McKenzie examples in structural analysis

[...]... will influence the degree-of-indeterminacy and the method of analysis required (e.g determinate, indeterminate, pinjointed frame, rigid-jointed frame) Connection design, reflecting the assumptions made in the analysis, is an essential element in achieving an effective load path 1.3.3 Foundations The primary function of all structural members/frames is to transfer the applied dead and imposed loading,... moments about the pin equals zero, i.e Σ Mpin=0 Consider the effect of introducing pins in the frames shown in Figure 1.24 Examples in structural analysis 18 Figure 1.24 The existence of an internal pin at a node with two members in a rigid-frame results in the release of the moment capacity and hence one additional equation as shown in Figure 1.25(a) When there are three members meeting at the node then... bending effect and consequently an analysis assuming axial rigidity of members is acceptable Assuming axial rigidity reduces the degrees-of-freedom which are considered; consider the frame shown in Figure 1.31 Examples in structural analysis 24 Figure 1.31 1.6.1 Problems: Indeterminacy and Degrees-of-Freedom Determine the degree of indeterminacy and the number of degrees-of-freedom for the pin-jointed... etc are indicated by line diagrams The lines normally coincide with the centre-lines of the members A number of such line diagrams for a variety of typical plane structures is shown in Figures 1.4 to 1.9 In some cases it is sufficient to consider a section of the structure and carry out an approximate analysis on a sub-frame as indicated in Figure 1.8 Figure 1.4 Figure 1.5 Examples in structural analysis. .. of moment, i.e M1 and M2 and in the third member M3=(M1+M2) The introduction of a pin in one of the members produces a single release and in two members (effectively all three members) produces two releases as shown in Figure 1.25(b) In general terms the introduction of ‘p’ pins at a joint introduces ‘p’ additional equations When pins are introduced to all members at the joint the number of additional.. .Examples in structural analysis m is the mass of the body a 2 is the acceleration of the body Structural analyses carried out on the basis of a force system inducing a dynamic response, for example structural vibration induced by wind loading, earthquake loading, moving machinery, vehicular traffic etc., have a non-zero value for ‘a’ the acceleration In the case of analyses... at the joint—1) Figure 1.25 Structural analysis and design 19 Consider the frame shown in Figure 1.26 Figure 1.26 The inclusion of an internal roller within a member results in the release of the moment capacity and in addition the force parallel to the roller and hence provides two additional equations Consider the continuous beam ABC shown in Figure 1.27 in which a roller has been inserted in member... frames shown in Figure 1.20 with pinned and roller supports as indicated Figure 1.20 Examples in structural analysis 16 The degree of indeterminacy ID=(m+r)−2n Compound trusses which are fabricated from two or more simple trusses by a structural system involving no more than three, non-parallel, non-concurrent, unknown forces can also be stable and determinate Consider the truss shown in Figure 1.21(a)... deformations whilst in others, only one of these parameters may be accurately modelled or indeed the model may be inadequate in both respects resulting in the need for the physical testing of scaled models 1.3.1 Line Diagrams When modelling it is necessary to represent the form of an actual structure in terms of idealized structural members, e.g in the case of plane frames as beam elements, in which the beams,... 1.11 The support reactions in a structure depend on the types of foundation provided and the resistance to lateral and rotational movement Figure 1.11 Examples in structural analysis 10 1.4 Structural Loading All structures are subjected to loading from various sources The main categories of loading are: dead, imposed and wind loads In some circumstances there may be other loading types which should be . (e.g. determinate, indeterminate, pin- jointed frame, rigid-jointed frame). Connection design, reflecting the assumptions made in the analysis, is an essential element in achieving an effective. body Structural analyses carried out on the basis of a force system inducing a dynamic response, for example structural vibration induced by wind loading, earthquake loading, moving machinery,. approximate analysis on a sub-frame as indicated in Figure 1.8. Figure 1.4 Figure 1.5 Structural analysis and design 5 Figure 1.6 Figure 1.7 Examples in structural analysis 6 Figure