Effect of physical properties of cotton on enzyme concentration

INFLUENCE OF ENZYMES ON TEXTILE WET PROCESSING Aravin Prince Periyasamy aravinprince@gmail.com 1 ENZYMES  Enzymes - Greek word “Enzymos” Meaning - in the cell / from the cell’.  Enzymes – Proteins composed of amino acids, produced by all living organisms  Responsible for number of reactions & biological activities.  Enzymes - Work efficiently and rapidly & biodegradable.  Enzymes types - Malt, Bacterial, Pancreatic etc,  Major functions - Hydrolysis, Oxidation, Reduction Coagulation & Decomposition. 2 HYDROLASES ENZYME  Hydrolases - Mostly used enzyme in textiles.  These enzymes are mostly preferred due to following reasons 1) Accelerate the rate of the reaction 2) Specific in action 3) Low temperature operation 4) Safe and easy to control. 5) Replace harsh chemicals 6) No pollution 7) Biologically degradable 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES Used during the process & can be recovered at the end Requires low activation energy - reaction conditions are close to the ambient. Sharp control over process conditions - very sensitive to pH & temp variations. Eco-friendly & accomplish their work quickly and efficiently without leaving any pollutants behind. 4 ENZYMATIC MECHANISM First suggested by Emil Fischer in 1890s. Enzymes - particular shape - substrate fit exactly like “Lock and Key” model. The active centers in the enzymes (Fissures, Holes, Pockets, Cavities or Hollows) form complex with the substrate. The bio-reaction in this complex & its destruction - release of original enzyme and the product. 5 Enzymatic mechanism 6 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS 2 types of fabrics Plain cotton woven fabric - desizing, Scouring, Bio-polishing 3/1 twill weave Denim fabric - Denim washing Plain cotton woven fabric Weave : Plain Woven Fabric EPI : 80 PPI : 60 GSM : 130 Warp Count : 60s Ne Weft Count : 60s Ne Denim fabric Weave : 3/1 Twill Woven Fabric EPI : 26 PPI : 20 GSM : 180 Warp Count : 18sNe Weft Count : 26s Ne ENZYMATIC DESIZING Most effective & widely used method for the removal of Starch. Use Starch liquefying enzymes in required quantity under controlled condition of pH and temperature. Amylase enzyme from Malt extract were first used to degrade starch-based sizes for cheap and effective desizing. Two categories of amylase α-amylase β-amylase 8 ENZYMATIC DESIZING (Contd…) α-amylase attacks the starch randomly & form Dextrins. Very rapid in action & produce simple water soluble sugars. The β-amylase converts starch into maltose & it is slower in the rate of action. The rate of desizing depends on the ratio of these two amylases. Higher α-amylase content - faster reaction & vice versa. 9 MECHANISM OF DESIZING BY α- AMYLASE ENZYME [...]... Add the water and Laccase enzyme Run the fabric for 60 min Drain Cold wash Dry 29 EFFECT OF BIO POLISHING Before enzyme treatment After enzyme treatment BIO POLISHING EFFECT OF CELLULASE ON BIO POLISHING EFFICIENCY Enzyme used: Cellulase Enzyme Enzyme Conc Used %(o.w.f) Parameters 1% Weight loss % 1.5% 2% 1.5% 2% 3% EFFECT OF CELLULASE ON BIO POLISHING EFFICIENCY 3.5 3 Enzyme Conc % 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0... 4.5 Cottanase T 20 Conc.(%) Amylase 9 % ADVANTAGES OF BIO-SCOURING  Milder conditions of processing and excellent absorbency in goods  No Oxy-cellulose formation and less strength loss  Uniform removal of waxes  Highly suitable for scouring of blends  Low TDS in discharge  Compared to conventional fabric is softer 20 APPLICATION OF ENZYME ON FINISHING Finishing - value addition process - hides... aesthetic value Enzymes application area in finishing process Bio-washing Bio-polishing The fashionable stone wash look of denim garment and other processes – applications of cellulose finishing 21 DENIM WASHING Denim fabric - woven fabric of 3/1 twill weave coarse counts of yarn Warp - Indigo dyed yarn Weft- Grey yarn Conventional method - faded effect achieved by acid / stone wash Stone wash – garment/fabric... 3.0 4.5 1.8 1.6 EFFECT OF PECTINASE ON SCOURING EFFICIENCY 3.5 Absorbency (Sec) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1.5 3 4.5 Pectinase Conc.(%) Amylase 3 % Amylase 6 % Amylase 9 % BIO SCOURING EFFECT OF COTTANASE T ON SCOURING EFFICIENCY Sl No Desizing conc (%) 3 6 9 1 Cottonase Conc (%) 1.5 3 4.5 1.5 3.0 4.5 1.5 3.0 4.5 2 Absorbency (Sec) 4.4 4.2 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.0 2.7 2.6 EFFECT OF COTTANASE T ON SCOURING EFFICIENCY... WASHING (Contd…) Enzyme used - Cellulase enzymes Advantages  Completely eliminate stone as the abrasive agent in denim wash  Prevent damage to washing machines & garments  Eliminates disposal of the used stones  Improves the quality of the waste water  No environmental pollution  Reduces processing time  Saves chemical & energy costs BIO WASHING EFFECT OF LACCASE ON BIO WASHING EFFICIENCY Enzyme. .. EFFICIENCY Enzyme used: Laccase Enzyme Parameters Weight loss % Enzyme Conc Used %(o.w.f) 1% 1.5% 2% 2% 2.5% 3% STONE + STONE WASH ENZYME WASH 10% 12% e e ne st o c o c +e n c 1 c % e sh 2 % % 5 1 nz ym w a n c o n o ne c e st o zy m zy m zy m 0 en en en % of Weight loss EFFECT OF LACCASE ON BIO WASHING EFFICIENCY 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 weight loss% BIO POLISHING To remove every kind of impurity + ends protruding... less energy consumption No damages to materials 34 REFERENCES Application of Bio-Technology in Textiles/ Asian Dyer Oct 06 Application of enzyme in textile processing – by Dr Bhaarathi dhurai www.fiber2fashion.com/articles/biotech.453h tml www.biocon.com/products/textilefinishing www.resil.com/products www.mapsenzyme.com/developments www.bharattextile.com/newsletter www.textileinfo.com/enzymes REFERENCE... SEQUENCES Recipe α Amylase enzyme – 3%, 6% & 9% o.w.f wetting agent – 0.5% o.w.f pH – 8-10 M:L- 1:40 Temp - 55°c Time – 1 hr Sequence Treat the fabric with the given recipe Raise the temp of the bath to 55°c for 1 hr Taken out the material and rinse with hot & cold water Squeeze Dry 11 Enzymatic desizing EFFECT OF AMYLASE ON DESIZING EFFICIENCY  Enzyme used: Amylase Enzyme S no Enzyme Conc & Parameters Untre... www.textileinfo.com/enzymes REFERENCE Application of Bio-Technology in Textiles/ Asian Dyer Oct 06  Application of enzyme in textile processing – by Dr Bhaarathi dhurai  www.fiber2fashion.com/articles/biotech.453html  www.biocon.com/products/textilefinishing  www.resil.com/products  www.mapsenzyme.com/developments  www.bharattextile.com/newsletter  www.textileinfo.com/enzymes  36 ... Weight loss % 2 weight loss % BIO POLISHING (Contd…) ADVANTAGES  Reduces the pilling tendency  Cleans the fabric surface & reduces fluff  Improves handle properties like softness & flexibility  Improves fabric drape  Improves the hydrophilic properties  Improves dyestuff affinity, yield, levelness & brilliance CONCLUSION Thus the “ENZYMES” replaces traditional method with more advantages such as Replacing . degradable 3 CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES Used during the process & can be recovered at the end Requires low activation energy - reaction conditions are close to the ambient. Sharp control over process conditions. Pancreatic etc,  Major functions - Hydrolysis, Oxidation, Reduction Coagulation & Decomposition. 2 HYDROLASES ENZYME  Hydrolases - Mostly used enzyme in textiles.  These enzymes are mostly preferred. DESIZING Most effective & widely used method for the removal of Starch. Use Starch liquefying enzymes in required quantity under controlled condition of pH and temperature. Amylase enzyme from