THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS Description of over 600 Minerals from around the world PETR lli®E£SMILAN NOVAK, THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS Description of over 600 Minerals from around the world PETR KORBEL & MILAN NOVAK BOOKS* Explanation of the abbreviations used in the book c - color s - streak L - luster D - diaphaneity DE - density H - hardness CL - cleavage F - fracture M - morphology LU - luminescence R - remark X - crystal XX - crystals In the figure captions, the bigger dimension is always mentioned Scale of the frequency of the occurrence • - very rare • • - rare" • • • - uncommon • • • • . abundant • • • • • - common © 1999 Rebo International b.v., Lissc. the Netherlands ©2001 Grange Books PLC, United kingdom Text: Petr Korbel, Milan Novak Fptografie: Fotobanka Granit (100), Petr Korbel (220), Geza Kulcsar (16), Jeffry A. Scovil (331), Sandor Szakall (34) Production and layout: Granit Ltd., Praha ISBN 1 84013 404 6 All rights reserved. Copying of the entire book as well as of its parts in any way is forbidden by law without prior written consent of the publisher. Contents Introduction 7 1. Elements 9 2. Sulphides 19 3. Halides 67 4. Oxides 75 5. Carbonates 113 6. Borates 131 7. Sulfates 137 8. Phosphates 155 9. Silicates 193 10. Organic compounds 281 11. Rocks, meteorites and tektites 285 Recommended literature 291 Index 293 [...]... occurrence: Hydrothermal in the ore veins, associated with silver, stibarsen, pvrargyrite, calcite and other minerals The best specimens come from the silver-bearing veins, cross-cutting the U deposit Hajc near Paibram, Czech Republic, where prismatic crystals up to 50 mm (approx 2 in) long and striated tabular twins were found They arc mostly embedded in stibarsen; all the specimens, appearing in the mineral... sal ammoniac and other sulfates Also from oxidation of organic compounds in U- and V-bcaring deposits of the Colorado Plateau type, associated with pyritc, zippeitc and other minerals Red needles up to 20 mm ("hi in) long come from the United Verde mine, Jerome, Arizona, USA Black selenium needles found in burning coal dumps in Kladno and Radvanice, Czech Republic Occurs with ores of U and V along sandstone... slabs, massive Origin and occurrence: Primary hydrothermal eoppcr is mainly related to basic igneous rocks; it is also common as a product of supergene cementation It is associated with cuprite, malachite, azurite, silver, chalkocite, bornitc and other minerals The largest accumulations of primary copper are in the Keweenaw Peninsular Lake Superior, USA, the largest being 15 x 7 x 3m (approx 50 x 23 x... DE - 7,3; H - 2,5; CL - none; F - uneven; M granular, massive Origin and occurrence: Hydrothermal, together with other selenides in U, Fe and Au deposits It is the main mineral in the selenide mineralization in Tilkerode, Germany Grains, up to several tens of cm across, greenish tarnished, occurred together with other selenides in Bukov, Haboi, Pctrovice and Pr edborice , Czech Republic Similar occurrence... granular, massive Origin and occurrence: Hydrothermal in ore veins, associated with rhodochrosite, calcite galena, sphalerite, pyrite and other minerals Crystals up to 20 mm PA) in) across together with granular aggregates are relatively common in Romania (Sacarimb, Baia de Arie$ Rojia Montana) Crystals are also known from the Queen of the West mine, Colorado and from the Lucky Cuss mine, Tombstone, Arizona... carats, comes from the Premier mine Diamond, 15 mm x, Mirnyi, Russia in Kimberley, South Africa It yielded gem rough for 104 faceted stones, the heaviest of which weighs 531 carats The largest faceted diamond known, called Golden Jubilee, was found in the same place in 1986 It weighed 755 carats before cutting and as a finished stone it weighs 545.65 carats The dark blue Hope (44 carats) and the green Dresden... occurrence: Hydrothermal in ore veins and also of secondary cementation origin in association with acanthite, stephanite, proustite, pyrargyrite, copper and many other minerals The best specimens of crystallized and wire silver come from Kongsberg, Norway, where wires up to 400mm (16 in) long and crystals up to 40 mm (1V» in) in size have been found Silver, 55 mm Schwarzwald Germany Beautiful specimens of wire... mine, Gilman, Colorado, USA The largest known sheets of crystallized gold occurred in the Jamestow n mine California, USA, where a cavity, which yielded 49 kg (108 lb) of golden leaves, was discovered on 26.12.1992 The largest measures about 300 mm (ll°/i in) and has about 25.79 kg (56 lb 13 oz) of Gold, 68 mm, Eagle's Nest Mine California U.S.A gold on it Typical aggregates of fine gold wires come from... are etched out of matrix Deformed crystals of completely different habit are known from St Andreasberg, Germany Crystals occurred also in the Consols mine in Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia tabular crystals, granular, massive Origin and occurrence: Hydrothcrmal, also sedimentary and metamorphic, mostly secondary, in the oxidation and cementation zones of ore deposits It occurs together with pyrite,... product of the cementation zone in ore deposits Crystals up to 10 mm (7» in) across known from the Botallack mine near St Just, Cornwall UK Aggregates of thick acicular crystals up to 30 mm (1 Vi« in) long found in Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan It occurs in massive form in many porphyry copper deposits (Butte, Montana; Bisbcc, Arizona USA), also inTsumeb Namibia, together with chalcopyrite, pyritc and other minerals . THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS Description of over 600 Minerals from around the world PETR lli®E£SMILAN NOVAK, THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA. THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS THE COMPLETE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MINERALS Description of over 600 Minerals from around the world PETR KORBEL &. when minerals result from the oxidation (weathering) of the primary minerals in the oxidation zone of ore deposits and other rocks (it includes the origin of malachite and azurite during the