Newnes Sensor Technology Handbook 2005 Yyepg Lotb Part 17 ppt

This page intentionally left blank 631 A P P E N D I X J Speed of Sound in Various Bulk Media Gases Material v (m/s) Hydrogen (0°C) 1286 Helium (0°C) 972 Air (20°C) 343 Air (0°C) 331 Liquids at 25°C Material v (m/s) Glycerol 1904 Sea water 1533 Water 1493 Mercury 1450 Kerosene 1324 Methyl alcohol 1143 Carbon tetrachloride 926 Solids Material v (m/s) Diamond 12000 Pyrex glass 5640 Iron 5130 Aluminum 5100 Brass 4700 Copper 3560 Gold 3240 Lucite 2680 Lead 1322 Rubber 1600 This page intentionally left blank 633 A P P E N D I X K Batteries Values given for size and weight are typical. Power Density = Current x Voltage Battery Weight Type Size Dimensions (in) Weight (oz) Capacity (Ah) Voltage (V) Energy Density (Wh/kg) Li-Ion 3.6 100 NiCad 40-60 NiMH 1.25 60-80 Li-Polymer 2.7 150-200 Carbon Zinc D 1.34 x 2.42 3.07 0.80 1.5 Zinc Chloride D 1.34 x 2.42 3.74 2.5 1.5 Alkaline D 1.34 x 2.42 4.50 4.8 1.5 NiCad D 1.34 x 2.42 5.30 3.5 1.25 Carbon Zinc C 1.02 x 1.97 1.59 0.36 1.5 Zinc Chloride C 1.02 x 1.97 1.80 1.3 1.5 Alkaline C 1.02 x 1.97 2.20 2.4 1.5 NiCad C 1.02 x 1.97 2.50 1.6 1.25 Carbon Zinc AA 0.57 x 1.99 0.53 0.16 1.5 Zinc Chloride AA 0.57 x 1.99 0.71 0.36 1.5 Alkaline AA 0.57 x 1.99 0.75 0.75 1.5 NiCad AA 0.57 x 1.99 0.85 0.45 1.25 Zinc Chloride AAA 0.41 x 1.75 0.32 0.36 1.5 Alkaline AAA 0.41 x 1.75 0.40 0.40 1.5 Zinc Chloride N 0.47 x 1.18 0.23 0.25 1.5 Carbon Zinc 9V 1.03 x 1.94 x .69 1.31 0.16 9.0 Zinc Chloride 9V 1.03 x 1.94 x .69 1.36 0.16 9.0 Alkaline 9V 1.03 x 1.94 x .69 1.59 0.30 9.0 NiCad 9V 1.03 x 1.94 x .69 1.25 0.065 9.0 This page intentionally left blank 635 A P P E N D I X L Temperatures Temperatures (°C) of Some Physical Phenomena Absolute zero –273.15 Helium boils –269 Nitrogen boils –196 Oxygen boils –183 Dry ice (CO 2 ) freezes –79 Mercury freezes –39 Water freezes 0 Room temperature ~20 Butter melts 31 Body temperature ~37 Paraffin boils ~54 Alcohol boils 78 Water 100 Saturated salt solution boils 108 Tin melts 232 Lead melts 327 Sulfur boils 445 Aluminum melts 657 NaCl melts 801 Silver melts 961 Gold melts 1063 Copper melts 1083 Glass melts 1000-1400 Steel melts 1300-1400 Iron melts 1530 Lead boils 1620 Platinum melts 1774 Bunsen burner 1870 Iron boils 2450 Tungsten melts ~3410 Oxyacetylene flame 3500 Carbon arc 5500 Surface of the sun 6000 Iron welding arc 6020 This page intentionally left blank 637 Contributor’s Biographies EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Jon Wilson Principal Consultant, Jon S. Wilson Consulting, LLC Chandler, Arizona Dynamic-Consultant@cox.net Born and reared in Oklahoma, Jon Wilson earned his BS in Mechanical Engineering at Oklahoma University, a Master’s degree in Automotive Engineering at Chrysler Institute of Engineering, and his MSE in Industrial Engineering at Arizona State University. His experience includes assignments as Senior Test Engineer, Labora- tory Manager, Applications Engineering Manager, and Marketing Manager. He has worked for Chrysler Corporation, ITT Cannon Electric Co., Motorola Semiconductor Products Division, and Endevco Division of Meggitt Aerospace. Since founding his own company in 1985, he has been a consultant, writer, and educator. Mr. Wilson’s technical experience encompasses all phases of dynamic, environmen- tal, functional, electrical, mechanical, and chemical testing of automotive, industrial and aerospace equipment and components. He was also involved in marketing man- agement and applications engineering of shock, vibration and dynamic pressure measurement instrumentation. He has participated in national and international stan- dards committees and technical divisions of SAE, ISA and IEST. Mr. Wilson provides technical writing of testing standards, specifications, and procedures; he also witness- es and audits test performance, assists in test equipment and services specification and procurement, and consults for and trains engineers, technicians, and non-technical personnel on all phases of dynamic and environmental testing and instrumentation. He has over 40 years experience writing and presenting training courses and technical papers. He managed and presented Endevco’s Shock and Vibration Measurement and Dynamic Pressure Measurement short courses for several years. He has written and/or presented over 30 technical articles and papers. 638 Contributor’s Biographies His recent teaching includes short courses on shock and vibration measurement, testing and calibration; climatic testing; dynamic pressure measurement; and instru- mentation for test and measurement. He has presented short courses and tutorials for Endevco, Kistler, Vibrometer, Tustin Technical Institute, Technology Training Incorporated, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Society of Auto- motive Engineers, Instrument Society of America, American Society of Testing and Materials, Society of Experimental Mechanics, International Telemetering Confer- ence, Transducer Workshop, Shock and Vibration Symposium and Sensors Expo. He has presented short courses in England, Scotland, Germany, Sweden, Canada, Japan, Singapore, and many parts of the United States. He is currently an active member of the IEST Working Group, developing a Recom- mended Practice for vibration transducer selection. Mr. Wilson is also a member of ISA S37 working group and chairman of the S37.11 subcommittee (RP 37.11 deals with vibration transducers). CONTRIBUTORS Tom Anderson Application Development Manager SpaceAge Control, Inc. Tom is Application Development Manager at SpaceAge Control, a manufacturer of miniature displacement transducers. He is responsible for application engineering and product marketing efforts and led development efforts for a broad range of dis- placement sensing solutions, including those for flight data recorders, environmental control systems, actuator controls, and space vehicles. Before working for SpaceAge Control, Tom worked for Hewlett-Packard’s engineering workstation division as a product manager. He has a degree in systems science from the University of Califor- nia at Los Angeles. Steven Arms President MicroStrain, Inc. Steven Arms is founder and President of MicroStrain, Inc., a manufacturer of preci- sion sensors and wireless sensing instrumentation. Steve founded MicroStrain in 1987 with the mission to create advanced microminiature sensors and wireless instru- mentation. Sensors are literally changing our world; we’re inspired to work with our customers to introduce advanced sensing technology that will enable the next genera- tion of smarter and safer machines, civil structures, and implanted devices. [...]... 658 Sensor Suppliers City Technology Ltd City Technology Center, Walton Rd Portsmouth, Hampshire, PO6 1SZ UNITED KINGDOM 44-2392-325511 Fax 44-2392-386611 sensors@citytech.co.uk www.citytech.com Contact: Brian Roake, Sales & Mktg Dir ISO 9001 certified Figaro USA Inc 3703 W Lake Ave., Suite 203 Glenview, IL 60025 847-832 -170 1 Fax 847-832 -170 5 figarousa@figarosensor.com www.figarosensor.com Contact: Taro... 653 This page intentionally left blank Sensor Suppliers Following is a list of suppliers for sensors discussed in this book, organized alphabetically by type of sensor This information is presented courtesy of Sensors magazine, a publication of Advanstar Communications To locate other suppliers of similar products, please visit the Sensors Buyer’s Guide Online (www.sensorsmag.com/ buyersguide), offering... www.rechner.com Contact: Glen MacIntyre, Tech Sales ISO 9001 certified Inductive Sensors Only Kaman Sensors 217 Smith Street Middletown, CT 06457 USA 860-632-4573 Keyence 50 Tice Blvd Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677 USA 201-930-0100 662 Sensor Suppliers ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES The companies listed below provide a wide selection of sensors and instruments to measure various electrical properties, including ohmmeters,... BIOMEDICAL / BIOSENSORS The companies listed here offer a variety of analytical and control biomedical sensors and biosensors, for applications that include diagnostics, life science R&D, bio defense, industrial process control, and others Honeywell Sensing and Control 1845 57th St Sarasota, FL 34243 941-355-8411, 800-446-5762 wayne.garris@honeywell.com www.honeywell.com ISO 9001 certified 657 Sensor Suppliers... that are well-versed in the needs of the sensor and stress analysis industries HITEC Corporation is part of the First Technology group of companies Honeywell Sensing and Control 11 W Spring St Freeport, IL 61032 Domestic: 800.537.6945 International: 815.235.6847 Fax: 815.235.6545 www.honeywell.com/sensing Honeywell International is a $23 billion diversified technology and manufacturing leader, serving... 655 Sensor Suppliers Kistler Instrument Corporation 75 John Glenn Drive Amherst, NY 14228 888-547-8537 sales.us@kistler.com www.kistler.com ISO 9001 certified ACOUSTIC Companies listed here provide a variety of acoustic sensors and instruments, including sound level meters, high intensity acoustic sensors, noise dosimeters, and microphones Larson Davis Labs 1681 W 820 N Provo, UT 84601 801-375- 0177 ,... provide a wide range of specialized engineering services for elevated temperature and extreme environment sensor installations and measurements Specific advances by the founders of the company include the development of various sensor application techniques that contribute to their success in the sensor industry They have assisted in improving processes for elevated temperature applications, and offer... Sciences & Technology (IEST) Pyroshock Committee and Shock and Vibration Committee Mr Chu is currently the Working Group chairman of Measurement Transducer Selection, working on the Transducer Selection Recommended Practice for IEST He is also one of the chapter contributors of the newly revised Shock and Vibration Handbook from McGraw-Hill 639 Contributor’s Biographies Paul Engeler Head of Pressure Sensor. .. www.honeywell.com/sensing 649 Contributing Companies Kistler Instrument Corp 75 John Glenn Drive Amherst, NY 14228- 2171 / USA (1-888-547-8537), Fax 1-716-691-5226 sales.us@kistler.com Kistler is a leading manufacturer of force, pressure, acceleration and strain sensors, as well as instrumentation systems and accessories Kistler’s technology includes a variety of sensing principles including piezoelectric, piezoresistive and... The company has also embraced the global market by becoming ISO9001 certified and forming partnerships with companies in Asia, Europe and throughout the world Lockheed Martin www.lockheedmartin.com Lockheed Martin, an advanced technology company, was formed in March 1995 with the merger of two of the world’s premier technology companies, Lockheed Corporation and Martin Marietta Corporation Headquartered . preci- sion sensors and wireless sensing instrumentation. Steve founded MicroStrain in 1987 with the mission to create advanced microminiature sensors and wireless instru- mentation. Sensors are. and Vibration Handbook from McGraw-Hill. Contributor’s Biographies 640 Paul Engeler Head of Pressure Sensor Design Kistler Instrumente Paul Engeler is currently Head of Pressure Sensor Design. Endevco, Kistler, Vibrometer, Tustin Technical Institute, Technology Training Incorporated, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Society of Auto- motive Engineers, Instrument