discovery box how is milk made

£ 4.15 (UK only) Issue 155 July/August 2011 - ISSN 1366-9028 N. 155 World History Science Nature Jellyfish attack! Pollen allergies Yuri Gagarin First man in space Dogs poster + How is milk made? 2 Tony and Alberto, n°2 by Dab’s © Glénat Editions. Uh? What are you doing? Can’t you see? I’m flattening this flower! Hey, Tony! That’s funny! It looked like you were smelling it! No way! Do you think I’m a sissy? STAMP STAMP 3 D I Y M ore in D I Y M ore in D I Y M ore in D I Y M ore in Va sur le b log Bonus Va sur le b log Labo Va sur le b log A child who weighs 33kg has 21 litres of water in their body. A jellyfish that weighs 33kg contains more than 32 litres of water! That’s amazing isn’t it? To find out more go to Jellyfish attack! page 4 You probably drink milk every day. Have you ever wondered: How is milk made? To find go to page 12 Chamo Our best friend! To show obedience, a dog puts: its tail between its legs its ears back To find out go to page 25 Super fire engine The latest truck has a long arm that can rise 32m up into the air. To find out more go to page 38 This panel sends you to the DIY section at the back of DiscoveryBox where there will be an activity for you to do. DiscoveryBox is printed on chlorine- free paper from managed forests. www.bayard-magazines.co.uk Photo: Thomas Louapre. Cover photo: Carole Gauthier (background), Alice Houdou (milk bottles). Cover illustration: Pronto. Go to our website: www. bayard-magazines.co.uk Have a giggle with the comic strips (pages 2, 10, 18, 36 and 37) and discover lots of amazing funfacts (pages 10, 18, 28 and 36). Yuri Gagarin was the first man: in space on the Moon To find out go to page 20 p. 41 DiscoveryBox is a 2010 and 2011 winner of a Parents’ Choice Recommended Award. Look out! It’s allergy time! How many people suffer from pollen allergies? 1 in 2 1 in 5 To find out go to page 29 Readers’ survey page 41. Sometimes we will have extra stuff to look at or download. Go to: www.bayard-magazines.co.uk and click on DiscoveryBox Extras. Look out for these symbols: 4 Imagequestmarine.com Olindias jellyfish Real size: bell is 5cm across 5 Jellyfish sometimes get washed up on the sand in the summer. They look soft and fragile… but they’re not what they seem. They’re awesome creatures in the water. Watch out for a jellyfish attack! Nature 6 A. Nekrasov/Imagequestmarine.com of the third kind Jellyfish are made almost totally of water. They have no head, brain, heart, bones or tail. Their jelly-like bodies are shaped like bells and contain a mouth and a stomach. From the bell’s edges hang poisonous tentacles that can be up to 35m long! The smallest jellyfish are tiny (with bells of less than 1cm) and the biggest can have a bell that’s 2.5m in diameter and weigh 220kg. These strange creatures look a bit like extraterrestrials! Rhizostoma pulmo Real size: bell can be up to 50cm across Lives: in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea Nature 7 Imagequestmarine.com Portuguese man o’ war (Physalia physalis) Real size: bell can be up to 30cm long Lives: in warm waters in the Atlantic Ocean. As it floats on top of the water and is carried by sea currents, it’s often seen quite far north. Its common name refers to a kind of 18th century armed sailing ship. 8 For at least 500 million years, jellyfish have haunted the oceans, pushed by currents, like ghosts. Their transparent tentacles stretch out behind them, sometimes so thin that they are invisible. Bad luck for any shrimps or fish that touch those deadly wisps… P. Kobeh Ghostly threat Ghostly threat Cephea jellyfish Real size: bell can be up to 40cm across Lives: in the Red Sea 9 Jellyfish tentacles are covered in tiny stinging cells. These cells have a sharp sting and a sac of poison. At the slightest touch or pressure, the sting springs up, cuts the skin of its prey and the venom is injected into the cut. This poisonous liquid is so powerful that it can kill a shrimp immediately. The tentacles then slowly push the prey towards the mouth of the jellyfish… so it can feed. D I Y M o re i n D I Y M o re i n D I Y M o re i n D I Y M o re i n Va sur le b log Bonus Va sur le b log Labo Va sur le b log P. 44 Nature J. Yonover/Imagequestmarine.com Text: M. Beynié. Photo: Masa Ushloda/Imagequestmarine.com Mastigias jellyfish Real size: bell can be up to 20cm across Lives: in the Pacific Ocean in tropical areas Southern sea wasp (Carybdea rastoni) Real size: bell up to 3cm across Lives: in the waters around Australia C h a m o Weird One thousand spiders were found in luggage belonging to a British tourist leaving Brazil. The spiders were alive, too! He was bringing them back to sell in his pet shop. London’s new tower This huge tower is being built in London for the 2012 Olympic Games. It was designed by the British artist Anish Kapoor. Visitors will be able to climb it, or go up in the lifts, to see fantastic views of the city. 10 Atishoo! Right, Miss Harriet, show us this very rare parchment you have discovered… Er… Free meals in Korea! 2,700 volunteers got together in Seoul, the capital, to cook an enormous kimchi, a traditional dish made with radishes, cabbage and spices. They used 100 tonnes of cabbage! 2,700 volunteers got together Cool! Is this a new cross between a zebra and a frog? No! It’s a photo that’s been touched up on the computer. Clever, isn’t it? Sweet zebroggie! Photo touch up Arup/London2012.com B o u r n e m o u t h N e w a n d P i c S e r v i c e / S i p a AFP/Non Dai-Yeon … you just blew your nose on it, Professor! [...]... off 8 Last stage before the shops Pasteurised and sterilised UHT milk is put into bottles or cartons There’s no air contact to avoid bacteria UHT MILK UHT MILK UHT MILK UHT MILK UHT MILK UHT MILK 7b The milk is heated more * different counties use different colour codes for types of milk This is the volum e of milk that can be bottled in one day in a large milkprocessing plan t Science Text: N Tordjman... This silo can hold 100,000 litres of milk, or the contents of several tankers 4 The cream is removed The milk is warmed to around 50°C and spun very quickly in a centrifuge This machine causes the cream to separate from the milk 5 Some cream is put back… The milk is then re-mixed with a precise amount of cream This produces standardised milk with a known amount of fat in it 6 … and mixed well! The milk. ..in How is milk made? We drink milk every day But where does it come from? Milk is made by cows that have calves Then it goes to a dairy or milk processing plant 12 Milk recipe 1 cow with a calf + 60–80kg of feed per day + 80–100 litres of water per day Science 13 = 20 litres of mil k per day You need a cow… This is how a cow makes milk 1 The cow digests its food Food is broken down in... milk is heated to 65°C and passed through a filter This makes the fat globules smaller and more even in size The milk is now homogenised The cream no longer rises to the surface 16 Colour-coded bottle tops* Skimmed Semi-skimmed Full fat 7a The milk is heated up fast! It’s heated to 72°C for 15 seconds, then cooled The heating-cooling process destroys bacteria This is pasteurisation Pasteurised milk. .. processing plant Milk made by cows is treated here and put into bottles 1 Milk is collected A tanker visits many dairy farms It collects the milk and carries it to the processing plant (it was called a dairy when there were no machines) The milk has to be kept chilled at 4°C to stop the bacteria in it from multiplying 2 The milk is checked… Samples are taken to be analysed and the quality is checked 3... “Suckling is beginning!” Nerves 3 5 6 Udder Teat 2 4 The brain receives the message It reacts by releasing a hormone into the blood Hormones are special chemicals that the body makes They send messages to other parts of the body to control how those parts act This hormone travels to the udders 14 Brain 4 20 litres of milk This is the amoun t of milk an average cow pr oduces in a day Usually the cow is milked... chewed by the cow is broken down into water, sugar, fat and calcium Those elements pass into the blood through the wall of the intestine Intestine 1 Blood vessels Stomach Milk producing cells 2 The electric milking machine milks the cow This machine is attached to the cow’s teats It copies the action of a calf’s mouth when it sucks Like all mammals, a cow’s body is programmed to make milk to feed her... N Tordjman Illustrations: Pronto 200,000 litres 17 and faster! The milk can be heated to 140– 150°C for 2 or 3 seconds Then it’s cooled This is UHT (ultra heat treated) sterilisation Sterilised UHT milk must be stored at less than 15°C (so it doesn’t need to be kept in the fridge) It will keep for up to five months if the packaging isn’t opened ell of… eet sm Sw ROSES Ch C am a h m o o The scent of... The biggest is from Madagas this coconut smallest is an car The orchid seed Hotels Sang Tan/A P/Sipa 52 000 This is the number of Roman coins found in an English field by a man with a metal detector The coins date back to the 3rd century when Britain was being invaded by barbarians Patrick Cerf Crazy! This glass door handle lets you see into a room even when the door is closed It’s a Japanese gadget... out of prison 20 years ago DR DR in prison Mandela spent 27 years of black He fought for the rights ich had people in South Africa, wh believed that white people nt It a racist white governme actised apartheid, r to black people and pr were superio allow people down and didn’t a system that kept black ela and jobs When Mand them access to education d lped abolish apartheid an came out of prison, he . 12 We drink milk every day. But where does it come from? Milk is made by cows that have calves. Then it goes to a dairy or milk processing plant. How is milk made? in z o o m 13 Science Milk recipe . rise 32m up into the air. To find out more go to page 38 This panel sends you to the DIY section at the back of DiscoveryBox where there will be an activity for you to do. DiscoveryBox. by the British artist Anish Kapoor. Visitors will be able to climb it, or go up in the lifts, to see fantastic views of the city. 10 Atishoo! Right, Miss Harriet, show us this very rare