P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.12 R/S amplitude ratio by age in lead V6 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 R/S Amplitude Ratio 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, years Age, months Age, days Figure 4.12 R/S amplitude ratio by age in lead V6, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The progress of R/S amplitude ratio in lead V6 is striking. The ratio stays little changed after birth, then increases from age 1 month, then continues to increase forward until age 13–18 years. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 8.69 11.60 5.21 7.48 12.35 20.03 17.29 19.50 23.00 27.86 31.67 32.17 Mean 3.06 2.97 2.42 2.98 5.16 6.69 5.85 8.93 9.27 11.35 11.00 11.66 (±SD) 8.34 4.21 3.77 4.25 4.19 6.43 5.59 11.62 11.92 16.37 13.29 19.18 5% 0.29 0.52 0.57 0.56 0.90 1.75 1.39 2.21 0.21 2.20 −1.00 1.27 (N) 109 128 95 100 113 91 97 113 107 99 289 510 72 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.13 R amplitude in lead V3 + S amplitude in lead V3 by age 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 RV3+SV3 Millivolts 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, days Age, months Age, years Figure 4.13 R amplitude in lead V3+ S amplitude in lead V3 by age, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The sum of R wave amplitude in lead V3 and S wave amplitude in V3 decreases slightly after birth. It increases after age 7–30 days, reaching the highest value at ages 3–6 months and 1–3 years, then decreases thereafter up to age 13–18 years. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 4.32 4.13 3.77 3.28 3.54 4.38 4.00 3.82 4.28 3.88 3.65 3.10 Mean 2.91 2.81 2.77 2.38 2.55 2.99 2.80 2.95 2.8 2.7 1.99 1.59 (±SD) 0.91 0.81 0.67 0.62 0.60 0.79 0.85 0.65 0.90 0.71 0.95 0.81 5% 1.55 1.50 1.83 1.53 1.69 1.83 1.47 1.83 1.51 1.69 0.56 0.55 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 73 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.14 R amplitude in lead V6 + S amplitude in lead V1 by age 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 RV6+SV1 Millivolts 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, yearsAge, monthsAge, days Figure 4.14 R amplitude in lead V6 + S amplitude in Lead V1 by age, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The sum of R wave amplitude in V6 and S wave amplitude in V1 stays almost unchanged in the first week of life. From that age forward, it increases rapidly to age 3–6 months, then gradually up to age 6–9 years, followed by a decrease up to 13–18 years of age. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 1.60 1.47 1.58 1.66 2.08 2.45 2.43 2.70 2.98 3.32 3.19 3.08 Mean 0.96 0.91 0.92 0.94 1.27 1.63 1.68 1.84 2.01 2.25 2.1 2.00 (±SD) 0.43 0.35 0.39 0.37 0.49 0.47 0.50 0.49 0.58 0.71 0.61 0.63 5% 0.33 0.37 0.43 0.41 0.56 0.99 0.90 1.10 1.04 1.26 1.20 1.09 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 74 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.15 R amplitude in lead V6 + S amplitude in lead V2 by age 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 RV6+SV2 Millivolts 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, yearsAge, monthsAge, days Figure 4.15 R amplitude in lead V6 + S amplitude in lead V2 by age, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The sum of R wave amplitude in lead V6 and S wave amplitude in lead V2 decreases slightly from birth to 7 days of age. From that age forward, it increases gradually from age 1–3 years until age 6–9 years, followed by a decrease thereafter. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 3.46 3.43 2.89 2.85 3.06 3.32 3.79 3.55 3.98 4.17 3.95 3.89 Mean 2.26 2.2 1.91 1.94 2.06 2.37 2.57 2.52 2.7 2.82 2.68 2.55 (±SD) 0.75 0.75 0.55 0.55 0.59 0.62 0.73 0.65 0.63 0.77 0.69 0.79 5% 0.96 0.93 1.08 1.08 1.20 1.27 1.50 1.51 1.76 1.83 1.62 1.43 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 75 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.16 Ventricular activation time by age in lead I 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, yearsAge, monthsAge, days Figure 4.16 Ventricular activation time by age in lead I, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The ventricular activation time recorded in lead I becomes longer with increasing age, more strikingly during infancy and adolescence. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 20 20 22 24 28 32 35 34 34 36 40 44 Mean 14 15 15 17 20 22 23 24 24 25 27 29 (±SD) 5.33 5.77 3.87 4.86 4.72 5.45 6.00 5.42 5.28 10.20 8.67 8.26 5% 0 6 1012 141616 161416 16 16 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 76 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.17 Ventricular activation time by age in lead II 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds Age, yearsAge, monthsAge, days 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Figure 4.17 Ventricular activation time by age in lead II, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The ventricular activation time registered in lead II becomes longer gradually and steadily with increasing age from birth to adolescence. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 30 30 30 30 32 36 36 38 38 38 42 45 Mean 21 21 22 24 24 27 26 28 30 30 32 33 (±SD) 5.33 5.77 5.44 5.00 5.59 6.94 7.05 5.42 5.28 5.10 8.67 7.11 5% 12 12 14 14 14 16 16 18 20 22 24 24 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 77 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.18 Ventricular activation time by age in lead III 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, days Age, months Age, years Figure 4.18 Ventricular Activation time by age in lead III, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The ventricular activation time recorded in lead III becomes longer, but not as strikingly as in lead II. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 36 34 36 40 40 41 46 40 42 42 44 48 Mean 28 28 29 31 30 30 29 28 30 31 32 34 (±SD) 5.33 5.77 6.95 6.38 7.23 9.83 11.76 10.85 10.56 10.20 8.67 10.26 5% 14 10 9 22 16 8 8 10 10 12 14 14 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 78 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.19 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVR -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, days Age, months Age, years Figure 4.19 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVR, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). Ventricular activation time recorded in lead aVR becomes longer with a wider range along with increasing age. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 38 40 37 40 46 46 48 48 56 58 60 65 Mean 24 26 24 24 28 29 29 28 32 32 32 35 (±SD) 10.65 11.54 12.15 13.82 14.46 15.47 16.31 16.27 21.11 20.41 26.02 24.61 5%000065000000 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 79 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.20 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVL -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, yearsAge, monthsAge, days Figure 4.20 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVL, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The ventricular activation time interval increases with a wider range from birth to adolescence, particularly during late adolescence. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 24 20 24 20 26 30 34 34 36 40 52 54 Mean 14 13 15 15 17 20 21 23 20 22 23 24 (±SD) 10.65 5.77 6.68 4.96 6.35 7.54 6.73 10.85 10.56 10.20 17.35 15.37 5% 0 8 9 8 10 14 12 10 10 8 0 6 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 80 P1: FAW/SPH P2: FAW/SPH QC: FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.21 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVF 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-30 1-3 3-6 6-12 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-13 13-18 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, days Age, months Age, years Figure 4.21 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVF, each curve corresponding to the indicated percentile level (• = mean). The lengthening of ventricular activation time recorded in aVF is gradual and steady during aging from birth to adolescence. Days Months Years Age 0–1 1–3 3–7 7–30 1–3 3–6 6–12 1–3 3–6 6–9 9–13 13–18 95% 34 32 32 34 36 36 36 38 40 40 42 46 Mean 25 25 26 27 27 28 27 29 30 31 32 34 (±SD) 5.33 5.77 5.77 5.79 5.37 7.17 7.96 5.42 5.28 5.10 8.67 7.30 5% 14 14 15 16 18 14 13 18 18 22 22 22 (N) 109 128 95 100 120 92 97 113 107 100 289 510 81 . 13:48 CHAPTER 4.19 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVR -1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-3 0 1-3 3-6 6-1 2 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-1 3 1 3-1 8 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, days Age,. 13:48 CHAPTER 4.20 Ventricular activation time by age in lead aVL -1 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-3 0 1-3 3-6 6-1 2 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-1 3 1 3-1 8 VAT in Milliseconds 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age, yearsAge,. FAW/SPH T1: FAW BLUK054-Lue June 19, 2006 13:48 CHAPTER 4.12 R/S amplitude ratio by age in lead V6 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0-1 1-3 3-7 7-3 0 1-3 3-6 6-1 2 1-3 3-6 6-9 9-1 3 1 3-1 8 R/S Amplitude Ratio 95% 75% 50% 25% 5% Age,