Renesas Electronics America Inc. © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved. Graphic System Design Considerations © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.2 Renesas Technology & Solution Portfolio © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.3 Microcontroller and Microprocessor Line-up Wide Format LCDs Industrial & Automotive, 130nm 350µA/MHz, 1µA standby 44 DMIPS, True Low Power Embedded Security, ASSP 165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC 1200 DMIPS, Performance 1200 DMIPS, Superscalar 500 DMIPS, Low Power 165 DMIPS, FPU, DSC 25 DMIPS, Low Power 10 DMIPS, Capacitive Touch Industrial & Automotive, 150nm 190µA/MHz, 0.3µA standby Industrial, 90nm 200µA/MHz, 1.6µA deep standby Automotive & Industrial, 90nm 600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby Automotive & Industrial, 65nm 600µA/MHz, 1.5µA standby Automotive, 40nm 500µA/MHz, 35µA deep standby Industrial, 40nm 200µA/MHz, 0.3µA deep standby Industrial, 90nm 1mA/MHz, 100µA standby Industrial & Automotive, 130nm 144µA/MHz, 0.2µA standby 2010 2012 32-bit8/16-bit © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.4 Challenge: “In the smart society we want more information and control over the power consumption of electronic devices.” Solution: “This class will show how to build a graphical user interface (GUI). GUIs can be used to provide a method for user input and control over power consumption of our electronics” ‘Enabling The Smart Society’ © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.5 Agenda Introduction Key System Design Requirements System Design Discussion System Design Example © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.6 Introduction © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.7 Introduction The following items are required for a graphical system Display – Screen showing desired graphics Display Driver – Moves pixels from framebuffer to display Framebuffer – Memory buffer(s) containing graphical content Drawing Engine – HW/SW responsible for drawing to framebuffer © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.8 Key Requirements © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.9 Key Requirements - Displays Thin Film Transistor (TFT) Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) Most common display technology in embedded systems Many varieties of LCDs (color, monochrome, grayscale, etc…) Requires backlight Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) Better contrast ratio than LCD Lighter than LCD Uses less power than LCD Electronic Paper Display (e-ink) Does not emit light No power required to maintain color Commonly used on electronic readers (Amazon Kindle) © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.10 Key Requirements - Display Controllers LCD TFT Controller External Typically 18 (RGB 6:6:6) or 24 (RGB 8:8:8) data lines Pixel Clock Data Enable Horizontal Sync Vertical Sync Video Output clk, hsync, vsync, desync and data Timing Controller clk, hsync, vsync, desync and data Additional derived Sync signals [...]... 3072 kB Flash 5MB SDRAM 256kB iRAM Conclusion 34 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved Conclusion Reviewed key requirements for graphical systems Discussed different types of graphical systems Performed an example system design 35 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved Questions? 36 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved ... suited for photographs Supports increased level of compression w/quality tradeoff © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Design Discussion 21 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Design Discussion – Low End System Display Monochrome Chip On Glass w/o internal timing controller Display Controller 80MHz MCU w/64kB SRAM/512kB flash TFT +... Advantages More colors, larger displays, and hw drawing engine Disadvantages Limited screen sizes and color formats 23 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Design Discussion – High End System Display 1920 x 1080 pixel 24bit RGB 8:8:8 w/internal timing control Display Controller 800 MHz MPU 32MB external DDR3 RAM 64MB External Flash TFT 24bit RGB 8:8:8... Advantages High colors, large displays, and 3D drawing engine Disadvantages Higher cost 24 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Design Example 25 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Example - Requirements Cluster (800x480) HUD (240x320) Automotive cluster w/HUD Memory – External serial flash 30MB/s – SDRAM 120MB/s Cluster – 800... America Inc All rights reserved Approximation of 2.5% overhead Example System - Drawing Time Summary Cluster Background: Cluster Center: Cluster Gauges: Total Cluster: HUD Layer 1: Total: ~0ms 9.6ms 0.83ms 10.43ms 2.1ms 12.53ms ≈ 80fps max Conclusion: 30fps cluster and 10fps HUD will be achievable with the system design requirements given for memory interface speed, screen resolution,... All rights reserved Example System using a V850 DP4-H 2 TFT LCD drivers Pixel clock Req: 22MHz Max: 48 MHz Internal SDRAM Cluster (800x480) Req: 120MB/sec Max: 480MB/s Req: 30MB/s Max: 320MB/s 2D Drawing Engine Req: 30Mpixels/sec Max: 480Mpixels/sec 33 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved 24bpp 60 Hz 18bpp 60 Hz Graphic Subsystem 120MHz 2D Drw Engine External... Drawing Engine Software Advantages Low Cost Disadvantages Low colors, small displays, and no drawing engine 22 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved System Design Discussion – Mid Level System Display 800x600 pixel 18bit RGB 6:6:6 w/internal timing control Display Controller 120 MHz MCU – 4MB internal SRAM – 2MB internal flash TFT w/24bit RGB 8:8:8 output... Update Time ≈ 2 gauges* X*Y*(1/pixel rate[MPixel/s])*1.25 0.83ms ≈ 2 *100 * 100 * (1/30MPixel/s) * 1.25 28 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved Approximation of 2.5% overhead Example System - Derive Drawing Time HUD (10fps min / 100ms max) 240x320 drawn from images in SDRAM (120Mb/s) Update Time ≈ X*Y*(bytes/pixel)*(1/memory rate[MB/s])*1.25 1.6ms ≈ 240 * 320 * 2 * (1/120M) * 1.25... ‘Missing‘ Data Enable Sync for several lines marks vsync (frame sync) 12 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved Key Requirements - Framebuffer Memory Memory buffer(s) containing graphical content Total memory required for framebuffer(s) can be significant Example 640x480pixels w/16bpp RGB 5:6:5 color – Double Buffered • 640*480pixels*2 bytes/pixel * 2 buffers = 1,228,800 bytes... be achievable with the system design requirements given for memory interface speed, screen resolution, and 2D drawing engine speed 30 © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc All rights reserved Example System - Derive Memory Requirement Cluster Background: – Framebuffer • SDRAM (one buffer): 640*480*3bytes/pixel ≈ 900kB – Flash: 640*480*3 bytes/pixel≈ 900kB Center: – Framebuffer • SDRAM (two buffers): . Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.5 Agenda Introduction Key System Design Requirements System Design Discussion System Design Example © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights. Electronics America Inc. © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved. Graphic System Design Considerations © 2012 Renesas Electronics America Inc. All rights reserved.2 Renesas. required for a graphical system Display – Screen showing desired graphics Display Driver – Moves pixels from framebuffer to display Framebuffer – Memory buffer(s) containing graphical content