Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam phần 10 doc

system run levels 483 identify the severity of messages and control handling. These key- words are ordered on the basis of severity (from most to least severe): ➤ emerg—Panic conditions ➤ alert—Conditions that need immediate attention ➤ crit—Critical conditions ➤ err—Other errors ➤ warning—Warning messages ➤ notice—Conditions that might require special handling ➤ info—Non-urgent information ➤ debug—Information typically generated by debug messages in programs ➤ none—Special keyword used to prevent logging of messages generated by specified sources syslog source facilities The facilities generating syslog messages can be used to determine where the messages are sent or stored. This allows separate log files for different types of messages based on source. The following are the keywords used in the /etc/syslog.conf file to identify the source of messages and control handling: ➤ auth—Login authentication ➤ cron—The at(1) and cron(1M) commands ➤ daemon—System daemons ➤ kern—The kernel ➤ lpr—The line printer spooling system ➤ local0-7—As defined locally ➤ mail—System mail ➤ mark—Timestamp produced by syslogd(1M) ➤ news—The USENET network news system ➤ user—User programs (default) ➤ uucp—The UUCP system ➤ *—All facilities except mark system configuration phase The installation phase during which basic information about the system, such as hostname and domain, is identified. This infor- mation can optionally be set up ahead of time, or preconfigured. system installation phase The installation phase during which the system software is installed. The system software is one of the Solaris 9 software groups. system profile For user accounts that use sh (Bourne shell) or ksh (Korn shell) as a login shell, commands in sys- tem profile (/etc/profile) are executed before the user’s login initialization file. system run levels Eight defined levels, each associat- ed with specific functions used to shut down or reboot the system and control system services and 24 8699 gloss 11/19/02 10:05 AM Page 483 system run levels 484 resources. The following summa- rizes the eight run levels: ➤ 0—Power Down. The system is being shut down. Stops the processor(s). ➤ s or S—Single User. Single-user maintenance. ➤ 1—Administrative. Multi-user maintenance. ➤ 2—Multi-user. Normal opera- tions. ➤ 3—Multi-user with NFS. Normal operations plus NFS. ➤ 4—Alternative Multi-user. Not used and is unavailable. ➤5—Power Down. The system is being shut down. Stops the processor(s) and powers off the system (if possible). ➤ 6—Reboot. The system is being restarted. System V The version of the Unix operating system developed by AT&T Bell Labs. It is the basis for the Solaris operating system. terminfo database A database that contains character- istics of both terminals and print- ers. Characteristics include control sequences that switch between typefaces (bold, underline, and so on) and other functionality, such as cursor/print head positioning. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Network Model The network model consisting of five layers of services (Physical, Data Link, Internet, Transport, and Application). Each layer is responsible for handling a different aspect of network communication. UFS file system logging Updates to a UFS file system are recorded in a log before they are applied. In the case of system fail- ure, the system can be restarted, and the UFS file system can quick- ly use the log instead of having to use the fsck command. user account A unique name and user ID that control an individual’s access to a computer and its resources. user/application default printer A default printer defined by the LPDEST or PRINTER environment variable. Usually specified in the .profile file. user ID (UID) A unique numeric ID assigned to a user account that is used for file and process ownership and access permissions. virtual disk management system A software package that allows the use of physical disks in different ways that are not supported by the standard Solaris file systems. It can overcome disk capacity and archi- tecture limitations and improve 24 8699 gloss 11/19/02 10:05 AM Page 484 zone 485 performance and reliability. In addition, manageability is enhanced by the use of a graphical management tool. virtual file system An enhanced file system that pro- vides improved performance and data reliability. volume table of contents (VTOC) Contains the partition table and various geometry data about the disk, such as sectors per track, tracks per cylinder, available cylin- ders, and so on. WebNFS A protocol that allows Web browsers to access NFS resources. This protocol is defined by RFCs 2054 and 2055. WebStart An interactive installation method that uses a Web browser interface. Window menu A Workspace Manager menu that provides control over a window for moving, resizing, maximizing, min- imizing, closing, and so on. To access the Window menu, position the mouse cursor over the upper- left corner of a window and right- click. X/Open Federated Naming Specification (XFN) The specification for the Federated Naming Service (FNS) as defined by the X/Open Consortium. zone A domain or a portion of a domain delegated to a DNS server. 24 8699 gloss 11/19/02 10:05 AM Page 485 24 8699 gloss 11/19/02 10:05 AM Page 486 Symbols @host filename, 300 * metacharacter, 130 [, ] metacharacter, 130 ? metacharacter, 130 0 RAID level, 312 0 run level, 42 0+1 RAID level, 312 0-7 subcommand, 164 0-9 argument, 189 1 argument, 98 1 RAID level, 312 1 run level, 43 1+0 RAID level, 312 2 RAID level, 312 2 run level, 43 3 RAID level, 312 3 run level, 43 4 RAID level, 312 4 run level, 43 5 RAID level, 312 5 run level, 43 6 RAID level, 312 6 run level, 43 7 RAID level, 312 A -A argument ls command, 97 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 288 useradd command, 58 -a argument boot command, 34 cpio command, 194 lpstat command, 211 netstat command, 229 prstat command, 110 ufsdump command, 189 absolute file permissions mode, 465 absolute modes, 90 absolute pathname, 131 accept command, 207 access control ACLs, 260-262 crontab files, 117 RBAC, 262-263 assignments, viewing, 288 authorization attributes database, 274-279 changes, 291 database, 263-264 Index 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 487 access control 488 default authorizations, 274-279 default profiles, 268-273 execution attributes, 279, 283-286 execution attributes database, 279-286 execution profile attributes data- base, 266-273 managing, 287 roles, 288-290 security policy configuration file, 286 user attributes database, 264-266 Access Control Lists. See ACLs access modes, 90 -account argument o command, 59 passwd command, 65 useradd command, 58 accounts file group, 96-97 group, 61 creating, 61-62 customizing, 61-62 defined, 470 deleting, 62 passwords, 63-65 superuser, 65, 80-82 user, 56, 484 creating, 56-60 customizing, 58-60 deleting, 58, 61 initialization files, 68-72 locking, 65 ownership modifying, 95-96 passwords, 63-65 -aclok argument, 325 ACLs (Access Control Lists), 260 configuring, 261-262 defined, 465 entries, 261 viewing, 262 action field, 40-41 actions @host, 300 /filename, 300 login account, 300 syslog, 300, 482 Add User window, 56-57 adding install clients, 381 NIS maps, 364 rc scripts, 47-48 swap space, 245 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), 223, 465 addresses Ethernet, 223, 469 hardware, 223 IP, 224, 472 MAC, 223 physical, 223 add_install_client command, 381-382 add_to_install_server command, 379 administering Flash archives, 389 NFS, 324 packages, 15 SVM, 316-317 swap space, 245-246 administrative information, 85 administrative run level, 43 administrative system files, 65 etc/group, 67-68 etc/passwd, 65-66 etc/shadow, 66-67 Admintool, 206, 465 group accounts, 61-62 password modifications, 64 system default printer configuration, 209 user accounts, 56 creating, 56-57 customizing, 58 deleting, 58 locking, 65 aging passwords, 63, 476 alert severity level, 299 aliases (device), 35-36, 468 aliases keyword, 354 aliasing, 466 All execution attribute, 280 All profile, 268 alternative multi-user run level, 43 -am command-line argument, 88 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 488 arguments 489 -anon argument, 325 any keyword, 385 application default printers, 210, 484 application layers, 221-222 applications. See programs applying patches AutoClient, 17 bootable root images of diskless clients, 17 net install images mini-root, 18 operating system service, 18 arch keyword, 385 architecture, 466 Archive Cookie section, 389 Archive Files section, 389 Archive Identification section, 389 archives directories, 193-195 files, 193-195 Flash, 388-389 tape, 192-193 arguments 0-9, 189 -1, 98 -A cpio command, 194 ls command, 97 roleadd command, 288 useradd command, 58 -a, 34 boot command, 34 lpstat command, 211 ls command, 97 netstat command, 229 prstat command, 110 ps command, 108 ufsdump command, 189 -A authorization, 58 -account passwd command, 65 useradd command, 58 -aclok, 325 add_install_client command, 382 -am i, 88 -anon, 325 -archive, 388 -as, 65 at command, 118 atg command, 119 -atime, 169, 195 -B, 20 -b ls command, 97 roleadd command, 288 -b base, 58 -C ls command, 97 patchadd command, 18 prstat command, 110 -c atg command, 119 cfsadmin command, 339 dumpadm command, 251 lpstat command, 211 ls command, 97 prstat command, 110 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 288 spray command, 228 ufsdump command, 189 -c comment, 58 cpio command, 194 -ctime, 195 -D, 189, 229 -d, 12 cfsadmin command, 339 coreadm command, 248 cpio command, 194 dumpadm command, 251 lp command, 208 ls command, 97 passwd command, 65 patchadd command, 18 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 288 savecore command, 253 setfacl command, 261 share command, 325 spray command, 228 swap command, 245 How can we make this index more useful? Email us at indexes@quepublishing.com 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 489 arguments 490 -d directory, 58 -directory, 253 dumpadm command, 251-252 -e coreadm command, 248 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 289 -e date, 58 -exec, 195 -F cfsadmin command, 339 ls command, 97 mkfs command, 167 mount command, 169, 328 share command, 325 -f logger command, 302 netstat command, 229 patchrm command, 20 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 289 savecore command, 253 ufsdump command, 189 -f days, 58 find command, 195 flarcreate command, 388 -G pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ps command, 108 -g coreadm command, 248 ls command, 97 netstat command, 229 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 289 -G group, 59 -group, 195 -H, 212 -hard, 328 -I, 229 -i coreadm command, 248 cpio command, 194 dumpadm command, 252 flar command, 389 fssnap command, 191 logger command, 302 lp command, 212 ls command, 98 ping command, 227 rm command, 134, 137 ps command, 108 -index, 325 -intr, 169, 328 -j argument, 108 -k flar command, 389 roleadd command, 289 -k template dir, 59 -L cpio command, 194 ls command, 98 prstat command, 110 ps command, 108 savecore command, 253 -l, 12 cfsadmin command, 339 flar command, 389 passwd command, 65 spray command, 228 swap command, 245 -largefiles, 169 -log, 325 logger command, 302 ls command, 97-98 -M netstat command, 229 patchadd command, 18 -m cpio command, 194 dumpadm command, 252 ls command, 98 mkdir command, 132 mount command, 169, 328 netstat command, 229 prstat command, 110 roleadd command, 289 setfacl command, 261 useradd command, 59 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 490 arguments 491 -message, 302 -mtime, 195 -N newfs command, 166 ufsdump command, 189 -n atg command, 119 dumpadm command, 252 ls command, 98 netstat command, 229 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ping command, 227 prstat command, 110 ps command, 108 -name, 97, 195 netstat command, 229 -newer, 195 -noatime, 170 -nointr, 170, 328 -nolargefiles, 170 -nosub, 325 -nosuid, 170, 325 -O, 194 -o cfsadmin command, 339 lpstat command, 210 ls command, 98 mount command, 169, 328 ps command, 108 roleadd command, 289 share command, 325 useradd command, 59 -P netstat command, 229 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 prstat command, 110 -p coreadm command, 248 cpio command, 194 logger command, 302 lpadmin command, 207 ls command, 98 mkdir command, 132 mount command, 169 prstat command, 110 ps command, 108-109 rmdir command, 133 roleadd command, 289 -p profiles, 59 passwd command, 65 -pattern, 112 pgrep command, 112-113 -pid, 248 ping command, 227 pkill command, 112-113 -print, 195 prstat command, 110-111 ps command, 108-109 -public mount command, 328 share command, 325 -q lp command, 211-212 ls command, 98 -R ls command, 98 patchadd command, 17 ping command, 227 prstat command, 110 rm command, 134 -r dumpadm command, 252 mount command, 169, 328 netstat command, 229 -R roles, 59 -retrans, 328 -retry, 328 -ro mount command, 328 share command, 325 -role, 288 roleadd command, 288-289 -root, 325 -rw mount command, 328 share command, 326 -S, 18, 189 -s, 12 boot command, 34 cfsadmin command, 339 flar command, 389 ls command, 98 netstat command, 229 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ping command, 227 prstat command, 110-111 How can we make this index more useful? Email us at indexes@quepublishing.com 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 491 arguments 492 ps command, 109 rmdir command, 134 roleadd command, 289 setfacl command, 261 swap command, 245 ufsdump command, 189 -s shell, 59 savecore command, 253 -sec, 326 -soft, 328 spray command, 228 -suid, 170 system-specific, 169 -t cpio command, 194 logger command, 302 lpstat command, 210 ls command, 98 pgrep/pkill commands, 112 ping command, 227 prstat command, 111 ps command, 109 spray command, 228 -timeo, 328 -type, 195 -U prstat command, 111 ps command, 109 -u cancel command, 211 cfsadmin command, 339 coreadm command, 248 cpio command, 194 dumpadm command, 252 lpstat command, 211 ls command, 98 pgrep/pkill commands, 112-113 prstat command, 111 roleadd command, 289 ufsdump command, 189 -u uid, 59 -ufsdump, 189 -user, 195 useradd command, 58-59 -v cpio command, 194 dumpadm command, 252 lpadmin command, 207 mkfs command, 167 mount command, 169 netstat command, 229 newfs command, 166 pgrep/pkill commands, 113 ping command, 227 prstat command, 111 savecore command, 253 ufsdump command, 189 -window, 326 -x flarcreate -x, 388 ls command, 98 pgrep/pkill commands, 113 -Y, 109 ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 223, 465 -as argument, 65 assignments (RBAC), 288 asterisk (*) metacharacter, 130 at command, 118-119 at queue, 119 atg command, 119 -atime argument, 169, 195 atrm command, 119 attachment points, 157-158 attributes All, 280 Audit Control, 280 Audit Review, 280 Cron Management, 280 Device Security, 280 DHCP Management, 280 File System Management, 280 FTP Management, 281 Mail Management, 282 Maintenance and Repair, 282 Media Backup, 282 Media Restore, 282 Name Service Management, 282 Name Service Security, 283 Network Management, 283 Network Security, 284 Object Access Management, 284 Printer Management, 284 Process Management, 285 25 8699 index 11/19/02 10:03 AM Page 492 [...]... files default, 91 -92 , 468 modifying, 92 -93 setgid, 93 setuid, 93 special, 93 -94 standard, 90 -91 , 481 sticky bit, 94 symbolic modes, 90 viewing, 97 -100 file servers, 235, 4 69 File System Management execution attribute, 280 File System Management profile, 2 69 File System Security profile, 2 69 file systems, 126 AutoFS See AutoFS Cache, 138, 141 CacheFS See CacheFS... command, 34 pcred tool, 1 39 per-process core file configuration, 247-2 49 permissions file, 89 absolute modes, 90 access modes, 90 default, 91 -92 , 468 modifying, 92 -93 setgid, 93 setuid, 93 special, 93 -94 standard, 90 -91 sticky bit, 94 symbolic modes, 90 viewing, 97 -100 group, 261 standard file, 481 user, 261 pfiles tool, 1 39 pflags tool, 1 39 pgrep command arguments, 112-113 processes, 112-114 physical addresses,... solaris. admin.volmgr.write, 276 solaris. audit, 276 solaris. audit.config, 276 solaris. audit.read, 276 solaris. compsys, 276 solaris. compsys.read, 277 solaris. compsys.write, 277 solaris. device, 277 solaris. device.allocate, 277 solaris. device.cdrw, 277 solaris. device.config, 277 solaris. device.grant, 277 solaris. device.revoke, 277 solaris. dhcpmgr, 277 solaris. dhcpmgr.write, 277 solaris. grant, 277 solaris. jobs, 277 solaris. jobs.admin,... 277 solaris. jobs.grant, 277 solaris. jobs.user, 277 solaris. login, 277 solaris. login.enable, 277 solaris. login.remote, 277 solaris. mail, 277 solaris. mail.mailg, 277 solaris. network.hosts, 278 solaris. network.hosts.read, 278 solaris. network.hosts.write, 278 solaris. profmgr, 278 solaris. profmgr.assign, 278 solaris. profmgr.delegate, 278 solaris. profmgr.execattr.write, 278 solaris. profmgr.read, 278 solaris. profmgr.write,... 278 solaris. project, 278 solaris. project.read, 278 solaris. project.write, 278 solaris. role, 278 solaris. role.assign, 278 How can we make this index more useful? Email us at indexes@quepublishing.com 25 8 699 index 11/ 19/ 02 10: 03 AM Page 494 494 authorizations solaris. role.delegate, 278 solaris. role.write, 278 solaris. snmp, 278 solaris. snmp.read, 278 solaris. snmp.write,... solaris. admin.procmgr, 276 solaris. admin.procmgr.admin, 276 solaris. admin.procmgr.usr, 276 solaris. admin.pswd, 276 solaris. admin.serialmgr, 276 solaris. admin.serialmgr.delete, 276 solaris. admin.serialmgr.modify, 276 solaris. admin.serialmgr.read, 276 solaris. admin.usermgr, 276 solaris. admin.usermgr.read, 276 solaris. admin.usermgr.write, 276 solaris. admin.volmgr, 276 solaris. admin.volmgr.read, 276 solaris. admin.volmgr.write,... 336-337 auto_master table, 366 B -B command-line argument, 20 -b argument ls command, 97 roleadd command, 288 -b base argument, 58 backing stores, 191 backup directories, 19 backups archives, creating, 193 - 195 backing stores, 191 directories, 193 file lists, 195 - 196 file systems dumping, 188- 190 snapshots, 191 restoring, 190 full, 184 incremental, 184 daily cumulative/weekly cumulative, 185 daily cumulative/weekly... 3 79 admintool, 206 password modifications, 64 system default printer configuration, 2 09 at, 118-1 19 atg, 1 19 atrm, 1 19 automount, 338 banner, 33 boot cdrom, 34 boot device selection, 34 boot disk, 34 boot floppy, 34 boot net, 34 boot tape, 34 cachefslog, 342-343 cachefswssize, 342 cancel, 211 cd, 130 cfgadm, 157 cfsadmin, 3 39 chgrp, 96 chmod, 92 chown, 95 coreadm, 247-2 49 cp, 135-136 cpio, 193 , 195 ... 34 prstat, 110- 111 prtconf, 155-156 prtvtoc, 161 ps, 108 -1 09 reboot, 44-45 reject, 207 rlogin, 83-84 rm directories, deleting, 133-135 files, deleting, 137 rmdir, 133-135 roleadd, 288-2 89 roledel, 290 How can we make this index more useful? Email us at indexes@quepublishing.com 25 8 699 index 11/ 19/ 02 10: 03 AM Page 498 498 commands rolemod, 290 rpcinfo,... auth facility, 298 authentication, 354, 466 authorizations attributes database, 264, 274-2 79 NIS+, 466 RBAC, 466 RBAC default, 274-275, 277-2 79 solaris, 275 solaris. admin.dcmgr, 275 solaris. admin.dcmgr.admin, 275 solaris. admin.dcmgr.clients, 275 solaris. admin.dcmgr.read, 275 solaris. admin.diskmgr, 275 solaris. admin.diskmgr.read, 275 solaris. admin.diskmgr.write, 275 solaris. admin.fsmgr, 275 solaris. admin.fsmgr.read, . authorizations 494 solaris. role.delegate, 278 solaris. role.write, 278 solaris. snmp, 278 solaris. snmp.read, 278 solaris. snmp.write, 278 solaris. system, 278 solaris. system. date, 278 solaris. system. shutdown,. 328 netstat command, 2 29 prstat command, 110 roleadd command, 2 89 setfacl command, 261 useradd command, 59 25 8 699 index 11/ 19/ 02 10: 03 AM Page 490 arguments 491 -message, 302 -mtime, 195 -N newfs command,. command, 97 roleadd command, 288 -b base argument, 58 backing stores, 191 backup directories, 19 backups archives, creating, 193 - 195 backing stores, 191 directories, 193 file lists, 195 - 196 file systems dumping,