. ' ' 'ABC A B C = = = uuur r uuur r uuur r ' , ,AA a AB b AC c !! "#$%& uur AI '$%& r r r , ,a b c ("#$%& uuur AO '$%& r r r , ,a b c $)*"( !! "#$%& uuur AG '$%& r r r , ,a b c $)" ∆ ' ' 'A B C +,-. ( ) ( ) = + = + uuuur uuuur uuuuur uuur uuuuur 1 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' 2 2 MN AC A B AB A C $)/01233! !! ',-. ( ) = + + + uuur uuur uuur uuuur uuur 1 ' ' 4 AO AB AB AC AC ( ) ( ) AI AB AC a b a c a b c = + = + + + = + + uur uuuur uuuur r r r r r r r ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) AO AC AB a c b AO a c b AO AC AB a c b = + = + + ⇒ = + + = + = + + uuur uuuur uuur r r r uuur r r r uuur uuur uuuur r r r ( ) ( ) AG AA AB AC a a b a c a b c = + + = + + + + = + + uuur uuur uuuur uuuur r r r r r r r r ( ) ( ) = + = + uuuur uuuur uuuuur uuur uuuuur 1 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' 2 2 MN AC A B AB A C !"#$$%&%%' ( ) ( ) AC A B AB A C AC A B AC A C AC AB A C A B B C B C + = + ⇔ + = + ⇔ − = − ⇔ = uuuur uuuuur uuuur uuuuur uuuur uuuuur uuuur uuuuur uuuur uuuur uuuuur uuuuur uuuuur uuuuur 4563 43 7 a 6376 767636 689$84 :" ∆ ABC ,-. ⊥ ⊥ ,SA BC SB AC (,-. ( ) ⊥ SH ABC ;#4<63$5=>3 ? #() !"#$&&*#!+ ,&-,./#, ⊥ &$0 ⊥ &./#& ⊥ ,$ *12$ ⊥ ,& *#!+ SN BC BC SH AH BC ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊥ #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *# c r a r b r *12$& ⊥ ,0 3*>!?#,/# ( ) ⊥ SH ABC !'*@+!A#,$B:CD$&E' *#!+ ( ) HS ABC ⊥ ./#$0F!G!"#$,HD$&E ,/#+!A#,$B:CD$&E+!A#$0,$ ( ) !5. b AH b SAH a SA a = = = I9/+!A#,$B:CD$&E3 5+α +!.#5!5 !5. b a α = @A4563 B4C"*D ( ) ⊥ SA ABCD 637 · = ° 120BAD ;#EF4 B$6 (6,-. ( ) ⊥ OH ABCD ;#EF46 $B #IF$&6F5./# AC BD ⊥ ( ) SA ABCD ⊥ ⇒ $F!G!"#,HD$&6E ,/#+!A#!J3KL L 3*#!+M0N3F!"##O!,$./#0M,$ ( ) ( ) SA ABCD OH ABCD ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ !6$&./#+!A#,&6+!A#,&$& 3P L F#O!,$&#O!Q!?R$ · = ° 30BAC = = = = SA SB SC SD a !"#$% ( ) ⊥ SO ABCD &'(")*+ ,-"./012#"34!"#$% ( ) ⊥ MN SBD 5'(67") #IFM5 !"#$&6S,$-,&-,-,6H ( ) SO AC SO ABCD SO BD ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊥ 3*#!+ ( ) SO ABCD ⊥ ./#MF!G!"#,HD$&6E #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *# F · L LBCA = ./##O!$6#O!T./# a CO = · ( ) · L !5. L OC SCO SCO SC = = ⇒ = 'I9/+!A#,D$&6E3L L !*#!+ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) SO ABCD SO BD BD SO BD SAB DB AC BD SAB MN SAB MN AC ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ P ()0F!G!"#MH,& *#!+ ( ) AC SBD AC HO ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ 'U5RCM05R Q+!!!"#$,& *#!+#O!,M&#O!Q!?RM./#M0- a 8 ∆ ABC "19:194 ":; · = ° 120BAC <"=> = 3SA a ," ?"@4A: !"#$% ( ) ⊥ AK SBC &'(")"=>%*+*+ '(67") #*#!+ ( ) SA ABC SA BC ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ 0$N!#5!"#$&./# AH BC ⊥ ( ) ( ) ( ) AH BC BC SAH SA BC BC SAH BC AK AK SAH ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊂ ;F!G!"#$H,0./# AK SH ⊥ ( ) AK SH BC AK AK SBC BC SH H ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ∩ = 3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) · ( ) · ( ) · AH ACB SH SBC ABC SBC SH AH AHS SBC ABC BC SH AH BC ⊂ ⊂ ⇒ = = ∩ = ⊥ L # VL SA H H AH = = ⇒ = #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *# *#!+$05RQ+!!!"#,$&9/W!A#,$&3# GA4563 B4C3 BD4 · = ° 60BAD = 3 2 a SA H 6I5=>3 B?J$)" ∆ ABD ,-. ( ) ⊥ BD SAC ;#66 ( α 4>6 B?$>3 B?;# α tan ;#KL<B$63 #IF0F!G!"#,HD&6E./#,0 ⊥ &6 $&6F5./#$ ⊥ &6 ( ) SH BD AC BD BD SAC SH AC H ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ∩ = $&6F5!R#+! · L VLBAD = H#O!$&6 #O!T!R#' S V a a OH OA OC = = = P ' P P P a a a a a a SH SA AH AO SH a a a a SC SH HC AO a SC = − = − = − = − = ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ ⇒ = = + = + = + ÷ ⇒ = 3*#!+ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) · ( ) P V # ' P SAC BD SAC ABCD AC OH SO SAC SBD SO SH a HO a α α ⊥ ∩ = ⇒ = ∩ = = = = MA4563 4C ∆ ABC NDO ( ) ⊥ SA ABC 637 ,-. ( ) ⊥ BC SAI (;#KLP3H5=>6 ? ;#4<5=>6 ?$>3 ? #*#!+ ( ) SA ABC SA BC⊥ ⇒ ⊥ DE $&#O!T< !"#&H$< ⊥ &DE *>DEDE./#& ⊥ D,$<E 3()0F!G!"#$HD,&E *#!+ #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *# ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) SBC SAI H SI SBC SAI SI ⊥ ⇒ ∈ ∩ XY#O!Q,$<!+ a AH AH AI SA AH a = + ⇒ = ⇒ = !*#!+ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) · ( ) · ( ) ¶ ¶ ( ) ¶ L # L BC SAI ABC ABC BC SBC ABC SI AI SIA SBC SAI SI ABC SAI AI SA a SIA SIA AI a ⊥ ∩ = ⇒ = = ∩ = ∩ = = = = ⇒ = QRA4563 ( ) ⊥ SA ABC ∆ ABC NH6I H 3I6$ = =2 3, 2SA a AB a ,-. ( ) ⊥ AH SBC (;#4<5=.>6 ?$>3 ? ;#KL<63$ #*#!+ ( ) SA ABC SA BC⊥ ⇒ ⊥ DE $&#O!T< !"#&H$< ⊥ &DE *>DEDE./#& ⊥ D,$<E ( ) ( ) BC SAI SA AH AH SAI ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ⊂ a 0F!G!"#$H,<H AH SI⊥ ( ) SA AH SI AH AH SBC SI BC I ⊥ ⊥ ⇒ ⊥ ∩ = 3 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) · ( ) · ( ) ¶ ¶ ( ) ¶ S # BC SAI ABC ABC BC SA a SBC ABC SI AI SIA SIA SIA AI SBC SAI SI a ABC SAI AI α ⊥ ∩ = ⇒ = = = = = ⇒ = ∩ = ∩ = *5+α+!.#5!5# α- !W5Z!O!A#,$&[5R$<- a #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *#P QQ.4563 4C ∆ ABC $8"$)3 7 7 ( ) ⊥ SA ABC 637 3 ,-. ( ) ⊥ BI SAC (;#EF4<O5=>63?$>6 ? ;#KL<6 $3 #34/#55'!5' 0678*9:0;<<&= *#V . SAI (;#KLP3H5=>6 ? ;#4<5=>6 ?$>3 ? #*#!+ ( ) SA ABC SA BC⊥ ⇒ ⊥ DE $&#O! T < !"#&H$< ⊥ &DE *>DEDE./#& ⊥ D,$<E 3()0F!G!"#$HD,&E *#!+ #34/#55'!5'. SBC (;#4<5=.>6 ?$>3 ? ;#KL<63$ #*#!+ ( ) SA ABC SA BC⊥ ⇒ ⊥ DE $&#O! T < !"#&H$< ⊥ &DE *>DEDE./#& ⊥ D,$<E (. ⊥ 'U5RCM05R Q+!!!"#$,& *#!+#O!,M&#O!Q!?RM./#M0- a 8 ∆ ABC "19:194 ":; · = ° 120BAC <"=> = 3SA a ," ?"@4A: !"#$% (