Adverb clauses I Join a statement with an adverb clause of purpose Jim studies business a so that he wouldn't get wet Ruth studied architecture b in order that I can lose ten pounds John wore a raincoat c so that he could work for his father I eat fibre regularly d so that he might win the race She took her kids to the babysitter e so that I can't buy any junk food I helped my brother train f so that my cholesterol level will not increase I will join a diet center g in order that she could design the house of her dream I will only shop when I am not hungry h so that she could have some free time II Fill in the blank with CAN, COULD, WILL or WOULD He wanted to become an engineer so that he earn a lot of money She became a doctor so that she help people A bird protects its nest so that none of the chicks get hurt Linda will eliminate sugar from her diet in order that she lose some weights Farmers dry fruits and vegetables in order that they have something to eat in the winter Mark studied hard so that he get an A II Change phrases of purpose to clauses of purpose or vice versa We hurry to school so as not to be late He climbed the tree in order to get a better view You should get up early so that you will have time to review your lesson Some young people like to earn their own living in order that they will be independent of their parents We should morning exercise regularly so as to improve our health We should take advantage of the scientific achievements of the world so that we can develop our national economy Every body in the world must unite their efforts to maintain and protect peace She put on warm clothes so that we couldn't catch cold He hurried to the station so as not to miss the train 10 She locked the door so as not to be disturbed II Rewrite the following sentences Sue went shopping so she could buy herself a new TV.( TO BUY) I put the food in the fridge because I wanted it to get cold (SO) Harry left early because she didn't want to miss the bus ( SO AS) I saved up some money to buy a motorbike.( COULD) Jane gave up smoking because she wanted to save money (ORDER) I came here so that I could see her.(TO) I picked up the vase carefully so as not to break it.(WOULDN'T) We put up a fence to prevent the rabbit escaping.(could) I Circle the best answer I don't think our daughter is to understand this matter A too young B is such young C not enough old D not age enough Mrs Harrison is he owns many palaces A so a rich man that B such an rich man that C such a rich man that D that so rich a man The ceiling is A too high for me to reach B to high for me to reach it C so high for me reaching D enough high for me reaching The woman was so beautiful A that I couldn't help looking at her B that I couldn't help looking at her C for me looking at her D that for me to look at It is that I would like to go to the beach A such a nice weather B too nice weather C such nice weather D such weather nice These are that I can't finish them A a such long assignments B such long assignments C such a long assignments D too long assignments He I was scared S drove too fast that B drove so fast that C drove so fastly that D drove such fast that It is to go swimming A too cold B so cold C such a cold D enough cold that Jane is to this exercise A no intelligent enough B not intelligent enough C not enough intelligent D so intelligent enough 10 The bed is not clean enough A to lie in it B to lie in C for lying in D in which to lie 11 The piano was too heavy A for nobody to move B for nobody moving C for anyone to move D for anyone to moving 12 Have you got for everybody? A enough food B food enough C too food D so food 13 to go to the cinema A It was so late that B That it was late C It was too late D Such too late 14 We don't to go there now A have time enough B enough time C have too time D have enough time 15 there in time, we must start now A Be B Being C To be D Is 16 He often listen to music after work relax A to B in C for D on 17 Mary jogs every day lose weight A so she can B so that she can C because she can D so that to II Choose the correct sentence which has the same meaning as the given one I tried to eat the cake, but it was too sweet A It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it B It was so sweet cake that I couldn't eat it C The cake was too sweet that I couldn't eat it D The cake was very sweet that I couldn't eat it The garden is too small to play football in A The garden is so small not to play football in B The garden is small enough to play football in C The garden isn't big enough to play football in D The garden is such small that they can't play football in We couldn't go out because the weather was so bad A It was so bad a weather that we couldn't go out B It was such a bad weather that we couldn't go out C It was so bad weather that we couldn't go out D It was such bad weather that we couldn't go out He could not afford to buy the car A The car was too expensive that he couldn't buy it B The car was too expensive for him not to buy it C The car was too expensive for him to buy it D The car was so expensive that he couldn't buy it This office is too small for four people A This office is very small for four people B This office isn't big enough for four people C This office is so small to have four people D This office isn't enough big for four people The car was so rusty that it couldn't be repaired A The car was too rusty to be repaired B The car was very rusty to repair C It was late for the car to be repaired D The car needs repairing 7.The play was so boring that we left in the interval A The play was very boring for us to leave in the interval B It was such a boring play that we left in the interval C The play was too boring for us to leave in the interval D It was so boring play that we left in the interval They left early because they didn't want to get caught in the traffic A They left early so that not to get caught in the traffic B They left early to avoid getting caught in the traffic C They left early so as to not get caught in the traffic D They left early in order to not get caught in the traffic He is saving up some money to buy a TV A He is saving up some money so that he could buy a TV B He is saving up some money so that he can buy a TV C He is saving up some money so that he can buy it D He is saving up some money because he wanted to buy a car RELATIVE CLAUSES – PARTICIPIAL PHRASES Defining relative clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định or giới hạn) : đứng sau danh từ chưa xác định cụ thể, làm rõ nghĩa danh từ Ex This is the student who comes from HCM city Non-defining relative clauses (Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định or không giới hạn) : đứng sau danh từ xác định cụ thể, bổ sung thông tin cho danh từ đó; tách khỏi mệnh đề or dấu phẩy Ex This is Lan, who comes from HCM city Notes: Danh từ xác định : tên riêng, Danh từ kèm với THIS/ THAT…/ MY/ HIS… or nhóm giới từ (The man with glasses, The house at the end of the street…) Relative clauses following prepositions (Mệnh đề quan hệ theo sau giới từ) Ex This is the person I have talked to him This is the person to whom I have talked.( = This is the person whom I have talked to ) A PARTICIPIAL PHRASES : (Present participle & past participle) - dùng để nối câu có chủ ngữ - dùng để rút gọn Relative clauses , Time clauses - dùng chức adjectives Present participle (VERB-ING): - mang nghĩa chủ động Ex The boy failed the exam He was really disappointed Failing the exam, the boy was really disappointed Ex After I had finished the course, I worked for that company After having finished the course, I worked … Ex The man who called you this morning -> The man calling you this morning is Mr Lam is … Past participle (V-ed / pp) : - có nghĩa bị động Ex They were punished by the the teacher They looked unhappy Punished by the teacher, they looked unhappy Ex The man who was invited to the party is Mr Lam The man invited to the party is Mr Lam Adverb clauses and of Reason/ Cause ( Menh de or nhom tu chi nguyen nhan, li ) clauses: because, since, as, now that EX: Because/ As/ Since I am the oldest daughter in my family, I take the responsibility for taking after my younger brothers Maybe you can help me, since you are always better at making decision phrases: because of / on account of/ owing to + V-ing / Noun EX: Because of being the oldest daughter in my family, I am responsible for looking after my younger brothers He had to stay home because of his illness Adverb clauses and phrases of Concession ( chi su nhuong bo) clauses : although, though, even though, no matter how + adj /adv, no matter what EX : Although we have seen each other only twice in the past , you are still my very best friend No matter how hard he tried, he couldn't get his parents' permission to marry that girl phrases: in spite of, despite EX: In spite of the rain, the boys continued playing football He was sacked despite working very hard ... clauses following prepositions (Mệnh đề quan hệ theo sau giới từ) Ex This is the person I have talked to him This is the person to whom I have talked.( = This is the person whom I have talked to... buy it This office is too small for four people A This office is very small for four people B This office isn't big enough for four people C This office is so small to have four people D This office... He is saving up some money to buy a TV A He is saving up some money so that he could buy a TV B He is saving up some money so that he can buy a TV C He is saving up some money so that he can buy