Xây dựng hệ quản trị nội dung sử dụng ASP Net MVC 4.PDF

CHUCING 1. TONG QUAN Vit ASENET MVC FRAMEWORK 1.1. Giii thien vi m8 klub MVC Khi cic phin mini img dung ngiy sing phit Wien ion munh vi da clang thi van thiet ke kitn true cho phin mem cling tit non phut tap hon. Nhftng ling dung web gib day cling di phit trier den mOt tim cao m6i, ching khan con la nhitng wag dung web thong thuimg vei chi= Wing hien thj th8ng tin ma la nhting h¢ thong thong tin h8 trq nhttng tang web tucmg tic veri ngtrin ding. Nhieu giai phap thiet ke kien trim he thong dirge dim ra veri muc dich lam cho he thong linh hoot, mem deo, di phit then vi tin tai lau dii. Trong de, giii pluip thiet ke theo m8 hinh lden frac MVC duqc Trygve Reenskaug de xuat vao nhOng nam 70 cia the 14 , 20 t6 ra ret hieu quit. M8 hinh MVC (Model - View - Controller) la mOt 'den trite phin mem hay m8 hlnh thiet Ice dirge sir dung trong kg thu$t phin mem. N6 giup cho cac nha phat then tich 1mg dung cis hg ra thanh 3 phin kbac nhau Model, View vi Controller. M8i thanh phin c6 mOt nhiem vp rieng biet vi dOc lip vOl cac thanh phin Ichac. Cdc thank phin cola MVC View 4 Model ■ Controller Hinh 1.1 M6 hinh MVC Model Day la thinh phin chim tet ca cac nghiep Ai logic, phuong thirc xir 1Sr, truy xuat database, di Wong m8 ti dtt lieu nhu cic Class, him rcil View Dim nh$n vies hien thj thong tin, Wong tic yeti ngubi ding. Controller Gift nhiem vu nhan diiu twang cac you cau W ngubi ding vi goi ding nhitng phuong thirc xir chimg. 9/85 ICI  I I I User gesture • rum • • I I T6ng (wan vi ASP.NET MVC framework 1.1.2. Hoyt ding cola me binh MVC Day la met catch don gib de m6 ti lei luting sv kien duqc xti lt trong MVC: - User ttrcrng tic yen View, bing cich click vim button, user ph yeu ciu di. - Controller nh$n vi dieu Wang chtIng den dimg phuong thirc xu It 6 Model. - Model nhan thong tin Ws thvc thi cic yeu ciu. - !Chi Model ban tet viec xir lt, View se nhan ket qui riY Model Ara hien th1 lai cho ngutri dung. Rink 1.2 Quy trinh haat &Ong ctia mO hinh MVC 1.1.3. Un Mn vi nhuprm cola MVC tin aim: The hien tinh chuyen nghiep trong lap trinh, pass tich thiet ke. Do duce chia think tic think phis dec lap nen gitip ph& then Ung dvng shank, don Wan, de sang ctip, bito tri Trang 10/85 Tang quan vi ASP.NET MVC framework Nhugc diem: Dal WA du an nhe viec itp dung ma hinh MVC gay ding kink, ten thbi gian trong qui trinh ph& then. Ten thai gian thing chuyin de lieu curt cfc thrInh phin. 1.2. GM thifu vP ASP.NET ASP.NET let mOt nen tang phit tan Ong dung web (web application framework) duqc pith then va cung cep boi Microsoft, cho phep nhftng ngutri hip trinh to ra nhftng trang web Ong, nhftng ting dung web vit nhftng djch vu web. Lim diu tien duqc due m thi frac:mg vio thang 2 nom 2002 con yeti phien bin 1.0 clue .NET framework, la ding nghe n6i tiap mkt Microsoft Active Server Pages(ASP). ASP.NET dugc bien djch dual dung Common Language Runtime (CLR), cho phep nhitng ngutri Hip trinh viet mil ASP.NET veri bit lcSr ng8n net nao duct h6 trg lx!ri .NET language. 1.3. ASP.NET WebForm troyin tb6ng ASP.NET la mOt buerc nhity vqt khi lin diu suit hien, nhim thu hgp khoang cach gitta plat tan Window Form hueng dei tucong (c6 tang thai) va phat then web htrOng HTML (kong trang thii). Hinh duel day minh hqa Ong nghe ASP.NET Webform ASP.NET Web Forms Ansel INCOMPNIONSOMPIAIMOrallt0 s statstid, objectailidall persavring model Wait A Wily tO boa iffrapplIsatiallfernaossfesvosb sonw redact), IstlIngyou Mind Wei IMPrequesis and none .NET A mulftessposswed opt *Snit (Insiklew at Me thmea lofts* In Isom VII Hinh 1.3 Gong nghe ASP.NET WebForm Vei Web Forms, Microsoft di c6 an di um vi HTML bang crich m8 pheng giao then ngtrai clang nhu 18 mOt d6i tucmg dieu khien (Control) co au trac hoot dOng phis Server. M61 doi tutyng dieu khien (Control) then dei tang thai cos no thong qua cic you au (sir dung tfnh tiling ViewState), bieu then bang cat ml HTML khi can thief. Ngotli ra, no con tit dOng kit noSi cat sv lden phis Client (nhu su kien barn button) tai cat su lden phia Server duqc xir ljr tuang ling. Thgc ti, Web Forms lit mOt lap 1riru Wing lch6ng 16 duqc thiet ki de cung cap giao dien c6 xt1 ly sv lden thong qua Web. Trang 11/85 Tong quan vi ASP.NET MVC framework •6 Nbbng diim bon chi eta ASP.NET Web Forms — ASP.NET Web Forms troy& th6ng thing la mOt y Wong At tot, nhung thuc ti loi phit sink nhttng then phirc top khic. Theo thin gian, viec sir dung ASP.NET Web Forms di neu b$t len met sti thieu set; — ViewState: Co chi duy tri tong thii thong qua cic yeu citu (request) Omen mang lei ket qui li nhftng kh6i luqng len dtt lieu duqc chuyen giao gbh client vi server. Dtt lieu thy c6 the len den hang tram Kbs 6 mot ting dung web via phii, vi n6 di qua lid yeti bit IcS , yeu cau nio. Dieu nay lim chom di then gian chb phin h6i vi lam tang nhu au bang thong cria server, — Page life cycle (Chu kjf din toi ctia mOt trang web): Li co the kit DM su kien phis client yeti mil xis ljr su kien phis server. N6 phirc top vi de bi phi vat; — thirc sai ve viec tech biet cic thknh phan: MO With code-behind cos ASP.NET cung clip mOt giii phip cho phep Ong (burg dua code ra khoi cic dens HTML vio thinh mOt lap code-behind rieng biet. Dieu nay duqc hoan nghenh rang rai yen viec tech biet giao dien veri mil xis ly. Nhung thuc te, nhttng nhb phit trier duqc khuyen lchich pha trOn ml giao dien vei m1 it* ljr img dung (thy lit xis 1S , CSDL) trong nhOng 16p code-behind khong 16. Neu Wrong c6 su tech biet gitta cic thinh pliltn, ket qui cu6i cang c6 the rat kh6 hie% — Limited control over HTML (giei hun kiem soit HTML): Server control to too ra cic ma HTML, nhung kh8ng phii la ma HTML ma to mong dqi. Ngobi viec mi HTML ctia Chung thubng khOng tub theo lieu chuin web hoitc kh8ng sir dung tdt CSS ma he th6ng cic server control con too ra cic gii tri ID phirc top vi khong doin truck duqc, lam kh6 khin trong viec s* dung JavaScript; — Kha fling kiem th* tb1p: Cic nhi thiet ke cue ASP.NET kh8ng the du doin ring kiim this to dOng se tit thinh mot phin tat yeu cue xu huemg phit then philn mem. Kheng ngoc nhien khi kien trtic chitt the ma hp thiet ke la khang pith hqp vol viec Lich hqp Idem du). ASP.NET vin tip Arc phit Ink Phien bin 2.0 them mOt thanh phin chuiln de giim bet s6 lucing code ma Chung to can phii to viet. Vol phien bin gin nhit ASP.NET 4.5, mqi this di duqc ning clip ding ke. Phien ban ASP.NET 4.5 di ip dung mOt s6 filth riling cue ASP.NET MVC vbo Web Forms. Tuy v(iy, yin con mOt hon chi ton tai ben tong n6. Trang 12/85 Tang plan vi ASP.NET MVC framework 1.4. ASP.NET MVC Framework Nhu dl glen thieu b phin twat, m8 hinh MVC voi tru diem coa minh dit dirge (mg dung tong mOt s6 cac framework. Trong do pith ki den ASP.NET MVC, mOt framework ml ngu6n me mei, idly dung ten ASP.NET . ASP.NET MVC Framework duqc thuc thi ten m8 hlnh model—view—controller (MVC). NO gqn nhy, di ding him phin giao then, tich hqp cac tinh fling cM ASP.NET . MVC Framework duqc djnh nghia tong namespace System.Web.Mvc vi 11 met phin ctla lchong gian ten System.Web. 1.42 Ngulin gic Tuy dog nghe ASP.NET MVC mei duct phit then nhung ne c6 lich sit liu Nan ding MVC duct ph& minh beci Trygve Renskaug, 6ng di viet trang gity Mu lien nen vi MVC veo nitm 1978. Ban diu n6 duqc goi 11 Thing Model View Editor pattern, nhung sau d6 n6 duqc dit ten lyi 11 Model View Controller pattern. ASP.NET MVC lan du lien =it hien de 11 trong du an ma ngu6n mb MonoRail. Ngu8n g6c th$t su de cho ra dbi tong nghe Microsoft ASP.NET MVC li do Scott Guthrie (mOt tong nhing nhe sang tao ra ASP.NET ) ten chuyen bay din Austin, Texas de nOi vi heti thito A1t.NET vio tang 10-2007. Phien ban ASP.NET MVC 1.0 duqc ra dtri vio nlim 2009. 1.4.2 Cdc thinh Rhin co' bin cola ASP.NET MVC ASP.NET MVC Framework Hinh 1.4 Cdc thank pluin co. be cites ASP.NET MVC Models: Cat d6i aging Models la mOt phin colt img dung, cac dai Wong nay thiet lap logic ctla phan de lieu cult (mg dung. Thong thutmg, cac ddi Wong model lay vi luu tang thai cM model tong CSDL. Vi du nhu, met deli tucmg Product (sin Trang 13/85 Tong quan ve ASP.NET MVC framework pham) se lay de lieu CSDL, thao tic ten de lieu vit se cep nhtit de lieu ter lai vio bang Products b SQL Server. Views: Views li cic thinh pal dung de hien thj giao dien ngubi dung (UI). Th8ng thubng, view duqc to don vio th8ng tin de lieu Models. Vi do nhu, view dung de cOp Slit bang Products se hien thi cic hOp yin bin, drop-down list, vi cac check box doa Iran trang thli hien tai cua met d6i tuqng Product. Controllers: Controller 11 cic thhnh phin dOng de quill lt Wong tic ngubi dung, lam viec vei model vi chip view de hien thi giao dien ngubi dung. Trong mat *rig dung MVC, view chi duqc clang de hien thj thong tin, controller chju Mich nhiem quail ljr vi dip tri ned dung do ngubi thing nh$p vi tucmg tic yen ngubi dung. Vi du, controller se quail ljt cic de lieu ngubi clang gal len (query-string values) va gel cic gia tri de den model, model se lily det lieu to CSDL nhtr yap cac gii tri nay. M8 hinh MVC giap chfing ta Mo duqc cac ling dung ma chung phis tich inch it cic kith onh cos ling dung (logic ye nh$p lieu, logic xfr 1ST tic vu vi logic ve giao dien). M8 hinh MVC chi ra m5i loci logic ki tren nen dupe thief) Ilp a dill tren ling dung. Logic giao dien (UI logic) thuOc vi views. Logic nh$p lieu (input logic) thuOc ye controller. Vi logic tic vu (Business logic — hi logic xi) It th8ng tin, moc dick chinh cua (mg dung) thueic vi model. Sr phin chia nay glop chung ta giiun bet dugs so pink tap cfm ling dung vi chi t#p trung vacs m8i lchia cen dupe chi det 6 meSi thtri diem. Vi du nhu chfing ta chi cin t$p trung vio giao dien (views) mi Wing phid quan tam den logic xfr ly thong tin ala Ong dung. So pit tich rash red ba thhnh phiin mkt (mg dung MVC con glop cho viec 1#p trinh dign ra song song. VI do nhu mat trinh vien lam viec vei view, lap trinh vier the haii lo chi dat logic aia controller vi 1#p trinh vier thir ba c6 the tip trung vio logic tic vo cos model tai ding mat thoi diem. /.43. Que binh hop: Ong cda nit tong dpag ASP.NET MVC Cie giai &on thoc hien cos met ling dung ASP.NET MVC dirge trinh bay du& day: — Nh#n yeu diu diu tien: Trong file Global.asax, cic del tugng Route dirge them vac) RouteTable; — Thut hien viec djnh tuyen: Module Ur1RoutingTable sir dung dei tugng Route diu tien thich hqp trong  RouteTable de to d6i tugng RouteData. D6i tugng nay sau d6 tao ra d6i tuqng RequestContext (IHttpContext); — To ra trinh xt) ly yeu clu ling dung: D6i Wong MvcRouteHandler to ra mat the hien mitt 16p MvcHandler vi truyen vio n6 the hien RequestContext; Trang 14/85 I Ting quan vi ASP.NET MVC framework — Tao ra controller. Cie d6i tuqng MvcHandler sir dung the hien cult RequestContext de xIc djnh Ai tuong IcontrollerFactory qua do to ra the hien controller; — Thvc hien vai fro cut% controller. The hien MvcHandler pi phuang thirc Execute at controller; — GO action method: D6i ttrqng ControllerActionInvoker se 'tic djnh action method cOa met 16p controller de pi ra. Trang 15/85 Tang quan vi ASENET MVC framework 1.4.4. Mk sI fink nag nil bitt cda ASP.NET MVC Framework - Tich bach cic tic vu curt img dung. - C6 kith rang ma rQng (extensible) & khi tiling nhung (pluggable). Cic thknh phen cia ASP.NET MVC duct thiet ke de chting co the duqc they the hoic thy chinh mOt cich a ding. - ASP.NET MVC c6 thknh phin inh xa URL manh me, cho phep ching to xiy dung nhitng ung dung co cat dja chi URL )(tic tich vi d6 tim hem. Cic dja chi URL lcheng can phii c6 phin ma ring cis ten t(tp tin vi dirqc thiet ke di hi trq catiu djnh dung ten phi hqp yeti viec t6i uu hos tim kiem (URL). - H5 trq catinh Wing ce sin curt ASP.NET nhu ca the xic flaw ngubi ding, quart 19 thknh vien, quyen, output caching vi data caching, seession vi profile, quip 19 tinh tang img dung, he thong ceu hinh - Tu ASP.NET MVC 3 c6n be sung mOt view engine mei li Razor View Engine cho phep thiet lip cic view nhanh Chong, di ding vi ten ft tong sirc ham so v6i viec su dung Web Forms View Engine. 1.4.5. 11n aim - D6 ding quin 19 su phtic tap cis ung dung bang each chic (mg dung that'll ba thknh pan model, view, controller. - H6 trq tot han cho In6 hinh phit thin ung dung huang kiem thin. - Hi thong djnh thy& mph me. - H6 trq tot cho catmg dung duct )(ay ckmg bbi nhttng dOi co nhieu  trhth vien vi thiet ke mi yin quitn 19 &my tinh tiling mkt ung dung. - H6 trq nhitng tinh ming tot shit da c6 b ASP.NET . 1.4.6. Mar diEm - KhOng hien den su kiin lam cho cic nha phit thin ASP.NET webform kh6 !chin. - Yeu ceu c6 hieu but vi H111', HTML, CSS vi JavaScript. Trang 16/85 Tang plan va ASP.NET MVC framework 1.4. 7. So sdnh gifts ASP.NET webform vd ASP.NET MVC Hinh 1.5 ASP.NET WebForm vci ASP.NET MVC .Net Framework: ha trq  img dung nhu desktop, web vi cic Ong dung console. ASP.NET framework la mOt phin Gila .NET framework, dupe thy dung nhAm ha trq cic img dung Web (caching, authentication vh authorization). Trong do, Microsoft co 2 huong ph& then web tren nen ASP.NET la ASP.NET Webforms vi ASP.NET MVC. Muc dich m dbi ala ASP.NET MVC chi 11 sir day dal ye met to duy, n6 !thong hoar Wan duly the cho c6 img dung ASP.NET Web Forms, vi viec chon huang rho a thy dung mOt website lh dry thuOc vio cac nhil phat trier. Sr khic biet eta 2 huOng phit trien nay duqc the hien dual bang sau. Tinh niing ASP.NET ASP.NET MVC Kier  titc  chuong trinh Kier'  trim  m8  hinh WebForm > Business > Database Kier' frac su dung viec phan chic chuong trinh thinh Controllers, Models, Views Cu phi', chuong trinh Sir dung cu phip ciia webform, tat cac sir kien Nth controls do server quim It Clic sir kien duqc &ill khien NM controllers, cac controls khAng do server quan 1S , Truy cep de lieu Su dung hiu het etc ding nghe truy cep de lieu trong img dung Phan Ion dung LINQ to SQL class de to m6 hinh truy cep depi tircmg Debug Debug chuong trinh phid thuc hien tat ca bao gem cac lop truy cep de lieu, Debug c6 the se dung cac unit test kiem tm et phucrng thirc trong controller Trang 17/85 w [10] SOS *MS PIFT Faiwk43 Iowa  -1 Search Stalled Template (CM-E)  ji - ci ci wwa • Inbar • Yowl C•• LichavAlth • our Laws. • SW PS • Weal CO Woos as Sidon • CM'S as Rapordow ShaPolet Sava,* tat WCF Window Phone Waddiew • Oast We ISO A slut far aweing an mita:co wkw ASPNET PAK 4 NSW& API ASPIC Spay Web '.0- - MANET Web Finns Aplacalion ASST AWL I WS Appkalien WILT Swot OS SOS WS SOWS AWAIT MAX Saws USW WIC MAX San Caul ESA. WIC See Cameral Tang quan va ASP.NET MVC framework str hien thj, dieu khien citc controls/ T6c dO pit tai Tee del chom khi trong trang c6 qui nhieu clic controls vi ViewState qui len Phan tai nhanh him Tuang  tic  yea javascript KM kh6 khan Thujn lqi URL Address Ciu tnic dja chi URL ce dim <filename> .aspx?&<citc them 86> Ciu tit dja chi dal mach theo clang Controllers/Action/ID 1.4.8. Bhbl 4so mdl dng dpw ASP.NET MVC Framework Klgri tno mOt drag dung MVC Tmng bO phin mIm Visual Studio 2010 di c6 sin ASP.NET MVC Framework, to to mat di; an mei theo Qat:mg den sau: File > New Project > Visual C# > Web > ASP.NET MVC Web Application. Trang 18/85 [...]...Tang quan in ASP. NET MVC framework Minh 1.6 Kidd tgo zing dm ASP. NET MVC Sau khi Sim OK, hOp thosi New ASP. NET MVC3 hien ra Binh 1.7 H6p thogi New ASP. NET MVC3 Chung to cifi the chon kieu template a Empty, Internet Application hoec Intranet Application - Empty se trio m nhang thu muc vi trip tin tei thin u cho ling dung MVC3 - Internet Application se trio ra met ling clung... va xily dung ten n6 - Thy chip Intranet Application cling tuung tit nhu Internet Application, nhung duqc ceu hill sin de sir dung tong mei tnerng ruic thuc ngtroi thing thong qua ba tang Domain/ Active Directory Trang 19/85 Tang quan vB ASP. NET MVC framework Chang ta cOng c6 the tao project test cling voi {mg dung MVC tfr cling met ctla se Ben canh d6, ta cling c6 the chip chi de ViewEngine 11 ASPX hoec... 26/85 Tang Liman vi ASP. NET MVC framework Cu6i cling, to biim Finish de holm Minh vies kit n6i toi CSDL ttl SQL, Server Hinh 1.15 Kit ndi ca sa dif lieu being Entity Framework — buetc 6 Trang 27/85 CHUZING 2 TONG QUAN H$ QUAN TRI NO' DUNG 2.1 quits tri Of dung hi gl He quitn tri nOi dung (CMS) la mOt phen mem may tinh dirge citing de trq giop ngubi sir dung tong qua trinh quan nOi dung CMS lam cho viec... 0 la Scripts tfr Vievs ▪ favicomico 0 a Globalmax • padcages.config Q Web.config Rinh 1.8 Minh hpa tn‘it Solution Explorer the ASP. NET MVC3 Bing clued day me ti nOi dung dyeing din curt met du in MVC Internet Application Dueng din M8 ti /App_Data Luu tut dO lieu ctia ling dung Chung ta c6 the them met CSDL SQL Ado thu muc nity /Content Li thu muc thubng chtia nhttng de lieu tInh, nhu 11 hInh anh, tep... pith triin web ph& chuyen net dung d6 ter lai ngubi viet vi yeu ciu sira chtta lai, va sau khi stirs xong ngubi vitt lai phii yeu ciu wen phat then Web xuit bin lei noi dung do Viec de se den den sv chom trl cho vier St ban nOi dung m Website Vol He quan tri nen dung ngubi vier c6 the tkr minh thay d6i 'Arc tiep tren nOi dung va hob thimh qua trinh xuit bin He quail tri nOi dung cho phep lam vies vai... mblegamovisawsiblipswilaatiat vow Strealla IIinh 1.9 Giao dien ca ban khi chgy sing Ming ASP. NET MVC có scan De dUng chuang trinh, ta t6 him phim Shift + F5 hoic chop Debug Menu vi chun Stop Debugging KEt noi co' sir du, 114u SQL Server bang Entity Framework ADO .NET Entity Framework li melt nen fling duct sir dung de lim tee vei CSDL Chung ta c6 the troy vin, than tic vol database giin tip thong qua... °Wei a MONET Frey On Mt DRS Or 1611 Fie Val a 0 alba • Madellaina Hinh 1.11 Kit ndi ca sew dft lieu bting Entity Framework - Mak 2 Giao dies hien m nhu ben duel, bim Next Trang 23/85 Tang plan vi ASP. NET MVC framework Hinh 1.12 Kit noel co xi di? lieu bhng Entity Framework - buck 3 ant s6 mei hien ra, to chun New Connection vi toy chon clic thong s6 Sau do blim OK Trang 24/85 Tang plan vi MENET MVC framework... nay to c6 the x6a thu mix themes Trang 20/85 Ting quan vi ASP. NET MVC framework Visual Web Developer cling them 1 file CSS chair vho du an ten li Site.css tong thu muc Content File CSS li file de stia khi ta mu6n thay 651 style Gila ling dung /Controllers Chfra clic 16p controller ctS chine nting nhen cac yeu ciu et nguOi dung vi phan hid lgi MVC yeu cAu ten curt tat ca cac file controller kit thiic... h$ quiz tri nti dung Trong thvc to nay nay, He quiln tri nOi dung ttuqc biet din &Si sv don gian vi tien clung cho nheng ngubi quip tri web, vtly dieu gl mang lai nhttng kha ning tien dung de? Sau day nem 157 do chinh di mang lai nhttng kha Wing tru viet cho melt He quail tri nOi dung: He quail tri nOi dung mang lai sv truy c#p true tier* vao website cho chink nhitng ngubi viit nOi dung cia tang Web... lua chon Internet Application truec de, Ong dung curt chting ta di c6 du chfrc 'tang ca bin Chung ta chay the bang each bim F5 vi kit qui nhu sau Trang 21/85 T6ng quan vl ASP. NET MVC framework mosom 6 111 L 0 kallornw • MIN.Onhaft- itan•• On CI eels* WY 11€101••• II Om • gim• ••• •••10 a)C"." " InIN t®O I • allY1=01••• 1* Horne Abnur Conran Home Page r-i-(t th < ternolatr tz-4} rn C P NET 11/44VC aopliCatiOn, . Tang plan va ASP. NET MVC framework 1 .4. 7. So sdnh gifts ASP. NET webform vd ASP. NET MVC Hinh 1.5 ASP. NET WebForm vci ASP. NET MVC .Net Framework: ha trq  img dung nhu desktop,. web tren nen ASP. NET la ASP. NET Webforms vi ASP. NET MVC. Muc dich m dbi ala ASP. NET MVC chi 11 sir day dal ye met to duy, n6 !thong hoar Wan duly the cho c6 img dung ASP. NET Web Forms,. 2009. 1 .4. 2 Cdc thinh Rhin co' bin cola ASP. NET MVC ASP. NET MVC Framework Hinh 1 .4 Cdc thank pluin co. be cites ASP. NET MVC Models: Cat d6i aging Models la mOt phin colt img dung,