Proceedings of the symposium on coastal oceanography and littoral warfare

About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution i Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal Oceanography and Littoral Warfare About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution ii About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution iii PROCEEDINGS OF SYMPOSIUM ON COASTAL OCEANOGRAPHY AND LITTORAL WARFARE (Unclassified Summary) Fleet Combat Training Center Tactical Training Group, Pacific San Diego, CA August 2-5, 1993 Navy Committee Ocean Studies Board National Research Council About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution iv NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W Washington, DC 20418 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine The members of the panel responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters Dr Bruce Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers Dr Robert M White is president of the National Academy of Engineering The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education Dr Kenneth I Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government Functioning in accordance with the general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine Dr Bruce Alberts and Dr Robert M White are chairman and vice-chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council The work was sponsored by the U.S Department of Defense under Grant No N00014-92-J-1636 Such support does not constitute an endorsement of the views in this report by the sponsors Copies of this report are available from Ocean Studies Board National Research Council 2101 Constitution Ave., NW Washington, DC 20418 Copyright 1994 by the National Academy of Sciences All rights reserved Cover art by Terry Parmelee, a Washington, D.C artist represented by the Jane Haslem Gallery in Washington, D.C Printed in the United States of America About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution v NAVY COMMITTEE Kenneth Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, Chairman Robert Cannon, Jr., Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA Robert Detrick, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA Eileen Hofmann, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA William Kuperman, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA Arthur R M Nowell, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Project Staff Mary Hope Katsouros, Study Director Stewart B Nelson, Consultant Mary Pechacek, Project Assistant About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution vi OCEAN STUDIES BOARD William Merrell, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX, Chairman Robert Berner, Yale University, New Haven, CT Donald Boesch, University of Maryland, Cambridge, MD Kenneth Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA Gerald A Cann, Independent Consultant, Rockville, MD Robert Cannon, Stanford University, Stanford, CA Biliana Cicin-Sain, University of Delaware, Newark, DE William Curry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA Rana Fine, University of Miami, Miami, FL John E Flipse, Texas A&M University (ret.), Georgetown, SC Michael Freilich, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR Gordon Greve, Amoco Production Company, Houston, TX Robert Knox, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA Arthur Nowell, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Peter Rhines, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Frank Richter, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL Brian Rothschild, University of Maryland, Solomons, MD Thomas C Royer, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK Lynda Shapiro, University of Oregon, Charleston, OR Sharon Smith, University of Miami, Miami, FL Paul Stoffa, University of Texas, Austin, TX Staff Mary Hope Katsouros, Director Edward R Urban, Jr., Staff Officer Robin Peuser, Research Associate David Wilmot, Research Associate Mary Pechacek, Administrative Associate LaVoncyé Mallory, Senior Secretary Curtis Taylor, Office Assistant Stewart B Nelson, Consultant About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution vii COMMISSION ON GEOSCIENCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND RESOURCES M Gordon Wolman, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Chairman Patrick R Atkins, Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, PA Edith Brown Weiss, Georgetown University Law Center, Washington, DC Peter S Eagleson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Edward A Frieman, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA W Barclay Kamb, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA Jack E Oliver, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Frank L Parker, Vanderbilt/Clemson University, Nashville, TN Raymond A Price, Queen's University at Kingston, Canada Thomas C Schelling, University of Maryland, College Park, MD Larry L Smarr, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL Steven M Stanley, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Victoria J Tschinkel, Landers and Parsons, Tallahassee, FL Warren Washington, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO Staff Stephen Rattien, Executive Director Stephen D Parker, Associate Executive Director Morgan Gopnik, Assistant Executive Director Jeanette Spoon, Administrative Officer Sandi Fitzpatrick, Administrative Associate Robin L Allen, Senior Project Assistant About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution viii About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution CONTENTS A B C ix CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES WORKING GROUP SUMMARIES Harbors and Approaches Straits and Archipelagoes Surf Zone Continental Shelf 11 26 30 37 APPENDIXES Symposium Program Symposium Attendees List of Acronyms 49 51 59 65 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX A 54 Tuesday, August 0900-0945 0945-1030 1030-1100 1100-1145 1145-1315 1315-1345 1345-1415 1415-1445 1445-1600 1600 1630-1830 1830 The New Threat - Regional Instabilities COL Michael Patrow, USMC, Office of Chief of Naval Operations Mine Warfare - WWII to Present Dr T Moser Melia, The Naval War College Break Mine Warfare in the Persian Gulf CAPT F West, Jr., USN (Ret.) Speaker and Lunch “Focus and Needs in Naval Special Warfare” CAPT R C Mabry, Commander, Naval Special Warfare Group One PLENARY SESSION II Joint Littoral Warfare Moderator: Dr Curtis Collins Oceanographic Support of Littoral Warfare RADM Geoffrey Chesbrough, Oceanographer of the Navy Environmental Parameters for Mine Countermeasures CAPT F West, Jr., USN (Ret.) Break The Role of Ocean Science and Technology in the Navy of Today and the Future Dr Arthur Bisson, ONR Dr Bruce Robinson, ONR Mr Robert Winokur, Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy Buses Depart TTG for Reception at Submarine Base Officers' Club (“Ocean View”) Reception/Submarine Tours Buses Depart Officers' Club for Sheraton and BOQ About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX A 55 Wednesday, August 0700 Buses Depart Sheraton Harbor Island (East Tower) and Admiral Kidd BOQ 0730-0800 Continental Breakfast PLENARY SESSION III The State of Science, Technology and Environmental Data Bases Moderator: Dr Kenneth Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic institution 0800-0900 Overview of Inner Shelf Dynamics Dr Robert Guza, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Dr Steven Lentz, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 0900-1000 Coastal Modeling Dr John Allen, Oregon State University 1000-1030 Break 1030-1100 Ocean Prediction System Dr Kenneth Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 1100-1145 Navy Environmental Data Bases, Coastal Modeling, and Operational Support CDR David Martin, Naval Oceanographic Office 1145-1315 Speaker and Lunch “Technology and State of Mine Warfare” RADM John Pearson, Commander, Mine Warfare Command 1315-1630 WORKING GROUPS (Concurrent) • • • • 1630 1700 Harbors & Approaches Straits & Archipelagoes Surf Zone Shelves Working groups will discuss science and technology/R&D aspects of the three fold process of detection, localization and neutralization of targets within the four environments Working groups will also discuss how each environment requires special handling, special sensors and specific equipment to meet the littoral warfare challenge expeditiously A formatted set of questions will be provided to working group chairs Buses Depart TTG for Naval Air Station, North Island Officers' Club (“Island Club”) Aircraft Displays and Aircraft Trainer Demonstrations About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution 56 APPENDIX A 1830 2100 Reception/Dinner at “Island Club” Buses Depart Officers' Club for Sheraton and BOQ Thursday, August 0700 Buses Depart Sheraton Harbor Island (East Tower) and Admiral Kidd BOQ 0730-0800 Continental Breakfast 0800-1145 WORKING GROUPS Reconvene (Concurrent) 1145-1315 Demonstration and Lunch “Tactical Decision Aid” 1315-1515 PLENARY SESSION IV Presentations by Working Group Chairs Moderators: Dr James Andrews and Dr Kenneth Brink 1515-1545 Break 1545-1715 Navy Panel Mr Robert Feden, Office of Naval Research CAPT F West, Jr., USN (Ret.) Dr William Moseley, Naval Research Laboratory Dr Steven Ramberg, Office of Naval Research 1715-1730 Closing Remarks Dr James Andrews Dr Kenneth Brink 1730 Adjourn Buses Depart TTG for Sheraton and BOQ 1730 NOTES: 1) This symposium is an invitation-only event For information call: Mary Hope Katsouros or Mary Pechacek, NAS Ocean Studies Board, (202) 334-2714 2) Unless otherwise noted in the program, all activities will be held at the Tactical Training Group (TTG), Pacific TTG, Pacific telephone numbers are a) Voice: 619-553-8341 or 8337 b) FAX: 619-225-9449 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX A 3) TTG Pacific is a secure facility with very limited and restricted parking All symposium attendees are encouraged to use the shuttle buses 4) The Littoral Wargame on Monday, August 2, is limited to 50 selected participants 5) Symposium registration fee is $125, payable to the “National Academy of Sciences/Ocean Studies Board.” Advance payment is appreciated 6) Symposium Steering Group: Ocean Studies Board Dr Kenneth Brink, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Dr Stewart Nelson (Consultant) Office of Naval Research Dr James Andrews Dr Thomas Kinder CDR Peter DeVries Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy Mr Robert Winokur CAPT Dieter Rudolph Mr Philip Vinson ENS Cynthia Viernes 7) Uniform for military personnel is khakis 57 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX A 58 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX B 59 APPENDIX B SYMPOSIUM ATTENDEES Last Name Allen Andrews Arends Bacon Balon Barth Bassett Benz Bisson Boesch Bonnstetter Bradley Brand Brink Brown Campbell Case Cassady Cataldo Chave Chesbrough Ching Chubb Church Clark First John S James E Christopher Jeffrey L Michael J John A Robert M Raymond Arthur E Donald F Terrence J Mohsen Sampson Kenneth Brian B Colin L James F John M Edmund F Allan D Geoffrey Wallace K.L John E John C Robert L Title Dr SES LTJG LCDR LT Dr LCDR Dr Dr LT Dr LT Dr LtCol Dr RADM RADM LCDR CDR Company/Activity Oregon State University Office of Naval Research Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Mine Warfare Command Oregon State University Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Naval Special Warfare Command Office of Naval Research University of Maryland U.S Naval Reserve Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego University of California, Santa Barbara Surface Warfare Development Center SONALYSTS, Inc Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Chief of Naval Operations, N096 Office of Naval Research Commander, Naval Oceanography Command Naval Research Laboratory Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX B Clendening Coble Costa Cote Culver Dalrymple DeVries Delgado-Medina Dewar Dimento Douglas Dunn Elgar Feden Fisher Freilich Frieman Gaines Garrett Gilbert Gilroy Goodman Gottshall Gregg Guza Hale Hall Harding Hawkins Hayes Heburn Henrichs Hickey Hill Hillyer Hinchey 60 Michael Paula G Daniel P Johanne L Richard L Robert A Peter J., Jr Mario J William K John Brenton L Stanley E Stephen L Robert Alvan Michael H Edward A William A J.C Kenneth E Michael J Louis Eric L Michael C Robert T Kevin R Adron F John M Harold L Richard M George W Susan M Christopher Paul Richard S Patricia S LCDR Dr Dr LT Dr CDR AGCM Dr LT Dr Dr Dr Dr CAPT COL Dr LCDR Dr Dr CAPT Dr Dr CAPT Naval Oceanography Command University of South Florida Office of Naval Research Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Penn State University, APL University of Delaware Office of Naval Research Naval Oceanography Command Facility, San Diego Florida State University Naval Oceanography Command University of California, Santa Barbara Florida Atlantic University Washington State University Office of Naval Research Naval Research and Development Oregon State University Scripps Institution of Oceanography Scripps Institution of Oceanography USMC Camp Pendleton, CA Pennsylvania State University Submarine Group One Office of Naval Research Tactical Training Group, Pacific University of Washington Scripps Institution of Oceanography National Research Council Naval Oceanographic Office Naval Research Laboratory Office of Naval Research Chief of Naval Operations U.S Naval Reserve University of Alaska Marine Corps Intelligence Act Dalhousie University Space and Warfare Systems Command SONALYSTS, Inc About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX B Holman Houston Howard Howd Hsueh Jackson Jay Jenkins Jumars Kalcic Kammerer Katsouros Kendall Kinder Kuperman Lee Lentz Luettich Lynch Mabry Mango Markham Martin Martin Mauck McCluskey McDonnell Melia Miles Miller Morrison Morrison Negron Nelson Nelson Oltman-Shay Orcutt 61 Robert A Brian H Michael D Peter A Ya George A David A Scott A Peter A Maria T John G Mary Hope Robert L Thomas H William A Hau Steven J R A., Jr James F Robert C Stephen A David G David L Sanford M Charles J William J Sheila L Tamara A M Ronald Carl W John M Michael F Anthony J Stewart B Joan M John Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr Dr CAPT CDR CDR CAPT Dr LCDR Dr Oregon State University Naval Research Laboratory Marine Corps Intelligence Act Duke University Florida State University Texas A&M University University of Washington Office of Naval Research University of Washington Naval Research Laboratory Naval Surface Force, Pacific National Research Council U.S Naval Reserve Office of Naval Reserve Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, Santa Barbara Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution University of North Carolina Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Special Warfare Group One Fleet ASW Training Center Space and Warfare Systems Command Naval Oceanographic Office Coastal Systems Station U.S Naval Reserve Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory The Naval War College NRL Det., Stennis Space Ctr Naval Oceanography Command Naval Air Warfare Center Naval Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Center Naval Special Warfare Command Marine Expeditionary Force National Research Council Northwest Research Associates Scripps Institution of Oceanography About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX B Orr Pastore Patrow Patterson Pearson Pechacek Ramberg Ramsdale Ranelli Richardson Richter Robinson Robinson Roth Sawin Schaeffer Schroeder Sheridan Simmons Spaulding Spinelli Spinrad Stern Streed Suender Thornton Tiedeman Tooma Van Norden Viernes Vincent Vinson Weinstein Weller 62 Marshall H Michael Michael Wayne L J D Mary C Steven E Dan J Peter H Michael D Juergen H Bruce B Russell H Julie K R M Henry J William W Timothy F Richard H Malcolm L Julia M Richard W Richard D H Gary E Edward B Paul R Samuel G Maxim F Cynthia D Charles L Philip S Alan Dr COL RADM CDR Dr Dr LCDR LTJG LT Dr Dr LT LCDR QM2 ENS Dr Dr Naval Research Laboratory Naval Research Laboratory Chief of Naval Operations (N085) Naval Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Center COMINEWARCOM National Research Council Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command Naval Research Laboratory Naval Command, Control & Ocean Surveillance Center Office of Naval Research COMSUBFORCE Pacific Fleet Naval Oceanography Command Facility Marine Expeditionary Force SONALYSTS, Inc Naval Research Laboratory Office of Naval Research Naval Oceanographic Office Naval Research Laboratory Naval Oceanography Command Office of Naval Research Penn State - Applied Physics Lab Patrol Wings, U.S Pacific Fleet Naval Oceanography Command Facility Naval Post Graduate School PEO (USW/ASTO) Undersea Warfare Naval Research Laboratory Naval Oceanographic Office Chief of Naval Operations (N096) U.S Army Waterways Experiment Station Chief of Naval Operations (N096) Office of Naval Research About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX B Wenzel West Wheatcroft Winokur Yamamoto Zankofski 63 Diana B F G., Jr Robert A Robert S Tokuo Deborah A CAPT Dr Dr LCDR Naval Western Oceanography Center National Research Council Naval Research Laboratory Chief of Naval Operations (N096) University of Miami Defense Mapping Agency About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX C 64 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX C 65 APPENDIX C LIST OF ACRONYMS ADCP AO ASW AUV CMW EM GFMPL IREP kHz MCM MTEDS NAVO NODDS NSW SeaWiFS SDV SF XCP acoustic Doppler current profiler amphibious operations antisubmarine warfare autonomous underwater vehicle counter-mine warfare electromagnetic Geophysical Fleet Mission Program Library Interactive Refractivity Environmental Prediction System kilohertz (cycles per second) mine countermeasures mine warfare tactical environmental display system Naval Oceanographic Office Naval Oceanographic Data Distribution System Naval Special Warfare Sea-Viewing Wide Field Sensor swimmer delivery vehicle special forces expendible current profiler About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX C 66 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX C 67 About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files Page breaks are true to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution APPENDIX C 68 NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS The National Academy Press was created by the National Academy of Sciences to publish the reports issued by the Academy and by the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council, all operating under the charter granted to the National Academy of Sciences by the Congress of the United States [...]... retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 7 changes in the international arena The discussion included a summary of the Navy reorganization to sustain the new focus on littoral warfare, a definition of expeditionary warfare, a review of the threats... determining the features of interest to naval operations Estuaries are the part of the marine environment that is most accessible and susceptible to human manipulation The direct effect of harbor dredging and construction in the form of jetties, channels, and breakwaters on tidal properties is the most obvious type of alteration Entering the Columbia River (once the “graveyard of the Pacific”) through the. .. regime The symposium was preceded by a simulation of a warfare situation in the littoral zone (war game) Fifty academic and military personnel participated in the war game Staff from the Tactical Department of the Training Center interacted with war game participants for one day, with the goal of emphasizing the decisions that are forced upon commanders by rapidly changing littoral environmental conditions... poorly known, and inaccessible systems of the world Coordination with other programs that seek systems-level understanding of estuarine and coastal environments would also likely be productive These include the Land Margin Ecosystem Research program funded by the National Science Foundation and the upcoming Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) initiative of the International Geosphere-Biosphere... discussions during the remaining sessions of the symposium The symposium began with a number of introductory presentations to prepare symposium participants for subsequent discussions RADM John Chubb (Commander, Naval Oceanography Command) provided an overview of the challenge of collecting and analyzing data in the littoral environment (from the shelf break to the surf zone and beyond) to provide useful... rather than on the long-term disposition of the materials in question Investigations of scalar transport have focused on the relationship between wave transport of scalar wave variations (e.g., at the dominant tidal frequency) and the Stokes drift transport of the scalar mean field These studies have shown that the frequencies at which transport occurs are strongly dependent on the scalar in question... Board, and was jointly supported by the Oceanographer of the Navy and the Chief of Naval Research The Navy's new focus is on the littoral regime, examined herein as four subdivisions: harbors and approaches, straits and archipelagoes, the surf zone, and the continental shelf Symposium participants discussed the meteorological and oceanographic forcing factors that have an impact on military operations The. .. demands long-term commitment to research and development, acquisition, threat assessments, tactical and operational analysis, training, education, and realistic fleet exercises On August 2-5, 1993, the third in a series of classified symposia on tactical oceanography was held, with a focus on coastal oceanography and littoral warfare The symposium was organized by the Navy Committee of the National... heavily on the deposition and erosion properties of sediment grains and aggregates Aside from the influence of sediment stratification on turbulent mixing, little attention has been paid to the effects of circulation nonlinearities on the fate of sediments Oil spill models are highly specific to petroleum products Other pollutant transport investigations have tended to focus on the initial dispersion of. .. Bay); and (3) the estuarine plume outflow area, usually into an open coastal environment, where buoyancy-driven flows and stratification have a major influence on circulation and sedimentation processes (e.g., the mouth of the Amazon) These additions reflect both operational needs and the research methodology of the estuarine oceanography community There are undoubtedly some harbors (e.g., on arid islands) ... use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES the Navy and the Chief of Naval Research The Navy's new focus is on the littoral. .. sediment concentration The rheology of liquid mud (a nonNewtonian fluid), the erosion and deposition properties of cohesive sediments, and the kinetics of particle aggregation as a function of shear,... view of the environment is needed On the other hand, for longer-term planning, an understanding of the evolution of the nearshore system, including the coupling between waves, currents, and bathymetry,