sentence writing let''''''''s get started

Sentence Building Pretest To better understand Chapter One, correct the mistakes below Write the corrected sentences on the lines below Jenny attends several classes at her university For example, English literature, listening, and speech _ _ Dr Lim is the President of the school board His birthday is November 1951 Chapter One Sentence Building Chapter One is designed to help you write better by giving you instruction in building better sentences Sections of the chapter devoted to capitalization, punctuation, and proper article usage will get you started in the right direction Other sections providing instruction in sentence structure, sentence building, and error correction will get you ready for the basics of paragraph building in Chapter Two Sentence Building Tools: Capitalization Capitalization is a good place to start when you study writing The first word in every sentence should be capitalized It sets off the more specific nouns Common nouns are not capitalized unless they are at the beginning of a sentence The names of people should be capitalized Suhyun Kim John Wayne Ted Tucker Exercise 1.1 Using correct capitalization, write the following names james monroe wilson pickett jung-ah park Write your name with the correct capital letters name: _ The first letter of the first word in a sentence is capitalized This includes all types of sentences: statements, commands, questions, and exclamations Examples: Statement: I want to buy a new car Command: Close the door Question: Are you a student? Exclamation: Look out! The names of cities, countries, and continents are capitalized Examples: Seoul London Pusan New York Europe Korea Africa China Exercise 1.2 Write the names of two cities, three countries, and a continent here: Capitalize the names of languages and nationalities Examples: German Russian Koji is Japanese Illyana is Russian Japanese Korean Chinese Pakistani Exercise 1.3 Write the names of two languages here: _ Write names of three nationalities here: _ Sentence Building Tools: Punctuation Punctuation is an important part of writing skills Put a period at the end of every statement and command Examples: Statement: Jenny is a student Command: Have a seat Exercise 1.4 Write a similar statement Write a similar command Put a question mark (?) at the end of every question Example: Is Jenny a Student? Exercise 1.5 Write a similar question _ Put an exclamation mark (!) period at the end of every exclamation Example: Look out! Exercise 1.6 Write a similar exclamation: Sentence Building Tools: Using the articles a and an Using articles correctly will help your writing have a natural flow to it Singular nouns that begin with a consonant sound should be preceded by a Singular nouns that begin with a vowel sound should be preceded by an Examples: a uniform a university an x-ray machine an hour Exercise 1.7 Choose a or an for each of the following nouns and terms _unit _SAT score _heir _honest person _yellow hourglass _UFO Exercise 1.8 Fill in the blanks Use an article (a or an) Rewrite the sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation _ banana is tasty _ x-ray machine can be found in every hospital _ eagle is _ bird _ cell phone is _ very handy communication tool _ elevator will take you to the main offices on the fiftieth floor Sentence Building Tools: Capitalization – Days, Months, Seasons, and more Capitalize the days of the week Examples: Saturday Wednesday Sunday Thursday Monday Friday Tuesday The months of the year are capitalized, however, the seasons are not Examples: July February summer spring Capitalize the names of streets, roads, avenues, highways, and expressways Examples: Chong-ro Street Third Avenue The Honam Expressway A brand names is capitalized, but the name of the product is not Examples: A Samsung television A Lotte hamburger Exercise 1.9 Write complete sentences using the following nouns Use correct punctuation and capitalization Example: birds Birds are animals tokyo china cabbage an eagle february Always capitalize the subject pronoun I Example: I am tall and fat Exercise 1.10 Write a sentence using i Sentence Building Tools: Punctuation – Apostrophes Contractions need an apostrophe The apostrophe should be placed where the missing letter(s) would be and also placed higher than the lower case letters Examples: Bob’s coming to school today = Bob is coming to school today doesn’t = does not she’s = she is Review Exercise 1.11 There are mistakes in the following sentences Write the sentences correctly and use correct punctuation and capitalization kim and i am brother’s brazils an country an cat is an animal a Hotel and an Hospital are a buildings tianjin and fukuoka are city hes very tall Sentence Building Tools: Titles A job name is capitalized only if it is used as a title Use a period after titles that are abbreviations Examples: Mrs Oh Professor Basker (capitalized as a title) She is a professor (not capitalized as a job name) Ms Park is an assistant Dr Kim (title and abbreviated—so capitalize and use period after the abbreviation) Exercise 1.12 Fill in the blanks with a negative form of the be verb (be, is, am, are, was, were) Use contractions and rewrite these sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation on the lines below mrs anderson a business woman _ mr young and ms lee doctors _ dr park a professor _ Sentence Building Tools: Error Correction Rather than correct your sentences and paragraphs for you, your instructor may choose to note your errors on your paper so that you can correct them When you correct your own errors, you learn more than when someone else corrects them Your instructor will use the proofreading symbols on the charts below Proofreading Symbols Explanation Corrected sentence Insert a space Sentence marked with symbols Mr Lim wentto work Mr Lim went to work connect and They go to school to gether make one word They go to school together add words Haeundae is very pretty, but not my favorite beach Haeundae is very pretty, but it is not my favorite beach remove this Jenny is a businesswoman She is from India India is inexpensive to visit Jenny is a businesswoman add this Dr Noh is professor Dr Noh is a professor wrong word You speak English very good You speak English very well change order Ramon is boss my Ramon is my boss ww She is from India (transpose) word order error We drove to the coast east yesterday uc Capitalization where did you go on error We drove to the east coast yesterday Where did you go on Sunday? sunday? l c 10 add punctuation 11 10 spelling error Let’s go Let’s go She’s really smrt She’s really smart A lot of the problems on the test _ (be) impossible to solve Most of my friends _ (be) went home for the holidays Neither of my parents _ (have) studied at university A majority of the voters _ (be) not going to vote for him None of them _(be) coming to the party tonight Each of them _ (have) their own ideas The price of the pencils _(be) 1000 won Something _(need) to be done about the problems 10 None of the coffee _ (be) left Exercise 3.13 Write ten sentences of your own using the terms in the chart on the previous page 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. Sentence Structure Exercise: Subject-Verb-Complement Exercise 3.14 Look at the sentences below and write S, V, or C above the subjects, verbs, and complements 63 Example: S V C My car is a Daewoo Leganza My hometown is Kyeongju Most of my classes are in English Seoul has over 12 million people living there Kyeongju is one of the many historical centers of Korea Happiness is a hike in the mountains The East Sea of Korea is a beautiful area Every one of the students is a delight to work with Chinese is a difficult language to learn to read and write Life is a bowl of cherries 10 I am going to sleep Sentence Structure Exercise: Compound Subjects Exercise 3.15 – Compound Subjects Rewrite each sentence using a compound subject Example: Akiko is a student Akiko and Maria are students 64 My brother lives in an apartment in Paris _ My mother speaks six languages _ English is my favorite subject _ Exercise 3.16 Rewrite the sentences below with a simple subject My friend and I want to go shopping _ My oldest brother and my youngest sister are married _ My mother and father live in Rome _ My friends and I eat lunch in the student cafeteria _ Proofreading Exercise Exercise 3.17 Rewrite the following sentence fragments into complete sentences Remember to use correct capitalization and punctuation I apartment study late every night _ 65 works hard _ bob tall _ my university is _ this class difficult _ jim is _ don’t late _ doesn’t study very hard _ 10 She is _ 11.Before I go to school _ 12 on weekends _ Sentence Structures: Spelling Changes Simple present verbs require an –s added to the end to change their spelling to third person singular form Examples: 66 1st and 2nd 3rd person person singular run walk sleep shop runs walks sleeps shops Examples: I walk to school every morning She walks to school every morning Verbs that end in with -ss, -z, -ch, -sh, and –x require an –es added to the end to change their spelling to third person singular form Examples: 1st and 2nd 3rd person person singular watch push fix pass watches pushes fixes passes Examples: I box everyday for exercise He boxes everyday for exercise Verbs that end in with a consonant + y require that you change the y to i and add –es to change their spelling to third person singular form 67 { y + -ies } Examples: 1st and 3rd person 2nd singular person study studies fly flies try tries carry carries Examples: I try to get good grades She tries to get good grades Verbs that end in with a vowel + y require that you add –s to change their spelling to third person singular form {y+s } Examples: 1st and 3rd person 2nd singular person pay pays play plays stay stays buy buys Examples: You buy on the best clothes She buys only the best clothes Exercise 3.18 Change the subject in the sentences below to third person singular Use a person you know as the subject of the sentence Correct the capitalization and punctuation Write the changed and corrected sentences on the lines below 68 you exercise every day _ i major in industrial design _ you enjoy going singing on the weekends _ i teach a class at a language institute _ you watch TV all night every night _ i never finish my homework before class _ Exercise 3.19 Now write two similar sentences using your own words 1. 2. Paragraph Correction Exercises: Integrated Review Exercise 3.20: Paragraph Correction Exercise There are many mistakes in the following paragraph Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph on the lines below 69 there is many reason why insect are so successful at surviving their ability to adapts allow them to live in extreme temperatures and environments insect can eats a wide range of naturals and artificial foods these include paints, pepper, glue, book, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals because they are small they can hide in tiny space strong, hard but flexible shell called a exoskeleton cover their soft organs it also protect them from chemicals, water and physical impact their wing allow them to fly away from dangerous situation or toward food or mate _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 70 Exercise 3.21: Paragraph Correction Exercise There are many mistakes in the following paragraph Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph on the lines below there is some very important things that childrens, need to keep in mind when they're on a computer at home or at school First, they should never to give out personal information such as their name address school or telephone number also, they should never sends a picture of themselves to someone they chats with on the computer without their parent's permission they should never writes to someones who have made them feels uncomfortable or scared also, they should not meets someone or has them visits them without the permission of their parents the problem are that people sometimes misrepresent themselves on the Internet _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 71 Exercise 3.22: Paragraph Correction Exercise There are many mistakes in the following paragraph Correct the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph on the lines below pharmacists sells medicine to people who are sick, when doctor says that they need it they tells peoples how to use the medicine correctly sometimes, pharmacists mixes the medicine themselves most often, though, they sells medicines that has been made for them Pharmacists usually works in drug stores these store is clean and have a lot of light Many pharmacist stands while they works pharmacists often wear glove and masks when they work with things that could hurts them some pharmacist work at night or on weekends this are because sick peoples may needs medicine at any time _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 72 Sentence Building Tools: because and so Because and so help us write cause and effect sentences Because is used to give a cause or reason So is used to give a result Because and so can join sentences Example: Using because: I have a big test tomorrow I want to study Because I have a big test tomorrow, I want to study I want to study because I have a big test tomorrow Notice that if the reason (because) comes first, you must use a comma after it Using so: I have a big test tomorrow I want to study I have a big test tomorrow, so I want to study You must use a comma before so Notice also, that you can not use so first - as you can with because Exercise 3.23 Practice combining sentences using because and so because and one sentence with so Write two sentences with I want to buy a car I’m going to save some money _ 73 _ I am late for class I have to go _ _ Jenny got an A+ in English She studied very hard _ _ I was really sick last week I went to the doctor I want to go to graduate school next year I need to get good grades _ _ Jan went singing last night She was sleepy in class today _ _ Paragraph Organization: Topic and Supporting Sentences When writing a paragraph, it is best to organize your thoughts before you start putting them in paragraph form The topic sentence: There are several steps you should follow each time you write a paragraph First, write several potential topic sentences that clearly state the main idea of your paragraph Don’t worry about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar Then review the sentences and select the one that best states the topic Finally, 74 rewrite the topic sentence with proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar Supporting sentences: Next, you should write many supporting sentences about the topic Don’t worry about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar Then review the supporting sentences and make sure that they all support the main idea of the topic sentence Cross out any sentences that not support the main idea Those sentences are irrelevant Also cross out any sentences that may state the same ideas as other sentences, but in other ways These sentences are redundant Exercise 3.24 Write five possible topic sentences below about your experience at school Don’t worry about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar _ Exercise 3.25 Go back and select the best topic sentence capitalization, punctuation, and grammar Rewrite it below with proper Topic Sentence: Exercise 3.26 Now write ten sentences about the main idea of the topic sentence about proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar 75 Don’t worry _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ Exercise 3.27 Go back and review the sentences above Cross out any sentences that are irrelevant or redundant Rewrite the best six sentences below with proper capitalization, punctuation, and grammar Supporting sentences: 76 Exercise 3.28 Use your topic and supporting sentences from above and put them in paragraph form below Paragraph: 77 ... proper article usage will get you started in the right direction Other sections providing instruction in sentence structure, sentence building, and error correction will get you ready for the basics... of a topic sentence? _ A topic sentence is usually the in a paragraph The sentences following the topic sentence in a paragraph are called sentences... sentence to note if it is relevant (r) or irrelevant (i) to the topic sentence Below the sentences write why you think the irrelevant sentence does not belong with the others Example: Topic Sentence: