LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa (free)

LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa LOVEBOOK công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa

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tr

Nhfl XU AT BANDAI HOC QUbC GIA HA NOI

Trang 2

HOANG DINH QUANG

S Danh cho on thi tot nghiep, dai hoc va cao dang

S Danh cho on thi hoc sinh gioi lop 12

S Dung lam tai lieu tham khao giang day cho cac giao vien.

Trang 3

Cuonsachdupechialamcacphansau:

TrangVI

TrangVII-VIII:Lo-i mo- dau

Trang XI-X :Huongdinsirdung sach

Phan 1 Phircmg phapgiaihoa

Trang11-37 :Phiro-ngphapsodem

Trang 38-66 :Phircmgphaptrungblnh

Trang 67-87 :Phircmgphap baotoankhoilupng

Trang88-118:Phircmgphdpb§o toanelectron (ccr banvamcrrong)

Phan2 Motsodangbai kho

Trang 119-138:Chuyen de 1: Viet dongphancuahopchat him

co-Trang139-156: Chuyende2:Sirdien phan

Trang157-177:Baitoan1:Al,Zn vahop chatcuaAI, Zntacdungvoidung dich kiem

Trang178-179:Bai toan2:Bai toai suekhlC02vao dung djehchiraOH-vaCa2+

Trangl80-181:Baitoan3: Nhd dung dichH+vaodung djeh difraHCO3 v&CO|_

Trang182-186:Baitoan4:Baitoanvetoedo phan ung

Trang187-196:B&itoan4: Baitoanvdcanbanghoa hoc

Phan3.Motso meogiii hoa

Trang 197-198:Meoso1: Phirong phap chan hai dau

Trang199-200:Meo so2: Sir dungphircmg trinh phan ung

Trang201-206:Meo so3:Sir dungcongthu-cnCo2 - nHz0= (a-l)nx

Trang207-210: PhuIuc phan3:Motsophircmgphapvietphiro'ng trinh hoa hoc

Phan 4 TonghopKthuyet

Trang 211-258: Hoavoca

Trang 211-213: B&i 1: Niter

Trang214-215:Bai2:Amoniac

Trang 216-223:Bai 3: Muoi amoni

Trang 224-225: Bai 4:Axit nitric

Trang 226-233:Bai5:Muoinitrat

Trang 234-239:Bai 6:Photpho

Trang 240-241:Bai7: Axitphotphoric

Trang242-243:Bai8:Muoi photphat

Trang 244-248:Bai9:Phan bon hoa hoc

Trang 249-250:Bai 10:Cacbon

Trang251-252:Bai11.Cacbonmonooxit

Trang253-254:Bai12:Cacbondioxit

Trang 255-256:Bai 13:Muoicacbonat

Trang257-257:Bai 14:Silic

Trang 258-258:Bai 15:HopchatcuaSilic

Trang259-428:Hoa h£ruca

Trang259-260: Bai1:Hopchat himccr

Trang261-270: Bai 2: Ankan

Trang 271-276:Bai 3:Xicloankan

Trang 277-281: Bai 4: Anken

Trang282-283:Bai5: Ankadien

Trang 284-285:Bai 6:Ankin

Trang286-287: Bai7:Aren

Trang287-289: Bai 8: Stiren

TiTi

TrTrPh

TrTrTrTnTr:

Tr; :

Trang 4

Trang 290-291:Bai 9:Dinxuathalogen

Trang292-296:Bai 10:Ancol

Trang297-298:Bai11: Phenol

Trang 299-305: Bai 12: Andehit vaXeton

Trang 306-321:Bai 13:Axitcacboxylic

Trang321-328: Bai14: Este

Trang329 -329: Bail5:Lipit

Trang330-335:Bai16: Chatbeo

Trang 336-342:Bai 17: Chat giat rCra

Trang 343-343:Bai 18:Cacbohidrat

Trang 344-348:Bai 19:Glucozo

Trang349-365:Bai 20:Fructozo

Trang366-368:Bai21:Saccarozo

Trang 369-374: Bai22:Mantozo

Trang375-376:Bai23:Tinhb6t

Trang377-381:Bai24: Xenlulozo

Trang382-389:Bai25: Amin

Trang390-403:Bai 26:Amino axit

Trang 404-406:Bai27:Peptit

Trang407-423:Bai28:Protein

Trang424-428:Bai 29:Polime

Trang 429-508:Daiciro'ngkimloaivaday dien hoa

Trang 429-434:Bai 1:Daicu,o,ngvekimloai

Trang 435-443:Bai2:Hopkim

Trang444-451:Bai 3: Daydi§nhoacuakim loai

Trang 452-461:Bai 4:Siranmonkim loai

Trang462-465: Bai 5:Dieuche kim loai

Trang 466-468:Bai 6:Nhomcackimloai kiem

Trang 469-470: Bai7: M6tsohop chatquantrongcdakimloai kiem

Trang471-473:Bai8:Kim loai kiem tho

Trang 474-481: Bai 9:Motsohop chat quantrongcda kim loai kiem tho

Trang482-484: Bai10:Nhom

Trang 485-485: Bai11: Kern

Trang486-491: Bai12:Sat

Trang492-508: Bai 13:Crom

Phan5: Betirluyln

Trang 658-662: Bedai hoc A-2014 (das£ra dpi)

Trang 680-683: Bedai hoc B-2014 (dasfra doi)

Trang 700-704:ChuyenNgircri me"dien"

Trang 5

Trongcackithi vao daihocvacao dang, cacban thircmgxuyengapmotsobaihoahiru co-cd eachgiiiratdac

bietddihoicac banphiinam virngdupe cong thuccautaocua cacchathiru cucungnhirnamvirngdupe

ti'nhchatcuacacchithirucermoi cothe giairadupe dapan Tuynhien,cacban cungse thay cac baitoan

trencotheduo-cgiaitheoeachhoantoanmuisauday

Bai1: [Cau1-Daihoc A2011-Ma<3e482]

Dot chayhoantoan3,42gamh6n hopgom axitacrylic, vinylaxetat,metyl aciylatva axitoleic,roihap thu

hoantoancacsSn pham chayvaodungdjehCa(0H)2 dir.Sauph&n ungthu dupe18 gamket ttiavadungdich

X Khoi lvrcmg dung dich Xsovoikhoi liro-ng dung dich Ca(0H)2 ban dau da thay doinhirthenao

DoCa(OH)2 dir=>nC0;2=nCaC03= =0,18mol

Axit acrylic:CH2 =CH—COOH

Vinylaxetat:CH3COOC2H3

Metylacrylat:CH2=CH- COOCH3

Axitoleic:C17 H33COOH

*Nhanxet:Tab6di hai chat laaxitoleic va metyl acrylat=>H6nhopchiconaxitacrylicvavinylaxetat

Datsomolcua axitacrylicvavinylaxetatlanlirot laa vab mol

nCo2=3a+4b =0,18mol (1)

mh5nho.p=maxitacrylic+mvinyiaxetat=(27+45)a+(59+27)b=72a+86b =3,42 gam(2)

a=—0,06mol

b =0,09mol

nn2o=2nC2H3cooH + 3ncn3cooc2H3=2a+3b = 2.(—0,06)+3.0,09=0,15mol

=>rnddthayd6i=mCo2 + mH2o - mCaC03=0,18.44+0,15.18-18=-7,38gam

=>Dung djeh Xda giÿm di 7,38 gam

Bai2:[Cau 35-Daihoc B2011-Mad£ 153]

Honhop khiX gom etilen,metan,propin vavinylaxetilencotlkhoisovdiH2lei 17.Dotchayhoantoan0,05

molhQnhopXroihapthu hoantoans&n pham chayvaobinh du-ng dung dichCa(OH)2du thl thay khoi

luo-ngbinHtangthemmgam.Timm

*Nhanxet:Tabo di hai chatcuoi cung=>HonhopXchicon coetilenvametan

DatsomolcuaetilenvametanHinluotlaavabmol

(metilen+mmetan) 28a+16b

Trang 6

mbinhthay doi=mcc,2+ mHz0=0,125.44+0,1.18 =7,3 gam

Bai 3:[Cau 14-Daihoc A2012-Made296]

Honhop X gomaxit fomic, axitacrylic,axitoxalicvaaxit axetic.Chomgam Xphanling het vdi dung dich

NaHC03thudirge1,344litkhiC02(dktc) Dot chay hoantoanmgamXcan 2,016litkhi02(dktc),thudirge

4,84gamC02vaagamniroc.Gia tr|cCiaala:

Ta co:nco2!

Tit(i;

C3H6

x mol

nY=tHBr2=j

Bailam

1,344

nCo2(1)=ÿj=0,06mol

Vi0,62,016

n°2=~224 =0,09mo1

4,84

nco2(2)=-44“=°'nmo1

Axit fomic:HCOOH

Axitacrylic:CH2=CH-COOH

Axitoxalic: HOOC-COOH

Axitaxetic:CH3COOH

*Nhanxet:Tabo diaxitacrylic=»H6nhopX chicon axitfomic,axitoxalic vaaxitaxetic

Batsomol cuaaxit fomic, axitoxalicvaaxitaxeticlan lirgt laa,b,cmol

nH2o=a+b+2c=-0,05+0,03+2.0,05=0,08mol=>a=mHz0=0,08.18=1,44 gam

Bai 4:[Cau15-Daihoc B 2012-Ma de359]

Choh6nhgp X gom ancol metylic, etilen glicolvaglixerol Dot chay hoantoanm gamXta thu dirge6,72lit

khiC02(dktc) Cungm gamXnoitren tacdungvoi Nathu dirgetoida Vlitkhihidro (dktc).TimV

Bailam

Bai 6:5,9moAndehAxit axHonhe

phap "5doctie]

A Co1si

1)Bau

khongtBai 6: E5,9mol

6,72

nco2 = = °-3mol

*Nhanxet:Tab6 di 2 chatcuoi=>h6n hgp Xchic6 ancol metylic

Tac6:nCH30H=«co2 =0,3mol=*nHz= = =0,15mol=>V=0,15.22,4=3,36lit

Bai5:H6nhgp X gom hidro,propen, axitacrylic, ancol anlylic.Dotchayhoantoan0,75mol X, thu dirge 30,24

litkhiC02(dktc) DunnongX vo-ibot Nimotthcrigian,thu dirgeh6nhgp Y.Tikhoi hcricCiaYsoveriX bang

1,25 Cho0,1mol YtacdungviraduvoiVlit dung djeh brom 0,1M Tim V

Bailam

30,24

nco2=-22ÿ =1‘35mo1

Propen:CH3 -CH=CH2

Axit acrylic:CH2=CH-COOH

Ancolanlylic:CH2=CH- CH2OH

mv=.mx=»jj-=-s- =-=— = l,25»„Y=_=0.6mol

"x

*Nhanxet:Tab6 di 2 chatcuoi=>H6nhgp X chi con 2 chat lahidrovapropen

Dat so mol cCia hidrovapropen lan lu'gt laa vab mol

H6nhgDats61

Trang 7

*Cothecacban chorang:

(1) Cachlamtrenchilamayman,vachangcomotchut co-s&nao het,hoantoanlangiuhirng(2)Bancothe lamd§dangcac baitoan trenbangphiro-ngphap khac,chuanxachernva codinh hw&nghem nhieu

Cothilaban dung, nhirng trir&ckhinhanxetnhirtren,xinm&icacban giiiquyetbaitoan saildiy

theo each khac, chuanxachern vacodinh hu'&ngherncua cacban

Bai 6: Dotchay hoantoan122,6 gamh5nhop X gom andehit acrylic, C5H60,C6H802vaaxit axeticthudupe

5,9molC02va ymolniro-c.Timy

Bailam

Andehitacrylic:CH2=CH-CH=O

Axitaxetic:CH3COOH

fi Hon hopXgom:C3H4O, C5H5O,C8H802vaC2H402

*Nhanxet:Baitoan trencolesegaykhokhan doiv&iban,vibankhocothetimra du-p-c moilienhegitracac

chat deco thegiai diro’c baitoan.Nhirngban nghTsao v&ieachgiaisau:Ta sebo di2chat &giira =>hdnherpX

*Nhirvdy, phircng phaptrenla kha hieu qua, do-n giÿn,d§thuc hien,nhirng lieurangphu-o-ng phap trdn co

phii doan mayhay khong? Phucmg phap tr§ndung diro-c khinao?Khong dung dircrckhinao?Lieu rang

=>nH;!o=2a+2b =2.1,6+2.0,55=4,3mol=>y=4,3mol

I phiro-ngphaptrencohoantoanchinhxachay khong?

Bokhong phai la nhu-ngcauhoi detralai Begiai dap nhirngvu'omgmactrenvadetimhieu tl mi phimng

phap "so dem"motphuang phap dongvaitr6nhir kim chinamedacacphirong phap khac.Xin mcricacban

doctiepphan binhluanva suydilnsauday

A.Caso- cuaphircrng phapsodem

1) Bau tienchungtahaygiaiquyetbaitoans66theo eachhoantoanchinhxac va verieachnay, banse

v khong thephunhanhay nghingcr

Bai6:Bot chay hoantoan122,6 gamh6nhgpX gomandehitacrylic, C5H60, C6H802,vaaxit axeticthu dupe

5,9molC02vaymolnirffc.Timy?

0,24

iang

H6nhop Xgom cacchat:C3H40, C5H60,C6H802vaC2H402.

Bat so mol ciia4chattrenlan luptlaa,b,c,dmol

Ta c6:mx=56a+82b+112c+60d =122,6gam (1)

Ta co:nC02=3a+5b+6c+2d=5,9mol (2)

Ta can tim:nHz0=2a+3b+4c+2d (*)

NhirvaytachicoPT (1)va(2),nhiemvu cuatalatim ketquaciia (*)

Taco:nH20=2a+3b+4c+2d =m (56a+82b+112c+60d)+n (3a+5b+6c+2d)

Trang 8

Vidu: !

Bai 1:Di

*Nhirvay,nhiem vucuatalatir phirang trlnh (1) va (2) de nitras6molnircrc.Vacongviecnayqua thererat : thu hoar

dldangneutadung phirang phap datanso m vannhu1tren

Cachlamtr§nla each hoantoanchinh xac vl kha dongian, tuy ranghoi dai Cach lamtrenhoantoanc6the

dirge dimgkhidi thitirluanvieach lam nay hoantoanchinhxac ve mattinhtoancungnhir banchathoa hoc

Bancothe dungeach lamnayde giliquyltcacbaitaptirBai1,2,3,4,5va sechociingket quavoiphirang

phap "so dem"

Vayphirang phapsodem la gi?

Theo dung nguyentacciiatoanhoc:neuchico 2phirang trlnhtoanhoc,tachicothe giliradirge 2 ans6xva

y.Nhu1vayconghla,neubaitoanchota2 dir kien thitachicothe tim dirge 2 ansomathoi

Quaylaibaitoanso6tren,de baichichota2dir kien:

+DirMen 1:Khoilirgngh5nhop X=>Viet dime 1phirorng trinh

+Dirkien 2: So molC02=>Viet dircrc 1phircmg trlnh

Trongkhido,de bai lai cho4chat,tircmgungvai4an a,b,c,d chinh la4 somolcua4 chattren.Theo dung

nguyentac toanhoc,takh6ng the tim dirgecuthe 4an so a,b,c,dneunhirchungtachico2phirang trlnh

(1) va (2), va thu-cteda chothay: "dung latakhongthe giaicutheradetim dirac chinhxaca,b,c,d bang

bao nhieu" Tuy nhien:"Tir(1)va(2)tavlncothe timradiro-cdapso.Visomol nirdc matacantim lamot

bieu thirccua a,b,c,d Takhongcanthietphaitim chinhxaca, b,c,dmavlncothetimdiracsomolnirac"

*Cothebansede hieuhan neunhirban hieudircrc eachthircmatoidataonenbaitoantren.

T6ixuatphattir2chat gicitircrngla CH vaCH20,saudo t6i batdausangehera cacchat mdi bang eachtohop

2 bieu thirchoahocnay:

2(CH)+ CH20=C2H2 + CHzO=C3H40

4(CH)+ CH20=C4H4 + CHzO?=C5H60

4(CH)+2(CHzO) =C4H4 + C2H402=C6H802

0(CH)+2(CHzO)=C2H402

Nhirvayviecdot chayh8nhop Xcungtirangdaang nhirviecdotchay honhopgomCHVetCH20

.Bai 6tirangdirangvaibaitoansau:

Dotchay hoantoan122,6 gam honhop XgomCHvaCH20bangoxidir,thudirac5,9 molC02vayniolniror.

Dlthaym=—va n=—th6aman ck4phirang trlnhtren

=> nH?0= (56a+82b+112c+60d)+ (3a+5b+6c+2d)= 122,6+17 5,9 = 4,3 mol

=>y=4,3mol

dich X K

+Nhdn jmh6nho-pnco2 =C

Taco 2 f

=* Thyysau dog|

b mol=>

*TuynhGidsirbi

2(CH2)i

2a i

I 4(CH2)•

4c5(CH2)

Dat somol ciiaCHvaCH20lanlirot laavabmol

Taco:mx=mÿn+mÿÿjO= 15a+30b=122,6(1)

Taco:nCo2=a+b = 5,9 mol (2)

=>y=nHzo= +b=-y +2,7=4,3 mol

*Dirangnhien,neukhidi thi,ban c6 thephathienradu-gc 4 chat de cho deucothecoila honhgpcua2 chat i

trenthi that la qua kho khan VI2chatdocothe la bat cu-chatnao.VIvay taisaobanlai phai timchinhxac2 ; => n(CHz'

chatma ngiro-i radeda dgavao trongkhi ban khongcanbiettoichung, banvlncothe lam de dang?

Hay chuJrm6tchut,lidomabanb6 di 2 chatCsH60vaC6H802vagiu-laiC3H40vlC2H402madipsdeda |

*TuynHnayhoaj

Trang 9

Nhu v|y:H6nhgp Xcothecoilh hdnhop cdaCHvd CH20,nhimg cungc6thdcoilah8nhop cua" C3H40va

C2H402.Hoac neubankhong thich, bancothecoih6n hop Xgom2trong so 4chatmade bai da cho, dat 2an

laa vab, saudo tlmy,cacbansethaycaceach lam deu cho ciingmotket qua giong nhau

*That la khocothediindat dirge het nhirng dieu thtivjtir nhirngphathi§n tren.Nhimg bancothetin vao

nhandinhsau:

1 Neu de baicho x dirMen, dudelapdirpcxphirong trlnhtoanhoc,thibanhaybd di"tuyy"mot sochatm'a

debaida cho,dS’hSnhop chiednlaixchat

Vidu:

Bai 1:Dotchay hoantoan3,42 gamh5nhop gomaxitacrylic, vinylaxetat,metyl acrylatvaaxitoleic,roihap

thyhoantoancac sanpham chayvaodung dich Ca(0H)2 du.Sauphantingthu dirge18gam ket tda va dung

dichX Khoi lirgng dung dichXsovuikhoi lirgng dung dich Ca(0H)2 ban dau da thay doi nhir thenao.

+Nhanxet:Baitoanchota2 dir kien:

mhSnhap=3,42 gam=>1dir kien=>Lap dirge 1phirong trinh

nCOz=0,18mol=>1dir kien Lap dirge1phirong trinh

Taco2phiro'ngtrinh => Chitlm dirge chinhxac2anlasomolcua2chat,tuynhien de bai lai cho toi 4 chat

sau dogiaiquyettiep(cac each chon2 chat bat ki deu choraciingmotdapso)

Bai2:HonhgpkhlX gom etilen,metan,propin vavinyl axetilencotlkhoisovcriH2la 17.Dotchay hoantoan

0,05 molh6nhgp Xroihap thu hoantoansanpham chay vaoblnh dung dung djeh Ca(OH)2 du thl thay khoi

lugngbinhtangthemmgam.Timm?

+Nhanxet:Baitoanchota2 dir kien

Mx=34=>1dukien=>1phuung trinh

nx=0,05mol=»1dukien=*1phuong trinh

Nhuvay,taco2phuung trinh=>chigi&i dugc 2an sotrongkhi de bai chotaden4 an sotuungungvui so

molcha 4 chat=>Tatuyybo di 2chat.bat ki de choh6nhgp X chiconlai2chat,tuungirngvuisomol laava

b mol=»Giai radapso Tat cacaceach chon2chatbatkideusechoraciingm6t dapso

*Tuy nhien, baitoan trenkhacvuibaitoans66 matadaxetLido la bai 2cocho so molcua h§nhgp X

Giasuban biet rang:

Vabancoihon hgp Xlah5n hgpgomco2 chat la:CH2vaCH4.

Saudo ban datsomol 2 chat lanlugtlaa vab mol.Ban seco:

14a+16b

uuc

[a=-0,45 mol (ncoz =a+b =0,05mol

|MX=34=

a+b

.nx=a+b = 0,05

mbinhthay doi=mcoz + mHzo= 0,05.44+0,55.18=12,1 gam=£7,3 gam(7,3gamladapanchinh xac)

Li do ma eachlamtren saivi:Neu datsomol edaC2H4,CH4,C3H4vdC4H6lan lugt laa,b, c, dmol

=>nx=a+b+c+d = 0,05 mol

Neu banqui h§nhgp4chattrenthanh2chatCH2va CH4 => | nCHz'=2a+0b+4c+5d

nCH4=0a+b—c—d

n(CHzva CH4)=2a+b+3c+4d> nx= 0,05 mol da lam thayd6ibdnchat bditoan=>ddpsdsai

*Tuy nhien,viec quidoithanh2chat batkitrong so4chatde bai cho lai luon chodaps6diingvlviec quid6i

nayhoantoanbaotoan somol X.Ro rang viec dua ramotbaitoan nhuthdnay quathatti§ut6nkltongitsu •

suy ngh!cua nguuirade

Trang 10

=>cac+TH-

(TH1

ban d

Batsfi

knC02 = nC4H6C

Tuynhien,voinhiem vu langircrigilihoa thi bancothe gili baitoanbangeach lam nhanh chong hernnhiSu

do la: "khfingcanbietngircrirade nghl derasao,viec cuaban chi la lam ra daps6".

*Tuy nhiln, bancungsethayviecsir dungphiro'ngphapsodemkhong chi dom gilnvade dangnhirvay

bangeachgiliquyetbaitoansau:

Bai 7:[Cau23-Baihoc A 2014-Made259]

Dotchayhoantoan13,36 gamhon hop Xgomaxitmetacrylic,axit adipic,axitaxetic vaglixerol (trong doso

mol cuaaxitmetacrylic bangsomolcuaaxitaxetic)bangoxidir, thu dirgeh6nhgp khi Y gomkhivahoi.Din

Y vlo dung dich dura0,38mol Ba(OH)2, thu dirge 49,25gamkettuavadungdichZ.BunnongZlaitieptuc

thly kettua.Cho13,36gamh6nhgp Xtacdungveri140ml dung djehKOH 1M, saukhicacphln ting xayra

hoantoan,co candungd|chthudirgechatrankhancokhoi lirgnglabao nhieu

H6nhgp khiYseg&mc6C02vlho1!niro'c

Dunnongdung dich Z thay c6 thlmkbtttia=>DungdichZ coBa(HC03)2

Bao toanC02 => nCOz=nBaC03 + 2nBa(HCC>3)2(*)

Bio tolnBa=*nBaC034- nBa(Hco3)2=nBa(OH)2=*nBa(HCo3)2=0-38 -0,25 =0,13mol

Tir(*)=> nCOz=0,25+2.0,13=0,51mol

Axit metacrylic:CH2= C(CH3)-COOH(C4H602)

Axitadipic:HOOC- [CH2]4 -COOH (C6H10O4)

Axit axetic:CH3COOH(C2H4Oz)

Glixerol:CH2OH -CHOH- CH2OH(C3H803)

Cach 1: Cachgiaichuanxac,dungbln chat

nc4H6o2=nc2H4o2=*S?tsomolda4chattrenlan lirgt laa,b,a,cmol

mh6nhppx =06a+146b4- 60a+92c =13,36 gam=>146(a+b)+92c=13,36 gam(1*)

Taco:nC02=4a+6b4-2a4- 3c=0,51mol=>6(a+b)+3c=0,51mol (2 *)

Tir(1*)vai(2 *)=>{

Dobaitoanchoh6nhopXtacdungvo-i 0,14molKOH=>Tatlm nC00H

RCOOH+KOH ->RCOOK4-HzO

OCOOH=a+2b+a=2(a+b)=2.0,06=0,12mol<0,14mol=nK0H

=* nK0Hdir=°>14~0-12=0,02mol

nirJn=maxit+mK0H- mH2o trongdonH2o =0,12mol

=>mr4n= (86a+146b+60a)+0,14.56-18.0,12=146.0,06 4-0,14.56-18.0,12= 14,44gam

Cach 2:Phiro'ngphapsodem

'*ÿ Nhanxet:Bai toan trencho chungta3phircmgtrinh

mhgnhp.px=13,36gam=>1dir kien=> phiro’ngtrinh (1)

nco2=*1dir kien=> phircmg trinh (2)

nc4H6o2=nc2H4o2 =»1dir kien=>phircmg trinh (3)

Nhir vay: Chungta co3phiro’ng trinhtrongkhide bai chotoi4chat=$«co quyenbo dimotchat bat ki

4-THI:Tab6 diaxitmetacrylic=>Phiro’ngtrinh(3)bimatdi =>loai

4-TH2:Tabo diaxit axetic=* Phiro'ng trinh (3) bjmatdi => loai

4-TH3: Ta b6 di glixerol

Bats6molci’iaC4H6O2,C6H10O4vaC2H402lanlirgtlaa,b,cmol

mhanh?px = 86a+146b4- 60c=13,36 gam(I)

nco2 =4a+6b4- 2c=0,51mol (II)

nc4H6o2=nc2H4o2 =»a=c(III)

Tir(I),(II),(III) =*•HIphiro'ng trinh vo nghiem

*Lido:Baitoln cho h6n hgp Xtacdungvoidd KOH=>Danhlnmanh den khinangphlnu-ngvoiKOHcua

axittrongkhiglixerolkhongphln irng vbi KOH Neu chungtab6di glixerol=> chungtada coinhir 100%

197

1 Gl&iThgcr(nhir TH

2 Giiri

Viecnl

ban clrsai,Iarr

chuyen

saithi h

Nhir va;tu-o-ngc

ban thachungcchung,\

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Công phá đề thi quốc gia môn hóa phần 2 lovebook (FULL)

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