Module 4 cloud computing saas 2s

8/25/2014 1 Module 4: Cloud Computing & SaaS Overview Wh t i l d ti ? • Wh a t i s c l ou d compu ti ng ? • Business advantages • Architecture • Issues and challenges • SaaS • SaaS • Utility Computing • Grid computing 8/25/2014 2 Definitions • “The rise of the cloud is more than just another platform shift that gets geeks excited. It will undoubtedly transform the IT industry, but it will also profoundly change the way people work and companies operate.” - The Economist, “Let it Rise,” 10/23/08 (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) • “A pool of highly scalable, abstracted infrastructure, capable of hosting end-customer applications, that is billed by consumption”- (Staten 2008, Forrester Research) • “Cloud computing is the set of disciplines, technologies, and business models used to render IT capabilities as on-demand services” (www.burtongroup.com) • “Cloud Computing is the sum of SaaS and Utility Computing” (Armbrustet al. 2009) Definitions (con) • “It’s one of the foundations of the next generation of computing. . It’s a world where the network is the platform for all computing, where everything we think of as a computer today is just a device where everything we think of as a computer today is just a device that connects to the big computer we’re building. Cloud computing is a great way to think about how we’ll deliver computing services in the future.” —Tim O’Reilly, CEO, O’Reilly Media (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) • “A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualised computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers” (Buyyaet al. 2008) • “Clouds are clearly next-generation data centerswith nodes “virtualized” through hypervisor technologies such as VMs, dynamically “provisioned” on demand as a personalized resource collection to meet a specific service-level agreement, which is established through a “negotiation” and accessible as a composable service via “Web 2.0” technologies»(Buyyaet al. 2008) 8/25/2014 3 What is Cloud Computing? • New computing paradigms have been proposed and adopted, with the emergence of technological dhlttiGidti a d vances suc h as c l us t er compu ti ng, G r id compu ti ng, P2P computing, service computing, market-oriented computing, and most recently Cloud computing- (Buyyaet al. 2008) • “Clouds provide on demand resources or services over the Internet, usually at the scale and with the reliability of a data center” (Grossman 2008) Yhtdd fht • Y ou use w h a t you nee d an d you pay f or w h a t you use e.g. Amazon S3 and Simple DB and Google App Engine all charge based on storage, bandwidth, and CPU time services run on shared infrastructure Cloud Computing “Cloud computing gives an edge to enterprises as they can add capabilities and increase as they can add capabilities and increase capacities on the fly without having to invest in infrastructure, training or licenses. One of the most important features of cloud computing is automated management and reallocation of resources. This means that a user can work on a platform without worrying about adaptability, scalability and elasticity.” Kaustubh Dhavse Deputy Director of ICT practice at Frost & Sullivan 8/25/2014 4 Cloud Computing –3.19 min. Youtube Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_DKNwK_ms What is driving businesses to cloud-scale? 8/25/2014 5 Drivers Ranked Number 1 Ranked in Top 3 Cost saving 34% 65% Uptime/High availability 17% 46% Performance 12% 43% Consumption-based pricing 12% 33% Scalabilit y 7% 40% y Flexibility 6% 41% Rapid deployment 5% 24% (Cloud Computing Trends Report 2009) Why Cloud Computing? • Cloud computing is more than “pay by drink” compute platforms – it is a convergence of two major interdependent IT trends (Sun Cloud Computing 2009): Computing 2009): – IT Efficiency - Minimise costs though virtualisation, improve infrastructure resource deployment and utilisation – Business Agility - Maximise returns using IT as a competitive weapon through rapid time to market, integrated application stacks, instant machine image deployment, and petascale parallel programming • Example: The New York Times needed to convert 11 million articles and images in its archive (from 1851 to 1980) to PDF. Their Internal IT dept said it would take them seven weeks In the meantime one IT dept . said it would take them seven weeks . In the meantime , one developer using 100 Amazon EC2 simple Web service interface instances running Hadoop (an open-source implementation similar to MapReduce) completed the job in 24 hours for less than $300! (open.blogs.nytimes.com, “Self-service, Pro-rated Super Computing Fun!”) (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) 8/25/2014 6 Business Advantages • Cloud computing is a new and promising paradigm delivering IT services as paradigm delivering IT services as computing utilities • Delivers higher efficiency, massive scalability, and faster, easier software development It i b t i d l • It i s a b ou t new programm i ng mo d e l s, new IT infrastructure, enabling of new business models Advantages • Use the cloud: best option for start-ups, research projects, Web 2.0 developers, or niche players who want a simple, low-cost way to “ load and go ” load and go . • Leverage the cloud: – Development and testing: the easiest cloud use case for enterprises – Functional offloading: use the cloud for specific workloads – Augmentation: a new option for handling peak load or anticipated spikes in demand for services – Experimenting: software evaluation can be performed in the cloud, before licenses or support need to be purchased • Build the cloud: build private clouds to take advantage of the if ldtddithidl td econom i cs o f resource poo l s an d s t an d ar di ze th e i r d eve l opmen t an d deployment processes • Be the cloud: includes both cloud computing service providers and cloud aggregators – companies that offer multiple types of cloud services (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) 8/25/2014 7 When to apply cloud computing? • Moving internal services to pay-as-you-go infrastructure • Quick provisioning and de-provisioning of users and resources • Mobility advantages accessing your application or data anytime, anywhere • Reducing specialised IT administration expertise through cloud infrastructure • Improved economics due to shared infrastructure Improved economics due to shared infrastructure • Lightweight entry/exit service acquisition • The business, security, and privacy concerns of cloud- hosted identities and data Examples of Use (Staten 2008) 8/25/2014 8 Major Cloud Builders (Staten 2008) Why IT leaders will embrace cloud computing • Separation of data from apps: front end applications will be delivered in the Web browser while the backend will be powered by highly scalable databases powered by highly - scalable databases • Front-end and backend databases: will be able to exist in separate locations much more easily and effectively • Offline access for online apps: Web applications develop an offline component in addition to the standard online component • Ubiquitous mobile Internet access: making Internet access virtually ubiquitous -or at least available anywhere you can tt llt connec t t o a ce ll t owe r • Moving CAPEX to OPEX: allows a company to move much of its infrastructure costs from being capital expenditure (CAPEX) to being operating expenditure (OPEX) (Hiner2009) 8/25/2014 9 Maturity Model • Stages of evolution for an enterprise data tti t hi ldNi cen t er t ry i ng t o ac hi eve c l ou d Ni rvana- James Urquhart Consolidation Abstraction Automation Utility Market (Urquhart2008‘Amaturitymodelforcloudcomputing’,http://news.cnet.com/830119413_310122295240.html) Steps in Maturity Model • Consolidation - reduce redundancy and wasted space and equipment by measured planning of both architecture (including facilities allocation and design) and process (including facilities allocation and design) and process . • Abstraction - occurs when data centers decouple the workloads and payloads of their data center infrastructure from the physical infrastructure itself, and manage to the abstraction instead of the infrastructure. • Automation - comes into play when data centers systematically remove manual labor requirements for run time operation of the data center. Utilit ith t t hihdt t itd th • Utilit y - i s th e s t age a t w hi c h d a t a cen t ers i n t ro d uce th e concepts of self-service and metering. • Market - is achieved when utilities can be brought together over the Internet to create an open competitive marketplace for IT capabilities (an "Inter-cloud", so to speak) Urquhart 2008 8/25/2014 10 The Architectural Services Layers of Cloud Computing • Software as a Service (SaaS) – SaaS is at the highest layer and features a complete application offered as a service, ondemand via multitenancy e g Google ’ s email services ondemand , via multitenancy - e . g . Google s email services • Platform as a Service (PaaS) – The middle layer, or PaaS, is the encapsulation of a development environment abstraction and the packaging of a payload of services, e.g. Commercial examples include Google App Engine, which serves applications on Google’s infrastructure • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) – IaaS is at the lowest layer and is a means of delivering basic storage and compute capabilities as standardized services over the network capabilities as standardized services over the network - commercial example is Amazon Web Services, whose EC2 and S3 services offer bare-bones compute and storage services (respectively) (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) Cloud computing services • Virtualization - Solves core challenges of data center managers – Higher utilization rates – Resource consolidation – Lower power usage/costs – Space savings – Disaster recovery/business continuity – Reduced operations costs • Operating System Virtualization Operating System Virtualization • Platform Virtualization • Network Virtualization • Application Virtualization (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) [...]... implementation at the edge of the cloud, in the control node 4 Things You Need in a Cloud Computing Infrastructure’, www.devcentral.f5.com 15 8/25/20 14 SaaS & Cloud Computing • Similar to utility computing – Pay as you use – Service on demand – High availability – Disaster recovery What is SaaS • SaaS = Software as a Service •... Services as Computing Utilities’, Available Online; Foster, I, Zhao,Y, Raicu,Iand Lu, S 2009 Cloud Computing and Grid Computing 360Degree Compared’, Grid Computing Environments Workshop, 2008 GCE '08, IEEE; Available Online Grossman... and are hosted within the cloud e.g Paid AMIs(Amazon Machine Images) can be created by ISVs and stored on Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) Major Obstacles -cloud computing providers must overcome Cloud Computing Trends Report 2009 11 8/25/20 14 High-level market-oriented cloud architecture (Buyya et al 2008) Market – oriented Cloud Architecture • • • Cloud providers will need... based upon a utility computing model (Gruman2008) 22 8/25/20 14 Difference in Utility and Cloud computing • From a hardware point of view, three aspects are new in Cloud Computing – The illusion of infinite computing resources available on demand - thereby eliminating the need for Cloud Computing users to plan far ahead for provisioning – The elimination of an up-front commitment by Cloud users - thereby... References • • • • • • • • Linthicum D.S 2006 ‘Where Cloud Computing meets Enterprise Architecture’, Blue Mountain Labs Ramamurthy B 2009, Cloud computing ,AvailableOnline:< http://www.slideworld.com/slideshows.aspx /Cloud- Computing- ppt-2108363> http://www slideworld com/slideshows aspx /Cloud Computing ppt 2108363> Rappa M A 20 04 ‘The utility business... to Cloud Computing , submitted for publication, preprint, Available online Hiner J 2009, ‘Sanity check: Why corporate IT will eventually embrace cloud computing , Tech Sanity Check Hosting.com 2009, ‘2009 CLOUD COMPUTING TRENDS REPORT’, 2009 Cloud Computing Trends Report,eBook, www.hosting.com, Available online: ... ‘Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing , Available online Bias R and GibbardS 2009 Cloud computing increases efficiency & drives bottom line’, Clouds bring Green, GoGrid/Server Path Buyya R., Yeo C.S and Venugopal S 2008 ‘Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: ... utility business model and the future of computing services’, IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL 43 , NO 1, 20 04; Available Online:< http://zaphod.mindlab.umd.edu/docSeminar/pdfs/Rappa_20 04. pdf > Scio Consulting International 2009, ‘What is Software as a Service?’, TechBA Staten J 2008, ’Is Cloud Computing Viable for Enterprise IT?’ Forrester Research, Teleconference Sun Cloud Computing 2009 ‘Take your business to... provision of computing services is increasingly driven by economies of scale and the effective utilization of resources (Rappa20 04) 23 8/25/20 14 Benefits • When cloud computing is served with utility computing it provides a number of benefits – reduced capital expense, low barrier to entry, and the ability to scale up as demand requires, including support for brief surges in capacity – cloud based storage... it • Cloud Computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and the hardware and systems software in the datacenters that provide those services-referred to as Software as a Service (SaaS) • The data center hardware and software is what we will call a Cloud Cloud When a Cloud is made available in a pay-as-you-go manner to the general public, we call it a Public Cloud- the . the cloud: includes both cloud computing service providers and cloud aggregators – companies that offer multiple types of cloud services (Sun Cloud Computing 2009) 8/25/20 14 7 When to apply cloud. 3 Cost saving 34% 65% Uptime/High availability 17% 46 % Performance 12% 43 % Consumption-based pricing 12% 33% Scalabilit y 7% 40 % y Flexibility 6% 41 % Rapid deployment 5% 24% (Cloud Computing Trends. 8/25/20 14 1 Module 4: Cloud Computing & SaaS Overview Wh t i l d ti ? • Wh a t i s c l ou d compu ti ng ? • Business advantages • Architecture • Issues and challenges • SaaS • SaaS •