* Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong qk t.gian không xác định.. * Diễn tả hành động xảy ra ở 1 thời gian xác định trong QK.. * Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm xác định trong QK - At th
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH 8 HKII
A Từ vựng : Từ bài 9 – 16
B Ngữ pháp:
1 The basic tenses
1.The
Simple
present
(Hiện tại
đơn))
S + bare-V/V-s/V-es
S+do/does not+
bare-V
Do/Does+ S+
bare-V ?
- always, ofen, usually,frequentyly sometimes=occasionally, rarely=seldom, once or tiwce a week, never
* Chỉ 1 thối quen ở hiện tại.
- ex: He usually (go) goes t o school in the morning
* 1 sự thật không thay đổi.
- ex: The sun (rise) rises in the East.
2 The
Present
Continuo
us
(Hiện tại
tiếp diễn)
S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing
S + am/is/are+ not+
V-ing
Am/is/are+ S+
V-ing?
at the moment, at the
time,Verb! (look!, listen!,
be quiet)
at present = now
* Cho hành động đang xảy ra ở thời điểm đang nói.
- It (rain) is raining now.
- Lan (eat) is eating at preent
- Listen! She (sing) is singing
3 The
Present
Perfect
(HTHT)
S + have/has +
V3/Ved
S + have/has +not+
V3/V-ed
Have/Has + S +
V3/V-ed?
for + khoảng t.gian since + Mốc t.gian never, ever, just = recently
= lately, so far = up to now
= up to the present= until now,already, yet,this is the first time , several times.
* Chỉ hành động xảy ra trong qk t.gian không xác định.
ex: She (vêsit) has visited Ha Long Bay several times
* Chỉ hành động bắt đầu ở qk mà còn tiếp tục đến hiện tại.
- We (learn) have learnt English for 7 years.
- My mother (be) has been sick sinse yesterday
- Lan (just buy) has just bought a new shirt.
4 The
Present
perfect
continuo
us
(HTHTT
D)
S + have/has + been
+ V-ing
S+have/has+not+been
+V-ing
Have/Has + S + been
+ V-ing?
for + khoảng t.gian since + Mốc t.gian
so far = up to now = up to the present= until now
* Dùng để nhấn mạnh 1 hành động khởi sự trong qk và đang còn kéo dài liên tục đến hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
- She (wait) has been waiting to see you since 2 o’ clock
- He (work) has been working in this factory for 4 years.
5 The
Simple
Past
( Qk đơn)
S + V2/V-ed
S + did + NOT +
bare-V
Did +S + bare- V?
- Yessterday, last (last week /month/ year ), ago,
in + year(in 2000 )
* Diễn tả hành động xảy ra ở 1 thời gian xác định trong QK.
- She (meet) met him yesterday.
- Mr Pike (stay) stayed here last nigh
6 The
Past
Continuo
us
(QKTD)
S + was/ were + V-ing
S + was/ were + not+
V-ing
Was/ were + S +
V-ing?
At 5 P.m/ at 5 o’clock + Thời gian trong QK, all day yesterday.
When, as, while.
* Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra ở 1 thời điểm xác định trong QK
- At this time last night, she (study) was studying lessons at home.
* Chỉ 2 hành động xảy ra song song ở QK
- My mother (cook) was cooking while my father (watch) was watching TV.
* Chỉ 1 hành động đang xảy ra thì có 1 hành động khác xảy đến
-When he ( drive) was driving, he (see) saw a serious accident.
7 The
Past
Perfect :
(QKHT)
S + had + V3/ V-ed
S + had + NOT + V3/
V-ed
Had + S + V3/ V-ed?
before, after, by, *Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ trước 1 hành động khác
hoặc 1 thời điểm trong QK
- Before 1975, he (work) had worked in that factory
- When I (come) come, he (leave) had left by 7 o’clock
- After he (graduate) had graduated, he (go) went abroad.
9 The S
future
(TL đơn)
S + will/ shall + Vinf
S + will/shall + not +
Vinf
Will/Shall + S +Vinf?
Tomorrow, next (next week/ month/ year ), someday,
Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong tương laii.
- Tomorrow he (visit ) will viisit me.
- She (stay) will stay at next Monday.
EX: Give the correct form of the verbs
1.The sun always (rise) in the east Look, it (rise)!
2 I don’t think I (go) out tonight I’m too tired.
3 Where you (spend) your summer holiday last year, Tam?
Trang 24 In my country, it (not rain) much in winter.
5 Let’s wait for Lien (arrive) and we (have) dinner.
6 The moon (move) around the earth.
7 Mai (be) very happy when she (receive) a letter from her sister this morning.
8 Would you like (join) my class next Sunday? We (visit) the local museum
9 My father (read) now He always (read) a book after dinner.
10 A friend of my brother’s (call) him last night, but he (not be) at home So I (take) a message for him.
11 Are you busy this evening?Yes, I (meet) Tuan at the library at seven We (study) together.
12 Mai (telephone) you when she comes back.
13 When we (be) small, our family (live) in the countryside.
14 Miss Trang is in hospital.- - Yes, I know I (visit) her tomorrow.
15 I (read) an interesting book at the moment I (lend) it to you when I finish it.
16 Look at those black clouds It (rain).
17 I (not invite) her to the party because I (forget) her phone number.
18 Look! Our new teacher (come) She (have) long, black hair.
19 The boys like (play) games but (hate) do lessons.
20 Please stop (talk); I (try) (finish) a letter to the Y&Y Green Group.
21 His doctor advised him (give up) (smoke).
22 By (work) day and nihgt he succeeded in (finish) the job in time.
23 There (be) many volunteers in Sea Games 22 nd in Viet Nam in 2003.
24 How long you (know) Mrs Chi? - I (know) her for five years.
25 Your dog ever (bite) anyone? - Yes, he (bite) a policeman last week.
26 We (not see) her since we (be) on holiday in Ha Long Bay.
27 Phuong (not finish) her homework yet.
28 Would you like some coffee? I just (make) some.
29 She (feed) the cat yet? - Yes, she (feed) it half an hour ago.
30 The weather (become) colder and colder in December.
31 He (cut) my hair too short - Don’t worry; it (grow) again very quickly.
32.I (not go) out this evening I (stay) at home.
33 The film (begin) at 7.30 or 8.00?
34 You (be) away? - Yes I (go) to the country last Sunday.
35 They just (phone) to say that they (not come) back till Friday night.
36 My uncle (not visit) us since he (move) to the new town.
37 You should practice (speak) English every day.
38 The movie (start) at 8.15 this evening.
39 We already (finish) the first semester exams.
40 Mr Binh (learn) Chinese at school, but he (forget) most of it.
41 We (have) a party next Sunday Would you like (come)?
42 While my sister and I (watch) a movie on TV last night, our uncle in the USA (phone).
43 Please continue your work; We don’t mind (wait).
44 Ha Long Bay in Viet Nam (be) a World Herritage Site It (visit) by millions of people every year.
45 If Mr Lam (go) to Paris next week, he (see) the Eiffel Tower.
46 I myself (witness) an accident on the Main Road yesterday A boy (knock) down by a car Then he (take) to the nearest hospital
47 Most of the Earth’s surface (cover) by water.
48 The first festival (hold) nearly eight hundred years ago.
49 There’s someone behind us I think we (follow).
50 An interesting book (read) by Lan at the moment.
51 This bike (use) for more than six years.
52 Nowadays, many historical places (destroy) seriously.
53 A new text book (publish) next month.
54 The Eiffel Tower is in Paris It (visit) by millions of people every year.
55 Since the 1980s more and more paper (recycle).
56 Tet holiday in Viet Nam (celebrate) around January and February.
57 Last night when we (visit) him, he (do) an experiment on the upstair.
58 I (not see) your uncle recently - No He (not go) out since he (buy) a new color television.
59 Look! The athletes (march) proudly behind their flag.
60 She (not see) that film before.
Trang 361 Listen! Why they (cry)? What (happen) to the?
62 As soon as her mother (come) home, all her friends (call) her.
63 She (come) to see you if she arrives here
64 When I was younger , I (play) football but now I don’t.
65 I (work) on a farm once and had to get up at 5 every morning It was difficult at first as I (not get up) so early.
66 Cuckoos (not build) nests They (use) the nests of other birds.
67 I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong.
68 I wish that dog (lie down) He (keep) jumping up on my feet I (think) he (want) to go for a walk.
69 I (lie) in the beach when the phone (ring) It (stop) after a few rings.
70 It (be) cold when we (leave) the house that day, and a light snow (fall).
71 I (walk) along the street when I suddenly (feel) something hit me in the back I (not know) what it was.
72 When I (see) the man, he (stand) outside the bank He (have)a cap on.
73 When I (open) the cupboard door, a pile of books (fall) out
74 I can’t help (feel) anxious about her study.
75 Most people prefer (ride) to (walk).
2: REPORTED SPEECH:
Statements
VD:Tom said, “I like reading books”
Tom said he liked reading books
1- Từ ngữ:
-Ngôi thứ nhất: I, me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves được đổi theo nghĩa của chủ ngữ ở mệnh
đề tường thuật
Tom said, “I like reading books”
> Tom said he liked reading books
-Ngôi thứ 2: you, yours, your, yourself, yourselves: được đổi theo chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong câu gián tiếp
He said to me, “You can take my book”
He told me (that) I could take his book”
Ngôi thứ 2 đổi thành ngôi thứ 3
He said, “You can take my book”
He said she could take his book”
-Ngôi thứ ba: he, him, his, himself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves : giữ nguyên
VD: Mai said, “They can’t finish their homework”
Mai said they couldn’t finish their homework”
2- Tenses:
+Simple present: S + V( s, es ): am, is, are
+Present continuous: S+ am/is/ are+ V-ing
+Simple past : S + Ved/ 2
+ Present perfect: S + have + PP
+Past continuous ( was/were + V-ing)
+Present perfect continuous
+Simple future: S + will/ shall + V-inf
+ Past perfect : Had + PP
Simple past : S + Ved/ 2 : was/ were
Past continuous: S + was/ were + V-ing
Past perfect: S +had + PP
Past perfect continuous: Had been + V-ing
Future in the past : Would/ should/ could + V-inf
không đổi
3- Các từ chỉ thời gian , nơi chốn:
This
These
That Those
Trang 4Here
Now
Ago
Today
Tonight
Tomorrow
Yesterday
Last night/ week/ month/ year
Next week/ month/ year
There Then/ at one/ immediately
Before That day That night The next/ following day
The day before/ the previous day The night/ week/ month/ year before hoỈc the previous night… The following week/ month/ year
- Ngôi thứ nhất chuyển về cùng ngôi người nói
(I → he, she; me →him/ her; my→his, her )
- Ngôi thứ hai chuyển về cùng ngôi người nghe
(you →I, we, he, she, they; you → me, us, him,
her, them; your→ my )
-Ngôi thứ ba không đổi ngôi (sh/she/ it/ they)
* Cách chuyển câu trực: tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1- Statements.
* Structure:
Trực tiếp: S + said, “ Clause”
>Gián tiếp: S + said + (that) Clause (lùi thì)
VD: Lan said: “I am a student”
>Lan said (that) she was a student
2- Commands, requests:
* Structure:
+Khẳng định: Trực tiếp: S + say/ said, “V…”
>Gián tiếp: S + tell/ told + O + to + V…
VD: She said, “Close the books, please!”
>She told the students to close the books
+Phủ định: Trực tiếp: S + say/ said, “Don’t + V…”
>Gián tiếp: S + tell/ told + O + not + to + V
VD: She said, “Don’t sit down!”
>She told me not to sit down
3- Yes/ No- questions
* Structure: Trực tiếp: Do/ Does/ Did + S + V-nd ?
>Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V-lïi th×…
VD: “Do you go to school?” he said
>He asked me whether/ if I went to school
+ Yes/ No questions with Modals:
Trực tiếp: Can/ shall/ will+ S + V-nd….?
>Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + could/ should/ would + V-nd…
VD: Mary said to Nam, “Can you speak English?”
>Mary asked Nam if/ whether he could speak English
Trang 54- Wh-questions
* Cách chuyển:
* Structure: Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + do/ does/ did + S + V-inf ?
>Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + từ hỏi + S + V(lùi thì)…
VD: “Where do you live?” he said
>He asked me where I lived
+ modals:
Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + can/ shall/ will+ S + V-inf ?
>Gia1n tiếp: S + asked + O + Tõ hái + S + could/ should/ would + V-inf…
VD: Mary said to Nam, “How can you speak English?”
>Mary asked Nam how he could speak English
*Với TOBE:
VD1: “Are you a student?” She asked me
>She asked me if I was a student
VD2: “Is she doing her homework?” Mary asked him
>Mary asked him if she was doing her homework
VD3: “What are you doing?” Mai said to Hoa
>Mai asked Hoa what she was doing
Note: Nếu câu hỏi với “ will/ shall…” diễn tả yêu cầu, đề nghị, mệnh lệnh thì chuyển sang câu gián tiếp dùng câu hỏi hoặc câu cầu khiến).
VD: He said, “Will you open the door?”
>He asked me to open the door (He asked me If I would open the door)
Exercise: Change the sentences into repoted speech
1.”you should change the way you learn English”
Ba said Khanh should
2.”Can you lend me your math book ?”
Ba asked me
3”Please show me to your father ”
Ba told Lan
I
1 He said, 'Get out of my way.'
2 'Climb in through the window,' he ordered.
3 'Please pay at the desk,' said the assistant
4 'Open your bag, please,' said the store detective.
5 'Don't worry about anything, Mrs Pitt,' said her solicitor 'Leave it all to me.'
6 'Don't use bent coins in a slot machine,' I warned him.
7 'Follow that car,' the detective said to the taxi-driver
8 'Wash it in lukewarm water,' recommended the assistant.
9 'Have confidence in me,' urged the doctor.
10 'Take me up to the 33rd floor,' he said to the liftman.
II
1 'What country do you come from?' said Bill 2 'How long have you been here?' said Ann.
3 'Are you working as well as studying?' asked Peter 4 'Have you got a work permit?' Bill wanted to know.
5 'What are you going to study?' asked Ann 6 'Have you enrolled for more than one class?' said Peter.
7 'Do you want to buy any books?' said Bill 8 'Have you seen the library?' asked Ann.
9 'Do you play rugby?' said Peter 10 'Will you have time to play regularly?' he went on.
IV
Trang 61 Tom invited Ann to come for a drive the following day
2 Ann accepted with pleasure and asked where he was thinking of going 3 He said he'd leave it to her 4 She suggested Stratford
5 adding that she hadn't been there for ages 6 Tom agreed and said that they might go on the river if it was a fine day 7 Ann wondered what was on at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre 8 Tom said they'd find out when they got there
9 adding that it was usually possible to get seats on the day of the play 10 He asked Ann if she could be ready by ten III 1 My friend said, "Are you going to leave tomorrow?" 2."Have you done your homework?", said my mother 3 I asked Bill, "What time did you go to bed last night?" 4 Paul said "I must go home now." 5."There's been an accident and the road is blocked", said the policeman 6 "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children 7 Mary said, "My father died a year ago" 8."Must you go now?", said Mr Brown 9."Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday?", his mother asked him 10."It isn't so foggy today as it was yesterday", said the teacher 11."Be modest if you are a good pupil", said my father 12."Shut the door but don't lock it" she said to us 13 Tom said, "New York is bigger than London" IX Rewrite these sentences, using reported speech. 1 Charles said, “I’m living in London now.” ………
2 He said to us, “You are my best friends.” ………
3 Johnny said to me, “I don’t know what Fred is doing.”………
4 She said, “I will answer the phone.” ………
5 He said to his friends, “I must go home now.” ………
6 Hoa said, “I can’t go out after 8 pm.” ………
7 She said to me, “I will come and see you as soon as I can.” ………
8 Susan said, “My sister is coming to see me next week.” ………
9 Judy said, “John wants to come here but he isn’to very well.” ………
10 Judy said to me, “I’m going away for a few days I’ll phone you when I get back.” ……….
XI/ Rewrite the following Yes/No questions in reported speech, use IF or WHETHER: 1.“Do you enjoy reading books?” Phong asked Peter => Phong asked Peter………
2 “Does she like sports?”Hoa asked Lan =>Hoa asked ………
3 “Does Hoa play badminton?” Lan asked Thu =>Lan asked Thu………
4 “Does your sister and brother go to the same school?”She asked Nam =>She asked………
5 “Do the children perform on TV?” Her mother asked her teacher =>Her mother asked………
6 “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom =>She asked………
7 “Will it rain tomorrow morning?” He asked his friend =>He asked………
8 “Do you travel to school by bus?” Tam asked Peter =>Tam asked ………
9 “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan
Trang 7=>Tuan asked………
10 “Do you need an umbrella to go out?” She asked me
=>She asked……… 2: The present perfect tense
1-Cơng thức: (+) S + have/ has + V-pp
(-) S + have / has + not + V-pp
(?) Have/ Has + S + V-pp ?
-Yes, S + have/ has.
-No, S + have/ hasn’t.
Notes: Have: they, we, you, pl.noun
Has : I, she, he, it, singular noun
2- Cách dùng:
-Diễn tả 1 sự việc vừa mới xảy ra
Ex: She has just arrived at the airport
They have begun a new English class recently
- Diễn tả sự việc xảy ra khơng nhớ rõ thời gian
Ex: I have already seen that play
Have you ever been to New York?
He has not repaired his car yet?
- Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và cịn liên quan đến hiện tại
Ex: I have lived in Vung Tau since 2004
I have lived in Vung Tau for 4 years
3 – Các từ đi kèm:
Just, since, for, recently, yet, never, ever, already, before, so far, it’s the first/ second time…, up to now, up to the present, till now(cho tới bây giờ), all + TTSH + life
* Vị trí của các từ: - Just, never, ever, already: đứng ngay sau have/ has
- Yet, before: đứng cuối câu
*Notes: yet: chỉ dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
For + khoảng thời gian
Since + mốc thời gian ở quá khứ
Never: mang nghĩa phủ định
Supply the correct verb form.
1 How long you ( study )……… English ? for five years
2 I ( wait ) for two hours, but she ( not come ) ……… yet
3 They ( live ) ……… in Ho Chi Minh city since 1975
4 She ( read ) ……….all the books written by Dickens How many books you ( read )?
5 He ( not , be ) ……… here since Christmas I wonder where he ( live ) since then
6 Jack ( go ) ……….to Paris for a holiday He never ( be ) there
7 ……….You ( sleep )……… so far ? I ………….( ring ) the bell for the last twenty minutes
8 He ( write )………… a novel for two years, nut he ( not finish ) yet
9 Mary ( lose )……… her hat and she ( look) for it until now
10 I ( see ) ………….that film several times because I like it
3: PHRASE OF PURPOSE and ajectives
1-ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE : It’s + adjective + to-V
- It’s dangerous to swim in that river ( Bơi ở con sông đó thật nguy hiểm.)
- It’s easy to learn English ( Rất dễ học tiếng Anh / Học tiếng Anh rất dễ.)
- It’s difficult to do that exercise ( Làm bài tập đó rất khó.)
Những Adjectives thường gặp trong cấu trúc này là:
easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, important, necessary, lovely, interesting, nice, great…
=> It’s + adj + to V … = To V + tobe + adj = V-ing + tobe + adj
2- ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY A NOUN CLAUSE:
Subject + Verb + adjective + noun clause
Trang 8- They are delighted that you passed your exam (Họ rất vui khi bạn thi đậu.)
- He was happy that you remembered his birthday ( Ông ấy rất vui khi bạn nhớ sinh nhật của ông ấy.)
- I’m sure that they will come (Tôi chắc chắn họ sẽ đến.)
Những Adjectives thường gặp trong cấu trúc này là:
happy, delighted, sad, sure, certain, relieved, afraid, sorry…
3 PHRASE OF PURPOSE
Ta có thể dùng cấu trúc so as (not) to + Vo hoặc in order (not) to + Vo để diễn tả 1 mục đích.
Ví dụ: - I study hard in order to pass the exam.
- I study hard so as to pass the exam
- She opened the umbrella in order to protect herself from rain
- She opened the umbrella so as to protect herself from rain
4: passive voice
1- Structure:
S + V + O
S + be + pp + by+O
* Simple present:
S + V-s,es + O
S + am/ is/ are + pp + by+ O
Ex: The workers make the pens
The pens are made by workers
* Simple past:
S + V-ed + O
S + was / were + pp + by+ O
EX: I visited my grandparents last week
My parents were visited by me last week
* Present perfect:
S + have/ has + V- pp + O
S + have/ has + been + pp + by+ O
Ex:They have built this house since last week
This house has been built since last week (by them)
* Modal:
S + modal + V + O
S + modal + be + pp + by+O
Ex:He can mend this bike
This bike can be mended by him
2-Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
-Xác định chủ ngữ, trạng từ và tân ngữ của câu chủ động
-Chuyển đổi theo sơ đồ
-Nếu chủ ngữ là đại từ nhân xưng (they, he, she, we, you) hay đại từ (someone, everyone ) cĩ thể bỏ
Trang 9Change into passive form.
1 They break the glass into small pieces
2 They wash the glass with a detergent liquid
3 They dry the glass pieces completely
4 People mix them with certain specific chemicals
5 They melt the mixture until it becomes a liquid
6 John will collect me at the airport
7 He will play football all over the world
8 We must pay this bill at once
9 Lan can speak French
10 People speak English all over the world
PASSIVE VOICE
1) A group of students have met their friends at the railway station
2) They didn't allow Tom to take these books home
3) The teacher won't correct exercises tomorrow
4) How many trees did they cut down to build that fence?
5) This well-known library attracts many people
6) All students attended the meeting
7) People say that he is intelligent
8) He can't repair my bike
9) Mary has operated Tom since 10 o'clock
10) This is the second time they have written to us about this
11) Mr Smith has taught us French for 2 years
12) They didn't look after the children properly
13) Nobody swept this street last week
14) People drink a great deal of tea in England
15) People speak English all over the world
16) Tom wrote 2 poems last year
17) She often takes her dog for a walk
18) How many lessons are you going to learn next month?
19) She didn't introduce me to her mother
20) Someone has invented electric lights before
21) Farmers usually milk cows twice a day
22) He likes people to call him "sir"
23) People know that Japan produces a wide range of cars
24) Our teacher used to punish us in class
25) Don't let others see you
26) Workers dug a large hole in the ground
27) Before they take exams, they will revise their lessons
28) The car knocked a woman down in the street
29) When he was young, his father took him to the zoo at the weekends
30) Cows give a lot of milk every morning
III/ Make the questions for the underlined words:
1 Two hundred people are employed by the company
2 Cheese and butter are made from milk
3 The result will be known next week
4 a milk bottle can be reused thirty times
5 The park gates are locked at 6:30 p.m
6 The applications should be sent to the main office
7 The room is cleaned every day
8 Clement Clarke Moore wrote the poem “A Visit from Saint Nocholas”
9 Angkor Wat was part of a royal Khmer city a long time ago
10 Phong Nha Cave is in the North Viet Nam
5: V-ing and V-ed participles and requests
Trang 101- Hiện tại phân từ và quá khứ phân từ: V-ing and V-ed participles:
Cĩ 2 loại Participle Phrases : Present Participle Phrases và Past Participle Phrases.
a Present Participle Phrases: diễn tả ý chủ động (Active), hoặc “đang làm gì” Thường dùng với người
- The boy standing over there is Jack.
- The boys playing in the garden are his sons.
b Past Participle Phrases: diễn tả ý thụ động (Passive) Thường dùng với đồ vật
- The car made from recycled aluminum cans is 5 dollars.
- The doll dressed in blue is Mary’s.
2- Câu yêu cầu , đề nghị:
• Chúng ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây để đưa ra 1 lời đề nghị hoặc yêu cầu
Lưu ý động từ đứng sau mind phải ở dạng V-ing (Gerund)
C
ơ ng th ức : Do you mind +V-ing
Would you mind
- Do you mind opening the window? (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.)
- Would you mind opening the window? (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ.)
* Nếu đồng ý, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây:
- No, I don’t mind
- No, of course not -- Not at all.No problem
* Nếu không thể làm theo yêu cầu, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây:
- I’m sorry, I can’t
- I’m afraid, I can’t
- I’m sorry, that is not possible
• Nếu muốn xin phép cho mình làm chuyện gì, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây:
C«ng thøc: Do you mind if I + V-htđ
Would you mind if I + V-qkđ
- Do you mind if I open the window? (Tôi mở cửa sổ có phiền cho bạn không?)
- Would you mind if I opened the window? (Tôi mở cửa sổ có phiền cho bạn không?)
* Nếu đồng ý, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây:
- No, I don’t mind
- No, of course not
- Not at all
- No problem
- Please do
- Please go ahead
* Nếu không đồng ý, ta có thể dùng 1 trong những cách sau đây:
- I’d prefer you didn’t.
- I’d rather you didn’t.
6: The past continuous tense
1-Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn: (past continuous)
a-Cơng thức:
(+)S + was/ were + V-ing…
(-) S + was/ were + not + V-ing…
(?) Was/ Were + S + V-ing ?
-Yes, S + was/ were
-No, S + was/ were + not
b- Cách dùng:
-Diễn ta hành động đang diễn ra ở thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
Ex: I was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night
-Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra thì cĩ hành động khác cắt ngang
Ex: When my mother came, I was watching TV
(hành động nào xảy ra trước: chia thì QKTD, hành động xảy ra sau: chia thì QK đơn, thường co: when, while, as )
-Diễn tả 2 hành động xảy ra cùng lúc trong quá khứ
Ex:While I was watching TV, my father was reading a newspaper
c- Các từ đi kèm: