Hazardous Chemicals Handbook 2 Episode 15 docx

CONVERSION TABLES AND MEASUREMENT DATA 549 Flow rates To obtain: litres/min m 3 /hr lmp gal/min US gal/min ft 3 /min ft 3 /s Multiply no. of litres/min by 1 0.06 0.2200 0.2642 0.0353 5.89 × 10 –4 m 3 /hr by 16.67 1 3.7 4.4 0.588 9.89 × 10 –3 lmp gal/min by 4.55 0.273 1 1.2010 0.1605 2.67 × 10 –3 US gal/min by 3.78 0.227 0.832 67 1 0.1338 2.23 × 10 –3 ft 3 /min by 28.32 1.699 6.23 7.50 1 0.016 67 ft 3 /s by 1699 102 373.7 448.8 60 1 Energy/unit area (dose units) To obtain: erg/cm 2 joule/cm 2 W s/cm 2 µµ µµ µW s/cm 2 g cal/cm 2 Multiply no. of erg/cm 2 by 110 –7 10 –7 0.1 2.39 × 10 –8 joule/cm 2 by 10 7 1110 6 0.239 W s/cm 2 by 10 7 1110 6 0.239 µW s/cm 2 by 10 10 –6 10 –6 1 2.39 × 10 –7 g cal/cm 2 by 4.19 × 10 7 4.19 4.19 4.19 × 10 6 1 Concentration mg/litre in water (specific gravity = 1.0) × 1.0 = ppm or g/m 3 × 0.001 = g/litre × 0.070157 = grains per lmp gal × 0.058418 = grains per US gal × 6.95 = lb per million lmp gal × 8.35 = lb per million US gal mg/kg × 0.002 = lb/ton (short) × 0.0018 = lb/ton (long) Emission rates To obtain: g/s g/min kg/hr kg/day lb/min lb/hr lb/day Multiply no. of g/s by 1.0 60.0 3.6 86.40 0.132 28 7.9367 190.48 g/min by 0.016 667 1.0 0.06 1.4400 2.2046 × 10 –3 0.132 28 3.1747 kg/hr by 0.277 78 16.667 1.0 24.000 0.036 744 2.2046 52.911 kg/day by 0.011 574 0.694 44 0.041 667 1.0 1.5310 × 10 –3 9.1860 × 10 –2 2.2046 lb/min by 7.5598 453.59 27.215 653.17 1.0 60.0 1440 lb/hr by 0.126 00 7.5598 0.453 59 10.886 1.6667 × 10 –2 1.0 24.0 lb/day by 5.2499 × 10 –3 0.314 99 1.8900 × 10 –2 0.453 59 6.9444 × 10 –4 4.1667 × 10 –2 1.0 Heat, energy or work To obtain: joule ft lb kW hr hp hr kcal cal Btu Multiply no. of joules by 1 0.737 2.773 × 10 –7 3.725 × 10 –7 2.39 × 10 –4 0.2390 9.478 × 10 –4 ft lb by 1.356 1 3.766 × 10 –7 5.05 × 10 –7 3.24 × 10 –4 0.3241 1.285 × 10 –3 kW hr by 3.6 × 10 6 2.66 × 10 6 1 1.341 860.57 860 565 3412 hp hr by 2.68 × 10 6 1.98 × 10 6 0.7455 1 641.62 641 615 2545 kcal by 4184 3086 1.162 × 10 –3 1.558 × 10 –3 1 1000 3.9657 cal by 4.184 3.086 1.162 × 10 –6 1.558 × 10 –6 0.001 1 0.003 97 Btu by 1055 778.16 2.930 × 10 –4 3.93 × 10 –4 0.252 252 1 CONVERSION TABLES AND MEASUREMENT DATA 551 Velocity To obtain: cm/s m/s km/hr ft/s ft/min mph Multiply no. of cm/s by 1 0.01 0.036 0.0328 1.968 0.022 37 m/s by 100 1 3.6 3.281 196.85 2.237 km/hr by 27.78 0.2778 1 0.9113 54.68 0.6214 ft/s by 30.48 0.3048 18.29 1 60 0.6818 ft/min by 0.5080 0.005 08 0.0183 0.0166 1 0.011 36 mph by 44.70 0.4470 1.609 1.467 88 1 1 km/hr = 0.277 778 m/s 1 ft/s = 0.681 818 miles/hr = 0.621 371 miles/hr = 0.911 344 ft/s 19 Bibliography It is impractical to catalogue all relevant publications but the following is a selection of useful sources of information relating to hazardous substances. The scope of legislation is restricted to industrial sources of hazardous chemicals; excluded are pollution by domestic fires, emissions from road vehicles and other means of transport, etc. Some proposals for legislation will have now become enacted whereas others may be dropped. Some statutory instruments will have been repealed by subsequent versions. When investigating incidents, complaints etc. it is important to be aware of the legislation/guidance available at the time of the events. For this reason the selected legislation listed demonstrates the requirements in vogue at, or after, the time of publication of the first edition, even though many will have since been updated or repealed. Selected textbooks Inorganic chemistry Barnett, J., and Malati, M.A. (1997) Fundamentals of Inorganic Chemistry, Horwood Publishing, Chichester. Buchel, K.H. et al. (2000) Industrial Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Cotton, F.A. et al. (1999) Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, Chichester. Cotton, F.A. et al. (1999) Basic Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley, Chichester. Lee, J.D. (1998) Concise Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwell Science, Oxford. Striver, D.F., and Atkin, P.W. (1999) Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Organic chemistry Brown, W., and Foote, C. (1997) Organic Chemistry, Saunders College Publishing, London. Finar, I.L. (1996) Organic Chemistry, Longman Higher Educational, Harlow. Groundwater, P.W., and Taylor, G.A. (1997) Organic Chemistry for Health and Life Sciences, 4th edn Longman, Harlow. Housecroft, C.E., and Constable, E.E. (1997) Chemistry, an Integrated Approach, Longman, Harlow. McMurry, J., and Castellion, M.E. (1997) Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, Brooks Cole. Peach, J., and Hornby, M. (2000) Foundations of Organic Chemistry: Worked Examples, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Tiwari, K.S., and Vishmoi, S.N. (1999) A Textbook of Organic Chemistry, Sangam Books. Widom, J.M., and Edelstein, S.J. (1981) Chemistry, An Introduction to General, Organic and Biological Chemistry, Freeman, San Francisco. Physical chemistry Astarita, E. (1989) Thermodynamics, Kluwer Academic/Plenum, The Hague. Atkin, P.W. (1998) Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Isaacs, N.S. (1995) Physical Organic Chemistry, Longman Higher Educational, Harlow. BIBLIOGRAPHY 553 Kettle, S.F.A. (1998) Physical Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Ladd, M.F.C. (1998) Introduction to Physical Chemistry, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Lawrence, C. et al. (1996) Foundations of Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Mortimer, R.G. (2000) Physical Chemistry, Academic Press, London. Mozunder, A. (1999) Fundamentals of Radiation Chemistry, Academic Press, Kingston-upon Thames. Wright, M.R. (1999) Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics, Horwood Publishing, Hemel Hempstead. Safety and environment Alderson, M.R. (1986) Occupational Cancer, Butterworths, London. Allen, D.T. and Rosselot, K.S. (1996) Pollution Prevention for Chemical Processes, Wiley, New York. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (2000) Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances in the Work Environment, ACGIH, Cincinnati. Armour, M.A. (1996) Hazardous Laboratory Chemicals Disposal Guide, CRC Press, Lewis Publishers. Ashford, N., and Miller, C. (1998) Chemical Exposures, High Levels and High Stakes, 2nd edn, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. Bartknecht, W. (1981) Explosions, Springer-Verlag, New York. Barton, J., and Rogers, R. (ed.) (1966) Chemical Reaction Hazards, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Rugby. Bendito, D.P. et al. (1998) Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Elsevier Science Ltd, Amsterdam. Boleij, J.S.M. et al. (1994) Occupational Hygiene of Chemical and Biological Agents, Elsevier Science Ltd, Amsterdam. Bond, J. (1991) Sources of Ignition – Flammability Characteristics of Chemicals and Products. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Bourdeau, P., and Green, G. (1989) Methods for Assessing and Reducing Injury from Chemical Accidents, Wiley, Chichester. Bretherick, L. (1990) Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 4th edn, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. British Cryogenics Council (1991) Cryogenics Safety Manual, 3rd edn, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. British Occupational Hygiene Society (1985) The Selection and Use of Personal Sampling Pumps, Technical Guide No. 5, BOHS, Norwood, Science Reviews. British Occupational Hygiene Society (1988) Controlling Airborne Contaminants in the Workplace, Technical Guide No. 7, BOHS, Norwood, Science Reviews. British Occupational Hygiene Technology Committee (1975) Guide to the Design and Installation of Laboratory Fume Cupboards. Britton, L.G. (2000) Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Processes, American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Browning, E. (1965) Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Burgess, W.A. (1995) Recognition of Health Hazards in Industry, 2nd edn, Wiley, New York. Campbell, M. (ed.) (1996) Sensor System for Environmental Monitoring, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Hague. Carson, P.A., and Dent, N.J. (ed.) (1990) Good Laboratory and Clinical Practices, Heinemann Newnes, Oxford. Carson, P.A., and Mumford, C.J. (1988) The Safe Handling of Chemicals in Industry (Vols 1 and 2), Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow. Carson, P.A., and Mumford, C.J. (1996) The Safe Handling of Chemicals in Industry (Vol. 3), Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow. Center for Chemical Process Safety, American Institute of Chemical Engineers Guidelines for Chemical Transport Risk Analysis (1995) Guidelines for Design Solutions to Process Equipment Failures Safety (1997) Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety (1993) Guidelines for Evaluating the Consequences of Vapour Cloud Explosions, Flash Fires, and BLEVEs (1994) Guidelines for Implementing Process Safety Management Systems (1994) Guidelines for Improving Plant Reliability through Equipment Data Collection and Analysis (1998) Guidelines for Investigating Chemical Process Incidents (1992) Guidelines for Post Release Mitigation in the Chemical Process Industry (1997) Guidelines for Process Safety in Batch Reaction Systems (2000) Guidelines for Safe Automation of Chemical Processes (1993) Guidelines for Safe Warehousing of Chemicals (1997) Guidelines for Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety (1989) Chemical Industries Association, London Allergy to Chemicals at Work (1990) An Approach to the Categorisation of Process Plant Hazard and Control Building Design (1990) Be Prepared for an Emergency–Guidance for Emergency Planning (1991) 554 BIBLIOGRAPHY Be Prepared for an Emergency: Training and Exercises (1992) Chemicals in a Sustainable World (1993) Chemical Exposure Treatment Cards (1991) Chemsafe – Assistance in Chemical Distribution Emergencies (1996) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH). Guidance on Exposure Limits for Mixtures (Regulation 7). Revised (1993) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH). Guidance on Setting In-House Occupational Exposure Limits (Regulation 7) (1990) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH). Guidance on Monitoring of Exposure (Regulation 10) (1993) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations (COSHH). Guidance on Information, Instruction and Training (Regulation 12) (1990) COSHH: COSHH in distribution. Some aspects of the application of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1988 (COSHH) to Product Distribution (1992) COSHH: Guidance on Record Keeping (1991) COSHH: Guidance on Collection and Evaluation of Hazard Information (Regulation 2) (1991) Determination of Formaldehyde in the Workplace Atmosphere (1993) Flame Retardant Products and their Uses (1990) Formaldehyde: Questions and Answers (1993) A Guide to Hazard and Operability Studies (1993) Guidance on Transfer Connections for the Safe Handling of Anhydrous Ammonia in the UK (1990) Guidance on Carcinogens in the Workplace. Revised (1993) Guidelines for Bulk Handling of Ethylene Oxide (1996) Guidelines for Certification to ISO 9001 – Health, Safety and Environmental Management Systems (and BS7750 – Environmental Management Systems) in the Chemical Industry (1992) Guidelines on Employers’ Liability and Public Liability Risk Assessment in the Chemical Industry (1992) Guidelines on Material Damage Risk Assessment in the Chemical Industry (3rd edn) (1992) Guidelines on Product Liability Risk Assessment in the Chemical Industry (1992) Guidance on Safety, Occupational Health and Environmental Protection Auditing (1991) Guidance on Prevention or Control of Exposure (Regulation 7) (1998) Guidelines for Safe Warehousing (1990) Management of Wastes at Production Sites (1995) Plastics Containers for the Carriage of Hazardous Materials. An Outline of Recommended Quality Control Standards (1991) Protection of the Eyes (3rd edn) (1990) Responsible Care Management Systems for Health, Safety and Environment (2nd edn) (1995) Responsible Care Management System – Self Assessment (1998) Responsible Care (1996) Responsible Care Management Systems – Guidance (3rd edn) (1998) Responsible Care Management Systems – Additional Guidance (1999) Risk Reduction for Existing Substances (1995) Risk-Benefit Analysis of Existing Substances (1995) Road Transport of Dangerous Substances in Bulk. Guidance on Procedures for Organising and Monitoring (1990) Safe Handling of Colourants (1990) Safe Handling of Colourants 2: Hazard Classification and Selection of Occupational Hygiene Strategies (1993) Safe Handling of Formaldehyde (2nd edn) (1995) Steel Containers for the Carriage of Hazardous Materials. An Outline of Recommended Quality Control Standards (1991) Terms and Phrases used in the Chemical Exposure Treatment Cards (1992) Timber Pallets for the Carriage of Hazardous Substances. An Outline of Recommended Quality Control Standards (1992) Use of Waste Disposal Contractors (1995) What is Toxicology (1995) Chemical and Process Industries Training Board (1977) Permit to Work Systems, CAPITB-16, London. Cheremisinoff, P.N. (1992) Waste Incineration Handbook, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Cheremisinoff, P.N., and Graffia, M. (1995) Safety Management Practices for Hazardous Materials, Marcel Dekker, New York. Chou, J. (2000) Hazardous Gas Monitors: A Practical Guide to Selection, Operation and Applications. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. BIBLIOGRAPHY 555 Clayton, G.D., and Clayton, F.E. (ed.) (1982) Patty’s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 3rd edn, Wiley, New York. Clarke, A.G. (ed.) (1997) Indoor Air Pollution Monitoring, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Hague. Connor, K.J., and McLintock, I.S. (1995) Radiation Protection: Handbook for Laboratory Workers, H&H Scientific Consultants. Copin, A. (ed.) (1995) Environmental Behaviour of Pesticides and Regulatory Aspects, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Cox, S.J., and Tait, N.R.S. (1991) Reliability, Safety and Risk Management: An Integrated Approach, Butterworth- Heinemann, Oxford. Cralley, L.V., and Cralley, L.L. (ed.) (1983/84) Industrial Hygiene Aspects of Plant Operations, 3 vols, Macmillan, New York. Croner Publications Ltd (1986) Dangerous Chemicals: Emergency First-aid Guide, 2nd edn. Cullis, C.F., and Firth, J.G. (ed.) (1988) Detection and Measurement of Hazardous Gases, Heinemann, London. Daugherty, J., (1997) Assessment of Chemical Exposures: Calculation Methods for Environmental Professionals, Lewis Publishing, London. Davison, G., and Hewitt, C.N. (ed.) (1997) Air Pollution in the United Kingdom, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Dow Chemical Company (1993) Dow’s Fire and Explosion Index Hazard Classification Guide American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Drake, J.A.G. (1994) Integrated Pollution Control, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Down, R. (2000) Handbook of Environmental Instrumentation, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co, New York. Duffins, J.J. (ed.) (1997) Carcinogenicity of Inorganic Substances, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Environmental Protection Agency (1995) Landfill Manuals: Landfill Monitoring. Everett, K., and Hughes, D. (1981) A Guide to Laboratory Design, 2nd edn, Butterworths, London. Fawcett, H.H., and Woods, W.S. (ed.) (1982) Safety and Accident Prevention in Chemical Operations, 2nd edn, Wiley, Chichester. Fire Protection Association (1977a) Fire and Related Properties of Industrial Chemicals, London. Fire Protection Association (1977b) Guide to Fire Precautions with Outside Contractors, London. Forsberg, K., and Keith, L.H. (1999) Chemical Protective Clothing Performance Index, Wiley, Chichester. Foster, S.S.D. et al. (2000) Groundwater Quality Monitoring, Spon Press. Furr, A.K. (ed.) (2000) CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety, 5th edn, CRC. Gangoli, S. (ed.) (1999) The Dictionary of Substances and their Effects (DOSE), Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Gibbons, R. (1994) Statistical Methods for Groundwater Monitoring, Wiley. Gilbert, R.O. (1987) Statistical Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring, Wiley, Chichester. Grandjean, P. (1990) Skin Penetration, Hazardous Chemicals at Work, Taylor and Francis, London. Greenberg, M.I. (ed.) (1997) Occupational, Industrial and Environmental Toxicology, Mosby, St Louis. Griffiths, R. (ed.) (1995) Sulphur Trioxide, Oleum and Sulphuric Acid Mist, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Rugby. Harrington, J.M. and Gardiner, K. (1995) Occupational Hygiene, 2nd edn, Blackwell Science, Oxford. Harrison, R.M. (ed.) (1996) Pollution Causes, Effects and Control, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Harrison, R.M. (1999) Understanding Our Environment: An Introduction to Environmental Chemistry and Pollution, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Hathaway, G.J., Proctor, N.H., Hughes, J.P., and Fishman, M.L. (1991) Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, 3rd edn, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. Harvey, B. (ed.) (1990) Handbook of Occupational Hygiene, Croner Publications, New Malden. Hazell, R.W. (ed.) (1996) COSHH in Laboratories, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Henning, H. (ed.) (1993) Solvent Safety Sheets: A Compendium for the Working Chemist, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. High Pressure Technology Association (1975) High Pressure Safety Code, Leeds. Hughes, J.R. (1970) Storage and Handling of Petroleum Liquids – Practice and Law, 2nd edn, Griffin, London. Institution of Chemical Engineers (1983) The Preparation of Plant for Maintenance, London. Institution of Chemical Engineers (1987) User Guide for the Safe Operation of Centrifuges, London. Institution of Chemical Engineers (1990) Prevention of fires and Explosions in Dryers: A User Guide, 2nd edn, London. International Atomic Energy Agency, Safe Handling of Radioisotopes, Safety Series No. 1, Vienna. Isman, W.E., and Carlson, G.P. (1980) Hazardous Materials, Glencoe, Encino, California. Jahnke, J.A. (2000) Continuous Emission Monitoring, Wiley, Chichester. Jones, C.W. (1999) Applications of Hydrogen Peroxide and Derivatives, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Kim, U., and Falkenbury, J. (1996) Environmental and Safety Auditing; Program Strategies for Legal, International and Financial Issues, Science Behaviour Books. Kimber, I. (1997) Toxicology of Chemical Respiratory Hypersensitivity, Taylor and Francis, London. Kletz, T.A. 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(1989) Safety Cases Within the Control of Industrial Major (CIMAH) Regulations 1984, Butterworth, London. Lees, F.P. (1996) Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 2nd edn, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Lefevre, M.J. (ed.) (1989) First Aid Manual for Chemical Accidents, 2nd edn, Wiley, Chichester. Leonelli, J., and Althouse, M.L. (eds) (1999) Air Monitoring and Detection of Chemical and Biological Agents, SPIE Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. Lewis, P. (1993) Health Protection from Chemicals in the Workplace, Ellis Horwood Ltd, Chichester. Lewis, R.J. (2000) Rapid Guide to Hazardous Chemicals in the Workplace, Wiley, Chichester. Lioy, P.J., and Lioy, M.J.Y. (1989) Air Sampling Instruments, ACGIH, Cincinnati. Lipton, S., and Lynch, J. (1994) Handbook of Health Hazard Control in the Chemical Process Industry, Wiley, New Yo rk . Lunn, G., and Sansone, E.B. (1994) Destruction of Hazardous Chemicals in the Laboratory, Wiley, Chichester. Lunn, G.A. 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(1973) Dust Explosions and Fires, Chapman and Hall, London. Paul, J., and Pradier, C. (1994) Carbon Dioxide Chemistry: Environmental Issues, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Pipitone, D.A. (ed.) (1991) Safe Storage of Laboratory Chemicals, 2nd edn, Wiley, New York. Pohanish, R.P., and Greene, S.A. (1997) Rapid Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities, Wiley, New York. Pohanish, R.P., and Greene, S.A. (1998) Electronic and Computer Industry Guide to Chemical Safety and Environmental Compliance, Wiley, New York. Porteous, A. (ed.) (1985) Hazardous Waste Management Handbook, Butterworths, London. Printing Industry Advisory Committee (1995) Chemical Safety in the Printing Industry, H.S.E. Bootle. Quevauviller, P. (ed.) (1995) Quality Assurance in Environmental Monitoring, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. Quint, M. et al. (ed.) (1995) Environmental Impact of Chemicals: Assessment and Control, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Radojavic, M., and Bashkin, V.N. (1999) Practical Environmental Monitoring, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Raffle, P.A.B., Adams, P.H., Baxter, P.J., and Lee, W.R. (ed.) (1994) Hunter’s Diseases of Occupations, 8th edn, Edward Arnold, London. BIBLIOGRAPHY 557 Rao, S. (1999) Impact Assessment of Hazardous Aquatic Contaminants, CRC Press. Reinhardt, R.A. (ed.) et al. (1996) Pollution Prevention and Waste Minimization in Laboratories, Lewis Publishing. Richardson, M.L. (ed.) (1992) Risk Management of Chemicals, Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Richardson, M.L. (ed.) (1991) Chemistry, Agriculture and the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Richardson, M.L. (ed). (1986) Toxic Hazard Assessment of Chemicals, The Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Richardson, M.L. (1986) Risk Assessment for Hazardous Installations, Pergamon, Oxford. Richardson, M.L. (ed.) (1988) Risk Assessment of Chemicals in the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, London. Ridley, J.R.R., and Channing, J. (1999) Safety at Work, 5th edn, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Royal Society of Chemistry (1977) Code of Practice for Chemical Laboratories, London. Royal Society of Chemistry (1989) COSHH in Laboratories, London. Rubber Industry Advisory Committee – A New Practical Guide to Complying with COSHH in the Rubber Industry Dust Control in Powder Handling and Weighing Dust and Fume Control in Rubber Mixing and Milling Control of Solvents in the Rubber Industry Sadhra, S.S., and Rampal, K.G. (1999) Occupational Health Assessment and Management, Blackwell Science, Oxford. Sanders, R.E. (1999) Chemical Process Plant Safety, American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Saunders, G.T. (1993) Laboratory Fume Hoods: A User’s Manual, Wiley. Schafer, K. (ed.) (1999) Spectroscopic Atmospheric Environmental Monitoring Techniques, SPIE Society of Photo- optical Instrumentation Engineers. 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UK legislation on dangerous substances Selected acts of parliament Environmental Protection Act 1990 Radioactive Material (Road Transport) Act 1991 Radioactive Substances Act 1993 The Environment Act 1995 The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 558 BIBLIOGRAPHY Selected statutory instruments SI 1962/2645 Radioactive Substances (Exhibitions) Exemption Order SI 1962/2646 Radioactive Substances (Storage and Transit) Exemption Order SI 1962/2648 Radioactive Substances (Phosphatic Substances, Rare Earths, etc.) Exemption Order SI 1962/2649 Radioactive Substances (Lead) Exemption Order SI 1962/2710 Radioactive Substances (Uranium and Thorium) Exemption Order SI 1962/2711 Radioactive Substances (Prepared Uranium and Thorium Compounds) Order SI 1962/2712 Radioactive Substances (Geological Specimens) Exemption Order SI 1963/1831 Radioactive Substances (Waste Closed Sources) Exemption Order SI 1963/1832 Radioactive Substances (Schools, etc.) Exemption Order SI 1963/1836 Radioactive Substances (Precipitated Phosphate) Exemption Order SI 1963/1832 Radioactive Substances (Schools, etc.) Exemption Order SI 1967/1797 Radioactive Substances (Electronic Valves) Exemption Order SI 1980/953 Radioactive Substances (Smoke Detectors) Exemption Order SI 1980/1248 Control of Lead at Work Regulations SI 1982/1357 The Notification of Installations Handling Hazardous Substances Regulations SI 1983/1649 Asbestos (Licensing) Regulations SI 1983/1140 The Classification and Labelling of Explosives Regulations SI 1984/1890 Freight Containers (Safety Convention) Regulations SI 1985/1047 Radioactive Substances (Gaseous Tritium Light Devices) Exemption Order SI 1985/1048 Radioactive Substances (Luminous Articles) Exemption Order SI 1985/1049 Radioactive Substances (Testing Instruments) Exemption Order SI 1985/2042 Asbestos Product (Safety) Regulations SI 1986/1002 Radioactive Substances (Substances of Low Activity) Exemption Order SI 1986/1510 Control of Pesticides Regulations SI 1987/1979 Asbestos Products (Safety) (Amendment) Regulations SI 1987/37 Health and Safety – The Dangerous Substances in Harbour Areas Regulations SI 1987/2115 Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations SI 1988/819 Collection and Disposal of Waste Regulations SI 1988/1655 Health and Safety – The Docks Regulations SI 1989/1156 Trade Effluents (Prescribed Processes and Substances) Regulations SI 1990/556 Control of Asbestos in Air Regulations SI 1990/2504 Radioactive Substances (Appeals) Regulations SI 1990/2512 Radioactive Substances (Hospitals) Exemption Order SI 1991/447 Radioactive Substances (Smoke Detectors) Exemption (Amendment) Order SI 1991/836 Environmental Protection (Prescribed Processes and Substances) Regulations SI 1992/31 Environmental Protection (Controls on Injurious Substances) Regulations SI 1992/43 Road Traffic (Carriage of Dangerous Substances in Road Tankers and Tank Containers) Regulations SI 1992/647 Radioactive Substances (Substances of Low Activity) Exemption (Amendment) Order SI 1992/656 Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations SI 1992/1583 Environmental Protection (Controls on Injurious Substances) (No. 2) Regulations SI 1992/1685 Radioactive Substances (Records of Convictions) Regulations SI 1992/2617 The Environmental Protection Act 1990 (Modification of Section 112) Regulations SI 1992/2997 Public Information for Radiation Emergencies Regulations SI 1992/3067 Asbestos (Prohibitions) Regulations SI 1992/3068 Control of Asbestos at Work (Amendment) Regulations SI 1992/3217 The Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations SI 1992/3280 The Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations SI 1993/1 Environmental Protection (Controls on Injurious Substances) Regulations SI 1993/15 The Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use) Regulations SI 1993/152 The Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations SI 1993/1643 Environmental Protection (Controls on Injurious Substances) (No. 2) Regulations SI 1993/3031 Transfrontier Shipment of Radioactive Waste Regulations SI 1994/199 Environmental Protection (Non-Refillable Refrigerant Containers) Regulations SI 1994/232 Batteries and Accumulators (Containing Dangerous Substances) Regulations SI 1994/2844 Dangerous Substances and Preparations (Safety) (Consolidation) Regulations SI 1994/3247 Chemical (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations [...]... MDHS 11 MDHS 12/ 2 MDHS 13 MDHS 14/3 MDHS 15 MDHS 16 MDHS 17 MDHS 18 MDHS 19 MDHS 20 MDHS 21 MDHS 22 MDHS 23 MDHS 24 MDHS 25 /3 MDHS 26 MDHS 27 MDHS 28 MDHS 29 /2 MDHS 30 /2 MDHS 31 MDHS 32 MDHS 33 /2 MDHS 34 MDHS 35 /2 MDHS 36 MDHS 37 MDHS 38 MDHS 39/4 MDHS 40 MDHS 41 /2 MDHS 42/ 2 MDHS 43 MDHS 44 MDHS 45 MDHS 46 /2 MDHS 47 /2 MDHS 48 MDHS 49 MDHS 50 MDHS 51 MDHS 52/ 3 MDHS 53 MDHS 54 MDHS 55 MDHS 56 /2 MDHS 57 MDHS... SI SI SI SI SI SI 1958/498 1969/411 1969/ 126 2 1969/ 126 3 1971/161 1971/1 62 1977/17 1977/18 1983/943 1989/317 1989/319 1990/556 1991/4 72 1991/507 1991/513 1991/ 128 2 19 92/ 72 19 92/ 222 5 1993 /24 99 1994/199 1994/440 1995 /26 44 1995/3146 1996/506 1996/1145 1996 /26 78 SI 1997 /26 58 SI 1997/3043 SI 1998/767 SI SI SI SI SI SI 1998 /21 54 1998/3096 1999/3107 20 00/ 928 20 00/1077 20 00/1460 Dark Smoke (Permitted Periods)... 76/464/EEC 77/795/EEC 78/176/EEC 78/659/EEC 79/ 115/ EEC 79/869/EEC 79/ 923 /EEC 80/68/EEC 80/778/EEC 82/ 176/EEC 82/ 2 42/ EEC 82/ 883/EEC 83/513/EEC 84 /156 /EEC 84/491/EEC 86 /27 8/EEC 86 /28 0/EEC 87 /21 7/EEC 88/347/EEC 90/ 415/ EEC 91 /27 1/EEC 91/676/EEC 92/ 1 12/ EEC 93/75/EEC 94/57/EC 94/58/EC 95 /21 /EC 96/61/EC 98 /15/ EC 98 /25 /EC 98/35/EC 98/ 42/ EC 98/55/EC 98/74/EC 98/83/EC 98 /24 9/EC 99/97/EC Directive on detergents Directive... SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI 1989/1149 1989/11 52 1989/ 1156 1989/1378 1989/1384 1989/1968 1989 /22 86 1990/1 629 1991/ 324 1991/4 72 1991/507 1991 /159 7 1991/1837 1991 /27 90 19 92/ 337 19 92/ 339 1994/1057 1994/1 729 1994 /28 41 1995/1708 1995 /20 95 1996/888 1996 /20 44 1996 /20 75 SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI 1996 /29 71 1996/3001 1996/3105 1997/547 1997/990 1997/1331 1997/13 32 1997 /25 60 1998/314 SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI... foodstuffs of animal origin BIBLIOGRAPHY 87 /21 7/EEC 88/183/EEC 89/178/EEC 89 /28 4/EEC 89/530/EEC 89/677/EEC 89/684/EEC 90 /21 9/EEC 90 /22 0/EEC 90/394/EEC 90/4 92/ EEC 90/6 42/ EEC 91/1 32/ EEC 91 /155 /EEC 91 /157 /EEC 91/173/EEC 91/188/EEC 91/338/EEC 91/339/EEC 91/3 82/ EEC 91/414/EEC 91/689/EEC 92/ 32/ EEC 92/ 3/EURATOM 93/18/EEC 93/69/EEC 93/71/EEC 93/75/EEC 93/86/EEC 94 /15/ EC 94 /27 /EC 94 /29 /EC 94/30/EC 94/51/EC 94/63/EC 94/48/EC... permit temporarily the marketing of forest reproductive material not satisfying the requirements of Directive 66/404/EEC 564 BIBLIOGRAPHY 20 00/166/EC 20 00/180/EC 20 00/181/EC 20 00 /21 0/EC 20 00 /23 3/EC 20 00 /23 4/EC 20 00 /25 1/EC 20 00/ 320 /EC 20 00/358/EC 20 00/390/EC 20 00/4 12/ EC Decision extending the possible time period for provisional authorizations of the new active substance quinoxyfen Decision extending... EH EH EH EH 36 37 38 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 49 50 51 52 EH 53 EH 54 EH 55 EH 56 EH 57 EH 58 EH 59 EH 60 EH 62 EH 63 EH 64 EH 65/1 EH 65 /2 EH 65/3 EH 65/4 EH 65/5 EH 65/6 EH 65/7 EH 65/8 EH 65/9 EH 65/10 EH 65/11 EH 65/ 12 EH 65/13 EH 65/14 EH 65 /15 EH 65/16 EH 65/17 EH 65/18 EH 65/19 EH 65 /20 EH 65 /21 EH 65 /22 EH 65 /23 EH 65 /24 EH 65 /25 EH 65 /26 EH 65 /27 EH 65 /28 EH 65 /29 573 Benzidine-based dyes:... 1995/304 SI 1995 /23 95 SI 1996/967 SI 1996/10 92 SI 1996/1106 SI 1996/1350 SI 1996 /20 75 SI 1996 /20 89 SI 1996 /20 90 SI 1996 /20 92 SI SI SI SI SI SI 1996 /20 93 1996 /20 94 1996 /20 95 1996 /26 35 1997/1460 1997/1900 SI 1997 /23 67 SI 1998/545 SI 1998/767 SI SI SI SI SI SI 1998 /154 8 1998 /28 85 1998/3106 1998/ 323 3 1998/ 323 5 1999/40 SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI 1999/197 1999 /25 7 1999/303 1999/336... 1997/990 1997/1331 1997/13 32 1997 /25 60 1998/314 SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI SI 1998/389 1998/79 1998/8 92 1998/ 120 2 1998/1649 1998 /21 38 1998 /27 46 1998/3084 1999/1006 1999/1148 1999 /150 6 1999/1 524 1999/3440 1999/3441 1999/34 42 2000/477 20 00/519 20 00/ 129 7 20 00/18 42 Controlled Water (Lakes and Ponds) Order Water and Sewerage (Conservation Access and Recreation) (Code of Practice) Order... manufacture Chlorine works 5 72 BPM BPM BPM BPM BIBLIOGRAPHY 20 21 22 23 Iron Iron Iron Iron works and steel works Basic oxygen steel plants works and steel works Blast furnaces work and steel works Machine scarfing works and steel works Ore preparation Chemical CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS CS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Industrial use of flammable . 0.06 0 .22 00 0 .26 42 0.0353 5.89 × 10 –4 m 3 /hr by 16.67 1 3.7 4.4 0.588 9.89 × 10 –3 lmp gal/min by 4.55 0 .27 3 1 1 .20 10 0.1605 2. 67 × 10 –3 US gal/min by 3.78 0 .22 7 0.8 32 67 1 0.1338 2. 23 ×. by 1.0 60.0 3.6 86.40 0.1 32 28 7.9367 190.48 g/min by 0.016 667 1.0 0.06 1.4400 2. 2046 × 10 –3 0.1 32 28 3.1747 kg/hr by 0 .27 7 78 16.667 1.0 24 .000 0.036 744 2. 2046 52. 911 kg/day by 0.011 574. 10 –3 9.1860 × 10 2 2 .20 46 lb/min by 7.5598 453.59 27 .21 5 653.17 1.0 60.0 1440 lb/hr by 0. 126 00 7.5598 0.453 59 10.886 1.6667 × 10 2 1.0 24 .0 lb/day by 5 .24 99 × 10 –3 0.314 99 1.8900 × 10 2 0.453