adobe Photoshop 6 Bibles phần 10 pdf

26 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Figure A-32: Changing the speeds of color transitions in the two-channel displacement map (left column) created smoother image distortions at both the 10 percent (middle) and 20 percent (right) settings. The Displace dialog box When you choose Filter ➪ Distort ➪ Displace, Photoshop displays the Displace dia- log box. (“Displays the Displace” is the modern equivalent of “Begin the Beguine,” don’t you know.) As shown in Figure A-33, the Displace dialog box provides the fol- lowing options: ✦ Scale: You can specify the degree to which the Displace filter moves colors in an image by entering percentage values into the Horizontal Scale and Vertical Scale option boxes. At 100 percent, black and white areas in the dmap each have the effect of moving colors 128 pixels. That’s 1 pixel per each brightness value over or under medium gray. You can isolate the effect of a single-channel dmap vertically or horizontally — or ignore the first or second channel of a two-channel dmap — by entering 0 percent into the Horizontal or Vertical option box, respectively. 27 Chapter A ✦ Constructing Homemade Effects Figure A-33: Use these options to specify the degree of distortion, how the filter matches the displacement map to the image, and how it colors the pixels around the perimeter of the selection. Figure A-34 shows the effect of distorting an image exclusively horizontally (top row) and vertically (bottom row) at each of three percentage values: 5 percent, 15 percent, and 30 percent. In each case, I used the two-channel dmap from Figure A-32. Figure A-34: The results of applying the Distort filter exclusively horizontally (top row) and exclusively vertically (bottom row) at 5 percent (left column), 15 percent (middle), and 30 percent (right). 28 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible ✦ Displacement Map: If the dmap contains fewer pixels than the image, you can either scale it to match the size of the selected image by selecting the Stretch to Fit radio button or repeat the dmap over and over within the image by selecting Tile. Figure A-35 shows a small two-channel dmap that contains radial gradations. In the first column, I stretched the dmap to fit the image. In the second column, I tiled the dmap. To create both examples in the top row, I set the Horizontal Scale and Vertical Scale values to 10 percent. To create the bottom-row examples, I raised the values to 50 percent. Figure A-35: Using a small, two-channel dmap (offset top left), I stretched the dmap to fit (left column) and tiled it (right column) at 10 percent (top row) and 50 percent (bottom row). ✦ Undefined Areas: These radio buttons let you tell Photoshop how to color pixels around the outskirts of the selection that are otherwise undefined. By default, the Repeat Edge Pixels radio button is selected, which repeats the col- ors of pixels around the perimeter of the selection. This can result in extreme stretching effects, as shown in the middle example of Figure A-36. To repeat the image inside the undefined areas instead, as demonstrated in the final example of the figure, select the Wrap Around option. 29 Chapter A ✦ Constructing Homemade Effects The Repeat Edge Pixels setting was active in all displacement map figures prior to Figure A-36. In these cases, I frequently avoided stretching effects by coloring the edges of the dmap with medium gray and gradually lightening or darkening the brightness values toward the center. Figure A-36: After creating a straightforward, single-channel displacement map (left), I applied the filter subject to two different Undefined Areas settings, Repeat Edge Pixels (middle) and Wrap Around (right). After you finish specifying options in the Displace dialog box, press Enter to display the Open dialog box, which enables you to select the displacement map saved to disk. Only native Photoshop documents show up in the scrolling list. Using Displacement Maps So far, all the displacement maps demonstrated involve gradations of one form or another. Gradient dmaps distort the image over the contours of a fluid surface, like a reflection in a fun-house mirror. In this respect, the effects of the Displace filter closely resemble those of the Pinch and Spherize filters described in the last chap- ter. But the more functional and straightforward application of the Displace filter is to add texture to an image. Creating texture effects Figure A-37 shows the results of using the Displace filter to apply nine of the pat- terns from the DispMaps folder inside the Filters\Plug-Ins folder. Figure A-38 shows the effects of applying four of the patterns to color images. Introduced in Chapter 10, this folder contains repeating patterns that Adobe designed especially with the Displace filter in mind. Tip 30 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Figure A-37: These are examples of applying nine patterns from the Displacement Maps folder with the Displace filter at 10 percent horizontally and vertically. 12-sided Crumbles Fragment layers Mezzo effect Random strokes Rectangular tiles Schnable effect Streaks pattern Twirl pattern 31 Chapter A ✦ Constructing Homemade Effects Figure A-38: Examples of applying four patterns from the Displacement Maps folder with the Displace filter, including (clockwise from upper left) Crumbles, Streaks pattern, Mezzo effect, and Twill pattern. As shown in the last two figures, most of these patterns produce the effect of view- ing the image through textured glass — an effect known in high-end graphics circles as glass refraction. Those few patterns that contain too much contrast to pass off as textured glass—including Fragment layers, Mezzo effect, and Schnable effect — can be employed to create images that appear as if they were printed on coarse paper or even textured metal. To view each of the textures from the Displacement Maps folder on its own, see Figure 17-19 in the “Creating patterns and textures” section of Chapter 17. Like Figure A-37, Figure 17-19 is labeled so that you can easily match texture and effect. When using a repeating pattern—including any of the images inside the Dis- placement Maps folder — as a dmap, be sure to select the Tile radio button inside the Displace dialog box. This repeats the dmap rather than stretching it out of proportion. Tip Cross- Reference 32 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible I also explained in Chapter 7 that you can create your own textures from scratch using filtering effects. I specifically described how to create a stucco texture by applying the Add Noise filter three times in a row to an empty image and then using the Emboss filter to give it depth. (See the “Using filters” item in the “Creating pat- terns and textures” section.) This texture appears in the first example of Figure A-39. I applied the texture at 2 percent and 10 percent to create the windblown middle and right examples in the figure. Figure A-39: After creating a stucco texture with the Add Noise and Emboss filters (left), I applied the texture as a displacement map at 2 percent (middle) and 10 percent (right). The stucco pattern is only one of an infinite number of textures that you can create using filters. In fact, stucco is a great base texture on which to build. For example, to create the wavy texture that starts off the first row of Figure A-40, I softened the stucco texture by applying the Gaussian Blur filter with a 0.3-pixel radius. I then applied the Ripple filter twice with the Large option selected and an Amount value of 100. That’s all there was to it. To create the second texture in the figure, I applied the Crystallize filter at its default Cell Size value of 10. Believe me, I could go on creating textures like this forever, and more importantly, so could you. The images in the second and third columns of Figure A-40 show the results of applying the textures with the Displace filter at 2 per- cent and 10 percent respectively. In the final analysis, any pattern you design for use with the rubber stamp tool is equally applicable for use with the Displace filter. Furthermore, of the two options— rubber stamp and Displace — the latter is more likely to yield the kind of textured effects that leave your audience begging, pleading, and scraping for more. 33 Chapter A ✦ Constructing Homemade Effects Figure A-40: After creating two textures with the Add Noise, Emboss, and Ripple filters (first column), I applied the textures as displacement maps at 2 percent (middle) and 10 percent (right). Displacing an image onto itself I throw this technique in just for laughs. Personally, I can’t get enough of Dr. Strangelove. That’s why I call this the Make My Day at the Atomic Café effect. Warning: This effect features simulated melting Egyptian carvings. If you find them unnerving, you have a very soft stomach. The Make My Day at the Atomic Café effect involves nothing more than using an image as its own displacement map. First, make sure that the image you want to distort is saved to disk in the native Photoshop 2.0 format. Then choose Filter ➪ Distort ➪ Displace, specify the desired settings, and select the version of the image saved to disk. Figure A-41 shows three applications of this effect, once applied at 10 percent exclusively horizontally, the next at 10 percent vertically, and the last at 10 percent in both directions. 34 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Figure A-41: See Egypt, have a blast. Here I applied the pharaoh image as a displacement map onto itself at 10 percent horizontally (left), 10 percent vertically (middle), and 10 percent in both directions. As a variation, save the image in its original form. Then choose Image ➪ Adjust ➪ Invert (Ctrl+I) and save the inverted image to disk under a different name. Open the original image and use the Displace filter to apply the inverted image as a displace- ment map. Figure A-42 shows some results. Figure A-42: The results of applying an inverted version of the pharaoh as a displacement map onto the original image at 10 percent horizontally (left), 10 percent vertically (middle), and 10 percent in both directions. If you really want to blow an image apart, apply Horizontal Scale and Vertical Scale values of 50 percent or greater. The first row of Figure A-43 shows a series of 50 per- cent applications of the Displace filter. I took the liberty of sharpening each image to heighten the effect. In the second row, I applied the filter and used Filter ➪ Fade to lower the Opacity value to 10 percent. In this way, I retained the detail of the original image while still managing to impart a smidgen of sandblasting. 35 Chapter A ✦ Constructing Homemade Effects Figure A-43: The results of displacing the pharaoh image with itself at 50 percent horizontally, 50 percent vertically, and 50 percent in both directions (top row), followed by the same effects faded using the Fade command (bottom row). Using the Filter Factory If you’ve made it this far through the chapter, I just want to say one thing about the Filter Factory: It’s incredibly powerful and capable of doing much, much more than any filter I’ve described so far. But it’s also difficult to use — so difficult, in fact, that it makes everything I’ve discussed in the previous pages look incredibly easy and transparently obvious. The Filter Factory tests the capabilities of the most experi- enced Photoshop user. Before you can use the Filter Factory, you must install the Filter Factory plug-in in your Plug-Ins folder. The Filter Factory is included only on the Photoshop CD-ROM and does not install during the normal installation process. Open the CD-ROM and look for the Ffactory folder inside the Goodies/Plug-Ins folder. Then copy the folder to the Plug-Ins folder on your hard drive and restart Photoshop. Choose Filter ➪ Synthetic ➪ Filter Factory to display the Filter Factory dialog box, shown in Figure A-44. By any account, I think this has to be the scariest dialog box ever put before a Photoshop user. Yours is probably even more scary. The R option box contains a little r, the G option box contains a little g, and the B option box Cross- Reference [...]... a pixel in a certain channel based on its distance and direction from the center of the image For example, if 39 40 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible you enter rad(d– 16, m– 16, 0) into the red channel, you rotate the contents of the channel 16 increments (about 6 degrees) counterclockwise and distort its center outward The upcoming step-by-step example uses this function The function rnd generates... it, you can choose whether Photoshop will stop and give you the chance to change its options If a dualtoned box with three dots appears in the dialog box column (as in the case of the Set Current Layer operation back in Figure B-3), Photoshop stops during playback and displays the associated dialog box You can choose the settings as you please 9 10 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Press... palette menu Photoshop asks you for a destination and file name Nothing out of the ordinary Photoshop By default, Photoshop displays only the Default Actions set containing ten or so reasonably useful actions that our friends at Adobe made To add other sets to the Actions palette, choose the Load Action from the palette menu Then simply find the location of the desired set and load it on up 6 Tip Notice... “Save In” Commands check box Chapter B ✦ Actions and Other Automations Photoshop Figure B -6: Here I have the Batch command all set up to import images from a Kodak DC 210 digital camera, run the Sharpen JPEG action on them, and save each image to a folder on my hard drive 6 You can now specify the naming convention that you want Photoshop to use when saving your batched files This means that you don’t... convention, Photoshop will effectively apply a Save As for you In the example shown in Figure B -6, you see that I’ve chosen to have Photoshop save the files with their original name plus six digits to reflect the current date plus the file extension that reflects the files’ final format You can choose up to six different components for the naming convention 13 14 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows... Current Layer means, click the triangle before the operation name to expand it Figure B-3 shows an example of a Set Current Layer operation expanded to show that Photoshop has set the layer to 30 percent opacity 5 6 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Note (Now do you see why I think set is a bad name for those folder/group things that hold actions? Commands have settings, the Actions palette... brightness value that currently occupies the PBE in the red channel So by entering r in the R option box, you tell Photoshop to change the red PBE to its current color, which is no change whatsoever It’s just Adobe s way of creating a clean slate for your work 37 38 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible All variables reset to a new value every time the filter advances from one pixel to the next... value of the top slider bar from the angle variable d Why four times? Because the slider only offers 2 56 increments, and the filter measures a full circle in 1,024 increments — 2 56 times 4 equals 1,024, thus enabling you to translate the slider values to a full circle 41 42 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Meanwhile, d is the angle of the current pixel from the center and m is the distance... basis But it’s actually relatively easy, especially with Photoshop s main Automate commands, Batch and Create Droplet 11 12 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Batch-processing on the fly The following steps walk you through the task of batch-processing a bunch of files with the Batch command This isn’t the only way to use this command — Photoshop offers several additional variations you can... single folder Or if you own a digital camera from which Photoshop can open images directly — anything from the high-end Olympus D -60 0L to the more scaled-down Kodak DC20 — plug the camera into your PC and turn it on 2 Create a folder to collect the images once Photoshop is done processing them If you’re opening images from a folder, you can have Photoshop save to the same folder, but this saves over . example, if 40 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible you enter rad(d– 16, m– 16, 0) into the red channel, you rotate the contents of the channel 16 increments (about 6 degrees) counterclockwise. effect, once applied at 10 percent exclusively horizontally, the next at 10 percent vertically, and the last at 10 percent in both directions. 34 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for Windows Bible Figure. tell Photoshop to change the red PBE to its current color, which is no change whatsoever. It’s just Adobe s way of creating a clean slate for your work. Tip 38 Extra Reading ✦ Photoshop 6 for