THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE

A LOOK AT THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotes a.k.a Monerans •Prokaryotic •Unicellular •Mostly heterotrophs, but some are autotrophs (Cyanobacteria) •Divide by binary fission •Complex cell walls •Include Eubacteria and Archaebacteria •Some put Archaebacteria in separate kingdom because they live in extreme environments and are chemoautotrophs Protists •Eukaryotic •Uni- and multicellular forms •Both heterotrophic (protozoa) and autotrophic forms (algae) •Most live in water •Dumping ground of classification •Examples: Paramecia, Amoeba, Dinoflagellates, diatoms, red and green algae Fungi •Eukaryotic •Generally multicellular (yeast is unicellular) •Heterotrophic •Cell walls made of chitin •Form thread-like strands called hyphae •Externally digest food; secrete enzymes and absorb nutrients Examples: mushrooms, athlete’s foot, yeast Plants •Eukaryotic •Autotrophic, use photosynthesis (contain chlorophyll •Multicellular •Cell walls made of cellulose •Large central vacuole •Examples: mosses, ferns, conifers, angiosperms Animals •Eukaryotic •Multicellular •No cell wall •Heterotrophs •Internal digestion •Motile •Mostly sexual reproduction •Examples: sponges, jellyfish, worms, mollusks, arthropods, fish, humans Kingdoms and Domains The three-domain Bacteria Archaea system Eukarya The six-kingdom system Bacteria Archaea Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia The traditional five-kingdomsystem Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia ... arthropods, fish, humans Kingdoms and Domains The three-domain Bacteria Archaea system Eukarya The six-kingdom system Bacteria Archaea Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia The traditional five-kingdomsystem... athlete’s foot, yeast Plants •Eukaryotic •Autotrophic, use photosynthesis (contain chlorophyll •Multicellular •Cell walls made of cellulose •Large central vacuole •Examples: mosses, ferns, conifers,... (protozoa) and autotrophic forms (algae) •Most live in water •Dumping ground of classification •Examples: Paramecia, Amoeba, Dinoflagellates, diatoms, red and green algae Fungi •Eukaryotic •Generally