Man Made Fiber Spinning Prepared By : Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir ID: 2010000400008 13th Batch (session 2009-2013) Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com Blog : www Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit) Southeast University Department Of Textile Engineering I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Bangladesh ©right Calssificatoin of fibres Forms of Man Made fibre: MMF are produced in three types – Filament:Filament fibres are spun from spinnerets with 350 holes or less is determined by the size of the yarn to be made Monofilament: This filament is made only of a single filament Multifilament: These filaments are made of more than one filament Staple:Staple fibre is of limited and relatively short length Filament tow An assemble of twist free fibre Properties required for Fibre forming polymer: • Molecular weight should be high • Crystallinity – high not suitable • Resistance to different chemical • Orientation – Physical and chemical symmetry • Straight chain structure • Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) – Should be near to Room Temp • Crystalline Melting Point (Tm) - 200o – 300o c is suitable • Polymer should be soluble in some solvent from which it can be spun • Hygroscopic nature – Should be hydrophobic Synthetic Spinning System • Spinneret: A nozzle or plate provided with fire holes or slits through a fibre forming solution or melt is extruded in fibre manufacturing is called spinneret This is the most important part of a MMF producing m/c The number of holes, sizes and shapes vary with the filamentSpinneret desired • Shape of holes: Dry spinning Process Dry spinning Process 02 Spinning: Dry spinning: • Advantage: – Suitable for producing fine denier fibres – No need of wash of fibre • Disadvantage: – Investment cost is high – Toxic and risk of explosion – Heat input is very high – Can not be used for staple fibre production • Properties of solvent: – Solvent should not be volatile – It should be organic – It should have low boiling point – It should be comparatively cheap – It should be thermally stabilized – It should be non toxic 02 Spinning: Wet spinning: • In wet spinning a suitable solvent is used to prepare fibre forming solution and another coagulant is used in coagulating bath • Solution is extruded through spinneret and in contact of coagulant cellulose is regenerated • Wet spgn solvent & coagulant: Fibre Solvent Coagulant Viscose Alkaline water PVA Water Aqueous NaOH PAN DMF/DMC + • 60% ZnCl2 Dill H2SO4 + Na2SO4 +ZnSO4 Aq DMF/DMC + 40% ZnCl2 02 Spinning: Wet spinning: Coagulation bath Washing Bath 02 Spinning: Wet spinning: 02 Spinning: Wet spinning: • Advantage: – Suitable for staple fibre – Both organic and inorganic solvent can be used – Low temp reqd – Higher production due to continue spgn – Softener process – Investment cost is low • Disadvantage: – Slow spgn speed – Washing and bleaching of fibres are needed – Toxic 02 Spinning: Difference Parameter Melt spgn Dry spgn Wet spgn Investment cost Low High Low Hazard Non toxic Toxic Toxic Heat of spgn High Very high Low Spinneret hole – many thousands 300 – 900 20000 – 75000 Spgn speed 2500 – 3000 ft/min 2500 – 3000 ft/min 150 – 300 ft/min Productivity High Low High Application Filament or staple Filament Filament or staple Solvent Not required Only volatile organic solvent Both organic and inorganic solvent can be use Comparative features of melt, dry and wet spinning Features Melt Dry Wet Investment Cost Low High Low Hazard Non-toxic Heat of Spinning High Spinneret Hole Spinning Speed to many thousand 2500-3000 ft/min Toxic (Risk of explosion) Toxic High Low 300-900 20,000-75,000 2500-3000 ft/min 150-300 ft/min Advantage of man-made fiber technology: •Production does not depend on climate & location •Quality & quantity can be controlled during production •Length & thickness can be controlled as per requirement •Staple length can be controlled as per requirement •Smoothness and high luster •Fiber processing is easier •High productivity and low cost Disadvantage of man-made fiber technology: Fabrics made of MMF are difficult to stitch Low air permeability Uncomfortable Unhygienic Hydrophobic http://www.textilelab.blogspot.com (Visit My Blog for more Info ) My Facebook Textile related Pages Yarn Manufacturing Technology Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Yarn-Manufacturing-Technology/485014954866808 Fabric Manufacturing Technology Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fabric-Manufacturing-Technology/459520217425605 Garments Manufacturing Technology Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Garments-ManufacturingTechnology/472364799463126 Wet processing Technology Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Wet-Processing-TechnologyDyeing-/468645219825404 Fashion-Design-and-Technology Link : http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fashion-Design-and-Technology/587655294583875? ref=ts&fref=ts ... Three types of spinning process: – Melt spinning (Synthetic) – Wet spinning – Dry spinning Man Made Fiber Spinning Technology SPINNING of polymers There are typically three types of spinning for... which the cellulose is regenerated to form solid filaments Man Made Fiber Spinning Technology 02 Spinning: Melt spinning: • The process of spinning by which fibre or filament is produced from melted... 02 Spinning: Dry spinning: • Feed Metered extrusion Solidification by solvent Evaporation Lubrication Yarn driving Packaging Dry spinning Process Dry spinning Process 02 Spinning: Dry spinning: