Solaris 9 System Administrator Exam phần 8 docx

Name Services 367 Exam Prep Practice Questions Question 1 Which of the following naming services requires the data to be configured man- ually on every system on which it is used? ❍ A. NIS ❍ B. NIS+ ❍ C. DNS ❍ D. /etc files The correct answer is D. All the other naming services provide a means to update one master database and propagate changes to every system that needs them. Although using /etc files is simple and quick for a small num- ber of systems, using NIS, NIS+, or DNS for a large number of systems reduces maintenance. Question 2 What is the name of a method to restrict access to NIS+ resources based on the credentials of the users? The correct answer is authentication. Question 3 Which of the following are features provided by NIS+? [Select all that apply.] ❑ A. Authentication ❑ B. Time-zone support ❑ C. Batch propagation of updates ❑ D. Hierarchical domain architecture ❑ E. Flat domain architecture The correct answers are A, B, and D. Answers C and E (batch propagation of updates and flat domain architecture) are characteristics of NIS. 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 367 Chapter 16 368 Question 4 Which of the following name services are supported by the Solaris 9 operating system? [Select all that apply.] ❑ A. NIS ❑ B. NIS+ ❑ C. FNS ❑ D. DNS ❑ E. /etc files configuration All of the answers are correct. Question 5 Which of the following commands is used to configure an NIS client? ❍ A. ypinit -m ❍ B. ypinit -c ❍ C. ypinit -s ❍ D. nisclient ❍ E. nisinit -c The correct answer is B. ypinit -m is used to configure a master server. Therefore, answer A is incorrect. ypinit -s is used to configure a slave serv- er. Therefore, answer C is incorrect. Answers D and E do not exist. Question 6 Which of the following is not a valid type of search status message? ❍ A. SUCCESS ❍ B. NOTFOUND ❍ C. TRYLATER ❍ D. UNAVAIL The correct answer is C. TRYLATER does not exist. The correct keyword is TRYAGAIN. 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 368 Name Services 369 Question 7 Identify the name of the BIND program used to provide DNS services. The correct answer is the in.named program. Question 8 Which of the following are information-type keywords that can be used in the /etc/nsswitch.conf file? [Select all that apply.] ❑ A. hosts ❑ B. ipaddr ❑ C. protocols ❑ D. services The correct answers are A, C, and D. ipaddr is not a valid keyword. IP address- es are a portion of the hosts information. Therefore, answer B is incorrect. Question 9 What are the files called that NIS uses to store the information that NIS clients request? The correct answer is maps. Question 10 Which of the following commands is used to propagate a new NIS map to NIS slave servers? ❍ A. yppush ❍ B. ypupdate ❍ C. yppropagate ❍ D. ypxfr ❍ E. ypmaps The correct answer is D. yppush is used to propagate an existing map that has been updated. Therefore, answer A is incorrect. Answers B, C, and E do not exist. 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 369 Chapter 16 370 Question 11 Which of the following naming services can operate in the Internet environment and are considered global naming services? [Select all that apply.] ❑ A. NIS+ ❑ B. DNS ❑ C. NIS ❑ D. X.500/LDAP Answers B and D are correct. NIS and NIS+ are enterprise-level naming services and do not scale globally. 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 370 Name Services 371 Need to Know More? Albtiz, Paul and Liu, Cricket, DNS and BIND. O’Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA, 2001. Howard, L., Request For Comment 2307, An Approach for Using LDAP as a Network Information Service (March 1998). Available at ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2307.txt. Stern, Hal, Managing NFS and NIS. O’Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA, 2001. Sun Microsystems, Solaris Naming Administration Guide. Available in printed form, on the Web at docs.sun.com, and from the online documentation provided with the Solaris 9 operating system. Sun Microsystems, Solaris Naming Setup and Configuration Guide. Available in printed form, on the Web at docs.sun.com, and from the online documentation provided with the Solaris 9 operating system. Wahl, M. et al., Request For Comment 2251, Lightweight Directory Protocol (v3) (December 1997). Available at ftp.isi.edu/ in-notes/rfc2251.txt. 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 371 16 8699 ch16 11/19/02 10:13 AM Page 372 Advanced Installation Terms You Need to Understand ✓ Installation phases ✓ Software packages ✓ Software clusters ✓ Software groups ✓ Installation methods ✓ Over-the-network installation ✓ Install server ✓ Boot server ✓ Custom JumpStart ✓ JumpStart rules file ✓ JumpStart profile files ✓ WebStart Flash archives Concepts You Need to Master ✓ Installing systems ✓ Preconfiguring system installation information ✓ Software configurations ✓ Setting up and using an over-the-network installation ✓ Setting up a JumpStart configuration directory ✓ Creating and administering Flash archives 17 17 8699 ch17 11/19/02 10:06 AM Page 373 Chapter 17 374 Introduction The first part of this chapter covers concepts and terms related to system installation, the installation phases, and a summary of the types of software configuration that can be installed. The second part of this chapter covers the concepts and components of an over-the-network installation environ- ment. The third part covers automating over-the-network installation using the JumpStart feature. The last part describes using Flash Archives to speed up the installation of a large number of identical systems. Server Installation This section includes the phases of an installation, the software configura- tions that can be installed on a system, and over-the-network installation. Installation Phases Installation consists of three phases: ➤ The system configuration phase identifies the necessary system information ➤ The system installation phase copies the software onto the system ➤ The post-installation phase updates and configures system software as required Each of these is discussed in the following sections. System Configuration Phase During the system configuration phase, basic information about the system, such as hostname and domain, is identified. This information can optionally be set up ahead of time, or preconfigured. There are two methods to precon- figure system information. The first involves using the sysidcfg file, and the second involves using a name service. If a system is not preconfigured, the sysidtool(1M) command is executed during installation to prompt for the information. The sysidtool command consists of five programs: sysidnet, sysidnis, sysidsys, sysidroot, and sysidpm. 17 8699 ch17 11/19/02 10:06 AM Page 374 Advanced Installation 375 System Installation Phase During the system installation phase, the selected Solaris 9 software group (covered later in this chapter) is installed using one of the four installation methods: ➤ SunInstall (standard interactive installation) ➤ WebStart ➤ JumpStart ➤ Custom JumpStart The two interactive installation methods (SunInstall and WebStart) are Part I exam objectives and were discussed in Chapter 1. The two automatic instal- lation methods (JumpStart and custom JumpStart) are Part II exam objec- tives and are described later in this chapter. All four of these installation methods can use over-the-network installation as described later in this chapter. However, exam 310-015 only addresses over-the-network installa- tion in terms of its use with JumpStart. Post-Installation Phase During the post-installation phase, any appropriate patches are installed along with any separately purchased applications. In addition, any custom configurations, such as user accounts and environments, are applied to the system. Typically, system security hardening is also performed during the post-installation phase. Preconfiguring System Information As previously described, during the system configuration phase, basic infor- mation about the system, such as hostname and domain, is identified. This information can be defined in the sysidcfg file, in the name service being used (NIS or NIS+), or manually during an interactive dialog. Using the sysidcfg File For the sysidcfg file method, a file for each system is created that contains a set of lines in the form of keyword=value, such as timezone=US/CENTRAL. The file can be available over the network (via NFS) or on disk mounted in the local disk drive. 17 8699 ch17 11/19/02 10:06 AM Page 375 Chapter 17 376 The following is a list of information that can be defined in the sysidcfg file: ➤ Name service (NIS, NIS+, DNS, or none) along with the hostname and IP address of the server ➤ Domain name ➤ Network interface (Specify DHCP or specify IP address and netmask instead. Also specify if IPv6 will be used) ➤ Root password ➤ System locale ➤ Te rminal (keyboard, mouse, monitor and graphics card type) ➤ Timezone (timezone and timeserver) Using NIS For the name service method, entries for each system are added to the Network Information Service (NIS) or the Network Information Service Plus (NIS+) database. The following system definition information can be defined in the NIS/NIS+ file: ➤ Name service (implied) ➤ Hostname and IP address ➤ System locale ➤ Timezone (timezone and timeserver) A lot more information can be defined in the sysidcfg file that cannot be defined in a name service, including the domain name, most of the network interface parameters (netmask, DCHP usage, and IPv6 usage), the root password, and terminal informa- tion (monitor, keyboard, mouse, and so on). The system locale (specific language and region) is stored in the /etc/locale file and can be specified for the system name or the domain name. For NIS, a locale.byname map can be built by modifying and executing the NIS makefile. The /etc/locale file is used as a source of information for the local.byname map. For NIS+, the nistbladm(1M) command is used to build the locale table and add entries. Software Configurations The Solaris 9 system software is distributed in several configurations. These configurations are discussed in the following sections. 17 8699 ch17 11/19/02 10:06 AM Page 376 [...]... documentation provided with the Solaris 9 operating system Sun Microsystems, System Reference Manual, Section 4—File Formats Available in printed form, on the Web at docs.sun.com, and from the online documentation provided with the Solaris 9 operating system 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 396 18 8 699 ch 18 11/ 19/ 02 10:05 AM Page 397 18 Practice Exam 1 This... on the topics that pertain to Exam 310014, “Sun Certified System Administrator for the Solaris 9 Operating Environment—Part I.” This exam must be completed in 105 minutes Keep in mind that to become certified, you must pass both the 310-015 exam and this one  18 8 699 ch 18 11/ 19/ 02 10:05 AM Page 3 98 3 98 Chapter 18 Practice Exam Questions Question 1 Where... 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 395 395 Advanced Installation Want to Know More? Becker, Morris and Slattery, Solaris Implementation, SunSoft Press, 199 5 Sun Microsystems, Solaris Advanced Installation Guide Available in printed form, on the Web at docs.sun.com, and from the online documentation provided with the Solaris 9 operating system Sun Microsystems,... print 4 Selects a partition table Question 4 What type of file link references a file based on location in the local file system and cannot be used to point to a file on another file system? 18 8 699 ch 18 11/ 19/ 02 10:05 AM Page 399 399 Practice Exam 1 Question 5 Which of the following commands is used to manage the dynamic configuration of hot-plugging devices?... 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 382 382 Chapter 17 This command is executed from the Solaris_ 9/ Tools directory of the Solaris 9 Software (2 of 2) distribution CD or from the mount point of the Solaris 9 Installation CD The name of the system to be installed is identified by the host command-line argument followed by the platform group of the system In this example,... Solaris operating system on new SPARC platforms by inserting the Solaris distribution CD into the local CD-ROM drive and powering on the system or booting via the network WebStart Flash Installation provides a procedure to quickly install a large number of systems using a predefined system configuration and can be used with any of the installation methods 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 391 391 ... parameter 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 388 388 Chapter 17 WebStart Flash Installation WebStart Flash Installation provides a procedure to quickly install a large number of systems using a predefined system configuration Instead of using the time-consuming process of installing software groups, clusters, and packages (as with the standard Solaris installation... install server and path for the install images server:path 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 394 394 Chapter 17 Question 9 What is the file used by a custom JumpStart installation to define how a system is installed? The correct answer is profile Question 10 Which of the following are Solaris 9 software groups? [Select all that apply.] ❑ A Entire Distribution... Developer System Support Intended as a software development environment Consists of the End User Support System, plus ➤ Programming tools and libraries ➤ Extended terminal, X, and kernel probing support ➤ CDE/Motif developer software and runtimes ➤ Online manual pages (continued) 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 3 78 3 78 Chapter 17 Table 17.1 Solaris 9 Software... install servers 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 3 79 3 79 Advanced Installation Install Server An install server is a system that provides the distribution files necessary for the installation of the Solaris operating system on an install client during an over-the-network installation The files can be provided directly from the Solaris distribution . the Solaris 9 operating system. Wahl, M. et al., Request For Comment 2251, Lightweight Directory Protocol (v3) (December 199 7). Available at ftp.isi.edu/ in-notes/rfc2251.txt. 16 8 699 ch16 11/ 19/ 02. pages (continued) 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 377 Chapter 17 3 78 Table 17.1 Solaris 9 Software Groups (continued) Software Group Contents Entire Distribution All files included with the Solaris 9 distribution that sets up a system for over-the-network installation: # add_install_client host sun4m 17 8 699 ch17 11/ 19/ 02 10:06 AM Page 381 Chapter 17 382 This command is executed from the Solaris_ 9/ Tools directory