Role Of Compressed Air System In Textile Industries

Role of Compressed Air System in Textile Industries UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AELYA SHAH Agenda  Introduction  Use of Compressed Air in Textile Industry  Applications  Compressed Air System  Types of Compressor  Compressor used in Textile Industry  Optimization of Air System  Minimizing Compressed Air Cost Introduction  Compressed air, also referred to as the "4 th Utility" (after electricity, water & steam) is one of the major energy consumption utility in any industry.  Various estimates indicate that about 4,000- 5,000 MW is consumed nation wide by the compressors and its related accessories & support systems.  It is a well-known fact that of the life cycle cost of any compressor, 85-90% is towards energy and only 10-15% towards initial investment & maintenance.  Hence, the design and selection of the right compressor assumes great significance while setting up your air system. It is very important on the part of each one of us using compressed air to understand a simple fact that "Air is free but compressed air is not!" Use of Compressed Air in Textile Industry In Textile manufacturing units, generally following Compressed air powered pneumatic systems are used:  Spinning machine (for control purpose through valves and cylinders)  Loom Jet Weaving (for the insertion of weft).  Winding machine (for the purpose of splicing of yarn) Use of Compressed Air in Textile Industry  Stacking Device  Printing machines  Thread Detector  Sewing Machine  Texturising  Automated Equipment  Agitating Liquids  Cleaning  Pneumatic control and actuators  System Cooling  Clamping  Blowing out residual / dust material  Sewing Needle  Conveying Applications Compressed Air System The compressed air system mainly consists of: • Supply side • Distribution & • Demand side  Compressed air systems consist of a supply side, which includes compressors and air treatment.  and a demand side, which includes distribution and storage systems and end-use equipment.  A properly managed supply side will result in clean, dry, stable air being delivered at the appropriate pressure in a dependable, cost-effective manner.  A properly managed demand side minimizes wasted air and uses compressed air for appropriate applications. Compressed Air System [...].. .compressed air sub system As such the compressed air system has following six major sub systems Air compressors •Controls Air Quality •Storage •Distribution •Demand (consumption) Air- receiver  The compressed air generated by compressor is stored in the Air- receiver of sufficient capacity to smoothen fluctuations in the supply of compressed air vis-a-vis demand from individual consumption points... points (machines) The air receiver helps also in cooling of air and this facilitates removal of much of the moisture in the air which is harmful for the pneumatic system Air- dryer  For large users/bigger compressors air dryer units are provided  The air dryer units of two types are normally employed in the mills 1.heatless dryer 2.refrigerated air dryer Air- dryer  Although, the refrigerated air dryer... health of the compressors and the support systems 6 Optimise the controls to match the system dynamics Minimizing Compressed Air Cost  Compressed air cost can be minimize broadly in two ways 1 By minimizing wasteful consumption of compressed air i.e by preventing compressed air leakages 2 By improving the efficiency of compressors ... of air compressors normally used in the industry is as follows: Type of Air Compressor Capacity Range (cfm) Reciprocating Compressor, Single Stage Reciprocating, Two Stage Upto 50 cfm Screw Compressors 150-2500cfm Centrifugal Compressors 2000-4000cfm 50-600 cfm Optimization of Air System The six steps to optimize an air system are following Demand Side 1 Establish your correct air needs for the pointsof-use... refrigerated air dryer has higher initial cost, it has less operational cost than the heatless type This is because in heatless dryer about 10-12% of compressed air is lost in purging thereby wasting costly electrical energy  The air dryer helps in making the compressed air almost 100% dry – which is essential for some machines such as Air jet looms Air distribution  As regards air distribution network,... are used In fact, for many large textile units who have been using positive displacement technology for the last 5-10 years or above can ideally look to incorporate the centrifugal technology, which will have payback of less than 2 years in most cases Capacity range of air compressors The compressor capacity is stated in terms of cfm i.e cubic feet per minute of air (being compressed or free air delivery)... lubrication of the compressed air  The filteration is ensured by providing filters in the pipe line after the air receiver These can remove dust particles upto 5 micron size Pressure regulation  Pressure regulation i.e maintaining the desired air pressure for the machines used is achieved by the use of air pressure regulator Lubrication  For reducing friction and wear and tear and preventing corrosion,... tear, much lower maintenance costs have made this compressor very popular with all users  These are available from 250 hp to 5,000 hp and upward as well Compressor used in Textile Industry:  Reciprocating type of compressors were normally in use in the textile industry  However, of late screw compressors are being preferred as these are more energy efficient as compared to reciprocating compressors... kg/cm 2in the longest line  The pipe sizes are to be decided based on this consideration Also the pipe lines should be of minimum length with less bends and fittings  This will ensure minimum wastage of electrical power Air filter  For the proper and trouble free operation of pneumatic systems provided for the machines, it is essential to ensure filteration, pressure regulation and lubrication of the... proper lubrication of compressed air is necessary This is achieved by the ‘oil-fog’ air line lubricator TYPES OF COMPRESSOR: TYPES OF COMPRESSOR  Air compressors are mainly classified in two types based on their construction & operation: 1 Positive displacement (Reciprocating & Rotary compressors) 2.Dynamic type (Centrifugal & Axial flow compressors) Positive-Displacement Compressors  In the positive-displacement . Role of Compressed Air System in Textile Industries UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AELYA SHAH Agenda  Introduction  Use of Compressed Air in Textile Industry  Applications  Compressed. Industry  Applications  Compressed Air System  Types of Compressor  Compressor used in Textile Industry  Optimization of Air System  Minimizing Compressed Air Cost Introduction  Compressed air, also. " ;Air is free but compressed air is not!" Use of Compressed Air in Textile Industry In Textile manufacturing units, generally following Compressed air powered pneumatic systems