Rudolphs pediatrics self assessment and board review, 22e (2014)

Rudolph’s PEDIATRICS 22ND EDITION SELF-ASSESSMENT AND BOARD REVIEW NOTICE Medicine is an ever-changing science As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained in this work Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs Rudolph’s PEDIATRICS 22ND EDITION SELF-ASSESSMENT AND BOARD REVIEW Editor Michael D Cabana, MD, MPH Professor of Pediatrics, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics Chief, Division of General Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies San Francisco, California Consulting Editors Hilary M Haftel, MD, MHPE Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Sunitha V Kaiser, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Julie Stein O’Brien, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher ISBN: 978-0-07-178110-7 MHID: 0-07-178110-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-178109-1, MHID: 0-07-178109-9 E-book conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a 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consent You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free Neither McGraw-Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise To Cewin, Alexandra, Abigail, Annie, and Binko —MDC To Mindy, Gene, George, and Georgia —JSO To Dan, Lirit, and Shoshana —HMH To Rao, Vasu, Scott, and Varun —SVK This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS 16 Musculoskeletal Disorders 280 Contributors ix Hilary M Haftel Foreword xv 17 Infectious Disease 294 Preface xvii Dylan C Kann, Duha Al-Zubeidi, Erica Pan, Sunitha V Kaiser, and Michael D Cabana Acknowledgments xix 18 Disorders of the Skin 335 Fundamentals of Pediatrics Erin F.D Mathes, Diana Camarillo, Ann L Marqueling, Vikash Oza, Julie C Philp, Deepti Gupta, and Barrett J Zlotoff Laura L Sisterhen, Natalie J Burman, and D Micah Hester Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 17 19 Disorders of the Ear, Nose, and Throat 368 Ada M Fenick Anna K Meyer and Kristina W Rosbe Nutrition 43 20 Disorders of the Oral Cavity 378 Michael D Cabana and Cewin Chao Susan Fisher-Owens and Michael D Cabana Abuse, Neglect, and Violence 55 21 Disorders of the GI Tract 386 Christopher C Stewart Kristin L Van Buren, Haley C Neef, and Eric H Chiou Newborn 65 22 Disorders of the Liver 418 W Christopher Golden, Elizabeth A Cristofalo, Bernadette A Hillman, and Colleen Hughes Driscoll Sarah Shrager Lusman and Haley C Neef 23 Disorders of the Blood 434 Principles of Adolescent Care 103 James Huang and Tannie Huang Lauren B Hartman and Sara M Buckelew 24 Neoplastic Disorders 462 Development and Behavior 122 Ashley Ward and Robert Goldsby Martin T Stein and Julie Stein O’Brien 25 Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract 480 The Acutely Ill Infant and Child 143 Kartik Pillutla and Erica Winnicki Christine S Cho, Jerusha Pearson-Lev, and Cornelia Latronica 26 Disorders of the Heart 493 The Chronically Ill Infant and Child 180 Alaina K Kipps and Laura A Robertson John I Takayama and Sunitha V Kaiser 27 Disorders of the Respiratory System 519 10 Transplantation 194 Amy G Filbrun, Danielle M Goetz, and Nanci Yuan Marie H Tanzer and David B Kershaw 28 Endocrinology 547 11 Disorders of Metabolism 202 Andrea K Goldyn and Todd D Nebesio Ayesha Ahmad 29 Neurology 571 12 Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology 220 Amy A Gelfand and Kendall B Nash Angela Scheuerle 30 Disorders of the Eyes 596 13 Immunologic Disorders 237 Lance M Siegel and Tina Rutar Hilary M Haftel 14 Allergic Disorders 245 Index 617 Alan P Baptist and Aimee Leyton Speck 15 Rheumatologic Disorders 262 Hilary M Haftel vii This page intentionally left blank CONTRIBUTORS Ayesha Ahmad, MBBS Diana Camarillo, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Division of Genetics University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan Chapter 11 Pediatric Dermatology Fellow Department of Dermatology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Chapter 18 Duha Al-Zubeidi, MD Cewin Chao, MS, RD, MBA Pediatric Infectious Diseases Fellos Department of Pediatrics Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, Missouri Chapter 17 Director, CTSI Bionutrition Core Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Chapter Alan P Baptist, MD, MPH Eric H Chiou, MD Assistant Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology University of Michigan School of Medicine Ann Arbor, Michigan Chapter 14 Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas Chapter 21 Sara M Buckelew, MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Chapter Christine S Cho, MD, MPH, MEd Associate Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Chapter Elizabeth A Cristofalo, MD, MPH Kristin L Van Buren, MD Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Chapter Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas Chapter 21 Colleen Hughes Driscoll, MD Natalie J Burman, DO, MA Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Chapter Instructor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California Chapter Ada M Fenick, MD Michael D Cabana, MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics Yale School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Chapter Professor of Pediatrics, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics Chief, Division of General Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics University of California, San Francisco UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies San Francisco, California Chapters 3, 17, and 20 ix