[...]... tissue, specialized connective tissues (cartilage and bone), muscle, and nerve Organ biology includes separate chapters on respiratory, integumentary (skin), digestive (tract and associated glands), endocrine, urinary, and male and female reproductive systems, as well as the eye and the ear The topics in tissue and organ histology and cell biology include light and electron microscopic micrographs of appropriate... trilaminar embryo, and overviews of the embryonic and fetal periods This first section is followed by a review of basic cell biology, with separate chapters on membranes, cytoplasm, intracellular trafficking, and the nucleus There are questions included to review the basics of mitosis and meiosis as well as regulation of cell cycle events Tissue biology is the third section of the book, and it encompasses... vesicle docks 15 16 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology with t-SNARE on the cell membrane and requires Rab GTPase-activity, linking to tethering proteins, and eventually to a receptor protein in the cell membrane Receptor-mediated endocytosis is the process that permits selective uptake of molecules into the cell using clathrin-coated pits and vesicles Molecules not recycled to the cell membrane enter... retardation, characteristic facial dysmorphology and neurodevelopmental abnormalities Alcohol rapidly crosses the placenta and the fetal blood-brain barrier Damage is dependent on gestational age, alcohol dosage, and pattern of maternal alochol abuse Altered neural crest cell migration, differentiation and programmed cell death 6 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology (apoptosis) are hypothesized mechanisms... Extremities and Spine Questions 559 Answers 588 Bibliography 605 Index 607 Preface In this 3rd edition of Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology: PreTest Self-Assessment and Review, a significant number of changes and improvements... for terms of use This page intentionally left blank Introduction Each PreTest Self-Assessment and Review allows medical students to comprehensively and conveniently assess and review their knowledge of a particular medical school discipline, in this instance anatomy and cell biology The 500 questions parallel the format and degree of difficulty of the questions found on the United States Medical Licensing... secretory granule) surrounding the nuclear material and grow a tail 1 Copyright © 2007 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc Click here for terms of use 2 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology Oogenesis Oogenesis begins in the fetal period in females and is a discontinuous process involving mitosis, meiosis, and maturation Oogonia undergo mitotic division and duplicate their DNA to form primary oocytes, but... tissue Cartilage and bone Blood cells (red and white) All muscle types: Cardiac, skeletal, smooth Body cavities Epithelial linings of: Some organs: Cardiovascular system Reproductive and urinary systems (most parts) *Pharyngeal derivatives: palatine tonsils, thymus, thyroid, parathyroids † Some connective tissue in the head are derived from neural crest 4 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology Ectoderm... well as those students in discipline-based programs of study The sections on cell biology and microscopic anatomy have been updated to include important new knowledge in Cell and Tissue Biology There is also a greater focus on clinically-related questions, problems, and scenarios New and improved light micrographs have been added and matching questions have been eliminated in favor of multiple-choice questions... cords and the germ cells occurs The Sry gene on the Y chromosome directs the differentiation of the medullary sex cords into testes If this gene is not present, the cortical sex cords will develop as ovaries 12 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology Sertoli cells produce Müllerian inhibiting substance which causes the apoptosis of paramesonephric (Müllerian) duct structures in the male fetus Leydig cells . alt="" Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology PreTest TM Self-Assessment and Review Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical. infre- quently used drugs. Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology PreTest TM Self-Assessment and Review Third Edition Robert M. Klein, PhD Professor and Associate Dean Professional