The Earth Inside and Out phần 1 pptx

[...]... the Earth' s equator? What tilted the Moon's orbit and the Earth' s axis by strikingly different amounts? Above all, what force kept the Moon moving outward in full retreat from the Earth? An interesting variation was proposed in 18 81 by the Reverend Osmond Fisher (18 17 -19 14) in England in his book, Physics of the Earth' s Crust, that earned him the title The Father of Geophysics' Fisher argued that the. .. orbital space between Vesta and one of the gaps in the belt which serves as an escape hatch into interplanetary space (Binzell & Xu Shui 19 93) The first of the SNC meteorites fell in 18 15 at Chassigny, France; the second one fell in 18 69 at Shergotty in India; and the third fell in 19 11 at EARTH TO PLANETARY SCIENCE 21 enough similarities to be classed together as a group Since 19 11, 14 more SNCs have fallen... Johannes Walther (Seibold 19 92), and Arthur Holmes (Lewis 2000); and in connection with work on the study of the age of the Earth, and radiometric dating more generally, the volume of Dalrymple (19 91) holds the field There are useful collections of classic papers from the first half of the century edited by Mather (19 67) and Cloud (19 70) A set of essays on the history of sedimentology (Ginsburg 19 73) is... off the outer portion of the Moon and showered debris over the Earth, making the entire crust above the Mohorovicic discontinuity of 'Moon-stuff - a dramatic reversal of the fission hypothesis that made the Moon of 'Earth- stuff 25 A more plausible hypothesis, strongly supported in the 19 50s and 19 60s by Harold C Urey and others, was that the Moon was captured not from the asteroid belt but from the. .. in the 19 50s about the Moon's composition, shape, density and orbit to be thoroughly mystified by it We did not know when or where the Moon formed, or when and how the Earth and Moon became linked together Hypotheses of the Moon's origin Until 19 84, the four most widely discussed modes of lunar origin were fission of the Earth, capture of the Moon from the asteroid belt or from a location near the Earth, ... when the Moon was more plastic and closer to the Earth As the Moon raises the tides, the drag of the waters on shelving ocean floors slows the Earth' s rate of rotation, causing the Moon to retreat from the Earth at the rate of c 3 cm each year However, if we were to spin its orbit backward, the Moon would come closer and closer to Earth until, only about 15 00 million years ago, it would arrive at the. .. clear that the Moon is far from being a mini -Earth The Earth- Moon system has an extraordinarily high degree of angular momentum Furthermore, the Earth' s spin axis (and hence its equator) is tilted 23.45° from the plane of the ecliptic, in which the Earth and all the other planets revolve around the Sun The Moon's spin axis is almost vertical to the ecliptic, but its orbital path around the Earth is tilted... highlands surrounding dark plains that spread over about one-third of the visible surface In 16 10 Galileo called these features terrae and maria (lands and seas), and the Latin names are still in use Galileo observed that the terrae stand higher than the maria, and he also described and sketched what he called circular 'spots' or 'cavities' in the surface From its size and mass, we had learned that the. .. contradictory theories being taught in the same institution Khain was one of the main protagonists and actively promoted plate tectonic theory The tectonics theorist Khain is, of course, writing about the events of the 19 70s from the perspective of the 'winning' side; and it might be said that, having lived longest, he now has the opportunity to write the history the way it appeared to him Be this as may, there... simultaneous accretion in Earth orbit, or the accretion of a ring of Earth- orbiting moonlets Earth fission The fission theory, first proposed in 18 79 by George H Darwin (18 45 -19 12), son of Charles Darwin, pictured the Moon spinning out of the mantle of the rapidly rotating Earth due to resonance between its free oscillations and the solar tides Diagrams of this process show a large bulge at Earth' s equator stretching . Publications, 19 2, 99 -11 1. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO. 19 2 The Earth Inside and Out: Some Major Contributions to Geology in the Twentieth Century EDITED BY DAVID R. OLDROYD The . society in the world and the largest in Europe. It was incorporated under Royal Charter in 18 25 and is Registered Charity 210 1 61. The Society is the UK national learned and professional. (Lewis 2000); and in connection with work on the study of the age of the Earth, and radiometric dating more generally, the volume of Dalrymple (19 91) holds the field. There are