Page 1 ĐỀ SỐ 17 Đề thi thử đại học lần I/(2012) - Trường chuyên Khoa học Tự nhiên Mã đề thi 712 ĐỀ THI GỒM 80 CÂU (TỪ QUESTION 1 ĐẾN QUESTION 80). Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from 1 to 10. GOING ON A DIET A typical person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stay running. These calories keep your heart (1) and your lungs breathing. They keep your organs operating properly and your brain running. They also keep your body warm. A person (2) weight because he or she consumes more calories per day than needed. The only way to lose fat is to (3) the number of calories that you consume per day. This is the basic principle behind going on a diet. Unfortunately, diets don’t work for most people. They do lose weight but then (4) the diet and put it back. Building a sensible diet and exercise plan is the key to (5) a consistent weight. You need to figure out how many calories you need in a day and how many you (6) take in. The next step is to add exercise so that you can raise the number of calories you can consume per day. Exercise charts can show you how many calories different forms of exercise can burn. Burning 250 or 500 calories per day can (7) a big difference. You can ride an exercise bike while you are watching television or you can (8) _______ the stairs instead of the elevator. Find an exercise (9) . Exercises can be a lot easier if there is someone to talk to. It’s a good idea to wear firm-fitting clothes if you are on a diet. (10) clothing acts as a reminder of what you are trying to accomplish. Question 1: Question 2: Question 3: A. A. A. ticking adds cut off B. B. B. beating increase take down C. C. C. running gains remove D. D. D. kicking puts reduce Question 4: A. go off B. go on C. go after D. go under Question 5: A. getting B. measuring C. maintaining D. reserving Question 6: A. preferably B. actually C. consistently D. eventually Question 7: A. have B. Do C. make D. give Question 8: A. walk B. climb C. run D. take Question 9: A. partner B. colleague C. associate D. friend Question 10: A. Tight B. Loose C. Casual D. Formal Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 20. PLUTO IS NOT A PLANET ANYMORE Poor Pluto! Once the ninth planet in our solar system, Pluto has now been demoted to the status of a "dwarf planet". It is no longer even part of our solar system, but rather of a separate area called the Kuiper Belt. The decision came about after the International Astronomical Union (IAU) tried to shed some light on Pluto's status. It came up with a new definition for planets that Pluto did not fit. Many in the astronomical community disagreed with it, especially since the Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Neptune would not be planets either, according to this definition! Only five percent of the astronomical community voted on this issue, and critics say this decision was not based on the community as a whole. In the state of New Mexico, a resolution has been passed that Pluto will always be a planet. This was done in honor of Clyde Tombaugh who discovered Pluto and lived most of his life in New Mexico. Pluto's demotion was also influenced by its size - it's only half the size of our moon! It consists of rock and ice. Pluto has one big moon (Charon) and two smaller ones (Nix and Hydra). Pluto has always had a rather mysterious history. Many moons ago, in 1905, Percival Lowell realized that there must be a ninth planet as the gravitational pull of a large body was influencing the orbit of Uranus. He called it "Planet X". He spent his whole life searching for "Planet X" but to no avail. It was not until 1930 that it was Page 2 discovered by Clyde Tombaugh. Now that "Planet X" had finally been discovered, it needed a name. Suggestions poured in from all over the world, but it was an 11-year-old girl, Venetia Burnet, who came up with the name "Pluto". Venetia was interested in Greek history, and "Pluto" was another name for Hades, god of the Underworld (Hell). As she imagined it to be a cold and dark place, she felt that "Pluto" would be an appropriate name. The Lowell Observatory (where Clyde Tombaugh worked) agreed and Pluto was born! Pluto is so far away from Earth that it is difficult to study. That will all be changed in 2015 when the "New Horizons" spacecraft arrives on Pluto. It was launched on January 19, 2006. It carries with it the ashes of Clyde Tombaugh, Pluto's discoverer, who died in 1997. It is hoped that the mission will give scientists more information about Pluto. Even though Pluto has lost its place in the sun, it is still important enough for scientists to study! Question 11: What does the sentence "critics say this decision was not based on the community as a whole" mean? A. Most members of the community were not included in the decision. B. Most of the community agreed with the decision. C. All of the astronomers were asked to vote. D. A resolution was passed by the community members. Question 12: What was the purpose of the IAU's new definition of planets? A. To prove that the Earth, Jupiter, Neptune and Mars were not planets B. To show that Pluto was not a planet C. To emphasize that the Earth is part of the Kuiper Belt D. To cause division in the astronomical community Question 13: Why did Venetia Burnet think the name "Pluto" was appropriate? A. Her dog was called Pluto. B. She was only 11 and liked to watch Mickey Mouse and Pluto. C. Pluto was the name of her Greek uncle. D. Pluto was another name for Hades, Greek god of the UnderworlD. Question 14: What can be inferred from Venetia Burnet's choice of "Pluto" as a name? A. She thought Pluto was similar to hell. B. She thought Pluto was a dwarf planet. C. She thought Pluto might have aliens on it. D. She thought it was a nice sounding name. Question 15: Who first noticed that something substantial was influencing the orbit of Uranus? A. Clyde Tombaugh B. Venetia Burnet C. Hades D. Percival Lowell Question 16: What does the phrase “shed some light” (line 5) mean? A. provide more information B. provide new evidence C. provide support D. provide argument Question 17: What does Pluto consist of? A. Mostly rock and water B. Rock, water and nitrogen C. Rock and ice D. Rock, ice and oxygen Question 18: What special cargo does the "New Horizons" spacecraft have on board? A. The ashes of an astronomer B. Special camera equipment C. Video cameras D. Webcams Question 19: What does the phrase “many moons ago” (line 14) mean? A. a long time ago B. once upon a time C. in the history D. for a while Question 20: What does the word „ thi s is in line 10 refer to? A. the resolution B. the resolution that Pluto will always be a planet C. the resolution of Pluto D. the state of Mexico Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 21 to 30. Page 3 RACES AND THEIR GENETIC DIFFERENCES Genetics is the study of hereditary characteristics that are passed down from one generation of living organisms to another. Although farmers have used selective breeding to improve the resilience of crops and animals, it wasn't until the mid 1800s that Gregor Mendel started the science of genetics as we know it today. Following Mendel's methods, scientists have discovered "chromosomes" and "DNA". With the ability to study DNA, scientists were able to study the genetic differences between races. Modern genetics discovered that all humans are descendants of "Mitochondrial Eve," a woman who lived over 150,000 years ago in Africa. Since the first humans were born, over 75,000 generations have passed, and many subtle differences are now evident. Humans share at least 99% of their genetic makeup. A 1% difference may not seem like much, but when you consider that a chimpanzee shares 98% of human genes, you realize how much a 1% difference makes! Africans are more closely related to Europeans than any other two groups, despite the fact that they differ so much in appearance. The biggest genetic differences are found between Africans and the native populations of North America (22%). However, it is essential to note that the genetic differences between people of the same race are much greater than the differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story. The differences in various populations may also be the result of circumstances rather than genetic makeup. Factors such as climate, diet, health care, education, and employment as well as other socioeconomic factors are all influential. However, there are some traits which are genetic; for example, there is a much higher incidence of sickle- cell anemia among black populations than any other population group. Adult African-Americans and Latinos have twice as many cases of diabetes than Caucasians. In the U.S., Latinos suffer more deaths from liver disease than other races. Europeans suffer more from heart disease and cancer. Genes not only affect our susceptibility to disease, they also affect our physical attributes. The Dinka people from the Sudan are considered to be the tallest people with men having an average height of 6ft 3in., while women hit the big time with an impressive 5ft 3in. This contrasts sharply with the Pygmy tribes who get the short end of the stick at only about 4ft 11in tall. Genetic differences may help us to tailor health services to people of different races or to detect life threatening diseases early. However, they are not significant enough to support the claim that one race is superior to another. In fact, our modern scientific understanding of human genetic diversity flies in the face of almost all our social stereotypes. Question 21: What is genetics? A. The study of old people B. The study of muscles in your body C. The study of inherited characteristics D. A kind of exercise Question 22: Why do farmers practice selective breeding? A. To make animals and crops more resilient B. They only want to grow one crop. C. They want to increase the number of farmers. D. To make crops tastier Question 23: What were scientists able to discover using Mendel's methods? A. Chromosomes B. DNA C. Genetic differences D. (A) & (B) above Question 24: What does the phrase “a tall story” (line 16) mean? A. exaggeration B. unbelievable C. cynical D. untrue Question 25: Where do the greatest genetic differences occur? A. Between people of different races B. Between Europeans and Africans C. Between people of the same race D. Between Asians and Africans Question 26: What two factors contribute to the differences between races? A. Genetics and socioeconomic factors B. Genetics and access to health care C. Access to health care and socioeconomic factors Page 4 D. Genetic makeup and circumstances Question 27: What does the writer mean with the idiom “hit the big time” in line 25? A. take pride B. be famous C. be successful D. strike luck Question 28: Which diseases are African-Americans more likely to get? A. Diabetes and liver disease B. Sickle-cell anemia and diabetes C. Cancer and sickle-cell anemia D. Cancer and heart disease Question 29: What does the word “ they” in line 12 refer to? A. Africans B. Europeans C. groups D. both (A) & (B) Question 30: What is the author saying in the last paragraph? A. Races differ a lot in their genetic makeup. B. Genetic differences aren't significant between races. C. All races are descendants of the same woman. D. Genetic makeup affects people's physical attributes. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction. Question 31: The nitrogen makes up over 78 percent of the Earth’s atmosphere, A B C the gaseous mass surrounding the planet. D Question 32: Rainwater carries unused chemicals from fields into streams or A B lakes, where various compounds promote the rate growing of weeds. C D Question 33: The warning of the Earth, which is primarily caused by the A B accumulation of gases, are known as the greenhouse effect C D Question 34: Nuclear reactors produce energy by split the atom in the target A B C material into two nearly equal parts. D Question 35: To enjoy an opera fully, the listeners should be familiar with the A B summary of the plot, particularly if the opera is singing in a foreign language. C D Question 36: Artificial sweeteners known as cyclamates banned because of evidence A B C that they caused cancer in laboratory rats. D Question 37: Neither of the scout leaders know how to trap wild animals or A B C how to prepare them for mounting. D Question 38: Although both of them are trying to get the scholarship, she has A B C the highest grades. D Question 39: A five-thousand-dollars reward was offered for the capture of A B C the escaped criminals. D Question 40: The equipment in the office was badly in need of to be repaired A B C D Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following Page 5 questions. Question 41: Not only the most populous city in the United States in 1890, but it had also become the most congested. A. was New York city B. that New York city was C. New York city was D. has New York city Question 42. Natural silk is still highly prized similar artificial fabrics. A. although available B. despite there are available C. in spite of the availability of D. even though an availability of Question 43. through a prism, a beam of white light breaks into all colors of the rainbow. A. When shines B. If shines C. It is shone D. When shone Question 44. , I went for a swim largely as a means of letting off steam. A. Feeling very annoying B. Annoying very much C. Feeling very annoyed D. Felt very much annoyed Question 45. He agreed to accept the position a share of the company’s profits. A. in the agreement that he would be giving B. with the aim that he would be received C. with the purpose that he would give D. on the understanding that he would be given Question 46. , the most popular themes are love, jealousy and revenge, disaster and adventure. A. Because folk ballads stem from the everyday life of common people. B. There are folk ballads stemming from the everyday life of common people. C. With folk ballads stem from the everyday life of common people. D. Folk ballads to stem from the everyday life of common people. Question 47. Tom’s score on the test is the highest in the class, A. he should study hard last night B. he should have studied hard last night. C. he must have studied hard last night D. he could have studied hard last night. Question 48. Thomas Jefferson served as president of the American Philosophical Society, an organization . A. that encouraged a wide range of scientific and intellectual research. B. what encouraged a wide range of scientific and intellectual research. C. which a wide range of scientific and intellectual research was encouraged. D. encouraged a wide range of scientific and intellectual research. Question 49. Thirty-eight national sites are known as parks, another eighty-two as monuments, and A. the another one hundred seventy-eight as historical sites. B. the other one hundred seventy-eight as historical sites. C. seventy eight plus one hundred more as historical sites. D. as historical sites one hundred seventy-eight. Question 50. He has received several scholarships . A. not only because of his artistic but his academic ability. B. for both his academic and artistic ability. C. because of his academic and artistic and ability. D. as resulting of his ability in the art and the academy. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. Question 51. I am afraid a rise in the salary is A. out of sight B. out of control C. out of date D. out of the question. Question 52. The city libraries present a gloomy picture of the who used to flock the libraries every evening. A. gradual reduction of readers. B. gradual readers reduction. C. gradual readers of reduction D. reduction gradual readers. Page 6 Question 53. The evidence was only circumstantial. , he was convicted and spent ten years in prison for a crime that he perhaps did not commit. A. Event that B. Even so C. Even though D. Even if Question 54. As it by the sea, it became a favorite place for various members of the family to visit. A. is perfected situated B. is situated perfect C. perfectly situates D. is perfectly situated Question 55. I am full of the Vietnamese footballers when they successfully won the match with the Thai team. A. admiration for B. admiring for C. admiration to D. admiring on Question 56. The football team has made impressive progress under the leadership of A. the young energetic leader B. an energetic young leader C. an energetic young leader C. a young energetic leader. Question 57. He was especially interested in such work, and had recently helped to organize the first Brazilian school for deaf-mutes at Rio de Janeiro. A. human B. humanitarian C. humanity D. humanistic Question 58. He resembles his father in appearance very much. A. looks after B. names after C. takes after D. calls after Question 59. She missed the picnic because she came the flu. A. up with B. up against C. down with D. up to Question 60. Northern Ireland holds a major conference for U.S firms this week as it seeks to attract foreign business to the province. A. capital B. investiture C. blockade D. investment Question 61. He is extremely about the history of art. A. knowledgeable B. known C. knowledge D. acknowledged Question 62. We are considering having for the coming New Year. A. redecorated our flat B. to redecorate our flat C. our flat to be redecorated D. our flat redecorated Question 63. several football - players who were interviewed Hong Son. A. Among/ were B. Among/ had C. One of/ were D. Among/ was Question 64. Vietnam was to host SEA Games 22. A. a nation B. the nation C. nation D. one nation Question 65. He was happy to find the kind of job A. which they had train him for B. that he had training for C. for which he had trained D. that was for his training Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. Question 66: experiences/wild/ northern country/ provide/ material/ many/ later/ story/ novel A. His experiences in the wild northern country provided material for many of his later stories and novels B. His experiences in the wild northern country provided with material for many of his later stories and novels C. His experiences in the wild northern country provided material for many from his later stories and novels D. His experiences of the wild northern country provided material for many of his later stories and novels Question 67: conservation/ include/ search/ alternative fuels/ energy/ wind/ sun A. Conservation is also including searching alternative fuels, such as energy of the wind or the sun. B. Conservation is also included searching alternative fuels, such as energy of the wind or the sun. C. Conservation also includes the searching alternative fuels, such as energy of the wind or the sun. D. Conservation also includes searching alternative fuels, such as energy of the wind or the sun. Question 68: James Watt/ invention/ steam/ engine/ famous/ world/ Scottish scientist. A. James Watt whose invention of steam engine is famous all the world is a Scottish scientist. B. James Watt whose invention of steam engine is famous throughout the world was a Scottish scientist C. James Watt, whose invention of steam engine is famous throughout the world, was a Scottish scientist Page 7 D. James Watt whose invention of steam engine is famous round the world, is a Scottish scientist Question 69: regard/ your application/ regret/ inform/ vacancy/ already/ fill A. As regards your application, I regret to inform you that the vacancy has already been filled. B. As regards your application, I regret informing you that the vacancy has already been filled. C. As regards your application, I regret to inform you that the vacancy has already filled. D. As regards to your application, I regret to inform you that the vacancy has already been filled. Question 70: many/ people/ not/ difference/ original painting/ copy A. Many people can’t explain the difference between an original painting and its copy. B. Many people can’t say the difference between an original painting and its copy. C. Many people can’t speak the difference between an original painting and its copy. D. Many people can’t tell the difference between an original painting and its copy. Question 71: In India I shall be spending most of my time in New Delhi. The shade temperature there can reach 45 o C in June. A. In India I shall be spending most of my time in New Delhi where the shade temperature can reach 45 o C in June. B. In India I shall be spending most of my time in New Delhi, where the shade temperature can reach 45 o C in June. C. In India I shall be spending most of my time in New Delhi which the shade temperature can reach 45 o C in June. D. In India I shall be spending most of my time in New Delhi where the shade temperature can reach 45 o C in June. Question 72: Very few students understood his lecture. The subject of his lecture was very confusing. A. Very few students understood his lecture of whish the subject of his lecture was very confusing. B. Very few students understood his lecture, which the subject of was very confusing. C. Very few students understood his lecture, the subject of which was very confusing. D. The subject of his lecture was very confusing which very few students understood. Question 73: Pele became an international ambassador for the sport. He worked to promote peace and understanding through friendly sports activities. A. Becoming an international ambassador for the sport, Pele had worked to promote peace and understanding through friendly sports activities. B. Pele became an international ambassador for the sport, worked to promote peace and understanding through friendly sports activities. C. Pele became an international ambassador for the sport that worked to promote peace and understanding through friendly sports activities. D. Pele became an international ambassador for the sport, working to promote peace and understanding through friendly sports activities. Question 74: My father likes nothing better than fishing on a hot, summer day. A. My father doesn't like fishing on a hot, summer day. B. Although he likes fishing he doesn't want to do it on a hot, summer day. C. Fishing is my father's favorite enjoyment on a hot, summer day. D. Fishing is better than doing nothing on a hot, summer day. Question 75: If I hadn't had so much work to do I would have gone to the movies. A. I never go to the movies if I have work to do. B. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work. C. A lot of work couldn't prevent me from going to the movies. D. Because I had to do so much work I couldn't go to the movies. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions. Question 76: A. relative B. shopkeeper C. tomato D. usually Question 77: A. autumn B. because C. college D. football Question 78: A.pharmaceutical B.Mediterranean C.methodology D. miniscences Page 8 Question 79: A. democratic B. depositor C.development D. divisible Question 80: A. economy B. electrify C. continuous D. eneralizing . Page 1 ĐỀ SỐ 17 Đề thi thử đại học lần I/(2012) - Trường chuyên Khoa học Tự nhiên Mã đề thi 712 ĐỀ THI GỒM 80 CÂU (TỪ QUESTION 1 ĐẾN QUESTION 80) Neptune would not be planets either, according to this definition! Only five percent of the astronomical community voted on this issue, and critics say this decision was not based on the community. differences between people of different races. This means that the argument which claims that genetic differences make one race superior to another is nothing but a tall story. The differences in