Mệnh đề quan hệ và cách kết hợp câu có cùng chủ ngữ- Part 1

Khóa hc ầTả KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 1 - A. VAI TRÒ CA I T QUAN H Ex: a. The man/who is standing at the door / is my teacher. b. My son is the boy/ whom you see at the desk. + Câu (a) có hai mnh đ: - The man is my teacher. - who is standing at the door. Theo nguyên tc chung, mi t trong câu ch có th gi mt chc nng. “The man” đã làm ch ng cho đng t “is”  mnh đ chính thì không th làm ch ng cho đng t “is”  mnh đ chính thì không th làm ch ng cho đng t “is standing”  mnh đ ph na. Phi ếùng đi t quan h “who” đ thay th cho “thỀ man” ệàm ch ng cho “is stanếing”. B. Mẩả  TÍNH NG (ADJECTIVE CLAUSE) Xét t hai thí d trên, ta thy nhng mnh đ ph bt đu bng đi t quan h có tính cht nh nhng tính ng b ngha (xác đnh, làm rõ…) cho danh t (hoc đi t) đng trc nó. ó là loi mnh đ tính ng. 1. I T QUAN H XÁC NH (Defining Relative Pronouns) Ch ng (subject) Tân ng (Object) S hu (possessive) Thay cho ngi Who That Whom That Whose Thay cho vy Which Which of which, whose a. Thay cho ngi + Làm ch ng : (who, that) Ex: That boy who sits next to me is very clever. (that) I don’t like the men who don’t speak the truth. (that) Chú ý: Ngi ta thng dùng “who” hn “that” (xem thêm  di, mc 3 trong nhng trng hp dùng “that”) + Làm tân ng: (whom, that) Ex: The doctor whom she visited is my brother. (that) MNH  QUAN H VÀ CÁCH KT HP CÂU CÓ CÙNG CH NG (TÀI LIU BÀI GING) Giáo viên: V MAI PHNG ây là tài liu tóm lc các kin thc đi kèm vi bài ging Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng thuc khóa hc LTH KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Mai Phng) ti website Hocmai.vn, đ có th nm vng kin thc liên quan đn Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng, Bn cn kt hp xem tài liu cùng vi bài ging này. Khóa hc ầTả KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 2 - The man whom you are speaking to is my teacher. (that) Chú ý: Ngi ta có th dùng Whom hay that. Nhng trong vn nói, ngi ta cng dùng Who. Ex: The man who you are speaking to is my teacher. ẩgi ta cng có th n đi t quan h. Ex: The doctor she visited is my brother. The man you are speaking to is my teacher. (xem mc “Khi nào có th n đc đi t quan h xác đnh”) + Ch s hu: (whose) Ex: Mr. X is the barber whose shop is opposite my house. b. Thay cho vt: + Làm ch ng (which, that) Ex: The pencil which is lying on the desk is mine (that) You can see the plane which is flying over our head. (that) Chú ý : Ngi ta thng dùng which hn that. (xem thêm mc “Nhng trng hp ch dùng that”) + Làm tân ng (which, that) The flowers which I cut this morning are still fresh. (that) The picture which you are talking about is very beautiful. (that) Chú ý : Ngi ta thng dùng which hn that. (xem thêm mc “Nhng trng hp ch dùng that”) hoc ngi ta có th n đc: Ex: The flowers I cut this morning are still fresh. The picture you are talking about is very beautiful. i t quan h xác đnh ch ng không th n đc. Ch có th n  trng hp nó làm tân ng. Trng hp tân ng trc tip (direct object) Ex: The man (whom) you see at the door is my friend. (that) The flowers (which) I cut this morning are still fresh. (that) 2. NHNG TRNG HP THNG CH DÙNG “THAT” Nh trên đã chú thích ngi ta thng dùng who, whom, which hn that, tuy nhiên trong mt s trng hp ngi ta thng dùng that nhiu hn nh: - Sau mt tính t  dng so sánh tuyt đi (superlative). - Sau all, any, only, it is - Khi t đng trc bao gm c ngi ln vt. Ex: He is the most courageous man that ever lived. All the people (that) I have met disliked him. Any paper (that) you read will give you the same story. It is the teacher that decides what you read. He is the only boy that can answer all the questions in the test. Khóa hc ầTả KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 3 - in vào ch trng bng đi t quan h xác đnh thích hp. 1. A child… lives at school is a boarder. 2. The magazine… you lent me yesterday is very interesting. 3. The letter… I received yesterday had no stamp on it. 4. What’s the name of the boy… came here yesterday? 5. The butcher… shop is opposite my house… always sells good meat. 6. Do you know the man… lives opposite my house? 7. I gave him all the stamps… I had. 8. Show me the picture of… you are talking about. 9. Is the street… leads to your school very wide? 10. The boy… is sitting next to me is not very clever. 11. Any man… listens to you is a fool. 12. He is the most intelligent boy… I have ever met. 13. He is a man… word you can rely on. 14. He is the boy… father came to see you yesterday. n đi t quan h xác đnh trong trng hp có th đc (nu cn có th chuyn v trí ca gii t) 1. The concert to which we listened came from England. 2. The old man who lives next door is a famous doctor. 3. He is the only man that can solve this problem. 4. The people whom you lived with in Hai Phong are coming to see you. 5. I know the boy whom you are talking about. 6. The pen which I lost was a good one. 7. The boy who threw that stone will be punished. 8. Where is the shop which sells picture-postcards? 9. Did you give him all the books that you had? 10. The knife which we use to cut the bread is very sharp. 11. The glass out of which you are drinking hasn’t been washed. 3. I T QUAN H KHÔNG XÁC NH (Non-defining Relative Pronouns) i t quan h không xác đnh gii thiu mt mnh đ tính ng không có nhim v xác đnh rõ danh t (hoc đi t) mà nó hp vi. Danh t đó t nó đã xác đnh ri. Mnh đ tính ng này ch có giá tr thêm ý, và đc gi là mnh đ tính ng không xác đnh. Nhng đi t quan h không xác đnh là: Ch ng Tân ng S hu Thay cho ngi Who Whom Whose Thay cho vt Which Which of which, whose Ghi nh: 1. Không dùng that. 2. Trong bt c trng hp nào cng không n đc. 3. Mnh đ tính ng không xác đnh bao gi cng đt gia hai du phy (,) Ex: a) Thay cho ngi. + Làm ch ng: Who Marie Curie, who discovered radium, is one of the greatest women of our age. Khóa hc ầTả KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 4 - + Làm tân ng: Whom My brother Nam, whom you saw yesterday, wants to speak to you. Beethoven, whom you are speaking about, was one of the world’s finest composers. (or: Beethoven, about whom you are speaking, was one of the world’s finest composer). Chú ý: V trí ca gii t about  câu thí d th 2. + Ch s hu: Whose Chopin, whose works are world-famous, was born in Poland. b. Thay cho vt: + Làm ch ng: Which Budapest, which is on the Danube, is a beautiful city. Swimming, which is a good sport, make us strong. + Làm tân ng: Which Air, which we breathe, is made up of many gases. Geometry, which he knows nothing about, seems a very dull subject for him. or: Geometry, about which he knows nothing, seems a very dull subject for him. in đi t quan h vào các câu sau: 1. Oxford University… is one of the oldest in the world has many different colleges. 2. Smoking… is a bad habit is nevertheless popular. 3. “Hamlet”… you are going to see tomorrow was written by Shakespeare. 4. The man… you spoke to in the street is my eldest brother. 5. His book is the best… has ever been written on that subject. 6. He is one of the men… I feel I can trust. 7. Can you remember the man… you took it from? 8. The knife… we use to cut the pencil is very dull. 9. Fear… is an evil may lead to sin. 10. The science of medicine in…progress has been very rapid lately is perhaps the most important of all science. 11. Mozart… music you have just been listening to was one of the world’s finest composers. 12. My uncle Nam in… I have great confidence says I will pass my examination if I work hard. 13. What is the name of the girl… came here last night? 14. His stepmother… he is living with is not very kind to him. 4. MT S IM CN LU Ý a. Mnh đ tính ng có th bt đu bng: Where, when, why (gi là phó t quan h) + When: in/on which. Dùng thay cho danh t ch thi gian. Ex: I remember the day when we first met (mnh đ xác đnh). We will put off the picnic until the next week, when the weather may be better (mnh đ không xác đnh). + Where: in/at which. Dùng thay cho danh t ch ni chn. Ex: This is the house where he lived with his parents in his childhood (mnh đ xác đnh). They went to Ba Dinh square, where they would attend a big meeting (mnh đ không xác đnh). Khóa hc ầTả KIT-1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 5 - + Why: for which. Dùng thay cho dành t ch nguyên nhân, lý do. Ex: I know the reason why he was so angry. The reason why he came is not very convincing. b.What cng có trng hp ếùng ệàm đi t quan h. Nó có đc đim là không thay cho mt danh t hay đi t nào đng trc nó, và do đó tng đng vi: - the thing that (cái mà… điu mà…) - the things that (nhng cái mà… nhng điu mà…) Ex: Tell me what you want to know. When she sees what you have done, she will be furious… Giáo viên: V Th Mai Phng Ngun : Hocmai.vn .  QUAN H VÀ CÁCH KT HP CÂU CÓ CÙNG CH NG (TÀI LIU BÀI GING) Giáo viên: V MAI PHNG ây là tài liu tóm lc các kin thc đi kèm vi bài ging Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có. KIT -1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Ẩai Phng) Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng ch ng Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit Tng đài t vn: 19 00 58-58 -12 - Trang | 1 -. câu có cùng ch ng thuc khóa hc LTH KIT -1: Môn Ting Anh (Cô V Mai Phng) ti website Hocmai.vn, đ có th nm vng kin thc liên quan đn Mnh đ quan h và cách kt hp câu có cùng