TÀI LIỆU IELTS TASK1

1.00 The chart below gives information about the UK's ageing population in 1985 and makes predictions for 2035 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Source: Office for National Statistics, National Records of Scotland, Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency The graph shows how the size and distribution of the UK's ageing population is likely to change over a 50-year period Overall, the proportions are predicted to increase in all UK countries In 1985, 15 per cent of the UK population was over 65, but by 2035, this will account for 23 per cent of the total population A closer look at the data reveals that the ageing population is expected to rise more in some parts of the UK than in other In 1985, Wales had the highest percentage of people aged 65 and over, at 16 per cent The second-largest group could be found in England and the third in Scotland Northern Ireland had lowest proportion, with 12 per cent aged 65 and over By 2035, Wales is still going to have by far the greatest percentage of over 65s, with figures likely to reach 26 per cent However, the biggest increases in this age group, relative to the rest of the population, are predicted to occur in Northern Ireland and Scotland In Northern Ireland, for example, this figure will increase almost double to 23 per cent (189 words) 2.00…The graph below gives information about car ownership in Britain from 1971 to 2007 The graph shows changes in the number of cars household in Great Britain a period of 36 years Overall, car ownership in Britain increased 1971 and 2007 In particular, the number of households with two cars rose, while the number of households a car fell In 1971, half of all British households did not have regular use of a car Around 44% of households had one car, but only about 7% had two cars It was uncommon for families to own three or more cars, around 2% of households falling into this category The one-car household was the most common type from the late 1970’s , although there was little change in the for this category The biggest change was seen in the proportion of households without a car, which fell steadily over the 36-year period around 25% in 2007 In contrast, the proportion of two-car families rose steadily, reaching about 26% in 2007, and the proportion of households with more than two cars rose around 5% Fill the gaps in the essay with the following words: almost, to, figures, per, between, by, over, with, without, onwards 1-per 2-over 3-between 4-without 5-almost 6-with 7-onwards 8-figures 9-by 10-to 3.00 …The diagrams below give information on transport and car use in Edmonton Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant People’s reasons for using the car in city Commute to work 55% Shopping 15% Leisure activities 15% Taking children to school 40% Business 45% The table shows the reason why people in Edmonton use their cars in the city and the pie chart explains what type of transport people prefer to use most of the time Looking at the pie chart first, it is clear that the car is the most popular means of transport in this city 45% of the people say that they prefer to commute by car The second most popular form of transport is the LRT, while busses and taxis are the main means of transport for the rest of the people The table gives more detailed information about why people use their cars Surprisingly, 55% of the people need to commute to work by car Cars are also used a lot for taking children to school or business purposes Only 15% of drivers are doing their shopping and, similarly, 15% need to travel by car for leisure Overall, people in Edmonton make good use of alternative methods of transport but there is a heavy dependence on cars for work (170 words) 4.00 …The line graph below gives information about the number of visitors to three London museums between June and September 2013 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Test Tip Check the horizontal axis to find whether the graph refers to past, present, future or all three We use the present simple to describe the graph: The graph shows … , We can see … If the graph refers to past period of time, we use the past simple, and if the graph includes future times, we use will or it is predicted that Look at the line graph and complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and the correct prepositions The graph (show) how many people (visit) three London museums in the summer of 2013 Most visitors (go) to the British museum June and September The number (fluctuate) between 500 and 750 By contrast, the Science Museum and the Natural History Museum (receive) fewer visitors The number of people who visited the Science Museum (drop) gradually from 400 thousand to 300 from June to August then (rise) to 450 thousand September We can (see) that the trend for the Natural History Museum (be) similar There was a sharp drop in visitors from June to July The number (remain stable) in August and then (increase) steadily in September 5.00 …The bar chart below gives information about the percentage of the population living in urban areas in the world and in different continents Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Source: UN, World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revision (2006) and Carl Haub, 2007 World Population Data Sheet Do not copy information from the question paper, use your own words Make sure that you describe the most important information and that your figures are accurate Read the following sample answer Complete the answer by filling the gaps with the words in the box by contrast in spite of compares smaller shows marked double highest The bar chart the urbanization percentage of the world in 1950 and this with the percentage in 2007 and the projected percentage for 2030 Between 1950 and 2030, the proportion of the world's population residing in cities is expected to , growing from 29% to 60% However, this rate is less in some continents than others For example, 64% of the population of North America was urban in 1950, increasing to 79% by 2007 ., just 15% of the African population was urban in 1950, but this rose to 37% by 2007 This represents one of the urbanization rates in the world, even though the percentage of Africans in urban areas is still than the world average It is also clear from the graph that, urbanization in Latin America is projected to be higher than Europe in 2030, being lower in 1950 6.00 …The table below presents the number of children ever born to women aged 40-44 years in Australia for each year the information was collected since 1981 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Number of children ever born, Women aged 40–44 years year None % 2006 1996 1986 1981 15.9 12.8 9.7 8.5 Four or One Two Three more child children children children % % % % 13.2 11.3 8.7 7.6 38.3 38.2 35.6 29.0 21.5 24.6 27.0 27.4 11.0 13.1 18.9 27.6 Source: ABS Births Australia 2001, 2006 (3301.0) Test Tip You should ‘signpost’ general statements, i.e introduce them with expressions such as The table/pie chart/graph/etc shows The most significant change Another noticeable trend Overall You must also support general statements with detailed information from the table/graph/etc The table shows the number of children born to women aged 40–44 years in Australia in 1981, 1986, 1996 and 2001 In 1981, women aged 40-44 years were only marginally more likely to have had two children than three children (29% vs 27.4%) or four or more children (27.6%) Similarly, by 1986, women of this age were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (35.6% vs 27%) or four or more children (18.9%) In 1996 and 2006, the proportions of women aged 40-44 years who had given birth to two children were almost identical, though the proportions who had given birth to three children or to four or more children had decreased In these more recent periods, women were more likely to have had two children than three or more children - a trend that was most marked in the most recent period (38.2% vs 24.6% in 1996; 38.3% vs 21.5% in 2006) While two-child families now predominate, the number of women who had given birth to only one child increased progressively from 7.6% in 1981 to 13.2% in 2006 In 1981, similar proportions of women aged in their early forties were childless or had given birth to only one child (8.5% and 7.6% respectively) By 2006, 15.9% of women were childless and 13.2% had given birth to only one child Overall, by age 40-44 years, the proportion of women who have had three or more children has fallen considerably since the 1980s, while the proportions who have had no children, or only one or two children has increased (266 words) 7.00 …The graphs below provide information on global population figures and figures for urban populations in different world regions Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population Test Tip If there is more than one diagram, study any heading, key or source for each Decide what the vertical and horizontal axes measure, and what the bars show Look for similarities, differences, changes and trends The first graph shows the trend in world population growth between 1800 and 2100, while the second graph gives predicted urban population figures for the next 25 years The world population has experienced continuous growth since 1800 Between 1800 and 1950, the population grew slowly from just under billion to 2.5 billion people After that, the growth rate increased and currently the figure is around 6.5 billion Projections show a continued increase in population in the near future, but a steady decline in the population growth rate The global population is expected to peak at 8.2 billion by 2050, and then decline to around 6.2 billion by 2100 The predictions also show that almost all urban population growth in the next 25 years will occur in cities of developing countries In developed regions, on the other hand, the urban population is expected to remain unchanged at about 1.3 billion people over the next two decades The graphs show that the global population increase will not occur evenly throughout the world, but will be greater in some areas than others (180 words) 8.00 …The chart below shows the percentage of male and female teachers in six different types of educational setting in the UK in 2010 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Test Tip You only have 20 minutes to Writing Task 1, so make sure the points you include are: Relevant – you will waste time and lose marks if you don’t follow the instructions Don’t speculate or add your own opinions Not repetitive – don’t say the same thing in different words, or write similar sentences about all the figures Describe something different in every point Make comparisons and describe trends rather than focus on individual numbers Accurate – giving the wrong information loses marks, so study the question carefully and interpret data or diagrams correctly The bar chart gives information about the gender of teachers in six types of educational institutions in the UK in 2010 It shows what percentage of teachers was male and what percentage was female Women dominated the teaching profession in primary education, but less so at lower and upper secondary education It was particularly true of nursery school, where the share of female teachers was above 95% Similarly one-sided was the situation in primary school, where over 90% of teachers were also female At secondary and upper secondary level this pattern was less pronounced, where there were nearly equal proportions of male and female teachers On the other hand, male teachers outnumbered female teachers in high-level education, where the proportion of men was twice that for women Overall, the higher the level of education, the more male teachers dominated, and the reverse occurred with respect to female teachers (150 words) 9.00 …The diagram below shows the production of steam using a gas cooled nuclear reactor Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant 21.00 …Vocabulary in the report The charts A and B show the share of the UK and Australian cinema market in 2001 and cinema admission in the UK and Australia from 1976 to 2006 Sources: Admission data: BFI, Motion Picture Distributors Association of Australia (MPDAA) Read this sample report and fill each space by choosing one of the words in the box accounted compared dropped stood fell increased opposed predominated recovered Chart (A) shows the cinema industry’s share of the Australian and UK cinema market by origin in 2001 In both countries, films made in the United States with 77% of the market in the UK to 67% in Australia UK films for 21% of the UK cinema market and 6% of the Australian market On the other hand, while 11% of the films shown in Australia were Australian, no Australian films were shown in the UK Films from other countries had 16% of the market share in Australia as to just 2% in the UK Chart (B) shows cinema admissions in the UK and Australia since 1976 In both countries cinema admissions in the early 1980s In Australia admissions from just under 40 million in 1980 to about 30 million in 1984–6 while in the UK the decrease was far more dramatic (from 100 million in 1980 to less than 60 million in 1984) Since then, however, the industry has in both countries In 2001, cinema admissions in the UK at over 150 million, whereas in Australia they reached 90 million Overall, the charts show that the cinema has in popularity in both countries over the last 15 years, but that the origins of the films projected in Australia are more diverse than in the UK 22.00…The chart below shows the number of girls per 100 boys enrolled in different levels of school education Write a short report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below The chart shows the number of female students per 100 male students in primary, secondary and tertiary education On Average, more boys than girls were enrolled in school both in 1990 and 1998 in all the countries, except in tertiary education in developed countries The number of girls per 100 boys was bigger in 1998 than in 1990 in the two country groups and in all the educational stages Turning to the detail, there were more boys than girls in primary and secondary education As can be seen, developing countries saw a bigger discrepancy between the numbers of male and female students than developed countries, with the number of girls per 100 boys at 83 in 1990 and 87 in 1998 in primary education However, in developed countries, the balance of the two was much closer to the ideal, particularly in secondary education, with 98 girls per 100 boys in 1990 and 99 in 1998 Regarding tertiary education, the balance was even worse than in any other levels of education in developing countries with 66 girls enrolled for every 100 boys in 1990 and 75 in 1998 On the other hand, in developing countries, the number of girls overtook that of boys at 105 per 100 boys in 1990 and 112 in 1998 (213 words) 23.00 …The chart below shows the proportions of the world’s oil resources held in different areas, together with the proportions consumed annually in the same areas Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant The charts shows the oil resources held, together with the proportions consumed within the same area each year, in different areas of the world It is obvious that the region holding the most oil resources is the Middle East, with 56.52%, over a half of total world oil resources while in the United States and Asia, the level of oil consumed each year is for more away from the oil resources they hold The percentage of total world oil consumption of United States and Asia are 25.48% and 26.21% respectively They are the highest oil consumption region in the world Another place that is worth mentioned will be the Western Europe With about twenty percent of total world oil consumption, the Western Europe merely holds less than 1.5% of the oil resources in the World Regions that are not mentioned above have the close percentage between oil holding and consuming whereas Canada has the highest level of oil holding than consuming, the respective figures are 14.84% and 2.48% Overall, the charts suggest that Middle East is the only majority at oil resources held, while Asia, United States and western have the highest level at oil resources imported (197 words) EXAMINER’S EXPLANATION Band 5.5 “This response describes the main points of the bar graphs and provides a summary of their most significant features However, the figures are not well selected to support or highlight the key features, there are some minor inaccuracies, and details are missing, with only half of the countries on the graphs being mentioned There is an overall progression to the response, though the middle section could have been structured more clearly and coherently by use of linkers There are no errors in spelling, but this accuracy is achieved by staying within a limited range of vocabulary, and by relying on repetition of the phrases supplied on the question paper Grammatical errors occur but are not frequent or serious enough to affect communication, and there is a range of sentence types which includes some complex structures.” 24.00 …The chart shows student expenditure over a three-year period in the United Kingdom Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Student expenditure (aged under 26 in higher education) United Kingdom* Percentage of total expenditure (1) includes non-essential consumer items and credit repayments * Source: Student Income and Expenditure Survey Department for Education and Employment Study these three sentences and then write three similar sentences about other parts of the chart 1) During the period 1996 to 1999, student spent 3% less on accommodation, which fell from 23% to 20% of total expenditure 2) There was a 3% decrease in spending on accommodation, which fell from 23% to 20% 3) Spending on accommodation went down by 3% from 23% to 20% Using prepositions Complete the following sample report by putting a preposition in each space The chart shows the changes which took place student spending in the United Kingdom the three-year period from 1996 to 1999 Students spent 3% less on accommodation, which fell 23% 20% of total expenditure, and there was a 2% decrease spending on food, bills and household goods, which fell from 20% to 18% At the same time course expenditure went down 3% from 10% to 7% Children, who constituted 1% students' expenditure in 1996, are not represented in 1999 On the other hand, there was a 5% growth spending on entertainment, which stood 26% of total expenditure in 1996 but rose 31% in 1999 Spending on other non-essential items and credit repayments grew 4% to make 16% of total expenditure Spending on essential travel went up 3% while non-essential travel underwent a 1% fall Overall, with the exception of expenditure travel, the most significant general change was a shift spending on essential items spending on non-essential items 25.00 …The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990 Exports from Australia declined over the five-year period, while the Canadian market fluctuated considerably, and the European Community showed an increase In 1985, Australia exported about 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the number increased by one million tonnes to 16 million After that, however, there was a gradual decline until 1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes Over the same period, the amount of Canadian exports varied greatly It started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24 million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then climbed back to 19 million in 1990 Seventeen million tonnes were exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to 14 million tonnes in 1986 and then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990 (165 words) 26.00 …The table below gives information about Favorite Pastimes in different countries Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant From 30 - 50 years old Canada France England TV 60 / / Sport Reading Hobbies Music Beach 22 15 40 / 30 20 / / 30 21 / Sleep / 20 Australia Korea China USA Japan 65 22 15 60 / 30 21 25 23 / 15 60 60 15 62 45 45 50 42 / 23 / 30 30 / 4 / This table clearly presents and compares favorable pastimes in eight different countries The pastimes, across the top of the table, are analyzed in relation to each country As can be seen, about 60% of Canadians, Australians and Americans like watching television On the other hand, this figure is quite low for China where only 15% of people watch television Predictably, Americans like music at 23%, whereas only to 5% of people in the other countries feel the same way 20% of people in England enjoy sleeping as a pastime whereas in Canada and the USA, for example, the figure is only 2% Interestingly, the Chinese like hobbies the most at 50%, as opposed to only 20% in France It isn’t surprising that the highest percentage of beach-lovers is in Australia and the USA at 30% It seems that pastimes of people of different nationalities may be influenced by a number of factors such as the socio-economic situation or the climate These factors influence cultural differences between different nationalities and make cross-cultural experiences more interesting (175 words) 27.00 …The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house works Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system It shows how the tank, boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto both the radiators and the taps The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the roof From there ü flows down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of the house The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes through it The hot water is then pumped round the house through a system of pipes and flows into the radiators, located in different rooms The water circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes inside them to help distribute the heat, and this warms each of the rooms Some of the water is directed to the taps to provide hot water for the house Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to the boiler to be re-heated and circulated round the house again Introduction: First sentence Overview: Second sentence Key features: Entry of cold water into boiler; circulation of hot waterto radiators and taps; return of waterto boiler Supporting information: direction of flow; types of boiler; location of radiators; radiator tubes Paragraph breaks: The paragraph breaks mark stages in the process Linkers: and, from there, then, once, again Reference words: it, both, there, which, this Topic vocabulary: enters, stored, roof, flows, ground floor, located, passes, pumped, system, circulates, heat, directed, returned, re-heated Less common vocabulary: ensure, fuelled by, heats up, distribute the heat, warms Structures: An appropriate mix of active and passive structures and a range of sentence types are used Length: 172 words 27.00 …The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian children Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown The graph shows the preferred leisure sctivities of Australian children aged 5-14 As might be expected, it is clear from the data that sedentary pursuits are far more popular nowadays than active ones Of the 10,000 children that were interviewed, all the boys and girls stated that they enjoyed watching TV or videos in their spare time In addition, the second most popular activity, attracting 80% of boys and 60% of girls, was playing electronic or computer games While girls rated activities such as art and craft highly – just under 60% stated that they enjoyed these in their spare time – only 35% of boys opted for creative pastimes Bike riding, on the other hand, was almost as popular as electronic games amongst boys and, perhaps surprisingly, almost 60% of girls said that they enjoyed this too Skateboarding was relatively less popular amongst both boys and girls, although it still attracted 35% of boys and 25% of girls (157 words) 28.00 …The table below provide information on rental charges and salaries in three areas of London Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below Weekly rents per property (£/w) Area Notting Hill Regent's Park Fulham bed 375 325 215 bed 485 450 390 Salaries needed (£/year) bed bed bed bed 98,500 127,500 194,000 85,500 118,000 170,500 56,500 102,500 157,500 The table shows two sets of related information: the relative cost, in pounds, of renting a property with one, two or three bedrooms in three different suburbs of London and an indication of the kind of annual salary you would need to be earning to rent in these areas Of the three areas mentioned, Notting Hill is the most expensive with weekly rents starting at £375 (salary approximately f 100,000) and rising to £738 per week for a 3-bedroom property To afford this, you would require a salary in the region of £200,000 per annum Alternatively, Fulham is the cheapest area shown with rents ranging from £215 per week for a one bedroom property to £600 per week for a 3bedroom property To rent in this area, salaries need to be somewhere between £85,000 and £170,000 depending on the number of bedrooms required For those able to pay in the middle price range for accommodation, Regent's Park might be a more suitable district (163 words) 29.00 …The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience Family type Proportion of people from each household type living in poverty single aged person 6% (54,000) aged couple 4% (48,000) single, no children 19% (359,000) couple, no children 7% (211,000) sole parent 21% (232,000) couple with children 12% (933,000) 11% (1,837,000) all households The table gives a breakdown of the different type of family who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999 On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people, were in this position However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost doubt this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%) It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time Older people were generally less likely to be poor, though once again the trend favoured eldery couples (only 4%) rather than single eldery people (6%) Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples (154 words) 30.00 The map below is of the town of Garlsdon A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west This site is in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking This would make it accessable to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car As it is also close to the railway line linking the who towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents Theorically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a notraffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages (179 words) 31.00… The table below shows CO2 emissions for different forms of transport in the European Union The Pie Chart shows the percentage of European Union funds being spent on different forms of transport Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience The chart shows CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre for variuos methods of transport in the European Union while the pie chart shows European Union spending on transport Flying by air produces by far the greatest CO2 emissions, approximately three times as much as passenger cars which are the next largest producers Very little is spent by the EU on air travel while roads make up more than half of the EU transport budget Trains produce about three times less CO2 emissions per passenger kilometre than passenger cars and eight times less than air travel Nearly a third of EU transport funds are spent on railways Ships are a clean form of transport and produce about the same amount of CO2 per passenger kilometre as trains However, only percent of EU funds are spent on ports A further one percent is spent on inland waterways Coaches are the cleanest form of transport Emissions of CO2 per passenger kilometre from coaches are half those of buses Buses emit less than half as much CO2 per passenger kilometre as cars The European Union spends 10 percent of its transport budget on public transport, such as buses and coaches (197 words) [...]... different language groups taking the IELTS General Test in 2010 Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Listening Reading Writing Speaking Overall German 6.8 6.3 6.6 6.9 6.7 French 6.3 6.1 6.5 6.6 6.5 Indonesian 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.7 6.3 Malay 6.2 6.4 6.0 6.6 6.4 The table illustrates the breakdown of scores for the IELTS General Test in 2010 It