PREPOSITIONS AND ARTICLES HAY NHẤT

PREPOSITIONS AND ARTICLES HAY NHT I. Prepositions: 1. AT: a. For time: - at 4 oclock, at 5 pm - at last/ first - at night/ noon/ midnight - at the moment - at Christmas, at Easter - at present - at once - at the age of - at sunset/ sunrise - at weekends - at the same time b. For places: - at home/ school/ work - at the theatre - at the seaside - at the corner of the street - at the grocers, - at the shop - at the top - at the bottom - at the foot of the page - at the biginning of/ at the end of: vào lúc đầu/ cuối - ( To arrive) at the airport/ rainway station. 2. IN: a. For time: - In đợc dùng trớc năm, tháng, mùa, buổi ( trừ at night, at noon). Ex1: . in 1990, in August, in Spring, in the morning. - In time: đúng giờ. b. For places: - In: ở trong in the living room/ in the box. - In đợc dùng trớc các thành phố, đất nớc, miền, phơng hớng: in London, in Hanoi, in France, in the east - in the street/ sky - in my opinion - in good/ bad weather - in the newspaper - in the middle of - in English/ German - in the rain/ sun - in the dark - in + time( in 2 days) - in the water/ river/ sea - in a line/ queue - in a picture/ mirror/ photo - in bed/ hospital/ prison - in the end:( cuối cùng) - in love with 3. ON. a. For time: - On đợc dùng trớc thứ ( ngày trong tuần) eg. on Sunday - On đợc dùng trớc ngày tháng eg. on August 12 th - On time : đúng giờ( chính xác) - On Christmas day - On holiday/ on a trip/ on a tour - On the occasion of: nhân dịp b. For places: - On : ở trên Ex1: on the table - on the phone - On horseback: trên lng ngựa - on a diet - On foot : bằng chân( đi bộ) - on fire - On TV / on radio - on the left/ right - On the beach - on the 1 st floor 4. BY. - By đợc dùng trong câu bị động nghĩa là bởi. - By đợc dùng để chỉ phơng tiện đi lại( by bike, by car ) - By the time : trớc khi - By chance : tình cờ - Learn by heart: học thuộc lòng 5. OUT OF: ra khỏi. Ex1: He came out of the house. / He is looking out of the window. 6. WITH: - With: có nghĩa là có, mang, cùng: eg. A girl with blue eyes./ a coat with two pockets. - With đợc dùng để chỉ một công cụ, phơng tiện. Ex1: Hes writing with a pen - With đợc dùng để chỉ sự liên hệ hoặc đồng hành, có nghĩa cùng với Ex2: Im living with my parents. - With còn có nghĩa là với Do you agree with me? Prepositions following Adjectives: 1. OF: - ashamed of: xấu hổ về - hopeful of: hy vọng - afraid of: sợ, e ngại - independent of: độc lập - ahead of: trớc - proud of: tự hào - aware of: nhận thức - jealous of: ghen tỵ với - capable of: có khả năng - guilty of: phạm tội( về), có tội - confident of :tin tởng - sick of: chán nản về - doubtful of: nghi ngờ - joyful of: vui mừng về - fond of: thích - quick of: nhanh chóng về - full of: đầy 2. TO: - acceptable to: có thể chấp nhận - likely to: có thể - accustomed to: quen với - lucky to: may mắn - agreeable to: có thể đồng ý - next to: kế bên - addicted to: đam mê - open to: mở - delightful to smb: thú vị đối với ai - pleasant to: hài lòng - familiar to smb: quen thuộc đối với ai - preferable to: đáng thích hơn - clear to: rõ ràng - profitable to: có lợi - contrary to: trái lại, đối lập - rude to: thô lỗ, cộc cằn - equal to: tơng đơng với, bằng - similar to: giống, tơng tự - favourable to: tán thành, ủng hộ - useful to smb: có ích cho ai - grateful to smb: biết ơn ai - necessary to smt/ smb:cần thiết cho ai/cái gì - harmful to smb/ for smt:có hại cho ai/ cái gì - available to smb/ for smt: sẵn cho ai/cái gì - important to: quan trọng - responsible to smb: có trách nhiệm với ai 3. FOR: - difficult for: khó - sorry for: xin lỗi - late for: trễ - qualified for: có phẩm chất - dangerous for: nguy hiểm - helpful/ useful for: có lợi/ có ích - famous for: nổi tiếng - good for: tốt cho - greedy for: tham lam - grateful for smt: biết ơn về việc - necessary for: cần thiết - convenient for: thuận lợi cho - perfect for: hoàn hảo - ready for smt: sẵn sàng cho việc gì - suitable for: thích hợp - responsible for smt: chịu trách nhiệm về việc gì 4. AT: - good at: giỏi (về ) - excellent at: xuất sắc về - bad at: dở( về ) - present at: hiện diện - clever at: khéo léo, thông minh về - surprised at: ngạc nhiên - skillful at: khéo léo, có kỹ năng về - angry at smt: giận về điều gì - quick at: nhanh - clumsy at: vụng về - amazed at: ngạc nhiên - annoy at smt: khó chịu về điều gì - amused at: vui về 5. WITH: - delighted with: vui mừng với - busy with: bận - aquainted with: làm quen( với ai ) - familiar with: quen thuộc - crowded with: đông đúc - furious with: phẫn nộ - angry with: giận dữ - pleased with: hài lòng - friendly with: thân mật - popular with: phổ biến - bored with: chán - satisfied with: thỏa mãn với - fed up with: chán - contrasted with: tơng phản với 6. ABOUT: - confused about: bối rối (về ) - serious about: nghiêm túc - excited about: hào hứng - upset about: thất vọng - happy about: vui, hạnh phúc - worried about: lo lắng - sad about: buồn - anxious about: lo lắng - disappointed about smt: thất vọng về cái gì 7. IN: - interested in: thích, quan tâm về - successful in: thành công về - rich in: giàu về - confident in smb: tin cậy vào ai 8. FROM: - isolated from: bị cô lập - far from: xa - absent from: vắng mặt ( khỏi ) - safe from: an toàn - different from: khác - divorced from: ly dị, làm xa rời 9. ON: - keen on: hăng hái về 10. Notes: - be tired of: chán eg. Im tired of doing the same work every day. - be tired from: mệt vì eg. Im tired from walking for a long time. - be grateful to smb for smt: biết ơn ai về vấn đề gì eg. Im grateful to you for your help. - be responsible to smb for smt: chịu trách nhiệm với ai về việc gì. eg. You have to be responsible to me for your actions. - good/ bad for: tốt/ xấu cho , good/ bad at: giỏi/ dở về eg. Milk is good for your health. / She is bad at mathematics. Prepositions following verbs/ two-word verbs. - apologize sb for st: xin lỗi ai về việc gì - approve of st to sb: đồng ý về việc gì với ai - admire sb of st: khâm phục ai về việc gì - participate in: tham gia - belong to sb: thuộc về ai - succeed in: thành công về - accuse sb of st: tố cáo ai về việc gì - prevent sb from: ngăn ai khỏi - blame sb for st: đổ lỗi cho ai về việc gì - provide with: cung cấp - differ from: khác với - agree with: đồng ý với - introduce to sb:giới thiệu với ai - beg for st: xin, van nài cho - give up: từ bỏ - borrow st from sb: mợn cái gì của ai - look at: nhìn vào - depend on/ rely on: dựa vào, phụ thuộc vào - look after: trông nom, chăm sóc - die of( a disease): chết vì - look for: tìm kiếm - join in: tham gia vào - look up: tra từ.( trong từ điển) - escape from: thoát khỏi - look forward to: mong đợi - insist on: khăng khăng - put on: mang vào, mặc vào - change into, turn into: hóa ra - put off: hoãn lại -wait for sb: chờ ai - stand for: tợng trng - arrive at( station, bus stop, airport ) đến - call off: hủy bỏ, hoãn các địa điểm nhỏ - object to sb/ Ving: phản đối ai/ việc gì - arrive in( London, Paris, England ) đến - infer from: suy ra từ thành phố hay đất nớc - congratulate sb on st: chúc mừng ai . II. ARTICLES: A, An, The: 1 - A , An an - đợc dùng: - Trớc 1 danh từ số ít đếm đợc bắt đầu bằng 5 nguyên âm (vowel) a, e, i, o, u - Các danh từ bắt đầu bằng h câm. ví dụ: u : an uncle. h : an hour, honest, honor a : đợc dùng: - trớc 1 danh từ bắt đầu bằng phụ âm . Ex1: a book, a pen - dùng trớc một danh từ bắt đầu bằng .uni : a university, a uniform, a universal, - đợc dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lợng nhất định. Ex1 : a lot of, a couple, a dozen, a great many, a great deal of. - trớc half khi nó theo sau 1 đơn vị nguyên vẹn. Ex2 : a kilo, a half Chú ý: 1/2 kg = half a kilo ( không có a trớc half). - dùng trớc half khi nó đi với 1 danh từ khác tạo thành từ ghép. Ex3 : a half-holiday nửa kỳ nghỉ, a half-share : nửa cổ phần. - dùng trớc các tỷ số nh 1/3, 1 /4, 1/5, = a third, a quarter, a fifth hay one third, one fourth, one fifth . 2 - The - The + N + of + N. Ex4 : the girl in blue; the gulf of Mexico; the United States of America. - The + N + who, which Ex5 : the boy whom I met; the place where I met him. - The + tính từ so sánh bậc nhất hoặc số từ thứ tự: Ex6 : The first week; the only way, the best, the final - The + adj ( the young, the blind, . Ex7 : the old , The disabled , The unemployed - The + sa mc, i dng Ex8 : The Shahara, The Netherlands, The Atlantic. - The + East / West/ South/ North + N. Ex9 : the East/ West end, The North , the South Pole. - The + nhc c the guitar, the piano. Ex10 : the Bach choir, the Philadenphia Orchestra, the Beatles. - The + tên các tờ báo lớn/ các con tu biển/ kinh khí cầu. Ví dụ: The Titanic, the Time, the Great Britain. Note: - Không dùng the trớc: Home, church, bed, court, hospital, prison, school, college, university Ex11 : He is at home. I arrived home before dark. I sent him home. | to bed ( để ngủ) to church (để cầu nguyện) to court (để kiện tụng) We go to hospital (chữa bệnh) to prison (đi tù) to school / college/ university (để học) Bảng dùng the và không dùng the trong một số trờng hợp đặc biệt. Dùng the Không dùng the Trớc các đại dơng, sông ngòi, biển, vịnh và các hồ ở số nhiều. Ví dụ: Trớc tên 1 hồ (hay các hồ ở số ít). Ví dụ: Lake Geneva, Lake Erie The Red sea, the Atlantic Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Great Lakes. Trớc tên các dãy núi. Ví dụ: The Rockey Moutains Trớc tên 1 vật thể duy nhất trên thế giới hoặc vũ trụ. Ví dụ: The earth, the moon, the Great Wall Trớc School/college/university + of + noun Ví dụ: The University of Florida. The college of Arts and Sciences. Trớc các số thứ tự + noun. Ví dụ: The first world war. The third chapter. Trớc các cuộc chiến tranh khu vực với điều kiện tên các khu vực đó phải đợc tính từ hoá. Ví dụ: The Korean war. Trớc tên các nớc có từ 2 từ trở lên. Ngoại trừ Great Britain. Ví dụ: The United States, the United Kingdom, the Central Africal Republic. Trớc tên các nớc đợc coi là 1 quần đảo. Ví dụ: The Philipin. Trớc các tài liệu hoặc sự kiện mang tính lịch sử. Ví dụ: The constitution, the Magna Carta. Trớc tên các nhóm dân tộc thiểu số. Ví dụ: The Indians, the Aztecs. Nên dùng trớc tên các nhạc cụ. Ví dụ: To play the piano. Trớc tên các môn học cụ thể. Ví dụ: The applied Math. The theoretical Physics. Trớc tên 1 ngọn núi Ví dụ: Mount Mckinley Trớc tên các hành tinh hoặc các chùm sao Ví dụ: Venus, Mars, Earth, Orion Trớc tên các trờng này khi trớc nó là 1 tên riêng. Ví dụ: CoopersArt school, Stetson University. Trớc các danh từ mà sau nó là 1 số đếm. Ví dụ: World war one chapter three Không nên dùng trớc tên các cuộc chiến tranh khu vực nếu tên khu vực để nguyên. Trớc tên các nớc có 1 từ nh : Sweden, Venezuela và các nớc đợc đứng trớc bởi new hoặc tính từ chỉ phơng hớng. Ví dụ: New Zealand, South Africa. Trớc tên các lục địa, tiểu bang, tỉnh, thành phố, quận, huyện. Ví dụ: Europe, California. Trớc tên bất cứ môn thể thao nào. Ví dụ: Base ball, basket ball. Trớc tên các danh từ mang tính trừu t- ợng trừ những trờng hợp đặc biệt. Ví dụ: Freedom, happiness. Trớc tên các môn học chung. Ví dụ: Mathematics, Sociology Trớc tên các ngày lễ, tết. Ví dụ: Christmas, thanksgiving. Trớc tên các bữa n : breakfast, lunch , dinner EXERCISE: I/PREPOSITIONS: 1. Translate this article English for me, please. 2. You remind me my sister. 3. We can see many stars . .the sky at night. 4. Children like to go to the circus . . sunday 5. Who is talking . . the phone, my dear? 6. when I saw Lan. She was talking a friend hers. 7. My wife has been Ho Chi Minh city several times 8. he is very interested football. 9. Do you go to school car or foot. 10. She is good English. 11. They have only been there a few minutes. 12. The canoe overturned and evryone fell the deep water. 13. Do you mind if I sit the front seat the car? 14. Donna is thinking importing flowers Vietnam. 15. Would you mind if I had a look your luggage? 16. How going to Ben Thanh Market this afternoon? 17. You can use dictionary to find new words 18. They are very proud their new house. 19. They named their daughter their favorite singers. 20. The passage is written English 21. I'll come to pick her at 8 o'clock 22. Mrs Lan called her newspaper delivery. 23. He worked very hard and finally came a very important invention 24. I couldn’t meet Mrs Chi because she's 25. Tam had high marks exams working very hard school 26. To be remember of our organization, you can register today 27. That's very kind you to help me this math problem. 28. It has rained two o'clock. 29. Try to learn the meaning of new words heart. 30. Please wait me a few minutes. 31. In this respect, french differs English 32. This restaurant is famous its Chinese dishes. 33. She enjoys participating raising funds for the poor. 34. The house is very dirty. We haven't cleaned it ages. 35. My grandmother prefers living in the countryside living in the city. 36. My parents are tired living in the city. 37. She’s looking forward seeing her sister 38. I’m grateful him a wonderful evening 39. Thank you advising me not to smoke 40. Jacson was late because he was not aware the time 41. Mary is sitting her father and mother 42. She’s looking forward seeing her sister 43. I’m grateful him a wonderful evening 44. Thank you advising me not to smoke 45. Jacson was late because he was not aware the time 46. Mary is sitting her father and mother 47. Pasteur devoted all his time science 48. Are you jealous his success. 49. He is so busy his work 50. They spend much time reading books Choose one correct answer: 1. She always takes good care _____ her children. A. for B. in C. of D. with 2. He jumped ______ until the stinging return to his feet. A. on and off B. out and in C. down and up D. up and down 3. I haven’t gone there _____ ages. A. with B. in C. for D. of 4. Most college football games are played ______ Saturdays. A. at B. in C. with D. on 5. Leaves turn color _______ the autumn. A. for B. on C. at D. in 6. _____ the whole, I enjoy the movie. A. On B. In C. At D. Up 7. She’ll come home ______ April. A. on B. in C. at D. for 8. Minh was born_____ Ho Chi Minh city. A. on B.at C.in D. up 9. Mai graduated _______ the University of Education. A. from B. at C. in D. for 10. English is spoken in many countries all _____ the world. A. in B. over C. at D. from 11. When we arrived _______ the station, the last train had just gone. A. in B. at C. for D. from 12. She was very surprise _____ the grade she received. A. on B. of C. at D. about 13. Blue grass music is somewhat different ____ other types of country music A.to B. from C. with D. upon 14. I’m not familiar _____that song. A. to B. with C. of D. on 15. We are here to provide you _____ the best service possible. A. of B. with C. to D. for 16. Are you interested _____ learning English? A. of B. with C. along D. in 17. He is very sucesssful _____ his job. A. for B. with C. in D. of 18. If you earn a good salary, you can be independent _____ your parents. A. of B. for C. from D. away 19. I will be responsible ______ what I do. A. with B. for C. from D. on 20. You cannot do well two jobs _____ same time. A. in B. at C. on D. for 21. Farmers get rid ______ weeds by spraying. A. off B. of C. out D. away 22. I’m fed ______ doing the same work everyday. A. out of B. forward to C. on to D. up with 23. The party begin at 7 o’clock and I’ll pick you _____ at 6: 30. A. on B. up C. away D. of 24. Washington state is famous ______ its apples. A. in B. for C. of D. with 25. This movie is based ______ a true story. A. about B. on C. to D. with 26. Is this type of soil suitable ______ growing tomatoes? A. for B. about C. in D. at 27. If you are not satisfied ______your essay, then I suggest that you rewrite it. A. to B. on C. with D. about 28. Do you belong ______ any clubs or organisations? A. on B. to C. for D. up 29. We should concentrate ______ solving this problem before we discuss the other ones. A. on B. in C. to D. at 30. Most essays consist ______ an introduction, a body and a conclusion. A. in B. of C. about D. with 31. People want friends they can rely _____ . A. up B. of C. in D. on 32. The accident resulted ______ several minor injuries. A. on B. in C. of D. at 33. Congratulations ______ your success! A. to B. on C. in D. up 34. My brother was married _______ one of the most famous actresses. A. to B. up C. with D. about 35. Many companies participated ______ the trade fair. A. for B. in C. to D. up 36. _____ general, I found zoology to be the easier subject than botany. A. On B. In C. At D. With 37. The Medical Center is close______ the school. A. to B. at C. next D. from A. ARTICLES: 1. My mother goes to church in ______ morning. A. x B. every C. the D. a 2. Harry is a sailor. He spends most of his life at _____ sea. A. a B. an C. the D. X 3. We had _____ dinner in a restaurant. A. a B. an C. x D. the 4. My daughter plays _____ piano very well. A. the B. a C. an D. X 5. Jill went to ______ hospital to see her friend. A. x B. the C. a D. an 6. Mrs Lan went to ______ school to meet her son’s daughter. A. x B. the C. a D. an 7. Carol went to ______ prison to meet her brother. A. the B. a C. an D. X 8. What did you have for ______ breakfast this morning. A. x B. a C. an D. the 9. London is _____ capital of England. A. an B. a C. x D. the 10. Toshi speaks ______ at home. A. the Japanese B. Japan C. the Japan D. Japanese 11. I would love to live by _____ sea. A. the B. a C. an D. X 12. For breakfast I had _____ sandwich and _____ apple. The sandwich wasn’t very nice. A. the / an B. a / the C. a / an D. the / the 13. What is ______ longest river in ______ world? A. the/ a B. a / the C. a / a D. the / the 14. This morning I bought a newspaper and a magazine. ______ newspaper is in my bag but I don’t know where ______ magazine is. A. a /a B. a / the C. the / the D. the / a 15. We live in ______ big house in ______ middle of the village. A. a / a B. a / the C. the / the D. the / a 16. We went out for ______ last night. _______ restaurant we went was excellent. A. a /a B. the / the C. a / the D. the / a 17. After _____ lunch, we went for a walk by ______ sea. A. the / the B.X/X C. X / the D. the / X 18. I never listen to _____ radio. In fact I haven’t got ______ radio. A. a /a B. a / the C. the / the D. the / a 19. It was a beautiful day. _______ sun shone brightly in _____ sky. A. a / a B. a / the C. the / the D. the / a 20. Barack Obama is _____ President of _____ United States. A. the/ the B. a/ ∅ C. the/ ∅ D. the/ an 21. _____ River Nile is _____ longest river of all. A. ∅/ ∅ B. A/ the C. The/ the D. ∅/ a 22. .By _____ time we had just left the office, _____ alarm went off. A. ∅/ the B. a/ an C. a/ the D. the/ an . PREPOSITIONS AND ARTICLES HAY NHT I. Prepositions: 1. AT: a. For time: - at 4 oclock, at 5 pm - at last/ first -. of D. with 2. He jumped ______ until the stinging return to his feet. A. on and off B. out and in C. down and up D. up and down 3. I haven’t gone there _____ ages. A. with B. in C. for D. of 4 love to live by _____ sea. A. the B. a C. an D. X 12. For breakfast I had _____ sandwich and _____ apple. The sandwich wasn’t very nice. A. the / an B. a / the C. a / an D. the / the 13. What