RESEARCH BIOMASS INTO FUELS AND NEW MATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE CLIMATE CHANGES

RESEARCH BIOMASS INTO FUELS AND NEW MATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE CLIMATE CHANGES Nguyen Thi Mai Hương 1 , Nguyen Thi Thu Thao 1 , Huynh Thanh Cong 1 , Trương Thanh Ngọc 1 , Ho Sơn Long 1 , Tran Thi Boi Chau 2 , Đao Phạm Duy Quang 1 , Nguyen Thuy Đoan Trang 1 , Nguyen Van Dzung 1 , Nguyen Thi Le 3 , Ho Son Lam 1,2 (1)-Institute of Aplied Materials Science , VAST. (2) Ton Đuc Thang University. (3) Golden Lotus Consultant Design Construction Company Abstract: In the context of climate change, sea level will rise from 0.2-1 m, many mangrove reforestation projects have been developed together with appropriate solutions to resolve these issues as clean water, Energy and materials are also mentioned. To improve the economic efficiency of mangroves as well as solving problems of energy and materials, the conversion of biomass into fuels and new materials will contribute to improving incomes of the planters in general, flooded residential areas in particular. In addition, this research also contribute to energy and materials used oil, environmentally friendly, meeting the requirements of a low carbon economy in the future. Brief report on biomass, and its role in the production of course materials. Some research results in the conversion of biomass into fuels and new materials show that this is a direction consistent with the trend of the times and the solution is useful for dealing with the situation of climate change have occurred in Vietnam. BACKGROUND: At the 2nd workshop on "Building a prevention plan, disaster recovery, response and mitigation of impacts caused by climate change" by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development held on 30/08/2010 in Vinh Phuc, experts say climate change has impacted negatively on almost all sectors of the economy of Vietnam. Experts have come up with many specific measures such as upgrading the sea dyke system, add 50cm high river dike in 2020, especially the sea dike system from Quang Ngai to Kien Giang, to cope with sea level is rise; planted 300,000-350.000ha mangroves, forests against sand; distribution and rational use of freshwater resources-saving, water supply, environmental hygiene for saline areas, islands, regional droughts, floods, waterlogging, salinization, application of new varieties for specific regions salinity and drought, flooding, crop restructuring, similar structure to adapt to climate change Program Coordinator, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Vietnam, said: immediate, melting ice will threaten more than 40% of the population worldwide. On the other hand, climate change will cause the decrease in agricultural productivity, increasing extreme weather, a severe shortage of fresh water worldwide, ecosystem breakdown and disease increase Vietnam to help cope with climate change, UNDP will provide much needed information to policy makers in Vietnam to make adaptation strategies and reduce the harmful effects of climate change on war The overall strategy of socio-economic development of countries. [1]. It can be said that the Vietnamese government is trying to do their best to prevent and overcome natural disasters, response and mitigation of impacts caused by climate change cause. Today, climate change is no longer the general concept, that every citizen, from urban to rural areas has felt the reality every day. Average air temperature of the whole of Vietnam has increased from one to two degrees. Salt water was going into the land, erratic rain, sun when the flooding, when the prolonged drought. The human losses in storms, tsunamis or floods around the world suggests that measures to prevent artificial, although the technical level of modern science and huge financial resources to many, finally did not prevent natural disasters. Climate change, possibly due to humans, may be due to general changes of the solar system, may also be due to the movement of the universe-something that until now, the understanding of human beings is very limited . However, one thing that we know well, the earth has existed for millions of years, has suffered many disasters of the universe, may have almost died out, but then is reborn, still evolving and development. Obviously, how to adapt naturally, how to resist, knowing how to develop in line with the general rules of the universe. Based on nature to prevent and overcome the events of nature is the best that people should do. The beautiful beaches of Japan, Thailand or Indonesia, built monumental and more money but also become a site review when the tsunami flooding. Meanwhile, a small village of India, located in the heart of the matter tsunami, but damage is almost negligible, because they have a protected mangrove forest. Therefore, the project of planting mangroves and trees against sand [2] is the best way to prevent climate change in many respects, and two of the many benefits that energy and new material from biomass. SOME EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS: ■Research using the seeds of fruit trees as raw materials for production biodiesel Using technology continuously extracted with two different solvents, oil and fat can get some seeds of fruit trees such as rambutan, longan, Tee. The experimental results showed that the particles can be obtained rambutan 22.36% fatty oil, the kernels can be obtained only 23% and the particle of Tee can acquire up to 52.4%. Physical and chemical composition of such oils are similar to Other fats and oils can be used as raw materials for biodiesel production. ■The study convert biomass to liquid hydrocarbons on raney-nikel: 1. Crude cellulose metabolism without pressure: 2. Metabolism of cellulose raw with hydrogen pressure (2 at): New catalyst based on AlCl 3 and NiCl 2 that is synthesized by complexing, then sintering at 550 o C. Hydrogenation of these two catalysts in gas phase (normal pressure) and in liquid phase (pressure 2 atm) on cellulose. The products are analysed with GC/MS HP 6890 on HP5 MS column with helium as gas carrier. These products show that many precious substances: + 2,6-dimethyl, 3-heptene, C 9 H 18 (3,07%) + 2,6-dimethyl heptane, C 9 H 20 (10,1%) + 2,6-dimethyl heptene, C 9 H 18 (4,21%) + 2,6-dimethyl, 2-heptene, C 9 H 18 (11,32%) + 2,6-dimethyl, 1,5-heptadiene, C 9 H 16 (14,09%) Especially in hydrogenation in liquid phase with pressure 2 atm: + 1,4-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl- C 7 H 10 (9,13%) + m-Cymene, C 10 H 14 (33,15%) + p-Isopropenyl toluen, C 10 H 12 (14,76%) + Trans-Carveol, C 10 H 16 O (0,86%) + Piperitone, C 10 H 16 O (1,16%) ■The study convert biomass to liquid hydrocarbons on metalic oxides nanostructured: On the base catalyst samples obtained were survey responses of biomass conversion into organic compounds in the vapor phase. Product analysis results, indicating that form a number of organic compounds such as ethanol, acetic acid, Propionic acid. N o Products CuO/C PbO/C Zn/C 1 Propionic acid HC≡C-COOH 1.18 1,35 1,21 2 Acetic acid 3,10 3,33 3,13 3 Ethyl alcohol 63,09 60,87 62,40 4 Formic acid 32,63 34,45 33,26 5 CMC 0 0 0 100 100 100 ■The study of composite materials from biomass: Some specific results of this material form, registered trademarks VINAPOL ® and Utility Solutions with polymers: - Film Vinapol ® PL-AW-Used to wrap inorganic, microbiological distribution. - Film Vinapol ® FFS-Use as elected biodegradable nursery. - Film Vinapol ® FFF-Used to wrap the fruit during transport or export without chemical impregnation outside. PROPOSED MODEL: Along with the Golden Lotus Design Consultant Construction Company, Institute of applied materials Science is promoting technology consultant for several hectares of coconut-water plantation project in Tra Vinh, proposing by Fist-Flower-Companie. The study of botany showed coconut water can withstand salt water and silt contribute to keeping the coast is very good. In the context of climate change and sea level rise, the crops such as coconut water is very large role in keeping the land and improving the climate. The use of coconut water has been known for quite some time and quite adequate. This plant is a resource rich but relatively untapped use effectively. If there is a protection program, planting and planning for effective exploitation, will bring benefits to the people. Main products of the project is biofuel, which is a project consistent with the policy development of biofuels by the Government. The company's technology is FirstFlower technology commercialization, could betrusted. Other products such as gasoline, roofing materials composite, natural fiber from the waste of coconut water, IAMS will be deployed in clusters to form a processing technologies of coconut trees, as the basis for next project. CONCLUSION: 1. Climate change will dramatically alter the lives of people in affected areas, therefore, the adaptation measures to address issues of climate change is very important and urgent. 2. The solution should be conducted in line to not affect people's lives. 3. The planting of mangroves and coastal areas against sand is needed, but also to prepare the technology together so that people can live and income on these areas so that they stick with mangroves and sand. 4. The technological transformation of biomass into fuels and new materials for Vietnam's scientists can help this program to lower cost and more flexible than the import of foreign technology. 5. We hope with this report, the level of state management and policy makers dealing with climate change in Vietnam have more information to work out proper the policy and monitoring. . solving problems of energy and materials, the conversion of biomass into fuels and new materials will contribute to improving incomes of the planters in general, flooded residential areas in particular biomass, and its role in the production of course materials. Some research results in the conversion of biomass into fuels and new materials show that this is a direction consistent with the trend. RESEARCH BIOMASS INTO FUELS AND NEW MATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS IN THE CLIMATE CHANGES Nguyen Thi Mai Hương 1 , Nguyen Thi Thu Thao 1 ,