Unit 14: Conjunctions & Cleft sentences in passive Complied by: Nguyen Ly Lien I. Using paired conjunctions: Both and , not only but also , either or , neither nor 1. “Both and ”: (Vừa vừa, cả lẫn) Ex: She is both intelligent and beautiful Both his brother and he are student Note: Khi 2 chủ từ được nối liền bởi “Both and ” , thì động từ luôn ở số nhiều 2. “not only but also ”: (không chỉ/những mà còn) a. Khi 2 chủ từ được nối liền bởi “not only but also ”, thì động từ hòa hợp với chủ từ ngay trước nó, hay chủ từ đứng gần động từ sẽ quyết đònh động từ là số ít hay nhiều Ex: He studies not only France but also English Yesterday it not only rained but also snow b. Khi “not only but also ” nối liền 2 mệnh đề và đứng đầu câu, ta phải đảo ngữ (V+S) Ex: Not only can he speak English but he also can speak German Not only my mother but also my sister is here 3. “either or ”(hoặc hoặc) Ex: I will take either chemistry or physis next quarter Either you or he is going to be on duty 4. “neither nor ”(không cũng không, cả lẫn cũng không) Ex: Neither my sister nor my friends are here Neither my mother nor my sister is here That book is neither intersting nor accurate NOTE: * Two subjects conected by “both and ” take a plural verb, * When 2 subjects conected by “not only but also , either or , neither nor ” the subject that is closer to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural. Noitice the parallel structure (cấu trức song song) in the examples. The same grammatical form should follow each word of the pair. II. Cleft sentences in passive Structure: It + is/was + phrase + that + is/was +V 3/ed + (by +O) Example: The boy hit the dog in the garden It was the dog that was hit (by the boy) in the garden The cat chased the mouse in the park It was the mouse that was chased (by the cat) in the park PRACTICE Exercise 1: Fill in the blank with suitable correlative conjunctions. Sometimes more than one answer is possible 1. Roger Calor knows how to speak Russian 2. my uncle my cousin live in Manchester 3. Maybe i should take biology geography 4. I don’t like science classes. I want to take biology geography 5. My sister is going to England Ireland this summer. 6. My brother cannot take a vacation. He is going to England Ireland this summer. 7. If she had enough time, she will go to Hanoi Da Nang 8. After three day in the cave, he became hurry thirsty Exercise 2: Change the sentences into cleft sentences in the passive voice 1. We bought our new car yesterday. 2. They sent me a big parcel last week 3. Ngoc broke two glasses when she went to my house 4. My brother gave her a bunch of red roses on her birthday 5. They usually took their chirdren to the zoo when they lived in Hanoi Exercise 3: Choose the best option 1. I’m going to bed early tonight. I’m too tired; I can’t watch movie on TV. - ____ can I. A. Either B. Not C. So D. Neither 2. I left it ____ on the table ____ in the drawer. A. either – nor B. neither – or C. either – or D. either – either 3. ___ the radio ___ the television works properly. A. Neither – nor B. Neither – or C. Either – nor D. Not – nor 4. He ____ could not come ____ did not want to. A. either – or B. neither – or C. either – nor D. nor – nor 5. The hotel is neither spacious ____. A. or comfortable B. nor comfortable C. or comfort D. nor comfort 6. Not ____ did she refuse to speak to him, but she also vowed never to see him again. A. even B. only C. at all D. Always 7. Neither the TV nor the video sets ____ properly. A. works B. work C. has worked D. is working 8. Now women work both before ____ after having their children. A. or B. also C. nor D. and 9. She ____ hard but also gets on well with her classmates. A. doesn’t only study B. studies not only C. not only studies D. not studies only 10. ____ Julia ____ her sister are going to the party. A. Both - and B. Neither - nor C. Either - or D. Not only – but also Exercise 4: Combine each pair of sentences into one, using the conjunctions in brackets. 1. Jane owns a shop. She owns a restaurant. (both and) 2. Helen likes cats. Mary likes cats. ( both and) 3. She’s at the office. She’s at the airport. (either or) 4. Paul’s at home. Paul’s at the gym. (either or) 5. Chris didn’t have time to take a holiday. Sheila didn’t have time to take a holiday.(neither nor) 6. David doesn’t play tennis. David doesn’t play table-tennis. (neither nor) 7. Nam’s handsome. Nam’s intelligent. (not only but also ) 8. Mai plays the guitar well. Mai dances beautifully. (not only but also) 9. You can have fish for dinner. You can have chicken for dinner. (both and) 10. They came late. They left early. (not only but also) The end . sister are going to the party. A. Both - and B. Neither - nor C. Either - or D. Not only – but also Exercise 4: Combine each pair of sentences into one, using the conjunctions in brackets. . going to England Ireland this summer. 7. If she had enough time, she will go to Hanoi Da Nang 8. After three day in the cave, he became hurry thirsty Exercise 2: Change the sentences into cleft. Unit 14: Conjunctions & Cleft sentences in passive Complied by: Nguyen Ly Lien I. Using paired conjunctions: Both and , not only but also , either