers Specific, technical focus • General managers Broad, whole of organisation/unit responsibilities • Project managers Integrative, team focus © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty...Informational role • Monitor: Sifting, sorting, selecting information (to help set the agenda)—phone, meetings, memos, social functions, mail, public gatherings • Disseminator: The passing of relevant information to subordinates • Spokesperson: Has to be able to express it, have solid verbal skills—right message at right time © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 11 Decisional • Entrepreneurial:... McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 13 Managerial knowledge, performance & skills • Knowledge base Knowledge of industry, product, market, technology etc • Skills base Technical, human & conceptual • Performance goals Effectiveness & efficiency © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 14 Vertical differences in management roles Top managers —planning, conceptual skills Middle managers —mixed... Entrepreneurial: Ability to identify opportunities and threats — able to do this in diverse situations—work or leisure • Disturbance handler: More information available, likely correct decision made • Resource allocator: To divisions or departments, managers need to have an understanding of what resources are needed for effective functioning (e.g budget gamesmanship) © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint... decisional, informational, negotiator – Work agenda & methods • Managerial knowledge, skills & performance – Management job types – Vertical & horizontal differences in management roles • 21st century management – Change, innovation, diversity, globalisation, quality & organisational development © 2003 McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd PowerPoint 18