EMERGENCY NEURORADIOLOGY - PART 1 docx

[...]... 1 Bahner ML, Reith W, Zuna I et al: Spiral CT vs incremental CT: is spiral CT superior in imaging of the brain ? Eur Radiol 8(3): 41 6-4 20, 19 98 2 Bozzao L, Angeloni V, Bastianello S et al: Early angiographic and CT findings in patients with haemorrhagic in- 26 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 I CEREBROVASCULAR EMERGENCIES farction in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery AJNR 2 :11 1 5 -1 12 1,... occlusion of the middle cerebral artery trunk AJN 15 : 9 -1 8, 19 94 Wing SD, Normann D, Pollack JA et al: Contrast enhancement of cerebral infarcts in computed tomography Radiology 12 1:89 ,19 76 Yock DH: CT demonstration of cerebral emboli J Comput Assist Tomogr 5 :19 0 -1 96, 19 81 Zulck KJ, Esbach O: The interhemisferic steal syndromes Neuroradiology 4 :17 9 -1 85, 19 72 27 1. 3 CT IN INTRAPARENCHYMAL HAEMORRHAGE N Zarrelli,... increased density in a cerebral artery AJR 14 9:58 3-5 86, 19 87 Rao KCVG, Knipp HC, Wagner EJ: Computed tomographic findings in cerebral sinus and venous thrombosis Radiology 14 0:3 91, 19 81 Reichenbach JR, Rother J, Jonetz-Mentzel L et al: Acute stroke evaluated by time-to-peak mapping during initial and early follow-up perfusion CT studies AJNR 20 (10 ) :18 4 2 -1 850, 19 99 Schellinger PD, Jansen O, Fiebach JB... with multiple thin slices (e.g., 1. 5 - 4 mm) In 4 0-6 0% of cases, selective angiography reveals a thromboembolic occlusion, a finding that disappears subsequently as the endoluminal clot lyses (2) Subtle pa- 1. 2 CT IN ISCHAEMIA 15 a a b b Fig 1. 11 - Infarcts in the posterior fossa and in particular in the pons (a), midbrain (b) and left cerebral hemisphere (a-b) Fig 1. 12 - Thalamic infarcts: on the left... ischemia Acta Radiologica 39:46 0-4 73, 19 98 10 Lovblad KO, Laubach HJ, Baird AE et al: Clinical experience with diffusion-weighted MR in patients with acute stroke AJNR 19 :10 6 1- 1 066, 19 98 11 Lutsep HL, Albers GW, DeCrespigny A et al: Clinical utility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of ischemic stroke Ann Neurol 41: 574580, 19 97 12 Marks MP, Homgren EB, Fox A et al:... angiogram I CEREBROVASCULAR EMERGENCIES REFERENCES 1 Atlas SW: MR angiography in neurologic disease Radiology 19 3: 1- 1 6, 19 94 2 Barber PA, Darby DG, Desmond PM et al: Prediction of stroke outcome with echoplanar perfusion and diffusion weighted MRI Neurology 51: 41 8-4 26, 19 98 3 Brant-Zawadzki M, Gould R: Digital subtraction cerebral angiography AJR 14 0:34 7-3 53, 19 83 4 De Boer JA, Folkers PJM: MR perfusion... 32:8 71, 19 82 Ford K, Sarwar M: Computed tomography of dural sinus thrombosis AJR 2:539, 19 81 Gaskill-Shipley MF: Routine evaluation of acute stroke Neuroimaging Clin N Am 9(3): 41 1- 4 22, 19 99 Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C et al: Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemisferic stroke The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS) JAMA 274 :10 1 7 -1 025, 19 95... Group Stroke 30(4):76 1- 7 64, 19 99 Moulin T, Tatu L, Vuillier F et al: Brain CT scan for acute 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 cerebral infarction: early signs of ischemia Rev Neurol 15 55(9):64 9-6 55, 19 99 Perrone P, Landelise L, Scotti G et al: CT evaluation in patients with transient ischemic attack Correlation between clinical and angiographic findings Eur Neurol 18 : 217 , 19 79 Pressman BD, Tourje... artery (Fig 1. 10) Infarcts less commonly occur in certain territories such as the brainstem (Fig 1. 11) and the thalamus (Fig 1. 12) It is also possible to observe pathologically multiple small infarcts (0.5 - 1 cm), which are somewhat problematic to detect on imaging studies, especially when situated in the posterior fossa (due to the bony arte- facts at the base of the skull) (Fig 1. 11) As mentioned... suboccipital surgical decompression can be a “lifesaving” procedure (Fig 1. 10) 1. 2 CT IN ISCHAEMIA 19 a a b Fig 1. 17 - Right parietal-occipital infarct with gyral enhancement: a) direct examination; b) examination after contrast medium administration b Fig 1. 16 - Widespread infarct lesion in the left middle cerebral artery territory, with non-homogeneous CE: a) direct examination; b) examination after contrast . 19 :10 6 1- 1 066, 19 98. 11 . Lutsep HL, Albers GW, DeCrespigny A et al: Clinical util- ity of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of ischemic stroke. Ann Neurol 41: 57 4- 580,. Radiolo- gy 19 3: 1- 1 6, 19 94. 2. Barber PA, Darby DG, Desmond PM et al: Prediction of stroke outcome with echoplanar perfusion and diffusion weighted MRI. Neurology 51: 41 8-4 26, 19 98. 3. Brant-Zawadzki. study. AJR 16 5:63 3-6 38, 19 95. 14 . Pressman BD, Tourse EJ, Thompson JR et al: An early CT sign of ischemic infarction: increased density in a cerebral artery. AJR 14 9:58 3-5 86, 19 87. 15 . Schellinger