Eco fibres and eco friendly textiles 1

ECO-FIBRES AND ECO- FRIENDLY TEXTILES R.B.CHAVAN DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILTECHNOLOGY INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HAUZ-KHAS, NEW DELHI 110016 PRESENT CONCEPT POLLUTERS MUST PAY • CRADLE TO GRAVE • NOT ONLY FINAL PRODUCT BE ECO FRIENDLY • RAW MATERIALS, PRODUCTION PROCESSES, PACKAGING, ECO FRENDLY EVEN AFTER DIPOSAL • MEET EMS 14000 AND SAS 1800 STANDARDS • ECO FRIENDLY PRODUCTS INDENTIFIED BY ECO LABLES • WOMB TO TOMB • GREEN MINDED CONSUMER PREFER ECO PRODUCTS EVEN AT HIGH COST THREE ECOLOGIES • PRODDUCTION ECOLOGY • USER ECOLOGY • DISPOSAL ECOLOGY USER AND DISPOSAL ECOLOGY • USER ECOLOGY REFERS TO • AESTHETICS • PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS • EFFECTS OF TEXTILES ON HUMAN BODY. • DISPOSAL ECOLOGY REFERS TO • DISPOSAL OF TEXTILES AFTER USE • RECYCLING, • COMPOSTING, • DUMPING, • INCINERATION • LEAST POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT . PRODUCTION ECOLOGY COMPRISES OF • CULTIVATION AND HARVESTING OF NATURAL FIBRES • THE MANUFACTURE OF REGENERATED AND SYNTHETIC FIBRES • SPINNING, WEAVING, KNITTING • TEXTILE CHEMICAL PROCESSING • GARMENT MANUFACTURE • PACKING ECO FIBRES – CONVENTIONAL COTTON – CONVENTIONAL COTTON IS NOT ECO FRIENDLY – USE OF FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDES AND VARIOUS CROPS RELATED CHEMICALS DURING COTTON CULTIVATION. – INHALATION DURING HANDLING AND SPRAY APPLICATION-HEALTH HAZARDS – PRESENCE OF THESE CHEMICALS AS RESIDUE ON COTTON BOLLS – WASHED AWAY DURING PREPARATORY PROCESSES – WATER POLLUTION KING COTTON COTTON BUD COTTON FLOWER Major Cotton Pesticides and Herbicides Chemical Name Agri. Use Human Toxicity Environ. Toxicity Chlorpynfos Insects Brain and fetal damage, impotence, sterility. Bees, birds, crustaceans,&mollu sks Cyanazine Weeds Birth defects, cancer. Bees, birds, crustaceans, & fish. Dicofol Mites, insecticide. Cancer, reproductive damage, tumors Aquatic insects, birds, & fish Ethephon Plant growth regulator Mutations. Birds, bees, crustaceans, & fish. Major Cotton Pesticides and Herbicides Chemical Name Agri. Use Human Toxicity Environ. Toxicity Metam Sodium Insects, nematodes, fungus, weeds. Birth defects, fetal damage, mutations Bees & fish. Methyl Parathion Insecticide. Birth defects, fetal damage, reproductive & immune system. Birds, bees, crustaceans, & fish. Profenofos Insecticide & miticide. Eye damage, skin irritant. Birds, bees, & fish. Prometryn Herbicide. Bone marrow, kidney, liver, testicular damage. Bees, birds, crustaceans, fish, & mollusks. Major Cotton Pesticides and Herbicides Chemical Name Agri. Use Human Toxicity Environ. Toxicity Propargite Miticide. Cancer, Fetal & eye damage, mutations, tumors. Bees, birds, crustaceans, & fish. Sodium Chlorate Leaf drop & weeds. Kidney damage & methemoglobinemi a Birds & fish. Tribufos Leaf drop. Cancer, tumors. Birds & fish. Trifluralin Herbicide. Cancer, fetal damage, teratogen, suspect mutagen. Amphibians, aquatic insects, bees, birds, crustaceans, & fish. [...]... e.g., areas growing Wagad cotton in Gujarat, Y -1 desi areas growing Wagad cotton in Gujarat, Y -1 desi cotton of Khandesh region of Maharashtra, Maljari in Madhya Pradesh, part of areas growing Jayadhar and Suyodhar in Karnataka Nandicum in Andhra Pradesh and parts of cotton areas in north eastern hill region Vidarbha organic farmers Association(VOFA 19 93 Visit of Envirnmental Protection Encouragement... Vidarbha EPEA confirmed organic cotton in Vidarbha EPEA confirmed organic cotton in Vidarbha 19 94 Organization of 13 5 farmers from five districts Nagpur, Wardha, Yavatmal, Amravati and Akola 19 95 commitment of 12 ,00 hectares land for organic cotton cultivation 19 95 Formation of Vidarbha Organic Farmers Association 19 96 Bumper crop of organic cotton Present status of VOFA 205 Members 90 Practicing organic... Mrigendra Jalan, Managing Director of the spinning mill, Maikaal Fibres Ltd, and •Patrick Hohmann, Managing Director of the Swiss cotton yarn trading company, Remei AG Organic cotton production in India 14 -15 lakh bales of uncertified organc cotton (Cotton corporation of India) Estimated certified organic cotton 10 00 Total world production 815 0 15 % of total world production 37% Asian countries production... landscapes - the air, water, soil and wilderness - where the real differences are made ECO FRIENDLY COTTON • COTTON CULTIVATED WITHOUT USING FERTILIZERS PESTICIDES AND OTHER CHEMICALS (ORGANIC FARMING) • RESIDUE OF THESE CHEMICALS REMOVED DURING FIRST TWO SEASONS OF CULTIVATION • COTTON FROM THIRD SEASON ONWARDS IS ECO FRIENDLY • INDENTIFIED BY LOGOS • ORGANIC COTTON • GREEN COTTON • NATURAL COTTON ORGANIC... (3.8-5.0), span length (25.5-29.9 mm) and fibre maturity parameters similar to fibres produced by conventional methods Maikaal bioRe Ltd Madhya Pradesh Maikaal bioRe Ltd, which claims to be the largest organic cotton venture in the world, in Bheelaon, Madhya Pradesh has over 1, 000 farmers involved in organic cotton production The production of organic cotton started in 19 91 as a private initiative of Mrigendra...It takes one pound of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to conventionally grow the three pounds of cotton needed to make a T-shirt and a pair of jeans COTTON SUICIDES-INDIA •Excerpted from "Cotton, Pesticides and Suicides," by Jitedra Verma, posted in the Earth Island On-line Journal Verma is a reporter for Down to Earth magazine (Centre for science and environment •"Since the beginning of the... economic advantages of pesticides by chemical companies interested in sales But little is said of the hidden costs, the contamination of soil and ground water, as well as the negative effects on farmers, farm workers and wildlife Organic agriculture offers the choice to Because the hidden costs of conventional agriculture will eventually surface One of the organic farmer's friends A 'Catolaccus grandis'... highest and freshest quality available Suppliers of organic cotton are not far behind If we are really concerned about environmental issues today, our ideas of excellent product design must include impact on the earth Yet so much of this environmental quality might not be immediately visible to the naked eye We have to see beyond the clothes themselves and look to the landscapes - the air, water, soil and. .. expenses mounted and the noose tightened beneath cotton's natural fiber lies a long chain of chemically-intensive, "unnatural" processes To bring this delicate plant to harvest, it is heavily sprayed - 8 to 10 times a season - with pesticides so poisonous they gradually render fields barren And that's just the beginning To create finished goods, fabrics are often colored with toxic dyes and finished with... enemies which prey on insect pests, and lure pests away from cotton by planting trap crops Insect pests can be effectively kept in balance with well-timed introduction of beneficial insects to fields Organic cotton certification INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR ORGANIC AGRICULTURE MOVEMENT [IFOAM] has formulated standards and guidelines for organic cotton cultivation and are followed by many labelling . PRODUCT BE ECO FRIENDLY • RAW MATERIALS, PRODUCTION PROCESSES, PACKAGING, ECO FRENDLY EVEN AFTER DIPOSAL • MEET EMS 14 000 AND SAS 18 00 STANDARDS • ECO FRIENDLY PRODUCTS INDENTIFIED BY ECO LABLES • WOMB. ECO- FIBRES AND ECO- FRIENDLY TEXTILES R.B.CHAVAN DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILTECHNOLOGY INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY HAUZ-KHAS, NEW DELHI 11 0 016 PRESENT CONCEPT POLLUTERS. TOMB • GREEN MINDED CONSUMER PREFER ECO PRODUCTS EVEN AT HIGH COST THREE ECOLOGIES • PRODDUCTION ECOLOGY • USER ECOLOGY • DISPOSAL ECOLOGY USER AND DISPOSAL ECOLOGY • USER ECOLOGY REFERS TO • AESTHETICS